- Title
- Evaluation of potential oviposition deterrents for false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
- Creator
- Dambuza, Khalipha
- ThesisAdvisor
- Coombes, Candice
- ThesisAdvisor
- Hill, M P
- ThesisAdvisor
- Moore, Sean
- Subject
- Cryptophlebia leucotreta
- Subject
- Pests Integrated control
- Subject
- Semiochemicals
- Subject
- Agricultural pests Control
- Subject
- Oviposition
- Subject
- Essences and essential oils
- Date
- 2023-10-13
- Type
- Academic theses
- Type
- Master's theses
- Type
- text
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/10962/424479
- Identifier
- vital:72157
- Description
- There has been extensive research on the use of semiochemicals as deterrents or true repellents in insect pest management, particularly in push-pull strategies. Much of this research has focused on pests of medical and veterinary importance and has been limited for agricultural pests. This means there is an opportunity to study use of deterrents to manage pests of agricultural importance. No study has been conducted on deterrents for false codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a key phytosanitary pest in citrus orchards across South Africa. This study assessed FCM oviposition deterrence in botanicals (plants (n = 11) and essential oils (n = 15)), and some commercial pesticides (n = 7) used for FCM control in South Africa. All tested botanicals were selected based on an extensive literature review of plant compounds that have been reported to deter or repel lepidopteran pests. Choice and no-choice oviposition bioassays were conducted in complete darkness in a controlled environment room. Oranges treated with solutions/suspensions of potential oviposition deterrents were placed into a cage with gravid FCM females for four hours, with oviposition being recorded every hour. Of the 33 tested compounds, only eight significantly reduced FCM oviposition (P < 0.05) compared to the control in oviposition bioassays i.e. two essential oils (lavender and peppermint), two plant crude extracts (garlic and marigold), one fruit (Mango), and three commercial FCM insecticides (Delegate, Coragen, and Warlock). All identified oviposition deterrents, except for Mango, were further investigated for their ovicidal properties in concentration response bioassays, where all botanicals were identified to have dual action (both deterrent and ovicidal properties), as they significantly (P < 0.05) reduced FCM oviposition and egg hatch. Garlic was the most efficacious botanical whilst Warlock was the only commercial insecticide that did not show ovicidal activity (F = 41.17, P = 0.0622). Larval penetration of the host fruit was less than egg hatch for all tested compounds in concentration response bioassays. Oviposition, egg hatch, and larval penetration were all affected by concentration, with the higher concentrations being the most effective. The efficacy of these deterrent compounds should be further tested in semi-field and/or field trials, and they may have potential in FCM management as allomone dispensers or sprays. They can also be implemented in push-pull strategies where they can be used in conjunction with FCM attractants. Lastly, repellence studies should be conducted in absentia of the host fruit to determine whether oviposition deterrence was a result of true repellence or odour masking.
- Description
- Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Zoology and Entomology, 2023
- Format
- computer, online resource, application/pdf, 1 online resource (108 pages), pdf
- Publisher
- Rhodes University, Faculty of Science, Zoology and Entomology
- Language
- English
- Rights
- Dambuza, Khalipha
- Rights
- Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons "Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike" License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/)
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| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details Download | SOURCE1 | DAMBUZA-MSC-TR23-141.pdf | 1 MB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download |