Additive multiple predator effects of two specialist paradiaptomid copepods towards larval mosquitoes
- Cuthbert, Ross N, Dalu, Tatenda, Wasserman, Ryan J, Weyl, Olaf L F, Froneman, P William, Callaghan, Amanda, Dick, Jaimie T A
- Authors: Cuthbert, Ross N , Dalu, Tatenda , Wasserman, Ryan J , Weyl, Olaf L F , Froneman, P William , Callaghan, Amanda , Dick, Jaimie T A
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/467137 , vital:76828 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2019.125727
- Description: Interactions between multiple predators can profoundly affect prey risk, with implications for prey population stability and ecosystem functioning. In austral temporary wetlands, arid-area adapted specialist copepods are key predators for much of the hydroperiod. Limited autoecological information relating to species interactions negates understandings of trophic dynamics in these systems. In the present study, we examined multiple predator effects of two key predatory paradiaptomid copepods which often coexist in austral temporary wetlands, Lovenula raynerae Suárez-Morales, Wasserman and Dalu 2015 and Paradiaptomus lamellatus Sars, 1985. Predation rates towards larval mosquito prey across different water depths were quantified.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Cuthbert, Ross N , Dalu, Tatenda , Wasserman, Ryan J , Weyl, Olaf L F , Froneman, P William , Callaghan, Amanda , Dick, Jaimie T A
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/467137 , vital:76828 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2019.125727
- Description: Interactions between multiple predators can profoundly affect prey risk, with implications for prey population stability and ecosystem functioning. In austral temporary wetlands, arid-area adapted specialist copepods are key predators for much of the hydroperiod. Limited autoecological information relating to species interactions negates understandings of trophic dynamics in these systems. In the present study, we examined multiple predator effects of two key predatory paradiaptomid copepods which often coexist in austral temporary wetlands, Lovenula raynerae Suárez-Morales, Wasserman and Dalu 2015 and Paradiaptomus lamellatus Sars, 1985. Predation rates towards larval mosquito prey across different water depths were quantified.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Combined impacts of warming and salinisation on trophic interactions and mortality of a specialist ephemeral wetland predator
- Cuthbert, Ross N, Weyl, Olaf L F, Wasserman, Ryan J, Dick, Jaimie T A, Froneman, P William, Callaghan, Amanda, Dalu, Tatenda
- Authors: Cuthbert, Ross N , Weyl, Olaf L F , Wasserman, Ryan J , Dick, Jaimie T A , Froneman, P William , Callaghan, Amanda , Dalu, Tatenda
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/467160 , vital:76832 , https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.13353
- Description: Wetlands are of enormous importance for biodiversity globally but are under increasing risk from multiple stressors driven by ongoing anthro-pogenic environmental change. As the trophic structure and dynamics of ephemeral wetlands are poorly understood, it is difficult to predict how these biodiverse ecosystems will be impacted by global change. In particular, warming and salinisation are projected to have profound im-pacts on these wetlands in future. The present study examined the combined effects of warming and salinisation on species interaction strengths and mortality rates for two ephemeral wetland species. Using an ephemeral pond specialist copepod, Lovenula raynerae Suárez‐Morales, Wasserman, and Dalu, (2015) as a model predator species, we applied a functional response approach to derive warming and salinisa-tion effects on trophic interactions with a prey species. Furthermore, the effects of a salinisation gradient on mortality rates of adult copepods were quantified.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Cuthbert, Ross N , Weyl, Olaf L F , Wasserman, Ryan J , Dick, Jaimie T A , Froneman, P William , Callaghan, Amanda , Dalu, Tatenda
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/467160 , vital:76832 , https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.13353
- Description: Wetlands are of enormous importance for biodiversity globally but are under increasing risk from multiple stressors driven by ongoing anthro-pogenic environmental change. As the trophic structure and dynamics of ephemeral wetlands are poorly understood, it is difficult to predict how these biodiverse ecosystems will be impacted by global change. In particular, warming and salinisation are projected to have profound im-pacts on these wetlands in future. The present study examined the combined effects of warming and salinisation on species interaction strengths and mortality rates for two ephemeral wetland species. Using an ephemeral pond specialist copepod, Lovenula raynerae Suárez‐Morales, Wasserman, and Dalu, (2015) as a model predator species, we applied a functional response approach to derive warming and salinisa-tion effects on trophic interactions with a prey species. Furthermore, the effects of a salinisation gradient on mortality rates of adult copepods were quantified.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Quantifying reproductive state and predator effects on copepod motility in ephemeral ecosystems
- Cuthbert, Ross N, Dalu, Tatenda, Wasserman, Ryan J, Dick, Jaimie T A, Callaghan, Amanda, Froneman, P William, Weyl, Olaf L F
- Authors: Cuthbert, Ross N , Dalu, Tatenda , Wasserman, Ryan J , Dick, Jaimie T A , Callaghan, Amanda , Froneman, P William , Weyl, Olaf L F
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/467171 , vital:76836 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.05.010
- Description: Ephemeral wetlands in arid environments are unique ecosystems with atypical trophic structuring, often dominated by invertebrate predation. Copepod behavioural traits and vulnerabilities to predation can vary substantially according to reproductive status. Gravid female copepods may be more vulnerable to predation due to reduced escape speeds or higher visibility to predators. Here, we quantify how reproductive status modulates horizontal motility rates of the predatory ephemeral pond specialist copepod Lovenula raynerae, and the responsiveness of the copepod to predator cues of the notonectid Anisops debilis. Males exhibited significantly higher motility rates than gravid female copepods, however chemical predator cues did not significantly influence activity rates in either sex. The lack of responsiveness to predator cues by specialist copepods in ephemeral wetlands may result from a lack of predation pressure in these systems, or due to time stress to reproduce during short hydroperiods. In turn, this could increase predation risk to copepods from externally-recruited top predators in ephemeral wetlands, and potentially contribute to the development of skewed sex ratios in favour of females.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Cuthbert, Ross N , Dalu, Tatenda , Wasserman, Ryan J , Dick, Jaimie T A , Callaghan, Amanda , Froneman, P William , Weyl, Olaf L F
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/467171 , vital:76836 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.05.010
- Description: Ephemeral wetlands in arid environments are unique ecosystems with atypical trophic structuring, often dominated by invertebrate predation. Copepod behavioural traits and vulnerabilities to predation can vary substantially according to reproductive status. Gravid female copepods may be more vulnerable to predation due to reduced escape speeds or higher visibility to predators. Here, we quantify how reproductive status modulates horizontal motility rates of the predatory ephemeral pond specialist copepod Lovenula raynerae, and the responsiveness of the copepod to predator cues of the notonectid Anisops debilis. Males exhibited significantly higher motility rates than gravid female copepods, however chemical predator cues did not significantly influence activity rates in either sex. The lack of responsiveness to predator cues by specialist copepods in ephemeral wetlands may result from a lack of predation pressure in these systems, or due to time stress to reproduce during short hydroperiods. In turn, this could increase predation risk to copepods from externally-recruited top predators in ephemeral wetlands, and potentially contribute to the development of skewed sex ratios in favour of females.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
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