A sustainability assessment of the Inxuba Yethemba local municipality
- Authors: Van Lingen, Matthew
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7056 , vital:21213
- Description: The aim of this research was to assess the sustainability of the Inxuba Yethemba local municipality with the goal that policy-makers would use the assessment recommendations to improve their decision-making. The United Nations Indicators for Sustainable Development framework (3rd Edition) was chosen to carry out the assessment because of its indicator selection and methodology for distinguishing which indicators were relevant or irrelevant for the assessment (United Nations, 2007). If an indicator showed that the situation was improving, it was assumed to help with the overall sustainability of the area (Hedayati-Moghadam, Eskandar Seidayi and Nouri, 2014; and United Nations, 2007). The indicators for environmental sustainability showed that the area is on an environmentally sustainable path (Du Toit, 2017; United Nations, 2007). While the indicators for social sustainability showed that the living standards of the population (measured by poverty, housing, and access to electricity amongst others) had increased which is a good indication for social sustainability. The indicators for education and labour productivity showed the opposite (CHDM a, 2012; CHDM a, 2014; United Nations, 2007). The indicators for the economy showed that the economy was not growing which is not a good indication for economic sustainability (CHDM a, 2012; CHDM a, 2014; United Nations, 2007). The recommendation to policy-makers is that developing labour productivity through education and skills training is the most important area to improve, and compiling regular sustainability assessments will improve their decision making. Another recommendation is that, because 65% of the households rely on the social grant (CHDM b, 2014) this cannot be withdrawn in the short term. Furthermore, if inflation were to develop into hyperinflation, the value of the social grants would deteriorate (Market Insight South Africa, 2016). A recommendation to policy makers is that more data collection is needed in order to do proper sustainability assessments. Overall, the municipality cannot be classified as sustainable mainly on account of the poor education system, high levels of unemployed and unskilled labour, and the social, and economic dependence that the municipality has on government spending.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Van Lingen, Matthew
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7056 , vital:21213
- Description: The aim of this research was to assess the sustainability of the Inxuba Yethemba local municipality with the goal that policy-makers would use the assessment recommendations to improve their decision-making. The United Nations Indicators for Sustainable Development framework (3rd Edition) was chosen to carry out the assessment because of its indicator selection and methodology for distinguishing which indicators were relevant or irrelevant for the assessment (United Nations, 2007). If an indicator showed that the situation was improving, it was assumed to help with the overall sustainability of the area (Hedayati-Moghadam, Eskandar Seidayi and Nouri, 2014; and United Nations, 2007). The indicators for environmental sustainability showed that the area is on an environmentally sustainable path (Du Toit, 2017; United Nations, 2007). While the indicators for social sustainability showed that the living standards of the population (measured by poverty, housing, and access to electricity amongst others) had increased which is a good indication for social sustainability. The indicators for education and labour productivity showed the opposite (CHDM a, 2012; CHDM a, 2014; United Nations, 2007). The indicators for the economy showed that the economy was not growing which is not a good indication for economic sustainability (CHDM a, 2012; CHDM a, 2014; United Nations, 2007). The recommendation to policy-makers is that developing labour productivity through education and skills training is the most important area to improve, and compiling regular sustainability assessments will improve their decision making. Another recommendation is that, because 65% of the households rely on the social grant (CHDM b, 2014) this cannot be withdrawn in the short term. Furthermore, if inflation were to develop into hyperinflation, the value of the social grants would deteriorate (Market Insight South Africa, 2016). A recommendation to policy makers is that more data collection is needed in order to do proper sustainability assessments. Overall, the municipality cannot be classified as sustainable mainly on account of the poor education system, high levels of unemployed and unskilled labour, and the social, and economic dependence that the municipality has on government spending.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Airline revenue management performance measurement of South African Airways origin-destination revenue management
- Authors: Githiri, Duncan Wanjau
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Revenue management , Airlines Finance , Performance Measurement , Airlines Rates Mathematical models , South African Airways
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59188 , vital:27455
- Description: Revenue Management (RM) in the airline industry is the practise of selling fixed capacity as a service over a finite time horizon. The market is characterised by the customers’ willingness to pay different prices for the service. This creates the opportunity to target different customer segments and use price differential to attain the optimal passenger fare mix to maximise revenue. The aim is to maximise revenue and an airline can expect revenue increase of between 3 to 7 percent with the successful implementation of a Revenue Management system. The question of whether the revenue increase can be attributed to the RMS is crucial in determining its level of success and validating the optimisation strategy applied (Rannou and Melli, 2003). South African Airways (SAA) migration from Leg-based optimisation to Origin-Destination (O&D) network based revenue management optimisation created the opportunity for this study to measure and evaluate the RMS performance. Revenue performance measuring tools using inventory systems data to measure RMS performance, ASK (Available Seat Kilometre), RASK (Revenue per Available Seat Kilometre), CASK (Cost per Available Seat Kilometre), RPK (Revenue Passenger Kilometre) and cabin factor yield. The limitations relating to the performance measuring tools utilising inventory system data, is the inability for continuous measurement and the isolation of the impact to revenue due to the RMS on its own. In seeking to gauge the performance of the O&D optimisation, the Revenue Opportunity Model (ROM) is applied. ROM is a post departure measuring tool utilised to continuously measure and isolate the contribution of the RMS on SAA’s O&D network. The revenue opportunity achieved versus the potential revenue was assessed. A revenue comparison of the airlines 2014 and 2015 financial year is performed. The results of the analysis showed the O&D optimisation yielded positive revenue capture on routes that applied the correct optimisation strategy. Recommendations on the optimisation strategy to be applied on routes having average or low revenues captured are presented. The aim is to provide the SAA revenue management department with tangible solutions that would result in increased revenue for the SAA network.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Githiri, Duncan Wanjau
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Revenue management , Airlines Finance , Performance Measurement , Airlines Rates Mathematical models , South African Airways
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59188 , vital:27455
- Description: Revenue Management (RM) in the airline industry is the practise of selling fixed capacity as a service over a finite time horizon. The market is characterised by the customers’ willingness to pay different prices for the service. This creates the opportunity to target different customer segments and use price differential to attain the optimal passenger fare mix to maximise revenue. The aim is to maximise revenue and an airline can expect revenue increase of between 3 to 7 percent with the successful implementation of a Revenue Management system. The question of whether the revenue increase can be attributed to the RMS is crucial in determining its level of success and validating the optimisation strategy applied (Rannou and Melli, 2003). South African Airways (SAA) migration from Leg-based optimisation to Origin-Destination (O&D) network based revenue management optimisation created the opportunity for this study to measure and evaluate the RMS performance. Revenue performance measuring tools using inventory systems data to measure RMS performance, ASK (Available Seat Kilometre), RASK (Revenue per Available Seat Kilometre), CASK (Cost per Available Seat Kilometre), RPK (Revenue Passenger Kilometre) and cabin factor yield. The limitations relating to the performance measuring tools utilising inventory system data, is the inability for continuous measurement and the isolation of the impact to revenue due to the RMS on its own. In seeking to gauge the performance of the O&D optimisation, the Revenue Opportunity Model (ROM) is applied. ROM is a post departure measuring tool utilised to continuously measure and isolate the contribution of the RMS on SAA’s O&D network. The revenue opportunity achieved versus the potential revenue was assessed. A revenue comparison of the airlines 2014 and 2015 financial year is performed. The results of the analysis showed the O&D optimisation yielded positive revenue capture on routes that applied the correct optimisation strategy. Recommendations on the optimisation strategy to be applied on routes having average or low revenues captured are presented. The aim is to provide the SAA revenue management department with tangible solutions that would result in increased revenue for the SAA network.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
An analysis of organisational culture in a restaurant in Grahamstown, South Africa
- Authors: Kamona, Oabona Bonnie
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Corporate culture -- Case studies , Corporate culture -- South Africa -- Makhanda -- Case studies , Restaurants-- South Africa -- Makhanda -- Management , Saints Bistro (Makhanda, South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/8178 , vital:21363
- Description: This study investigates organisational culture and shared values that currently exist at Saint’s Bistro in Grahamstown along with the desired organisational culture and desired values. In particular it explores possible discrepancies between the two using the reliable and valid Competing Values Framework (CVF) and its matched scale, the Organisational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) and the Shared Values Survey. McDonald and Gandz (1992: 64-67) discovered 24 shared values that correlate with modern business and where each value ties in with one of the four quadrants of the CVF. The researcher found a study conducted by Burchell and Saele (2011: 512) which is a cultural study based on the CVF working in conjunction with shared values survey to analyse a situation and it presented an improved means of investigating culture and values related facets within an organisation. The aim of this study is to examine the existing culture and subsequently make recommendations that can create alignment between what is currently experienced and what is desired in the organisation, if it is found that misalignment exists. This research presents a study using a paper based survey conducted in a restaurant in Grahamstown, South Africa. The results are based on the use of the OCAI in conjunction with organisational shared values profiles. The study revealed that there is no significant gap between the current organisational culture and the desired organisational culture within the organisation. Due to these findings, the research established that a structured strategy for maintaining the organisational culture should be developed in order to sustain the existing organisational culture that can be used when recruiting and on-boarding new employees in the future. The research is significant in that it highlighted a link between the competing values framework and the shared values survey and this will contribute to the effective analysis of organisational culture in future culture research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Kamona, Oabona Bonnie
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Corporate culture -- Case studies , Corporate culture -- South Africa -- Makhanda -- Case studies , Restaurants-- South Africa -- Makhanda -- Management , Saints Bistro (Makhanda, South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/8178 , vital:21363
- Description: This study investigates organisational culture and shared values that currently exist at Saint’s Bistro in Grahamstown along with the desired organisational culture and desired values. In particular it explores possible discrepancies between the two using the reliable and valid Competing Values Framework (CVF) and its matched scale, the Organisational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) and the Shared Values Survey. McDonald and Gandz (1992: 64-67) discovered 24 shared values that correlate with modern business and where each value ties in with one of the four quadrants of the CVF. The researcher found a study conducted by Burchell and Saele (2011: 512) which is a cultural study based on the CVF working in conjunction with shared values survey to analyse a situation and it presented an improved means of investigating culture and values related facets within an organisation. The aim of this study is to examine the existing culture and subsequently make recommendations that can create alignment between what is currently experienced and what is desired in the organisation, if it is found that misalignment exists. This research presents a study using a paper based survey conducted in a restaurant in Grahamstown, South Africa. The results are based on the use of the OCAI in conjunction with organisational shared values profiles. The study revealed that there is no significant gap between the current organisational culture and the desired organisational culture within the organisation. Due to these findings, the research established that a structured strategy for maintaining the organisational culture should be developed in order to sustain the existing organisational culture that can be used when recruiting and on-boarding new employees in the future. The research is significant in that it highlighted a link between the competing values framework and the shared values survey and this will contribute to the effective analysis of organisational culture in future culture research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
An analysis of the effect that integrated reporting has had on the description of the strategy and strategic planning process in the banking sector in South Africa
- Authors: Musuwo, Getrude Tafadzwa
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/40990 , vital:25045
- Description: The study was carried out in order to analyse the effect which the requirement for integrated reporting has had on the description of strategy and strategic planning processes of three South African Banks during the three-year period between 2012 and 2014. The study was conducted in three Johannesburg Stock Exchange listed Banks namely Barclays Bank, Capitec Bank and Standard Bank and focused on their integrated reports for 2012 to 2014. The objectives of the study were to analyse the change in the scope of the depth of reporting on strategy, analyse the evolution of the strategic planning process, compare and contrast the banks’ nature, scope and depth of reporting and establish how the requirement for integrated reporting has impacted on the strategic planning processes in the banks. The study was carried out as a content analysis of the integrated reports of the three banks. The sample for the study consisted for the 9 integrated reports issued by the three banks in the period from 2012 to 2014. There was an increasing trend in the prominence of reporting on strategy by the C.E.Os and chairmen of the companies in the integrated reports. All the companies exhibited an increase in the depth of their reporting on strategy in their overall integrated reports. There is a general increase in the depth of reporting on value creation in the integrated reports. From discussing their business models to some extent in 2012 and 2013, all integrated reports reported on strategy to a large extent in 2014. The study concluded that the scope and depth of reporting on strategy was growing. The study also concluded that strategic planning processes had been transformed due to the requirement for integrated reporting. It was also concluded that Standard Bank had the greatest focus on strategy. Further studies may focus beyond strategy and explore the extent to which companies are implementing non-financial measures in their integrated reporting.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Musuwo, Getrude Tafadzwa
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/40990 , vital:25045
- Description: The study was carried out in order to analyse the effect which the requirement for integrated reporting has had on the description of strategy and strategic planning processes of three South African Banks during the three-year period between 2012 and 2014. The study was conducted in three Johannesburg Stock Exchange listed Banks namely Barclays Bank, Capitec Bank and Standard Bank and focused on their integrated reports for 2012 to 2014. The objectives of the study were to analyse the change in the scope of the depth of reporting on strategy, analyse the evolution of the strategic planning process, compare and contrast the banks’ nature, scope and depth of reporting and establish how the requirement for integrated reporting has impacted on the strategic planning processes in the banks. The study was carried out as a content analysis of the integrated reports of the three banks. The sample for the study consisted for the 9 integrated reports issued by the three banks in the period from 2012 to 2014. There was an increasing trend in the prominence of reporting on strategy by the C.E.Os and chairmen of the companies in the integrated reports. All the companies exhibited an increase in the depth of their reporting on strategy in their overall integrated reports. There is a general increase in the depth of reporting on value creation in the integrated reports. From discussing their business models to some extent in 2012 and 2013, all integrated reports reported on strategy to a large extent in 2014. The study concluded that the scope and depth of reporting on strategy was growing. The study also concluded that strategic planning processes had been transformed due to the requirement for integrated reporting. It was also concluded that Standard Bank had the greatest focus on strategy. Further studies may focus beyond strategy and explore the extent to which companies are implementing non-financial measures in their integrated reporting.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
An evaluation of clinical governance within a private radiology organisation in Durban KwaZulu-Natal
- Wedderburn-Maxwell, Morgan Keir
- Authors: Wedderburn-Maxwell, Morgan Keir
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/40884 , vital:25036
- Description: South African health care organisations are required to adhere to the National Health Act, 61 of 2003 which contains the national core standards. Clinical governance is a key domain within the national core standards and is directly involved with a health care organisation’s ability to deliver quality care services. It can be described as a framework that ensures doctors and health care employees collaborate to provide superior quality health care services and create clinical accountability. The aim of this research was to evaluate the role of clinical governance within a private radiology organisation in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). The goals of this research was to identify and explore the challenges that are associated with clinical governance within a private health care organisation in Durban, KZN. Furthermore, to evaluate the importance and implications of clinical governance for a private radiology organisation in Durban, KZN. The objectives of this research was to investigate how the private radiology organisation is managing clinical governance and to identify whether there is a common understanding of the concept among its members. The research adopted a qualitative approach where semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain the data that enabled the goals and objectives of this research to be attained. The results indicated that clinical governance is a key factor to the private radiology organisations long-term sustainability. Clinical governance is vital for health care organisations to deliver quality health care services. The private radiology organisation places a significant emphasis among its members to deliver superior quality health care services. As a result, the organisation utilises the key elements within the clinical governance framework to continuously increase the quality of care that it provides and abide to the legally binding standards. The results support the notion that there is a need for the clarity of the definition, roles and responsibilities of clinical governance. The findings of this research suggest that further research is required to identify the contribution that clinical governance makes to improving the quality of care within South African health care organisations. Furthermore, research identifying employees’ perceptions of clinical governance within the private health care sector in South Africa is recommended.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
An evaluation of clinical governance within a private radiology organisation in Durban KwaZulu-Natal
- Authors: Wedderburn-Maxwell, Morgan Keir
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/40884 , vital:25036
- Description: South African health care organisations are required to adhere to the National Health Act, 61 of 2003 which contains the national core standards. Clinical governance is a key domain within the national core standards and is directly involved with a health care organisation’s ability to deliver quality care services. It can be described as a framework that ensures doctors and health care employees collaborate to provide superior quality health care services and create clinical accountability. The aim of this research was to evaluate the role of clinical governance within a private radiology organisation in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). The goals of this research was to identify and explore the challenges that are associated with clinical governance within a private health care organisation in Durban, KZN. Furthermore, to evaluate the importance and implications of clinical governance for a private radiology organisation in Durban, KZN. The objectives of this research was to investigate how the private radiology organisation is managing clinical governance and to identify whether there is a common understanding of the concept among its members. The research adopted a qualitative approach where semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain the data that enabled the goals and objectives of this research to be attained. The results indicated that clinical governance is a key factor to the private radiology organisations long-term sustainability. Clinical governance is vital for health care organisations to deliver quality health care services. The private radiology organisation places a significant emphasis among its members to deliver superior quality health care services. As a result, the organisation utilises the key elements within the clinical governance framework to continuously increase the quality of care that it provides and abide to the legally binding standards. The results support the notion that there is a need for the clarity of the definition, roles and responsibilities of clinical governance. The findings of this research suggest that further research is required to identify the contribution that clinical governance makes to improving the quality of care within South African health care organisations. Furthermore, research identifying employees’ perceptions of clinical governance within the private health care sector in South Africa is recommended.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
An exploration of employee readiness for change at Walter Sisulu University
- Authors: Mpepo, Bulelwa N
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Walter Sisulu University for Technology & Science -- Employees -- Attitudes , Education, Higher -- South Africa -- Case studies , Educational change -- South Africa -- Case studies , Organizational change -- South Africa -- Case studies , Programme and qualification mix
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4455 , vital:20673
- Description: Higher education institutions are faced with pressure to change to meet academic as well as socio-economic needs. These changes are often aimed at achieving financial viability, increased institutional efficiency, and solving problems of fragmentation in the university. Universities can change in their structure, operations, systems, or and in the use or adoption of technology. The effective implementation and management of these requisite changes is the key challenge to organisations facing change. Walter Sisulu University, a comprehensive university in the Eastern Cape, has formulated a strategy to turn the university around. Included in the strategy is a project on the academic enterprise. The level of readiness for change is viewed to be a determining factor in making any change successful. Since readiness is not automatic, there is a need to prepare individuals to have a positive attitude towards the change and to embrace the proposed change initiative. This study is informed by the quest to know what will encourage and prepare employees for the implementation of the new Programme and Qualification Mix (PQM) at the University. The study therefore sought as its main purpose to explore factors influencing individual readiness for change in the PQM at Walter Sisulu University. A qualitative approach was adopted in the study. Models of change readiness were reviewed to identify themes that would be used to explore the levels of readiness amongst university academic employees who were to implement the new Programme and Qualification Mix. Documents were analysed to understand the change in PQM and face-to-face, semi-structured interviews held to solicit the views of academic employees regarding enablers or inhibiters of their readiness. Results highlighted the poor preparation of academic employees at Walter Sisulu University to support and implement the change. Key concerns of employees included dissatisfaction with the inadequate and inappropriate communication strategies, uncertainty about the suitability of the changed PQM, doubt regarding leadership support for change, as well as the perceived risk of the change. However, the main enablers were the comprehension by WSU employees of the need for a new PQM to address the poor alignment with university vision and HEQSF requirements, an appreciation of the lack of social relevance of the programmes, and confidence that they have the requisite skills and qualifications. The perceived benefits for the institution provided the needed spur for embracing the new PQM.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mpepo, Bulelwa N
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Walter Sisulu University for Technology & Science -- Employees -- Attitudes , Education, Higher -- South Africa -- Case studies , Educational change -- South Africa -- Case studies , Organizational change -- South Africa -- Case studies , Programme and qualification mix
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4455 , vital:20673
- Description: Higher education institutions are faced with pressure to change to meet academic as well as socio-economic needs. These changes are often aimed at achieving financial viability, increased institutional efficiency, and solving problems of fragmentation in the university. Universities can change in their structure, operations, systems, or and in the use or adoption of technology. The effective implementation and management of these requisite changes is the key challenge to organisations facing change. Walter Sisulu University, a comprehensive university in the Eastern Cape, has formulated a strategy to turn the university around. Included in the strategy is a project on the academic enterprise. The level of readiness for change is viewed to be a determining factor in making any change successful. Since readiness is not automatic, there is a need to prepare individuals to have a positive attitude towards the change and to embrace the proposed change initiative. This study is informed by the quest to know what will encourage and prepare employees for the implementation of the new Programme and Qualification Mix (PQM) at the University. The study therefore sought as its main purpose to explore factors influencing individual readiness for change in the PQM at Walter Sisulu University. A qualitative approach was adopted in the study. Models of change readiness were reviewed to identify themes that would be used to explore the levels of readiness amongst university academic employees who were to implement the new Programme and Qualification Mix. Documents were analysed to understand the change in PQM and face-to-face, semi-structured interviews held to solicit the views of academic employees regarding enablers or inhibiters of their readiness. Results highlighted the poor preparation of academic employees at Walter Sisulu University to support and implement the change. Key concerns of employees included dissatisfaction with the inadequate and inappropriate communication strategies, uncertainty about the suitability of the changed PQM, doubt regarding leadership support for change, as well as the perceived risk of the change. However, the main enablers were the comprehension by WSU employees of the need for a new PQM to address the poor alignment with university vision and HEQSF requirements, an appreciation of the lack of social relevance of the programmes, and confidence that they have the requisite skills and qualifications. The perceived benefits for the institution provided the needed spur for embracing the new PQM.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
An investigation of the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and financial performance of companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) in South Africa
- Authors: Soko, Leon Lenny Kudzaishe
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7078 , vital:21215
- Description: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is an association between CSR and financial performance in South African companies which are listed on the FTSE/JSE SRI Index. Specifically, whether there is a difference in financial performance of companies that perform CSR activities, and those that do not. If so, which direction does this association have? The selection process of companies used in this study will now be explained step-bystep. The JSE SRI Index results show that there were 80 successful constituents as of February 2015 (JSE, 2015). These 80 companies are listed alphabetically in Appendix A, while the top 100 companies as ranked by Turnover are linked in Appendix B. Of these 100 companies, 67 were constituents of the JSE SRI Index continuously in 2015 and are shown in Appendix C. This leaves 33 companies in the top 100 which are not listed on the JSE SRI Index. Companies that were listed on the JSE SRI Index were assumed to be ‘good’ companies as the listing requirements included the performance of numerous CSR activities such as Employee development, environmental sustainability practices and stakeholder engagement. The financial performance of these 67 companies was compared to the financial performance of the 33 companies that were not listed on the JSE SRI Index which were included in the population sample of one hundred companies. Financial performance was measured using the ratios: Return on Assets and Return on Equity. The data analysis process used in this study was as follows: 1. The ratios for each company were obtained from the iNET (BFA) database, and annual and integrated reports for the period 2011 - 2015 (Appendix D;E;F). 2. The ratios for Non-SRI and SRI companies were then compared for each of the three ratios using a T-Test. The purpose of the T-Test was to show whether there is a difference in the ratios between SRI and Non-SRI companies on a year to year basis. The direction of the difference was shown by whether the SRI ratio was higher than or lower than the Non-SRI ratio. The results of this study do not seem to support any of the CSR theories, as the study concluded that there is no significant difference between the financial performance of companies that perform CSR activities and those that do not. This means that investing in CSR activities does not have a significant effect on the financial performance of a company.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Soko, Leon Lenny Kudzaishe
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7078 , vital:21215
- Description: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is an association between CSR and financial performance in South African companies which are listed on the FTSE/JSE SRI Index. Specifically, whether there is a difference in financial performance of companies that perform CSR activities, and those that do not. If so, which direction does this association have? The selection process of companies used in this study will now be explained step-bystep. The JSE SRI Index results show that there were 80 successful constituents as of February 2015 (JSE, 2015). These 80 companies are listed alphabetically in Appendix A, while the top 100 companies as ranked by Turnover are linked in Appendix B. Of these 100 companies, 67 were constituents of the JSE SRI Index continuously in 2015 and are shown in Appendix C. This leaves 33 companies in the top 100 which are not listed on the JSE SRI Index. Companies that were listed on the JSE SRI Index were assumed to be ‘good’ companies as the listing requirements included the performance of numerous CSR activities such as Employee development, environmental sustainability practices and stakeholder engagement. The financial performance of these 67 companies was compared to the financial performance of the 33 companies that were not listed on the JSE SRI Index which were included in the population sample of one hundred companies. Financial performance was measured using the ratios: Return on Assets and Return on Equity. The data analysis process used in this study was as follows: 1. The ratios for each company were obtained from the iNET (BFA) database, and annual and integrated reports for the period 2011 - 2015 (Appendix D;E;F). 2. The ratios for Non-SRI and SRI companies were then compared for each of the three ratios using a T-Test. The purpose of the T-Test was to show whether there is a difference in the ratios between SRI and Non-SRI companies on a year to year basis. The direction of the difference was shown by whether the SRI ratio was higher than or lower than the Non-SRI ratio. The results of this study do not seem to support any of the CSR theories, as the study concluded that there is no significant difference between the financial performance of companies that perform CSR activities and those that do not. This means that investing in CSR activities does not have a significant effect on the financial performance of a company.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Analysis of the Corporate Social Investment motives and benefits behind the sponsors’ involvement with Parkrun South Africa
- Authors: Fordyce, Jonathan
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Parkrun (Organization) , Parkrun (SA) , Blue Label Telecoms (Firm) , Dis-Chem (Firm) , Discovery Vitality (Firm) , Investments -- Moral and ethical aspects -- South Africa , Sports sponsorship -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5388 , vital:20919
- Description: This study is a qualitative investigation into the area of Corporate Social Investment (CSI) of non-profit organisations (NPOs). The focus of the study is on the non-profit organisation Parkrun South Africa (Parkrun SA) and its three major sponsors, namely Blue Label Telecoms, Discovery Vitality and Dis-Chem Pharmacies. The research analyses and subsequently posits the various benefits and motivations of the sponsors’ CSI initiative with Parkrun SA. Semi-structured, one-on-one interviews were carried out with the three sponsors to establish these benefits and motivations. The interviewees were selected based on their involvement and influence in establishing and governing their organisations’ CSI initiative with Parkrun SA. The research compared the benefits and motivations, highlighted by the sponsors during the interviews, to the current body of knowledge and literature on CSI. From the interviews it became evident that the benefits and motivations, pertaining to each sponsor, are well aligned to the current literature on CSI benefits and motivations. The benefits and motivations of the three organisations were also deemed very similar. Upon evaluation of the research, it became evident that the most essential motivator for all three sponsoring organisations is commercial. Key to all the sponsoring organisations involvement with Parkrun SA, is the potential return on investment through the various commercial aspects of being associated with such an initiative. Branding was the biggest benefit named by all three sponsoring organisations, however, creating a healthy society emerged as a major benefit too. It can be argued that health has become a major benefit for the sponsors because of the success and exponential growth of Parkrun SA. This growth has captured a large audience and in so doing, created major health benefits for the vast array of participants. Finally, through the data collection and analysis it became clear that the sponsors all view their CSI initiative with Parkrun SA as a major success. It is however, recommended that Parkrun SA start to grow their organisation to match the sustained growth seen in the country. There is a need to expand the organisation in terms of employees and transparent corporate reporting to deal with this growth and keep the sponsors satisfied while also keeping additional sponsors fascinated.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Fordyce, Jonathan
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Parkrun (Organization) , Parkrun (SA) , Blue Label Telecoms (Firm) , Dis-Chem (Firm) , Discovery Vitality (Firm) , Investments -- Moral and ethical aspects -- South Africa , Sports sponsorship -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5388 , vital:20919
- Description: This study is a qualitative investigation into the area of Corporate Social Investment (CSI) of non-profit organisations (NPOs). The focus of the study is on the non-profit organisation Parkrun South Africa (Parkrun SA) and its three major sponsors, namely Blue Label Telecoms, Discovery Vitality and Dis-Chem Pharmacies. The research analyses and subsequently posits the various benefits and motivations of the sponsors’ CSI initiative with Parkrun SA. Semi-structured, one-on-one interviews were carried out with the three sponsors to establish these benefits and motivations. The interviewees were selected based on their involvement and influence in establishing and governing their organisations’ CSI initiative with Parkrun SA. The research compared the benefits and motivations, highlighted by the sponsors during the interviews, to the current body of knowledge and literature on CSI. From the interviews it became evident that the benefits and motivations, pertaining to each sponsor, are well aligned to the current literature on CSI benefits and motivations. The benefits and motivations of the three organisations were also deemed very similar. Upon evaluation of the research, it became evident that the most essential motivator for all three sponsoring organisations is commercial. Key to all the sponsoring organisations involvement with Parkrun SA, is the potential return on investment through the various commercial aspects of being associated with such an initiative. Branding was the biggest benefit named by all three sponsoring organisations, however, creating a healthy society emerged as a major benefit too. It can be argued that health has become a major benefit for the sponsors because of the success and exponential growth of Parkrun SA. This growth has captured a large audience and in so doing, created major health benefits for the vast array of participants. Finally, through the data collection and analysis it became clear that the sponsors all view their CSI initiative with Parkrun SA as a major success. It is however, recommended that Parkrun SA start to grow their organisation to match the sustained growth seen in the country. There is a need to expand the organisation in terms of employees and transparent corporate reporting to deal with this growth and keep the sponsors satisfied while also keeping additional sponsors fascinated.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Assessing the organisational maturity level of Rhodes Music Radio with the introduction of social media
- Authors: Gavaza, Mudiwa Artwell
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Rhodes Music Radio , Rhodes Music Radio -- Marketing , Rhodes Music Radio -- Management , Community radio -- South Africa -- Makhanda , Social media -- Marketing -- South Africa -- Makhanda
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6269 , vital:21076
- Description: This research seeks to evaluate the organisational maturity of Rhodes Music Radio as it relates to its use of social media. The research takes place within the context of Rhodes Music Radio (RMR) which is a community radio station operating in Grahamstown, South Africa. The station serves the Grahamstown community as a whole, with core listenership coming from the Rhodes University population. RMR has its base on the Rhodes University campus. The contribution of this study is the development of a Social Media Maturity Model which was used to assess the organisational maturity of Rhodes Music Radio with respect to its use of social media. As with other media organisations around the world, social media has become a major factor within the normal operations and functions of RMR. There is much research that has been done about the use of social media as a tool for marketing and branding in business. This tends to be the typical focus of research efforts. Though RMR makes use of social media as a marketing tool, media organisations have gone beyond this one dimensional approach in using social media. Social networking online has become a source of news and trends for organisations within the media space. For an organisation like RMR, social media is used in some way by departments such as Communication, Marketing and Branding, Production, Programming, Music, Technical; together with the presenters and producers who are hosting shows on a daily basis. Bearing the above in mind, this study aims to assess the level of maturity that RMR has as an organisation with use of social media. The goal is to find out how integrated and what systems the station has as a whole to make effective use of social media across the various departments which then helps to make a judgement on the station as a whole. This research has its literature base in the knowledge area of change management and operational excellence. Organisational maturity exists within the broad knowledge area of change management. It provides the theoretical basis upon which to gauge the maturity of RMR in relation to its social media use. Operational excellence provides a basis upon which to judge the quality of RMR’s product which speaks to how well integrated and effective the station is with its use of social media. The method of research was an evaluation that used 2 types of data, making use of both document analysis and interviews as sources of information. This information is then analysed using the Social Media Maturity Model developed specifically for this research from similar organisational maturity models used in other industries such as general management and supply chain management. This model assesses the maturity of the station by first assessing the maturity of the various departments that make up the operations of RMR and then comes up with an aggregate maturity level for the whole organisation. The conclusion of this study is that Rhodes Music Radio is quite mature in terms of its social media use but not yet fully networked. According to the model, the station is described as having a “Community” or “Linked” social media use. On the model, this is Stage 3 out of 5 in terms of maturity. Recommendations given to RMR to further increase this maturity level are for staff members more involved in the social media of the station by following the various RMR accounts and engaging with listeners and other staff members on these platforms. RMR staff need to be trained on the importance of social media and how to use it. The station needs to find a way to convert its social media following into listeners of its broadcast programming. Finally, the station needs to finalise and endorse its Social Media Policy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Gavaza, Mudiwa Artwell
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Rhodes Music Radio , Rhodes Music Radio -- Marketing , Rhodes Music Radio -- Management , Community radio -- South Africa -- Makhanda , Social media -- Marketing -- South Africa -- Makhanda
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6269 , vital:21076
- Description: This research seeks to evaluate the organisational maturity of Rhodes Music Radio as it relates to its use of social media. The research takes place within the context of Rhodes Music Radio (RMR) which is a community radio station operating in Grahamstown, South Africa. The station serves the Grahamstown community as a whole, with core listenership coming from the Rhodes University population. RMR has its base on the Rhodes University campus. The contribution of this study is the development of a Social Media Maturity Model which was used to assess the organisational maturity of Rhodes Music Radio with respect to its use of social media. As with other media organisations around the world, social media has become a major factor within the normal operations and functions of RMR. There is much research that has been done about the use of social media as a tool for marketing and branding in business. This tends to be the typical focus of research efforts. Though RMR makes use of social media as a marketing tool, media organisations have gone beyond this one dimensional approach in using social media. Social networking online has become a source of news and trends for organisations within the media space. For an organisation like RMR, social media is used in some way by departments such as Communication, Marketing and Branding, Production, Programming, Music, Technical; together with the presenters and producers who are hosting shows on a daily basis. Bearing the above in mind, this study aims to assess the level of maturity that RMR has as an organisation with use of social media. The goal is to find out how integrated and what systems the station has as a whole to make effective use of social media across the various departments which then helps to make a judgement on the station as a whole. This research has its literature base in the knowledge area of change management and operational excellence. Organisational maturity exists within the broad knowledge area of change management. It provides the theoretical basis upon which to gauge the maturity of RMR in relation to its social media use. Operational excellence provides a basis upon which to judge the quality of RMR’s product which speaks to how well integrated and effective the station is with its use of social media. The method of research was an evaluation that used 2 types of data, making use of both document analysis and interviews as sources of information. This information is then analysed using the Social Media Maturity Model developed specifically for this research from similar organisational maturity models used in other industries such as general management and supply chain management. This model assesses the maturity of the station by first assessing the maturity of the various departments that make up the operations of RMR and then comes up with an aggregate maturity level for the whole organisation. The conclusion of this study is that Rhodes Music Radio is quite mature in terms of its social media use but not yet fully networked. According to the model, the station is described as having a “Community” or “Linked” social media use. On the model, this is Stage 3 out of 5 in terms of maturity. Recommendations given to RMR to further increase this maturity level are for staff members more involved in the social media of the station by following the various RMR accounts and engaging with listeners and other staff members on these platforms. RMR staff need to be trained on the importance of social media and how to use it. The station needs to find a way to convert its social media following into listeners of its broadcast programming. Finally, the station needs to finalise and endorse its Social Media Policy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Drivers of sustainability disclosure in Liberty Holdings
- Authors: Chembeya, Edina Matamba
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Liberty Holdings Limited (Firm) , Insurance companies -- South Africa -- Management , Risk management -- South Africa -- Case studies , Stakeholder management -- South Africa -- Case studies , Corporate culture -- South Africa -- Case studies , Product management -- South Africa -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5579 , vital:20943
- Description: This research assesses the drivers of sustainability disclosure in Liberty Holdings. The relevance of reporting on sustainability is growing for both listed and non-listed companies in South Africa. However, many companies many companies still coming to terms with reporting process, although others are doing exceptionally well. Liberty Holdings is one of the insurance organisations that has continuously improved their sustainability reporting and disclosure of their sustainability issues, in a sector that previously perceived such concerns as low on their agenda, due to the perception that they had a low impact on the sector. The research findings reveal that the process of sustainability disclosure in Liberty Holdings is driven by several elements that are strategically linked and are aligned to the core strategy of the organisation. The findings also indicate that in order to understand and implement viable sustainability processes, the processes must be embedded in a well-informed sustainability strategy that is aligned with this core strategy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Chembeya, Edina Matamba
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Liberty Holdings Limited (Firm) , Insurance companies -- South Africa -- Management , Risk management -- South Africa -- Case studies , Stakeholder management -- South Africa -- Case studies , Corporate culture -- South Africa -- Case studies , Product management -- South Africa -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5579 , vital:20943
- Description: This research assesses the drivers of sustainability disclosure in Liberty Holdings. The relevance of reporting on sustainability is growing for both listed and non-listed companies in South Africa. However, many companies many companies still coming to terms with reporting process, although others are doing exceptionally well. Liberty Holdings is one of the insurance organisations that has continuously improved their sustainability reporting and disclosure of their sustainability issues, in a sector that previously perceived such concerns as low on their agenda, due to the perception that they had a low impact on the sector. The research findings reveal that the process of sustainability disclosure in Liberty Holdings is driven by several elements that are strategically linked and are aligned to the core strategy of the organisation. The findings also indicate that in order to understand and implement viable sustainability processes, the processes must be embedded in a well-informed sustainability strategy that is aligned with this core strategy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Evaluating the impact of responsible investing strategies on fund performance
- Authors: Ntuli, Thulani
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7067 , vital:21214
- Description: Several studies have been undertaken to evaluate performance of responsible investments, that is, funds that integrate ethical as well as environmental, social and governance considerations in the investment process (ESG). Particularly to address the question whether it is possible for investors to do well while doing good. Modern Portfolio Theory predicts sub-optimal performance for funds constructed on any basis other than risk-reward optimisation. These studies usually compare performance of responsible investments with conventional funds or an unrestricted benchmark portfolio. The findings have been contradictory and on the main inconclusive. Underlying this contradiction is the treatment of responsible investments funds as a homogenous group of funds and not acknowledging their heterogeneity owing to methods and strategies used to construct them. This study seeks to address this gap in the literature by investigating the impact of responsible investment strategies on fund performance. The performance of nine South African responsible investment funds constructed and manged using different responsible investing strategies are analysed over a five-year period from 01 October 2010 to 31 October 2015. Their performance is benchmarked against the JSE ALL Share Index (ALSI) and the FTES/JSE SRI index. Specifically, the average monthly returns, variability and Sharpe ratio of the constituent fund is used to compare performance. Moreover, the CAPM based Jensen alpha is used to determine any significant under or overperformance of respective funds relative to the benchmarks. The study found to be no difference in average monthly returns and risk relative to the two benchmark indices for all respective strategies. However, funds constructed using the negative screening strategy generally underperform. These funds overall deliver a statistically significant lower alpha. It is concluded that this RI investing strategy is not suitable for investors concerned about a trade-off between fund performance and ESG performance.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Ntuli, Thulani
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7067 , vital:21214
- Description: Several studies have been undertaken to evaluate performance of responsible investments, that is, funds that integrate ethical as well as environmental, social and governance considerations in the investment process (ESG). Particularly to address the question whether it is possible for investors to do well while doing good. Modern Portfolio Theory predicts sub-optimal performance for funds constructed on any basis other than risk-reward optimisation. These studies usually compare performance of responsible investments with conventional funds or an unrestricted benchmark portfolio. The findings have been contradictory and on the main inconclusive. Underlying this contradiction is the treatment of responsible investments funds as a homogenous group of funds and not acknowledging their heterogeneity owing to methods and strategies used to construct them. This study seeks to address this gap in the literature by investigating the impact of responsible investment strategies on fund performance. The performance of nine South African responsible investment funds constructed and manged using different responsible investing strategies are analysed over a five-year period from 01 October 2010 to 31 October 2015. Their performance is benchmarked against the JSE ALL Share Index (ALSI) and the FTES/JSE SRI index. Specifically, the average monthly returns, variability and Sharpe ratio of the constituent fund is used to compare performance. Moreover, the CAPM based Jensen alpha is used to determine any significant under or overperformance of respective funds relative to the benchmarks. The study found to be no difference in average monthly returns and risk relative to the two benchmark indices for all respective strategies. However, funds constructed using the negative screening strategy generally underperform. These funds overall deliver a statistically significant lower alpha. It is concluded that this RI investing strategy is not suitable for investors concerned about a trade-off between fund performance and ESG performance.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Evaluating the share performance of socially responsible investment on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange
- Authors: Cormack, Bradley Alexander
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Investments -- Moral and ethical aspects -- South Africa , Johannesburg Stock Exchange , Social responsibility of business -- Standards , Social responsiblity of business -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/36251 , vital:24532
- Description: Socially responsible investing (SRI) integrates environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues into the investment decision-making process. Growing ESG concerns and the uncovering of corporate scandals have catalysed the substantial growth in SRI portfolios worldwide. Notwithstanding its increasing popularity, barriers to further SRI growth have been identified. Traditional investing practices suggest that theoretically, SRI may underperform conventional investment strategies. However, despite the vast amount of literature on SRI, empirical studies have yielded a mixture of results regarding fund performance. The JSE SRI Index was launched in 2004 to promote transparent business practices. It was discontinued at the end of 2015 succeeded by a new Responsible Investment Index established by the JSE in association with FTSE Russell. The aim of the research was to evaluate the share performance of the JSE SRI Index from 2004-2015. Additionally, the indices were categorised by environmental impact to further analyse disparity among share returns. The study was also divided into two sub-periods, 2004-2009 and 2010-2015, with the latter following the endorsement of integrated reporting by the King III Code as a listing requirement in 2010. A single-factor Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) was used to assess differences in risk-adjusted returns. Engle-Granger and Johansen tests were employed to explore the possibility of a cointegrating relationship between the indices. No significant difference between returns was observed for 2004-2009, with the SRI Index exhibiting statistically significant inferior risk-adjusted returns for the latter half of the study. Overall, a significant difference between share returns was found, with CAPM results suggesting that the JSE SRI Index underperformed the All Share Index by -2.33% per annum throughout the time span of the study. Engle-Granger and Johansen test results indicated the existence of a cointegrating relationship over the first half of the study. However, there was no cointegration between the two indices for 2004-2015, which may be attributed to no significant relationship found for the latter years. Results support the notion that investors pay the price to invest ethically on the JSE. Inferior risk-adjusted returns associated with SRI may be a major barrier to its development in South African markets.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Cormack, Bradley Alexander
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Investments -- Moral and ethical aspects -- South Africa , Johannesburg Stock Exchange , Social responsibility of business -- Standards , Social responsiblity of business -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/36251 , vital:24532
- Description: Socially responsible investing (SRI) integrates environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues into the investment decision-making process. Growing ESG concerns and the uncovering of corporate scandals have catalysed the substantial growth in SRI portfolios worldwide. Notwithstanding its increasing popularity, barriers to further SRI growth have been identified. Traditional investing practices suggest that theoretically, SRI may underperform conventional investment strategies. However, despite the vast amount of literature on SRI, empirical studies have yielded a mixture of results regarding fund performance. The JSE SRI Index was launched in 2004 to promote transparent business practices. It was discontinued at the end of 2015 succeeded by a new Responsible Investment Index established by the JSE in association with FTSE Russell. The aim of the research was to evaluate the share performance of the JSE SRI Index from 2004-2015. Additionally, the indices were categorised by environmental impact to further analyse disparity among share returns. The study was also divided into two sub-periods, 2004-2009 and 2010-2015, with the latter following the endorsement of integrated reporting by the King III Code as a listing requirement in 2010. A single-factor Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) was used to assess differences in risk-adjusted returns. Engle-Granger and Johansen tests were employed to explore the possibility of a cointegrating relationship between the indices. No significant difference between returns was observed for 2004-2009, with the SRI Index exhibiting statistically significant inferior risk-adjusted returns for the latter half of the study. Overall, a significant difference between share returns was found, with CAPM results suggesting that the JSE SRI Index underperformed the All Share Index by -2.33% per annum throughout the time span of the study. Engle-Granger and Johansen test results indicated the existence of a cointegrating relationship over the first half of the study. However, there was no cointegration between the two indices for 2004-2015, which may be attributed to no significant relationship found for the latter years. Results support the notion that investors pay the price to invest ethically on the JSE. Inferior risk-adjusted returns associated with SRI may be a major barrier to its development in South African markets.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Exploring the relationship between job satisfaction (as measured by the JDI) and sales executive performance at a private South African Motor Retail Group
- Authors: McNaughton, Peter
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Job satisfaction -- South Africa -- Case studies , Employee attitude surveys -- South Africa , Kelston Motor Group (South Africa) -- Employees -- Attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4466 , vital:20675
- Description: This study explores the relationship of job satisfaction as measured on the Job Descriptive Index with sales performance per individual, aimed at investigating the relationship between job satisfaction and a sales executive’s performance. The Kelston Motor group was nominated as the organisation which the study would be conducted on. The approach to this study was to provide a sound academic base followed by a quantitative analysis. The Job Descriptive Index (JDI) questionnaire was used to determine the sales executives’ current satisfaction levels and these where compared to the sales average gross profit incomes averaged out over a 6-month period. A sample of 34 sales executives employed by the Kelston Motor group were sent the JDI questionnaire. These individuals were selected based on the length of time they have worked for the organisation. Each sales executive was given a pseudonym to ensure anonymity. The various sales executives average monthly gross profit earnings over a 6-month period were linked to these pseudonyms. This information was then linked to each respondent’s questionnaire before sending the questionnaire via email. The results of this study show that job satisfaction played a fairly insignificant role on sales executives performance. It was, however, found that job satisfaction had a direct effect on activities such as staff turnover and absenteeism which does have a direct impact on sales executives performance.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: McNaughton, Peter
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Job satisfaction -- South Africa -- Case studies , Employee attitude surveys -- South Africa , Kelston Motor Group (South Africa) -- Employees -- Attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4466 , vital:20675
- Description: This study explores the relationship of job satisfaction as measured on the Job Descriptive Index with sales performance per individual, aimed at investigating the relationship between job satisfaction and a sales executive’s performance. The Kelston Motor group was nominated as the organisation which the study would be conducted on. The approach to this study was to provide a sound academic base followed by a quantitative analysis. The Job Descriptive Index (JDI) questionnaire was used to determine the sales executives’ current satisfaction levels and these where compared to the sales average gross profit incomes averaged out over a 6-month period. A sample of 34 sales executives employed by the Kelston Motor group were sent the JDI questionnaire. These individuals were selected based on the length of time they have worked for the organisation. Each sales executive was given a pseudonym to ensure anonymity. The various sales executives average monthly gross profit earnings over a 6-month period were linked to these pseudonyms. This information was then linked to each respondent’s questionnaire before sending the questionnaire via email. The results of this study show that job satisfaction played a fairly insignificant role on sales executives performance. It was, however, found that job satisfaction had a direct effect on activities such as staff turnover and absenteeism which does have a direct impact on sales executives performance.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Factors affecting the implementation of the Water Services Provision (WSP) strategy at Amathole District Municipality (ADM)
- Authors: Snombo, Kanyisa
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5533 , vital:20939
- Description: Amathole District Municipality (ADM) in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa changed its water service provision strategy in 2012 from decentralized to a centralized strategy as a way of trying to improve its water service delivery. Since this change, no study has been done to explore how the centralized water service strategy has so far been implemented at ADM. The aim of this exploratory qualitative study was to describe how ADM implemented its centralized water strategy and also assess the extent of alignment of strategy execution using Higgins’ (2005) 8 “S” model. Purposively, a total of five senior managers were identified and interviewed in East London as they were intimately involved in the daily operation of the water service provision over the years. Data gathered through audio recorded, in-depth and semi-structured interviews with each of the senior managers and also documented reports on Water Service Provision (WSP) were analyzed using thematic analysis into meaningful patterns reflecting each of the components of Higgins’ (2005) 8 “S” model. Findings of this qualitative study reveal that senior managers had different but complementary views of what strategy they were implementing at ADM. More importantly, the implementation of centralized water services provision model by ADM was characterized by deep and persistent vacancies of key technical but also managerial positions in the new structure. Furthermore while human and financial resources were inadequate to match with the depth and variety of changes necessary to have the requisite number of staff, ADM implemented the centralized water service strategy with poor skills mix which negatively impacted on quality of water service. While ADM had ten espoused shared values, none of these were commonly and widely shared by employees in their day-to-day world of work. Instead, employee’s behavior at ADM was practically shaped by the emergent values of cooperation, and employee care and recognition. Thus there was misalignment between espoused and practiced shared values. Furthermore there was also recurrent and deep misalignment between structure, staff, resources and water quality systems which compounded the difficulties experienced by ADM in pursuit of centralized water service provision. While the use of outsourced mechanical and electrical services was a remedy to staff shortages and the lack of skills mix, it ultimately further aggravated the financial challenges of ADM by draining more of the already limited financial resources. Recommendations for improving the implementation of centralized water service strategy and areas for further research are suggested.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Snombo, Kanyisa
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5533 , vital:20939
- Description: Amathole District Municipality (ADM) in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa changed its water service provision strategy in 2012 from decentralized to a centralized strategy as a way of trying to improve its water service delivery. Since this change, no study has been done to explore how the centralized water service strategy has so far been implemented at ADM. The aim of this exploratory qualitative study was to describe how ADM implemented its centralized water strategy and also assess the extent of alignment of strategy execution using Higgins’ (2005) 8 “S” model. Purposively, a total of five senior managers were identified and interviewed in East London as they were intimately involved in the daily operation of the water service provision over the years. Data gathered through audio recorded, in-depth and semi-structured interviews with each of the senior managers and also documented reports on Water Service Provision (WSP) were analyzed using thematic analysis into meaningful patterns reflecting each of the components of Higgins’ (2005) 8 “S” model. Findings of this qualitative study reveal that senior managers had different but complementary views of what strategy they were implementing at ADM. More importantly, the implementation of centralized water services provision model by ADM was characterized by deep and persistent vacancies of key technical but also managerial positions in the new structure. Furthermore while human and financial resources were inadequate to match with the depth and variety of changes necessary to have the requisite number of staff, ADM implemented the centralized water service strategy with poor skills mix which negatively impacted on quality of water service. While ADM had ten espoused shared values, none of these were commonly and widely shared by employees in their day-to-day world of work. Instead, employee’s behavior at ADM was practically shaped by the emergent values of cooperation, and employee care and recognition. Thus there was misalignment between espoused and practiced shared values. Furthermore there was also recurrent and deep misalignment between structure, staff, resources and water quality systems which compounded the difficulties experienced by ADM in pursuit of centralized water service provision. While the use of outsourced mechanical and electrical services was a remedy to staff shortages and the lack of skills mix, it ultimately further aggravated the financial challenges of ADM by draining more of the already limited financial resources. Recommendations for improving the implementation of centralized water service strategy and areas for further research are suggested.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Middle management communication in the midst of a crisis
- Authors: Mbolekwano, Veliswa A
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/52477 , vital:26194
- Description: Crisis communication by organisational top leadership to external stakeholders has been explored in literature, while internal crisis communication dynamics by middle managers with their employees within the organisation has been under studied. This paper pursues an understanding of crisis communication dynamics between middle management and their subordinates by investigating how the Middle Managers/Team Leaders of Makana Brick Manufacturing Firm (MBMF) communicated with their employees in the midst of the Eskom load shedding crisis in 2014. The investigation is not limited only to how they handled or made sense of the crisis, but also examines the effect and efficiency of their daily communication on both employees (subordinates) and operations in pursuing this end. As a foundation and background, the study broadly explores the literature on Crisis Leadership, Crisis and Crisis Communication, which are critical topics to understanding the communication role of the middle managers who were the primary subject of this research. The research was conducted through semi-structured, face-to-face interviews. Nine Team Leaders were interviewed. The data collected was transcribed verbatim and analysed through open coding. In the literature of crisis management, the concept of crisis communication has been extensively examined as a function of crisis management, primarily with regards to the crisis communication strategy, encompassing the actual verbal and nonverbal responses an organisation uses to address a crisis. The findings are generally congruent with the crisis communication literature, and reinforce the importance of efficient internal communication in building a culture of transparency between management and employees, as espoused in the literature reviewed, which in addition presents an invaluable opportunity for employees across all levels to engage in and be informed of the organisation’s priorities and therefore has the potential to dictate the success or failure of any major change or crisis situation. As such, it can be argued that there is a need for the same analytical rigour that is given to external crisis communication to be given to financial or operational measures (Barrett, 2002). For both external and internal stakeholders, human compassion, concern and empathy; faith in legitimate and appropriate actions taken by the chosen organisation spokesperson; and honesty, candidness and openness in communication (Seeger 2006, p. 242) are universal. The quality and the quantity of communication, essentially, affect the level of trust and involvement of employees (Thomas, Zolin & Hartman, 2009), which is particularly relevant in times of crisis (Mazzei & Ravazzani, 2015 p. 322). Trust must be developed with staff through clear, honest communication and transparent actions. These encompass being fair, open in communication and intentions, showing consistency, fulfilling promises and being honest about what middle managers can and cannot communicate to their employees (Farrel & Schlesinger, 2013, p. 125). In this study, face to face communication proved to be the most preferred communication channel because of its rewarding advantages such as direct feedback, two-way communication, relationship building and project collaboration.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mbolekwano, Veliswa A
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/52477 , vital:26194
- Description: Crisis communication by organisational top leadership to external stakeholders has been explored in literature, while internal crisis communication dynamics by middle managers with their employees within the organisation has been under studied. This paper pursues an understanding of crisis communication dynamics between middle management and their subordinates by investigating how the Middle Managers/Team Leaders of Makana Brick Manufacturing Firm (MBMF) communicated with their employees in the midst of the Eskom load shedding crisis in 2014. The investigation is not limited only to how they handled or made sense of the crisis, but also examines the effect and efficiency of their daily communication on both employees (subordinates) and operations in pursuing this end. As a foundation and background, the study broadly explores the literature on Crisis Leadership, Crisis and Crisis Communication, which are critical topics to understanding the communication role of the middle managers who were the primary subject of this research. The research was conducted through semi-structured, face-to-face interviews. Nine Team Leaders were interviewed. The data collected was transcribed verbatim and analysed through open coding. In the literature of crisis management, the concept of crisis communication has been extensively examined as a function of crisis management, primarily with regards to the crisis communication strategy, encompassing the actual verbal and nonverbal responses an organisation uses to address a crisis. The findings are generally congruent with the crisis communication literature, and reinforce the importance of efficient internal communication in building a culture of transparency between management and employees, as espoused in the literature reviewed, which in addition presents an invaluable opportunity for employees across all levels to engage in and be informed of the organisation’s priorities and therefore has the potential to dictate the success or failure of any major change or crisis situation. As such, it can be argued that there is a need for the same analytical rigour that is given to external crisis communication to be given to financial or operational measures (Barrett, 2002). For both external and internal stakeholders, human compassion, concern and empathy; faith in legitimate and appropriate actions taken by the chosen organisation spokesperson; and honesty, candidness and openness in communication (Seeger 2006, p. 242) are universal. The quality and the quantity of communication, essentially, affect the level of trust and involvement of employees (Thomas, Zolin & Hartman, 2009), which is particularly relevant in times of crisis (Mazzei & Ravazzani, 2015 p. 322). Trust must be developed with staff through clear, honest communication and transparent actions. These encompass being fair, open in communication and intentions, showing consistency, fulfilling promises and being honest about what middle managers can and cannot communicate to their employees (Farrel & Schlesinger, 2013, p. 125). In this study, face to face communication proved to be the most preferred communication channel because of its rewarding advantages such as direct feedback, two-way communication, relationship building and project collaboration.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Motives behind the implementation of renewable energy sources in South African businesses
- Authors: Smith, Brendon Michael
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7667 , vital:21283
- Description: There are numerous advantages and disadvantages for companies to implement renewable energy in South Africa. The motives (drivers or challenges) behind the decision to implement renewable energy resources or not is what this research will be addressing. Economic and environmental motives were the major motives behind implementing renewable energy sources in literature. The main objective for this research was to identify and describe the motives and challenges of implementing renewable energy sources in SA businesses, aligning these with sustainability pillars. The data collection method that was used in this research was documentation analysis and questionnaires. The companies that were chosen for this research were sampled from Kwa-Zulu Natal. Results showed that economic motives were the main decisions for companies implementing renewable energy or not, although there were also significant environmental and social motives that businesses need to consider. This research has provided an understanding of the motives that can have a positive or negative impact on companies who want to install renewable energy for their business.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Smith, Brendon Michael
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7667 , vital:21283
- Description: There are numerous advantages and disadvantages for companies to implement renewable energy in South Africa. The motives (drivers or challenges) behind the decision to implement renewable energy resources or not is what this research will be addressing. Economic and environmental motives were the major motives behind implementing renewable energy sources in literature. The main objective for this research was to identify and describe the motives and challenges of implementing renewable energy sources in SA businesses, aligning these with sustainability pillars. The data collection method that was used in this research was documentation analysis and questionnaires. The companies that were chosen for this research were sampled from Kwa-Zulu Natal. Results showed that economic motives were the main decisions for companies implementing renewable energy or not, although there were also significant environmental and social motives that businesses need to consider. This research has provided an understanding of the motives that can have a positive or negative impact on companies who want to install renewable energy for their business.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Sustainable tourism opportunities for Mauritius
- Authors: Ternel, Maeva
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6118 , vital:21046
- Description: Sustainable Tourism (ST) integrates governance, economic, socio-cultural and environmental dimensions of tourism in tourism development and management. Growing Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) concerns suggest that traditionally, tourism tends to corrupt the very resources it needs to thrive, and thus its sustainability over the long haul has become of general concern. However, despite the vast and extensive literature dedicated to ST, including preeminent journals providing both a theoretical base and reliable empirical evidence to the subject, the concept of sustainability in tourism remains somehow at its embryonic stage, especially in the case of a small island developing state (SIDS). The research occurred within the context of the destination (Mauritius), with however, a focus on five sizeable Mauritian hotel groups. With tourism being one of the pillars of the Mauritian economy, this research intended to explore the different repercussions of such an industry. The aim of the research was to determine to what extent tourism’s operations and development, was appropriately managed in Mauritius by assessing the country’s current tourism situation relating to sustainability and identifying priority areas for intervention. This, was done using different tools, including the United Nations World Tourism Organisation's framework, the Global Sustainable Tourism Council's guidelines and the Sustainable Tourism Attitude Scale. The contribution this research intended to make was to suggest sustainable tourism opportunities and make recommendations for the tourism sector and its stakeholders for the island of Mauritius. Overall, the research concluded that despite the increased importance of ST, the need for Managed Tourism (MT) and the formulation of general principles and guidelines, tourism governance; poverty reduction; and the sustainability of the natural and cultural environment were identified as areas of particular need and should be considered with high priority for intervention/action.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Ternel, Maeva
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6118 , vital:21046
- Description: Sustainable Tourism (ST) integrates governance, economic, socio-cultural and environmental dimensions of tourism in tourism development and management. Growing Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) concerns suggest that traditionally, tourism tends to corrupt the very resources it needs to thrive, and thus its sustainability over the long haul has become of general concern. However, despite the vast and extensive literature dedicated to ST, including preeminent journals providing both a theoretical base and reliable empirical evidence to the subject, the concept of sustainability in tourism remains somehow at its embryonic stage, especially in the case of a small island developing state (SIDS). The research occurred within the context of the destination (Mauritius), with however, a focus on five sizeable Mauritian hotel groups. With tourism being one of the pillars of the Mauritian economy, this research intended to explore the different repercussions of such an industry. The aim of the research was to determine to what extent tourism’s operations and development, was appropriately managed in Mauritius by assessing the country’s current tourism situation relating to sustainability and identifying priority areas for intervention. This, was done using different tools, including the United Nations World Tourism Organisation's framework, the Global Sustainable Tourism Council's guidelines and the Sustainable Tourism Attitude Scale. The contribution this research intended to make was to suggest sustainable tourism opportunities and make recommendations for the tourism sector and its stakeholders for the island of Mauritius. Overall, the research concluded that despite the increased importance of ST, the need for Managed Tourism (MT) and the formulation of general principles and guidelines, tourism governance; poverty reduction; and the sustainability of the natural and cultural environment were identified as areas of particular need and should be considered with high priority for intervention/action.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Talent management: a case study of Namibia’s Directorate of Civil Aviation (DCA) in securing talent for aviation safety, 2008 to 2014
- Authors: Simataa, George
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7131 , vital:21220
- Description: This study is about talent management, focusing on a case study of the initiatives undertaken by the Directorate of Civil Aviation (DCA) of Namibia over the period 2008 to 2014 in securing talent for aviation safety. The International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) regularly assesses the extent to which member states comply with their safety oversight responsibilities. According to a 1996 report by the ICAO, under the auspices of its Universal Safety Oversight and Security Audit Programme (USOSAP), Namibia’s safety oversight was found to be weak, as indicative of the State’s inability to guarantee the safety of aircraft operations within the national airspace (ICAO, 1996). One of the significant audit findings was the critical shortage of qualified professionals at the Directorate Civil Aviation (DCA) to effectively perform the State’s regulatory and oversight function as contained in the Chicago Convention of 1944. The shortage of qualified professionals resulted in Namibia being unable to respond to its obligations and responsibilities under the Chicago Convention and Namibia’s subsequent blacklisting by the ICAO Audit Result Review Board (ARRB). Consequently, a corrective action plan was undertaken. This study examines one aspect of this plan, namely the initiatives that were undertaken to secure the talent required for aviation safety posts. The aim of the research is, from the perspective of talent management, to analyse the corrective action plan of the Directorate of Civil Aviation (DCA), as a process of securing talent for strategic positions in aviation safety in Namibia. This initiative was analysed from the perspective of the fourth stream of talent management, which emphasises securing talent for strategic positions (Collings and Mellahi, 2009; Huselid & Becker, 2011). Taking into account the fact that Namibia was a racially and culturally divided society until about 25 years ago, the study also deals with issues of diversity management as they impacted upon the talent management of the civil aviation industry nationally. Furthermore, the study is located against the background of the Bantu Education System that was provided by the apartheid South African government to Namibians before independence in 1990. The research design of this study involved conducting a case study that followed a deductive approach. Data were collected using multiple methods and sources such as documentation, interviews and archival records. Content analysis was used in the analysis of collected data. The findings of the study showed the talent management strategies that were adopted in managing strategic positions, the challenges encountered and the impact of the programme. The findings were initially discussed from the perspective of stream four of talent management, with its focus on strategic positions in organisations. Some of the findings of the study were in line with this approach to talent management, but certain challenges that were encountered in carrying out the talent management programme could not be addressed from this perspective, thereby exposing the limits of this approach to talent management in an emerging economy like Namibia. Consequently, a proposed model of sustainable talent management for the DCA was developed. From the perspective of this model of sustainable talent management, recommendations were made for practice and further research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Simataa, George
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7131 , vital:21220
- Description: This study is about talent management, focusing on a case study of the initiatives undertaken by the Directorate of Civil Aviation (DCA) of Namibia over the period 2008 to 2014 in securing talent for aviation safety. The International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) regularly assesses the extent to which member states comply with their safety oversight responsibilities. According to a 1996 report by the ICAO, under the auspices of its Universal Safety Oversight and Security Audit Programme (USOSAP), Namibia’s safety oversight was found to be weak, as indicative of the State’s inability to guarantee the safety of aircraft operations within the national airspace (ICAO, 1996). One of the significant audit findings was the critical shortage of qualified professionals at the Directorate Civil Aviation (DCA) to effectively perform the State’s regulatory and oversight function as contained in the Chicago Convention of 1944. The shortage of qualified professionals resulted in Namibia being unable to respond to its obligations and responsibilities under the Chicago Convention and Namibia’s subsequent blacklisting by the ICAO Audit Result Review Board (ARRB). Consequently, a corrective action plan was undertaken. This study examines one aspect of this plan, namely the initiatives that were undertaken to secure the talent required for aviation safety posts. The aim of the research is, from the perspective of talent management, to analyse the corrective action plan of the Directorate of Civil Aviation (DCA), as a process of securing talent for strategic positions in aviation safety in Namibia. This initiative was analysed from the perspective of the fourth stream of talent management, which emphasises securing talent for strategic positions (Collings and Mellahi, 2009; Huselid & Becker, 2011). Taking into account the fact that Namibia was a racially and culturally divided society until about 25 years ago, the study also deals with issues of diversity management as they impacted upon the talent management of the civil aviation industry nationally. Furthermore, the study is located against the background of the Bantu Education System that was provided by the apartheid South African government to Namibians before independence in 1990. The research design of this study involved conducting a case study that followed a deductive approach. Data were collected using multiple methods and sources such as documentation, interviews and archival records. Content analysis was used in the analysis of collected data. The findings of the study showed the talent management strategies that were adopted in managing strategic positions, the challenges encountered and the impact of the programme. The findings were initially discussed from the perspective of stream four of talent management, with its focus on strategic positions in organisations. Some of the findings of the study were in line with this approach to talent management, but certain challenges that were encountered in carrying out the talent management programme could not be addressed from this perspective, thereby exposing the limits of this approach to talent management in an emerging economy like Namibia. Consequently, a proposed model of sustainable talent management for the DCA was developed. From the perspective of this model of sustainable talent management, recommendations were made for practice and further research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
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