Hama dza warumi (The husband's relatives)
- Esteri Shumba and a group of Karanga men and women, Hugh Tracey
- Authors: Esteri Shumba and a group of Karanga men and women , Hugh Tracey
- Date: 1958
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Folk music--Zimbabwe , Karanga (African people) , Folk songs, Shona , Folk music , Africa Zimbabwe Takawarasha, Chibi District, Southern Rhodesia f-rh
- Language: Shona, Karanga
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/154586 , vital:39751 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , TR082-11
- Description: A certain woman was very fond of her own relatives and preferred them to those of her husband. The story describes how when her in-laws visited her she said she was feeling ill with pains in her back, legs, stomach, head, everywhere. But when her own people came to see her she prepared sadza porridge and all sorts of good things. She behaved like this because she was jealous of her husband's other wives and in this way paid him out. Story with song.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1958
- Authors: Esteri Shumba and a group of Karanga men and women , Hugh Tracey
- Date: 1958
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Folk music--Zimbabwe , Karanga (African people) , Folk songs, Shona , Folk music , Africa Zimbabwe Takawarasha, Chibi District, Southern Rhodesia f-rh
- Language: Shona, Karanga
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/154586 , vital:39751 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , TR082-11
- Description: A certain woman was very fond of her own relatives and preferred them to those of her husband. The story describes how when her in-laws visited her she said she was feeling ill with pains in her back, legs, stomach, head, everywhere. But when her own people came to see her she prepared sadza porridge and all sorts of good things. She behaved like this because she was jealous of her husband's other wives and in this way paid him out. Story with song.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1958
Mufupi hainyari (The short man does not tire)
- Chiga Shoko and Esteri Shumba, Hugh Tracey
- Authors: Chiga Shoko and Esteri Shumba , Hugh Tracey
- Date: 1958
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Folk music--Zimbabwe , Karanga (African people) , Folk songs, Shona , Folk music , Africa Zimbabwe Takawarasha, Chibi District, Southern Rhodesia f-rh
- Language: Shona, Karanga
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/154622 , vital:39755 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , TR082-15
- Description: Many of the lines set against the typical yodelling of the women, are taken at random from other songs and have little or no continuity of theme. They do however serve the purpose of keeping the song going. "The short man does not tire. With whom shall I play. Ndendua, I shall die. Close the door, you, Ndendua. In the house e re re. With whom shall I stay. I will die, being just like a dog. Matupa maneke. Where we come from. Harari (Salisbury) is far away. To come out feeling guilty. Like buck from the meadow lands." etc. Song for the Gawo dance with 1 drum.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1958
- Authors: Chiga Shoko and Esteri Shumba , Hugh Tracey
- Date: 1958
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Folk music--Zimbabwe , Karanga (African people) , Folk songs, Shona , Folk music , Africa Zimbabwe Takawarasha, Chibi District, Southern Rhodesia f-rh
- Language: Shona, Karanga
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/154622 , vital:39755 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , TR082-15
- Description: Many of the lines set against the typical yodelling of the women, are taken at random from other songs and have little or no continuity of theme. They do however serve the purpose of keeping the song going. "The short man does not tire. With whom shall I play. Ndendua, I shall die. Close the door, you, Ndendua. In the house e re re. With whom shall I stay. I will die, being just like a dog. Matupa maneke. Where we come from. Harari (Salisbury) is far away. To come out feeling guilty. Like buck from the meadow lands." etc. Song for the Gawo dance with 1 drum.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1958
Godo (Bones)
- Esteri Shumba and 4 Karanga women, Hugh Tracey
- Authors: Esteri Shumba and 4 Karanga women , Hugh Tracey
- Date: 1958
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Folk music--Zimbabwe , Karanga (African people) , Folk songs, Shona , Folk music , Africa Zimbabwe Takawarasha, Chibi District, Southern Rhodesia f-rh
- Language: Shona, Karanga
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/154649 , vital:39758 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , TR082-18
- Description: The singer is married to a chief. She goes around asking her fellow wives what part of the animal they received the last time a beast was killed. One says "We're all in the same bag, whats the good of being married to a chief? When he gives all the best meat to his favourite wife and only gives us bone?"
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1958
- Authors: Esteri Shumba and 4 Karanga women , Hugh Tracey
- Date: 1958
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Folk music--Zimbabwe , Karanga (African people) , Folk songs, Shona , Folk music , Africa Zimbabwe Takawarasha, Chibi District, Southern Rhodesia f-rh
- Language: Shona, Karanga
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/154649 , vital:39758 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , TR082-18
- Description: The singer is married to a chief. She goes around asking her fellow wives what part of the animal they received the last time a beast was killed. One says "We're all in the same bag, whats the good of being married to a chief? When he gives all the best meat to his favourite wife and only gives us bone?"
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1958
Ngwindingwindi ishumba inoruma (England is the lion that bites)
- Chief Takawarasha and group of Karanga men, Hugh Tracey
- Authors: Chief Takawarasha and group of Karanga men , Hugh Tracey
- Date: 1958
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Folk music--Zimbabwe , Karanga (African people) , Folk songs, Shona , Folk music , Africa Zimbabwe Takawarasha, Chibi District, Southern Rhodesia f-rh
- Language: Shona, Karanga
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/154595 , vital:39752 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , TR082-12
- Description: An old song composed when the British first came to Rhodesia. 'Gwindingwindi' was their way of pronouncing 'England'. The drum was played by Esteri Shumba. The actual incident which gave rise to this song was the appearence of the Pinoneer Column marching across the Chibi District on its way up through Providential Pass to establish Fort Victoria and soon afterwards 'Fort' Salisbury in 1890. Historical song with 2 drums.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1958
- Authors: Chief Takawarasha and group of Karanga men , Hugh Tracey
- Date: 1958
- Subjects: Folk music--Africa , Field recordings , Folk music--Zimbabwe , Karanga (African people) , Folk songs, Shona , Folk music , Africa Zimbabwe Takawarasha, Chibi District, Southern Rhodesia f-rh
- Language: Shona, Karanga
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/154595 , vital:39752 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , TR082-12
- Description: An old song composed when the British first came to Rhodesia. 'Gwindingwindi' was their way of pronouncing 'England'. The drum was played by Esteri Shumba. The actual incident which gave rise to this song was the appearence of the Pinoneer Column marching across the Chibi District on its way up through Providential Pass to establish Fort Victoria and soon afterwards 'Fort' Salisbury in 1890. Historical song with 2 drums.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1958
Ownership and occupation contestations in South Africa: the case of state housing in Buffalo City Municipality, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Msindo, Esteri Makotore
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Public housing South Africa Buffalo City , Squatters South Africa Buffalo City , Occupancy (Law) South Africa , Acquisition of property South Africa Buffalo City , Right of property South Africa Buffalo City , Sociology, Urban South Africa Buffalo City , Marginality, Social South Africa Buffalo City , Human rights South Africa , Acquisition of property Moral and ethical aspects South Africa Buffalo City , Urban poor South Africa Buffalo City Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232790 , vital:50025 , DOI 10.21504/10962/232790
- Description: This thesis examines contestations around access to state-provided housing or simply state housing in South Africa, using a case study of two sites in Buffalo City Municipality, and with a particular focus on occupation without ownership through informal and illegal means. While the South African state, based on an official human rights discourse and regime, seeks to provide state housing to the urban poor, massive housing backlogs continue to exist within urban spaces. As a result, the urban poor turn to self-provisioning through the construction of informal settlements or backyard shacks, waiting at times indefinitely to be allocated a state house via the official housing waiting lists. To overcome this problem, some amongst the urban poor opt to circumvent the process by invading and illegally occupying state houses, leading to occupation without ownership. In doing so, they draw upon their own moral rights-claims to justify their actions. The thesis examines the multiple causes for occupation and ownership contestations in the two research sites as well as the different forms that these contestations take. The study is framed theoretically in terms of a sociology of human rights, identifying and analysing how moral claims to rights amongst ordinary people often come into conflict with a legal-institutional conception of rights adopted by the state. The study also draws on a diverse array of theorists whose work speaks to the manner in which ordinary citizens develop their own ways of acting contrary to state officialdom. Using interpretive sociology, the study considers the views and practices of those illegally occupying houses without ownership and those who feel victimised by these informal actions. It considers these intra-community dynamics in light of the machinations of local state powerholders at municipal level. As with interpretive sociology, then, the thesis privileges social realms of meanings, interpretations, experiences and practices of human agents. Informal state housing occupations in the Buffalo City Municipality are caused by a number of factors related to state incapacity, weak policies and poor planning, corruption, resource constraints and so on. The study vividly demonstrates the tensions arising and existing between the South African state’s legal human rights regime and locally-constructed moral-rights regimes amongst the urban poor. This tension is seen in the interrelated phenomena of ‘occupation without ownership’ and ‘ownership without occupation’, as the poor draw upon and use ordinary logics of rights for recourse. The thesis shows how diverse rights regimes lead to intra-community conflict, in particular along generational and racial lines. , Thesis (PhD) -- Humanities, Sociology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Msindo, Esteri Makotore
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Public housing South Africa Buffalo City , Squatters South Africa Buffalo City , Occupancy (Law) South Africa , Acquisition of property South Africa Buffalo City , Right of property South Africa Buffalo City , Sociology, Urban South Africa Buffalo City , Marginality, Social South Africa Buffalo City , Human rights South Africa , Acquisition of property Moral and ethical aspects South Africa Buffalo City , Urban poor South Africa Buffalo City Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232790 , vital:50025 , DOI 10.21504/10962/232790
- Description: This thesis examines contestations around access to state-provided housing or simply state housing in South Africa, using a case study of two sites in Buffalo City Municipality, and with a particular focus on occupation without ownership through informal and illegal means. While the South African state, based on an official human rights discourse and regime, seeks to provide state housing to the urban poor, massive housing backlogs continue to exist within urban spaces. As a result, the urban poor turn to self-provisioning through the construction of informal settlements or backyard shacks, waiting at times indefinitely to be allocated a state house via the official housing waiting lists. To overcome this problem, some amongst the urban poor opt to circumvent the process by invading and illegally occupying state houses, leading to occupation without ownership. In doing so, they draw upon their own moral rights-claims to justify their actions. The thesis examines the multiple causes for occupation and ownership contestations in the two research sites as well as the different forms that these contestations take. The study is framed theoretically in terms of a sociology of human rights, identifying and analysing how moral claims to rights amongst ordinary people often come into conflict with a legal-institutional conception of rights adopted by the state. The study also draws on a diverse array of theorists whose work speaks to the manner in which ordinary citizens develop their own ways of acting contrary to state officialdom. Using interpretive sociology, the study considers the views and practices of those illegally occupying houses without ownership and those who feel victimised by these informal actions. It considers these intra-community dynamics in light of the machinations of local state powerholders at municipal level. As with interpretive sociology, then, the thesis privileges social realms of meanings, interpretations, experiences and practices of human agents. Informal state housing occupations in the Buffalo City Municipality are caused by a number of factors related to state incapacity, weak policies and poor planning, corruption, resource constraints and so on. The study vividly demonstrates the tensions arising and existing between the South African state’s legal human rights regime and locally-constructed moral-rights regimes amongst the urban poor. This tension is seen in the interrelated phenomena of ‘occupation without ownership’ and ‘ownership without occupation’, as the poor draw upon and use ordinary logics of rights for recourse. The thesis shows how diverse rights regimes lead to intra-community conflict, in particular along generational and racial lines. , Thesis (PhD) -- Humanities, Sociology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 2015
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:8149 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019888
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies 2015 [at] 1820 Settlers National Monument Thursday, 09 April at 10.00 & 17:00 [and] Friday, 10 April at 10:00; 14:30 & 18:00 [and] Saturday, 11 April at 10:00 , Rhodes University Awards, Scholarships,Bursaries and Prizes 2015
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:8149 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019888
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies 2015 [at] 1820 Settlers National Monument Thursday, 09 April at 10.00 & 17:00 [and] Friday, 10 April at 10:00; 14:30 & 18:00 [and] Saturday, 11 April at 10:00 , Rhodes University Awards, Scholarships,Bursaries and Prizes 2015
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 2012
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8135 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007245
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies 2012 [at] 1820 Settlers National Monument Thursday, 12 April at 18.00 [and] Friday, 13 April at 10:30; 14:30 & 18:00 [and] Saturday, 14 April at 10:30 , Rhodes University Awards, Scholarships, Bursaries and Prizes 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8135 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007245
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies 2012 [at] 1820 Settlers National Monument Thursday, 12 April at 18.00 [and] Friday, 13 April at 10:30; 14:30 & 18:00 [and] Saturday, 14 April at 10:30 , Rhodes University Awards, Scholarships, Bursaries and Prizes 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The role of civil society in advancing education rights : the case of Gadra Education, Grahamstown, South Africa
- Authors: Msindo, Esteri Makotore
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Gadra Education (Grahamstown, South Africa) , Right to education -- South Africa , State departments of education -- South Africa , Educational change -- South Africa , Social justice -- South Africa , Civil society -- South Africa , Social contract
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3392 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016500
- Description: This thesis has identified and analysed the role of an NGO called Gadra Education in advancing education rights to the less advantaged people of Grahamstown in South Africa. Gadra Education’s role has been identified as twofold. Firstly as an educational NGO, Gadra Education’s initiatives directly impact on the lives of the less economically and socially privileged learners who, due to their previous learning environment in state schools, do not achieve academic results that ensure entry into tertiary level. Secondly its role is identified in its nature as an organisation that emerged due to the deficiencies in the state schooling system. It therefore stands de facto as a critical institution for critique of the state’s education system. The thesis concludes that without confronting the Department of Education or collaborating with it, Gadra Education offers a significant alternative approach which can potentially influence the state to improve the state schooling system. Its strategy of non-confrontation to the state, informal and non-corporatist is advantageous as an NGO that focuses on the actual provision of education. It focuses on instilling Ubuntu values of sharing and giving that are of critical significance in teaching and learning. The context of the thesis is located broadly within socio-economic rights and specifically on education rights. In South Africa where the state has not adequately met the educational obligations for the economically and socially less privileged citizens, the emergence of educational NGOs that focus on providing education to the poor is of vital importance. Although other NGOs that confront the state are important in pushing the state to deliver especially on school infrastructure, teacher deployment and other educational challenges, Gadra Education model ensures academic success for the learner. Lessons can be drawn from Gadra Education which can be potentially useful to state schools and other NGOs that seek to advance education rights to disadvantaged communities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Msindo, Esteri Makotore
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Gadra Education (Grahamstown, South Africa) , Right to education -- South Africa , State departments of education -- South Africa , Educational change -- South Africa , Social justice -- South Africa , Civil society -- South Africa , Social contract
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3392 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016500
- Description: This thesis has identified and analysed the role of an NGO called Gadra Education in advancing education rights to the less advantaged people of Grahamstown in South Africa. Gadra Education’s role has been identified as twofold. Firstly as an educational NGO, Gadra Education’s initiatives directly impact on the lives of the less economically and socially privileged learners who, due to their previous learning environment in state schools, do not achieve academic results that ensure entry into tertiary level. Secondly its role is identified in its nature as an organisation that emerged due to the deficiencies in the state schooling system. It therefore stands de facto as a critical institution for critique of the state’s education system. The thesis concludes that without confronting the Department of Education or collaborating with it, Gadra Education offers a significant alternative approach which can potentially influence the state to improve the state schooling system. Its strategy of non-confrontation to the state, informal and non-corporatist is advantageous as an NGO that focuses on the actual provision of education. It focuses on instilling Ubuntu values of sharing and giving that are of critical significance in teaching and learning. The context of the thesis is located broadly within socio-economic rights and specifically on education rights. In South Africa where the state has not adequately met the educational obligations for the economically and socially less privileged citizens, the emergence of educational NGOs that focus on providing education to the poor is of vital importance. Although other NGOs that confront the state are important in pushing the state to deliver especially on school infrastructure, teacher deployment and other educational challenges, Gadra Education model ensures academic success for the learner. Lessons can be drawn from Gadra Education which can be potentially useful to state schools and other NGOs that seek to advance education rights to disadvantaged communities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 2011
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2011
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8136 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007246
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies [at] 1820 Settlers National Monument Thursday, 7 April at 18.00 [and] Friday, 8 April at 10:30; 14:30 & 18:00 [and] Saturday, 9 April at 10:30
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2011
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8136 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007246
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies [at] 1820 Settlers National Monument Thursday, 7 April at 18.00 [and] Friday, 8 April at 10:30; 14:30 & 18:00 [and] Saturday, 9 April at 10:30
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Synthetic studies of swazinecic acid dilactone
- Authors: Liddell, James Richard
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Phrrolizidines Alkaloids -- Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4298 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004668
- Description: The occurrence and syntheses of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids from 1976 to March 1988 is reviewed, and a stereoselective total synthesis of swazinecic acid dilactone was attempted. One approach involved an asymmetric synthesis of the allylic α-hydroxy acid 2-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-3-butenoic acid employing oxazolines as chiral auxilaries. The oxazoline, (4S,5S)-2-(1-bromoethyl)-4-methoxymethyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazoline, was obtained by direct halogenation of the 2-ethyl oxazoline analogue. This was condensed with acetone in a Darzens type reaction and the resultant epoxy oxazoline rearranged to an allylic α-hydroxy oxazoline which was then hydrolysed to the chiral hydroxy acid in low enantiomeric excess. The hydroxy acid, as the O-silylated ethyl ester, was elaborated by allylic diethyl malonate to bromination and condensation with diethyl 5-carboethoxy-2-methyl-3- methylene-2-0-tert-butyldimethylsilylhexanedioate. Removal of the silyl protecting group and epoxidation provided an epoxy triester, which on hydrolysis provided a mixture of acids of uncertain structures.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Liddell, James Richard
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Phrrolizidines Alkaloids -- Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4298 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004668
- Description: The occurrence and syntheses of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids from 1976 to March 1988 is reviewed, and a stereoselective total synthesis of swazinecic acid dilactone was attempted. One approach involved an asymmetric synthesis of the allylic α-hydroxy acid 2-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-3-butenoic acid employing oxazolines as chiral auxilaries. The oxazoline, (4S,5S)-2-(1-bromoethyl)-4-methoxymethyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazoline, was obtained by direct halogenation of the 2-ethyl oxazoline analogue. This was condensed with acetone in a Darzens type reaction and the resultant epoxy oxazoline rearranged to an allylic α-hydroxy oxazoline which was then hydrolysed to the chiral hydroxy acid in low enantiomeric excess. The hydroxy acid, as the O-silylated ethyl ester, was elaborated by allylic diethyl malonate to bromination and condensation with diethyl 5-carboethoxy-2-methyl-3- methylene-2-0-tert-butyldimethylsilylhexanedioate. Removal of the silyl protecting group and epoxidation provided an epoxy triester, which on hydrolysis provided a mixture of acids of uncertain structures.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
Building an E-health system for health awareness campaigns in poor areas
- Authors: Gremu, Chikumbutso David
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: National health services -- South Africa , Medical informatics , Public health -- Information services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4708 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017930
- Description: Appropriate e-services as well as revenue generation capabilities are key to the deployment and the sustainability for ICT installations in poor areas, particularly common in developing country. The area of e-Health is a promising area for e-services that are both important to the population in those areas and potentially of direct interest to National Health Organizations, which already spend money for Health campaigns there. This thesis focuses on the design, implementation, and full functional testing of HealthAware, an application that allows health organization to set up targeted awareness campaigns for poor areas. Requirements for such application are very specific, starting from the fact that the preparation of the campaign and its execution/consumption happen in two different environments from a technological and social point of view. Part of the research work done for this thesis was to make the above requirements explicit and then use them in the design. This phase of the research was facilitated by the fact that the thesis' work was executed within the context of the Siyakhula Living Lab (SLL; www.siyakhulaLL.org), which has accumulated multi-year experience of ICT deployment in such areas. As a result of the found requirements, HealthAware comprises two components, which are web-based, Java applications that run in a peer-to-peer fashion. The first component, the Dashboard, is used to create, manage, and publish information for conducting awareness campaigns or surveys. The second component, HealthMessenger, facilitates users' access to the campaigns or surveys that were created using the Dashboard. The HealthMessenger was designed to be hosted on TeleWeaver while the Dashboard is hosted independently of TeleWeaver and simply communicates with the HealthMessenger through webservices. TeleWeaver is an application integration platform developed within the SLL to host software applications for poor areas. Using a core service of TeleWeaver, the profile service, where all the users' defining elements are contained, campaigns and surveys can be easily and effectively targeted, for example to match specific demographics or geographic locations. Revenue generation is attained via the logging of the interactions of the target users in the communities with the applications in TeleWeaver, from which billing data is generated according to the specific contractual agreements with the National Health Organization. From a general point of view, HealthAware contributes to the concrete realizations of a bidirectional access channel between Health Organizations and users in poor communities, which not only allows the communication of appropriate content in both directions, but get 'monetized' and in so doing becomes a revenue generator.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Gremu, Chikumbutso David
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: National health services -- South Africa , Medical informatics , Public health -- Information services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4708 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017930
- Description: Appropriate e-services as well as revenue generation capabilities are key to the deployment and the sustainability for ICT installations in poor areas, particularly common in developing country. The area of e-Health is a promising area for e-services that are both important to the population in those areas and potentially of direct interest to National Health Organizations, which already spend money for Health campaigns there. This thesis focuses on the design, implementation, and full functional testing of HealthAware, an application that allows health organization to set up targeted awareness campaigns for poor areas. Requirements for such application are very specific, starting from the fact that the preparation of the campaign and its execution/consumption happen in two different environments from a technological and social point of view. Part of the research work done for this thesis was to make the above requirements explicit and then use them in the design. This phase of the research was facilitated by the fact that the thesis' work was executed within the context of the Siyakhula Living Lab (SLL; www.siyakhulaLL.org), which has accumulated multi-year experience of ICT deployment in such areas. As a result of the found requirements, HealthAware comprises two components, which are web-based, Java applications that run in a peer-to-peer fashion. The first component, the Dashboard, is used to create, manage, and publish information for conducting awareness campaigns or surveys. The second component, HealthMessenger, facilitates users' access to the campaigns or surveys that were created using the Dashboard. The HealthMessenger was designed to be hosted on TeleWeaver while the Dashboard is hosted independently of TeleWeaver and simply communicates with the HealthMessenger through webservices. TeleWeaver is an application integration platform developed within the SLL to host software applications for poor areas. Using a core service of TeleWeaver, the profile service, where all the users' defining elements are contained, campaigns and surveys can be easily and effectively targeted, for example to match specific demographics or geographic locations. Revenue generation is attained via the logging of the interactions of the target users in the communities with the applications in TeleWeaver, from which billing data is generated according to the specific contractual agreements with the National Health Organization. From a general point of view, HealthAware contributes to the concrete realizations of a bidirectional access channel between Health Organizations and users in poor communities, which not only allows the communication of appropriate content in both directions, but get 'monetized' and in so doing becomes a revenue generator.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Exploring learners’ proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science through Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) intervention
- Authors: Agunbiade, Arinola Esther
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Stoichiometry -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Nigeria , Chemistry -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Nigeria , Process-oriented guided inquiry learning , Student-centered learning -- Nigeria , Science students -- Attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174402 , vital:42474
- Description: Stoichiometry is one of the difficult topics in the senior secondary school chemistry curriculum. It is usually taught through the traditional lecture method of presentation that is non-engaging for learners. Consequently, there is poor understanding, achievement, and negative perceptions of stoichiometry and chemistry in general. The goal of this study was to explore learners’ evolving proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science as a result of their participation in Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) activities. That is, POGIL which incorporates guided-inquiry and collaborative learning was introduced as an intervention strategy in learning stoichiometry. This was assessed by examining learners’ experiences with learning stoichiometry before and after the POGIL intervention. The study further investigated possible contributing factors to learners’ evolving proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science. This study employed the socio-cultural learning theory as proposed by Vygotsky (1978). The role of socio-cultural features such as ‘social interaction’, ‘cultural tools’, ‘self-regulation’ and ‘zone of proximal development’ (ZPD) were explored with regards to learners’ stoichiometry proficiency and attitudes towards science progression as they participated in POGIL activities. The work of Kilpatrick, Swafford and Findell (2001) on proficiency and Fraser (1981) on attitudes towards science were used as analytical lenses to understand learners’ proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science, respectively. This study was underpinned by the pragmatic research paradigm. Thus, a Quant + Qual concurrent mixed-methods approach which involves generating, analysing, and integrating both qualitative and quantitative data to provide answers to research questions was adopted. It was an intervention study carried out in two senior secondary schools in the Ilorin metropolis of Kwara State, Nigeria. A sample of 53 senior secondary school year two learners participated. Questionnaires and journal entries were completed by the 53 learners, while seven learners were interviewed. Data were collected using both qualitative and quantitative data generating tools including pre-and post-tests. The stoichiometry learning questionnaire (SLQ), test of science related attitude (TOSRA) questionnaire, and stoichiometry achievement tool (SAT) were used to generate quantitative data while the SLQ, semi-structured interviews, and journal entries were the qualitative data tools. Data were generated in three phases. Phase one was baseline data through SLQ, TOSRA and SAT pre-tests. The second phase was the intervention phase where the POGIL approach was implemented in the classrooms and learners were engaged in journal entries. Post-intervention was the last phase where TOSRA and SAT post-tests were administered and semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants. Thus, data were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. Before the POGIL intervention, the findings of this study revealed that most of the learners perceived stoichiometry as difficult because of the instructional characteristics, the nature of stoichiometry concepts, and learners’ attributes. After the POGIL intervention, however, learners showed increased proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science. Findings also indicate that learners’ proficiency in stoichiometry and attitude towards science were associated with the facilitators or learning environment features, the nature of instructional characteristics, learners’ perceptions of stoichiometry or science, and the extent to which learners could comprehend or master science concepts. Notably, these features are intertwined and cohere with the socio-cultural theory and POGIL principles. This study offered insights into how proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science may develop among senior secondary school learners in Nigeria. The findings point to POGIL as an example of an instructional approach that provides enabling characteristics and useful information for planning instructional activities for the development and nurturing of proficiency and attitudes towards science. The results suggest that the POGIL strategy could alleviate some of the factors perceived as contributors to difficulty in learning stoichiometry. As such, the study makes contributions to the field of science education in Nigeria particularly regarding how both the tenets of the socio-cultural framework (social interaction, cultural tools, self-regulation, and ZPD) and POGIL (guided-inquiry and collaborative learning) could be aligned to facilitate the development of proficiency and attitudes towards science. The study, therefore, recommends that POGIL should be used as an inquiry-based approach in science classrooms to promote the development of learners’ proficiency and attitudes towards science. The study could also be utilised as a resource to guide or set a base for further investigation into the implementation of POGIL in other areas of chemistry or science as well as creating professional development spaces that promote community of practice among science teachers as observed in this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Agunbiade, Arinola Esther
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Stoichiometry -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Nigeria , Chemistry -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Nigeria , Process-oriented guided inquiry learning , Student-centered learning -- Nigeria , Science students -- Attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174402 , vital:42474
- Description: Stoichiometry is one of the difficult topics in the senior secondary school chemistry curriculum. It is usually taught through the traditional lecture method of presentation that is non-engaging for learners. Consequently, there is poor understanding, achievement, and negative perceptions of stoichiometry and chemistry in general. The goal of this study was to explore learners’ evolving proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science as a result of their participation in Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) activities. That is, POGIL which incorporates guided-inquiry and collaborative learning was introduced as an intervention strategy in learning stoichiometry. This was assessed by examining learners’ experiences with learning stoichiometry before and after the POGIL intervention. The study further investigated possible contributing factors to learners’ evolving proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science. This study employed the socio-cultural learning theory as proposed by Vygotsky (1978). The role of socio-cultural features such as ‘social interaction’, ‘cultural tools’, ‘self-regulation’ and ‘zone of proximal development’ (ZPD) were explored with regards to learners’ stoichiometry proficiency and attitudes towards science progression as they participated in POGIL activities. The work of Kilpatrick, Swafford and Findell (2001) on proficiency and Fraser (1981) on attitudes towards science were used as analytical lenses to understand learners’ proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science, respectively. This study was underpinned by the pragmatic research paradigm. Thus, a Quant + Qual concurrent mixed-methods approach which involves generating, analysing, and integrating both qualitative and quantitative data to provide answers to research questions was adopted. It was an intervention study carried out in two senior secondary schools in the Ilorin metropolis of Kwara State, Nigeria. A sample of 53 senior secondary school year two learners participated. Questionnaires and journal entries were completed by the 53 learners, while seven learners were interviewed. Data were collected using both qualitative and quantitative data generating tools including pre-and post-tests. The stoichiometry learning questionnaire (SLQ), test of science related attitude (TOSRA) questionnaire, and stoichiometry achievement tool (SAT) were used to generate quantitative data while the SLQ, semi-structured interviews, and journal entries were the qualitative data tools. Data were generated in three phases. Phase one was baseline data through SLQ, TOSRA and SAT pre-tests. The second phase was the intervention phase where the POGIL approach was implemented in the classrooms and learners were engaged in journal entries. Post-intervention was the last phase where TOSRA and SAT post-tests were administered and semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants. Thus, data were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. Before the POGIL intervention, the findings of this study revealed that most of the learners perceived stoichiometry as difficult because of the instructional characteristics, the nature of stoichiometry concepts, and learners’ attributes. After the POGIL intervention, however, learners showed increased proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science. Findings also indicate that learners’ proficiency in stoichiometry and attitude towards science were associated with the facilitators or learning environment features, the nature of instructional characteristics, learners’ perceptions of stoichiometry or science, and the extent to which learners could comprehend or master science concepts. Notably, these features are intertwined and cohere with the socio-cultural theory and POGIL principles. This study offered insights into how proficiency in stoichiometry and attitudes towards science may develop among senior secondary school learners in Nigeria. The findings point to POGIL as an example of an instructional approach that provides enabling characteristics and useful information for planning instructional activities for the development and nurturing of proficiency and attitudes towards science. The results suggest that the POGIL strategy could alleviate some of the factors perceived as contributors to difficulty in learning stoichiometry. As such, the study makes contributions to the field of science education in Nigeria particularly regarding how both the tenets of the socio-cultural framework (social interaction, cultural tools, self-regulation, and ZPD) and POGIL (guided-inquiry and collaborative learning) could be aligned to facilitate the development of proficiency and attitudes towards science. The study, therefore, recommends that POGIL should be used as an inquiry-based approach in science classrooms to promote the development of learners’ proficiency and attitudes towards science. The study could also be utilised as a resource to guide or set a base for further investigation into the implementation of POGIL in other areas of chemistry or science as well as creating professional development spaces that promote community of practice among science teachers as observed in this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Studies in asymmetric synthesis
- Authors: Ravindran, Swarnam Shanthi
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: Asymmetric synthesis Chirality Organic compounds -- Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4352 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005017
- Description: The stereoselectivity of TiCI₄-catalysed Mukaiyama reactions of a camphor acetal-derived chiral silyl enol ether with a range of substituted aromatic aldehydes has been examined. The enantiomeric excess in each of the resulting ß-hydroxy ketones, determined by ¹H NMR spectroscopy using the lanthanide chiral shift reagent Pr(Etcf₃), ranged between 9 and 13%. The stereo-directing potential of the camphor acetal as a chiral auxiliary in the α-benzylation of carboxylate esters has been studied; the acids were chosen to illustrate substituent effects on asymmetric induction. The observed diastereoselectivity increased with increasing steric bulk of the ester group and α-benzylation of the tert-butylacetate derivative proceeded with 48% diastereoselectivity. It is proposed that the enolate adopts an endo-s-trans conformation in the transition state and preferential attack by the electrophile at the somewhat less hindered Si-face is supported by both the optical rotation data and computer modelling studies. Reductive cleavage and hydrolysis of one of the benzylated esters furnished known products from whose optical rotation the configuration of the major diastereomer was established. In order to improve the steric advantage of Si-facial attack, methods of increasing the steric bulk of the blocking group were explored. A novel 2,2-propylenedioxy hydroxycamphor acetal and its 3,3-propylenedioxy analogue were prepared. Selected carboxylate esters of these propylenedioxy acetals were subjected to α-benzylation and the 2,2-(propylenedioxy)-3-exo-tert-butylacetate derivative showed a diastereoselectivity of 57% during a-benzylation. Hydrolysis of the abenzylated phenylacetate analogue offered the known 2,3-diphenylpropanoic acid whose optical rotation indicated the preferred configuration at the new chiral centre to be (R), a result which is consistent with the proposed approach of the electrophile to the less hindered Re-face of theendo-s-trans enolate moiety and reflects an inversion of the configurational bias observed with 2-v exo-carboxylate analogues. Attempts to prepare the monocatechol acetal of the hydroxy camphor derivative although unsuccessful, led to the isolation of two novel dibornyl ethers whose structures were established by 1- and 2-D NMR spectroscopy. A study of novel applications of camphor-derived auxiliaries in the asymmetric synthesis of α-amino acids has been initiated. The several approaches tried led to the preparation of three novel dural glycine derivatives in good yield
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
- Authors: Ravindran, Swarnam Shanthi
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: Asymmetric synthesis Chirality Organic compounds -- Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4352 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005017
- Description: The stereoselectivity of TiCI₄-catalysed Mukaiyama reactions of a camphor acetal-derived chiral silyl enol ether with a range of substituted aromatic aldehydes has been examined. The enantiomeric excess in each of the resulting ß-hydroxy ketones, determined by ¹H NMR spectroscopy using the lanthanide chiral shift reagent Pr(Etcf₃), ranged between 9 and 13%. The stereo-directing potential of the camphor acetal as a chiral auxiliary in the α-benzylation of carboxylate esters has been studied; the acids were chosen to illustrate substituent effects on asymmetric induction. The observed diastereoselectivity increased with increasing steric bulk of the ester group and α-benzylation of the tert-butylacetate derivative proceeded with 48% diastereoselectivity. It is proposed that the enolate adopts an endo-s-trans conformation in the transition state and preferential attack by the electrophile at the somewhat less hindered Si-face is supported by both the optical rotation data and computer modelling studies. Reductive cleavage and hydrolysis of one of the benzylated esters furnished known products from whose optical rotation the configuration of the major diastereomer was established. In order to improve the steric advantage of Si-facial attack, methods of increasing the steric bulk of the blocking group were explored. A novel 2,2-propylenedioxy hydroxycamphor acetal and its 3,3-propylenedioxy analogue were prepared. Selected carboxylate esters of these propylenedioxy acetals were subjected to α-benzylation and the 2,2-(propylenedioxy)-3-exo-tert-butylacetate derivative showed a diastereoselectivity of 57% during a-benzylation. Hydrolysis of the abenzylated phenylacetate analogue offered the known 2,3-diphenylpropanoic acid whose optical rotation indicated the preferred configuration at the new chiral centre to be (R), a result which is consistent with the proposed approach of the electrophile to the less hindered Re-face of theendo-s-trans enolate moiety and reflects an inversion of the configurational bias observed with 2-v exo-carboxylate analogues. Attempts to prepare the monocatechol acetal of the hydroxy camphor derivative although unsuccessful, led to the isolation of two novel dibornyl ethers whose structures were established by 1- and 2-D NMR spectroscopy. A study of novel applications of camphor-derived auxiliaries in the asymmetric synthesis of α-amino acids has been initiated. The several approaches tried led to the preparation of three novel dural glycine derivatives in good yield
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
The phytochemistry of several South African aloe species
- Authors: McCarthy, Terence John
- Date: 1967
- Subjects: Botanical chemistry Aloe -- Research -- South Africa Aloe -- Analysis Medicinal plants -- Research -- South Africa Drugs -- Research Chromatographic analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3836 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007621
- Description: Introduction: Despite the tremendous advances made with regard to synthetic organic medicinals within the last two decades, heavy reliance is still placed on plant products. This is especially true of the anthracene derivatives used medicinally as purgatives, and which are derived principally from senna, cascara, rhubarb, frangula and aloes. While particular attention has been paid to the chemistry of the former group in recent years, aloes has been largely neglected, possibly due to the fact that the Aloe species are confined largely to areas where extensive research facilities are lacking, such as Africa , India and the West Indies. Thus research in Europe has been confined largely to the lump aloes of commerce, derived from relatively few species. In 1953 a comprehensive report by Hodge (103) appeared on "The Drug Aloes of Commerce, with Special Reference to the Cape Species". Hodge observed that South Africa abounds in species just as abundant as A.ferox, (which is the prime source of Cape aloes), and advised that a systematic chemical survey might show certain of these to be not only higher yielders of bitter aloetic juice but also sources of a superior drug product. Consequently an investigation along these lines is presented here, and it is observed that several species apart from A.ferox not only contain aloin, but also yield a large volume of aloetic juice. Only pharmacologic studies can reveal if the juice of these species is as safe as that of A.ferox, but without doubt they could be used for the extraction of crystalline aloin. Concurrently, the distribution of the Aloe resins, said by some to be purgative themselves, has been studied. The investigation has revealed that the structurally similar compound homonataloin enjoys an equally wide distribution as aloin. However, almost invariably it is confined to small species yielding little aloetic juice, apart from which nothing is known regarding its pharmacologic properties. It is interesting to note that the resin distribution in the homonataloin-containing species is very similar to that of the aloin-containing species, but differs widely from. that of the species containing neither of these principles. Apart from aloin and homonataloin, aloinoside and chrysophanol also occur in Aloe species, and together with the resins, these indicate that when all the South African Aloe species have been investigated, they may well be of chemotaxonomic value. Within the comparatively short space of the last decade some work has been performed on aspects of the metabolism of such anthracene-containing species as Rheum, Rhamnus and Rumex. These investigations have shown that the anthracene derivatives are not merely waste products, but perform definite metabolic functions. The latter portion of this work has been devoted to this relatively neglected aspect of the Aloe species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1967
- Authors: McCarthy, Terence John
- Date: 1967
- Subjects: Botanical chemistry Aloe -- Research -- South Africa Aloe -- Analysis Medicinal plants -- Research -- South Africa Drugs -- Research Chromatographic analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3836 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007621
- Description: Introduction: Despite the tremendous advances made with regard to synthetic organic medicinals within the last two decades, heavy reliance is still placed on plant products. This is especially true of the anthracene derivatives used medicinally as purgatives, and which are derived principally from senna, cascara, rhubarb, frangula and aloes. While particular attention has been paid to the chemistry of the former group in recent years, aloes has been largely neglected, possibly due to the fact that the Aloe species are confined largely to areas where extensive research facilities are lacking, such as Africa , India and the West Indies. Thus research in Europe has been confined largely to the lump aloes of commerce, derived from relatively few species. In 1953 a comprehensive report by Hodge (103) appeared on "The Drug Aloes of Commerce, with Special Reference to the Cape Species". Hodge observed that South Africa abounds in species just as abundant as A.ferox, (which is the prime source of Cape aloes), and advised that a systematic chemical survey might show certain of these to be not only higher yielders of bitter aloetic juice but also sources of a superior drug product. Consequently an investigation along these lines is presented here, and it is observed that several species apart from A.ferox not only contain aloin, but also yield a large volume of aloetic juice. Only pharmacologic studies can reveal if the juice of these species is as safe as that of A.ferox, but without doubt they could be used for the extraction of crystalline aloin. Concurrently, the distribution of the Aloe resins, said by some to be purgative themselves, has been studied. The investigation has revealed that the structurally similar compound homonataloin enjoys an equally wide distribution as aloin. However, almost invariably it is confined to small species yielding little aloetic juice, apart from which nothing is known regarding its pharmacologic properties. It is interesting to note that the resin distribution in the homonataloin-containing species is very similar to that of the aloin-containing species, but differs widely from. that of the species containing neither of these principles. Apart from aloin and homonataloin, aloinoside and chrysophanol also occur in Aloe species, and together with the resins, these indicate that when all the South African Aloe species have been investigated, they may well be of chemotaxonomic value. Within the comparatively short space of the last decade some work has been performed on aspects of the metabolism of such anthracene-containing species as Rheum, Rhamnus and Rumex. These investigations have shown that the anthracene derivatives are not merely waste products, but perform definite metabolic functions. The latter portion of this work has been devoted to this relatively neglected aspect of the Aloe species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1967
The influence of indigenous languages on Ugandan English as used in the media
- Authors: Tukwasibwe, Constance
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Mass media and language -- Uganda , Languages in contact -- Uganda , English language -- Uganda , Language transfer (Language learning) -- Uganda , Communication and culture -- Uganda , Bilingualism -- Uganda , Linguistic demography -- Uganda , Uganda -- Languages
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3646 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015637
- Description: When two or more languages come in contact, they influence each other in various ways, for example through word borrowing, transfer of sounds, morphology and syntax taken from one language system and imported to another. In this study, the primary concern is on the indigenous communities of Uganda learning the English language, plus the influence that this interaction brings into the linguistic space. Bringing the Ugandan multilingual situation into perspective, the study looks at how the English language has interacted with the local languages and the local speech habits, customs and traditions of the indigenous people, to the extent that it has been indigenized. Some word usage results in miscommunication due to the socio-cultural uniqueness of Ugandan cultural expressions. As an example, because of the practice of polygamy in most Ugandan cultures, words like co-wife are coined to mean 'a woman who shares a husband, or a husband's other wife', a word that is absent in both the language and culture of native English speakers. Furthermore some words are formed by calquing some indigenous language expressions, e.g. 'to eat money' or 'to eat cash', an expression that is calqued from the Luganda phrase, kulya sente. Such word coinages are meant to fill the 'shortfall' where the English language fails to provide adequate equivalents. Understanding the context of this kind of English usage and the influence from the indigenous languages is helpful in handling inter-cultural discourses, as the same expression may convey different senses to different people in different contexts. So then, this study deals with some peculiarities of Ugandan English, namely; the features of Ugandan English grammar which are influenced by the indigenous languages. Evidence from the Corpus of Ugandan English is explored to establish that indigenous languages in Uganda have a significant influence on the English language variety spoken in the country, and that a large part of English bilingual speakers cannot speak English without transferring the features from their mother tongue or indeed, switching and mixing codes. A British corpus was used for the purposes of comparison with Ugandan English. The research was conducted in Uganda, drawing data from English newspapers, radio and television talk -shows that were recorded to provide a structural analysis of the contact situations. The result of the study points to the fact that, indeed, the phonological, morpho-syntactic and semantic characteristics of Ugandan English have a considerable amount of influence from indigenous local languages. This study is hinged on the assumption that when indigenous languages and the target language come together in a linguistic contact situation, the resulting variety would exhibit distinct phonological, lexical, grammatical and semantic/pragmatic features ( cf. Sankoff, 2001; Thomason, 1995; Thomason & Kaufman, 1988; Winford, 2005). However, some of these innovations have attracted criticism from 'prescriptivists' such as Quirk (1985, 1988, 1990); Gaudio (2011); and Abbot (1991) who perceive them as 'nonstandard', 'incorrect English language usage' and a 'direct translation from the language user's mother tongue into English'. Yet, indigenous languages continue to play important roles in shaping the kind of English language usage in Uganda.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Tukwasibwe, Constance
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Mass media and language -- Uganda , Languages in contact -- Uganda , English language -- Uganda , Language transfer (Language learning) -- Uganda , Communication and culture -- Uganda , Bilingualism -- Uganda , Linguistic demography -- Uganda , Uganda -- Languages
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3646 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015637
- Description: When two or more languages come in contact, they influence each other in various ways, for example through word borrowing, transfer of sounds, morphology and syntax taken from one language system and imported to another. In this study, the primary concern is on the indigenous communities of Uganda learning the English language, plus the influence that this interaction brings into the linguistic space. Bringing the Ugandan multilingual situation into perspective, the study looks at how the English language has interacted with the local languages and the local speech habits, customs and traditions of the indigenous people, to the extent that it has been indigenized. Some word usage results in miscommunication due to the socio-cultural uniqueness of Ugandan cultural expressions. As an example, because of the practice of polygamy in most Ugandan cultures, words like co-wife are coined to mean 'a woman who shares a husband, or a husband's other wife', a word that is absent in both the language and culture of native English speakers. Furthermore some words are formed by calquing some indigenous language expressions, e.g. 'to eat money' or 'to eat cash', an expression that is calqued from the Luganda phrase, kulya sente. Such word coinages are meant to fill the 'shortfall' where the English language fails to provide adequate equivalents. Understanding the context of this kind of English usage and the influence from the indigenous languages is helpful in handling inter-cultural discourses, as the same expression may convey different senses to different people in different contexts. So then, this study deals with some peculiarities of Ugandan English, namely; the features of Ugandan English grammar which are influenced by the indigenous languages. Evidence from the Corpus of Ugandan English is explored to establish that indigenous languages in Uganda have a significant influence on the English language variety spoken in the country, and that a large part of English bilingual speakers cannot speak English without transferring the features from their mother tongue or indeed, switching and mixing codes. A British corpus was used for the purposes of comparison with Ugandan English. The research was conducted in Uganda, drawing data from English newspapers, radio and television talk -shows that were recorded to provide a structural analysis of the contact situations. The result of the study points to the fact that, indeed, the phonological, morpho-syntactic and semantic characteristics of Ugandan English have a considerable amount of influence from indigenous local languages. This study is hinged on the assumption that when indigenous languages and the target language come together in a linguistic contact situation, the resulting variety would exhibit distinct phonological, lexical, grammatical and semantic/pragmatic features ( cf. Sankoff, 2001; Thomason, 1995; Thomason & Kaufman, 1988; Winford, 2005). However, some of these innovations have attracted criticism from 'prescriptivists' such as Quirk (1985, 1988, 1990); Gaudio (2011); and Abbot (1991) who perceive them as 'nonstandard', 'incorrect English language usage' and a 'direct translation from the language user's mother tongue into English'. Yet, indigenous languages continue to play important roles in shaping the kind of English language usage in Uganda.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
"I felt that I deserved it" : an Investigation into HIV-related PTSD, traumatic life events, and the personal experiences of living with HIV : a mixed-method study
- Authors: Boulind, Melissa Jane
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder -- Psychological aspects -- Research -- South Africa -- Kwazulu HIV infections -- Psychological aspects -- Research -- South Africa -- Kwazulu HIV-positive persons -- South Africa -- Kwazulu -- Interviews Psychic trauma -- Research Stress (Psychology) -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3211 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012172
- Description: There appears to be a growing body of literature focusing on PTSD and HIV-related PTSD (the diagnosis of HIV being the significant traumatic event) amongst HIV-positive samples, but only a few African studies that attempt to estimate the prevalence of PTSD amongst HIV-positive people, and even fewer that attempt to estimate the prevalence of HIV-related PTSD. The systemic review presented in this study is currently fully inclusive and is the most up-to-date available. Estimates of the prevalence of PTSD and HIV-related PTSD in South Africa range from 0.7 to 54.1% and, 4.2 to 40% respectively. The current cross-sectional study made use of a mixed-method approach to investigate traumatic life events, PTSD and HIV-related PTSD within a primary health-care centre in KwaZulu-Natal. The quantitative sample consisted of 159 adults (18-50 years) who were compliant on ARV medication. Using the CIDI-PTSD module, the adapted CIDI-PTSD module for HIV, and IES-R, findings indicated that 62% had reported some kind of traumatic event in their lifetime, with 29.6% of participants meeting the criteria for lifetime PTSD, and 40.9% meeting the criteria for lifetime HIV-related PTSD. Altogether, 57.9% of individuals met the criteria for some form of PTSD (either regular PTSD or HIV-related PTSD), and 12.6% met the criteria for both PTSD and HIV-related PTSD. Of the different categories of traumatic events, interpersonal violence has the highest rate of PTSD, followed by a diagnosis of and living with HIV, and then disaster. Furthermore, the IES-R was compared for its usefulness as a screening measure for PTSD against both the CIDI, but results suggest that it is an inferior screening measure to the PDS. The qualitative study consisted of six participants who were examined using IPA methodology informed by the Ehlers and Clark (2000) Model of trauma. Their experiences revealed experiences of stigma, a number of negative appraisals, negative emotions and coping behaviours. Some of the latter might serve as compensatory mechanisms to avoid negative judgements. Hypervigilance seems to be a feature of ARV-compliance that might confer added vulnerability to PTSD and other anxiety disorders.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Boulind, Melissa Jane
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder -- Psychological aspects -- Research -- South Africa -- Kwazulu HIV infections -- Psychological aspects -- Research -- South Africa -- Kwazulu HIV-positive persons -- South Africa -- Kwazulu -- Interviews Psychic trauma -- Research Stress (Psychology) -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3211 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012172
- Description: There appears to be a growing body of literature focusing on PTSD and HIV-related PTSD (the diagnosis of HIV being the significant traumatic event) amongst HIV-positive samples, but only a few African studies that attempt to estimate the prevalence of PTSD amongst HIV-positive people, and even fewer that attempt to estimate the prevalence of HIV-related PTSD. The systemic review presented in this study is currently fully inclusive and is the most up-to-date available. Estimates of the prevalence of PTSD and HIV-related PTSD in South Africa range from 0.7 to 54.1% and, 4.2 to 40% respectively. The current cross-sectional study made use of a mixed-method approach to investigate traumatic life events, PTSD and HIV-related PTSD within a primary health-care centre in KwaZulu-Natal. The quantitative sample consisted of 159 adults (18-50 years) who were compliant on ARV medication. Using the CIDI-PTSD module, the adapted CIDI-PTSD module for HIV, and IES-R, findings indicated that 62% had reported some kind of traumatic event in their lifetime, with 29.6% of participants meeting the criteria for lifetime PTSD, and 40.9% meeting the criteria for lifetime HIV-related PTSD. Altogether, 57.9% of individuals met the criteria for some form of PTSD (either regular PTSD or HIV-related PTSD), and 12.6% met the criteria for both PTSD and HIV-related PTSD. Of the different categories of traumatic events, interpersonal violence has the highest rate of PTSD, followed by a diagnosis of and living with HIV, and then disaster. Furthermore, the IES-R was compared for its usefulness as a screening measure for PTSD against both the CIDI, but results suggest that it is an inferior screening measure to the PDS. The qualitative study consisted of six participants who were examined using IPA methodology informed by the Ehlers and Clark (2000) Model of trauma. Their experiences revealed experiences of stigma, a number of negative appraisals, negative emotions and coping behaviours. Some of the latter might serve as compensatory mechanisms to avoid negative judgements. Hypervigilance seems to be a feature of ARV-compliance that might confer added vulnerability to PTSD and other anxiety disorders.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Rhodes University Research Report 2015
- Rhodes University, Gillitt, Tarryn, Goba, Busi, Macgregor, Jill, Roberts, Jaine, Dore, Sally
- Authors: Rhodes University , Gillitt, Tarryn , Goba, Busi , Macgregor, Jill , Roberts, Jaine , Dore, Sally
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59298 , vital:27546
- Description: From Foreword by Dr Sizwe Mabizela: A further feature of research at Rhodes University has long been international collaborations, many of them responsible for raising the international competitiveness and voice of scholarship involving Rhodes academics and students. In March 2015, Rhodes University became a founder member of the African Research Universities’ Alliance (ARUA), launched at the African Higher Education Summit in Senegal. Leading universities with strong programmes of research and Postgraduate training formed the network of 16 institutions, which aim to bring together intersecting and complementary strengths in the interest of building critical mass in the key development priorities of the African continent. , A publication of the Rhodes University Research Office, compiled and edited by Tarryn Gillitt, Busi Goba, Patricia Jacob, Jill Macgregor and Jaine Roberts. Design & Layout: Sally Dore.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Rhodes University , Gillitt, Tarryn , Goba, Busi , Macgregor, Jill , Roberts, Jaine , Dore, Sally
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59298 , vital:27546
- Description: From Foreword by Dr Sizwe Mabizela: A further feature of research at Rhodes University has long been international collaborations, many of them responsible for raising the international competitiveness and voice of scholarship involving Rhodes academics and students. In March 2015, Rhodes University became a founder member of the African Research Universities’ Alliance (ARUA), launched at the African Higher Education Summit in Senegal. Leading universities with strong programmes of research and Postgraduate training formed the network of 16 institutions, which aim to bring together intersecting and complementary strengths in the interest of building critical mass in the key development priorities of the African continent. , A publication of the Rhodes University Research Office, compiled and edited by Tarryn Gillitt, Busi Goba, Patricia Jacob, Jill Macgregor and Jaine Roberts. Design & Layout: Sally Dore.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
A comparative study of occupational hazards amongst public hospital healthcare workers in urban and rural areas of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
- Authors: Ngobe, Sinoneliso Avuyisiwe
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Community health services , Health risk assessment -- South Africa , Hazardous materials-- KwaZulu Natal
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/56081 , vital:55291
- Description: The role of healthcare workers (HCWs) is to render services to the sick. While executing their duties, these HCWs can fall ill due to various occupational exposures. HCWs are exposed to a range of hazards including physical, biological, chemical and ergonomic hazards. These hazards can cause physical injuries, diseases, mental strain and other adverse health effects.: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of occupational hazards amongst HCWs in urban and rural areas of the KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was utilised on the estimated sample size of 270 respondents, from ten public hospitals. The sampling method used to identify participants was convenience sampling and data was collected through a self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. The analysed data was presented in descriptive and inferential summary statistics. The data was analysed using graphical and numerical descriptive statistics as well as inferential statistical techniques. The statistical significance was set at P0.05. The results revealed that both urban and rural HCWs were exposed to physical, biological, chemical and ergonomic hazards. Overall, physical hazards were the most frequently reported form of hazard exposure at 98,6%, followed by biological hazards (96,7%), ergonomic hazards (94,4%) and chemical hazards (23,7%). The duration of exposure to hazards varied from 12 months to 5 years. In a period of 12 months, radiation, cold, heat, slips and trips were the most common sources of physical hazard exposure while direct contact with patient bodily fluids was the most common source of biological hazard exposure and mercury was the most common source of chemical hazard exposure. More than a quarter of the HCWs had experienced some form of assault by a patient in the preceding 12 months. Over a three-year period, both urban and rural area HCWs reported the use of post-exposure prophylaxis and experienced symptoms of chemical exposure at work. Less than 6% of the HCWs had developed an occupational disease in the previous five years. There were no statistically significant differences in total exposure to hazards between urban and rural area HCW. , Thesis (Mtech) --Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Ngobe, Sinoneliso Avuyisiwe
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Community health services , Health risk assessment -- South Africa , Hazardous materials-- KwaZulu Natal
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/56081 , vital:55291
- Description: The role of healthcare workers (HCWs) is to render services to the sick. While executing their duties, these HCWs can fall ill due to various occupational exposures. HCWs are exposed to a range of hazards including physical, biological, chemical and ergonomic hazards. These hazards can cause physical injuries, diseases, mental strain and other adverse health effects.: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of occupational hazards amongst HCWs in urban and rural areas of the KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was utilised on the estimated sample size of 270 respondents, from ten public hospitals. The sampling method used to identify participants was convenience sampling and data was collected through a self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. The analysed data was presented in descriptive and inferential summary statistics. The data was analysed using graphical and numerical descriptive statistics as well as inferential statistical techniques. The statistical significance was set at P0.05. The results revealed that both urban and rural HCWs were exposed to physical, biological, chemical and ergonomic hazards. Overall, physical hazards were the most frequently reported form of hazard exposure at 98,6%, followed by biological hazards (96,7%), ergonomic hazards (94,4%) and chemical hazards (23,7%). The duration of exposure to hazards varied from 12 months to 5 years. In a period of 12 months, radiation, cold, heat, slips and trips were the most common sources of physical hazard exposure while direct contact with patient bodily fluids was the most common source of biological hazard exposure and mercury was the most common source of chemical hazard exposure. More than a quarter of the HCWs had experienced some form of assault by a patient in the preceding 12 months. Over a three-year period, both urban and rural area HCWs reported the use of post-exposure prophylaxis and experienced symptoms of chemical exposure at work. Less than 6% of the HCWs had developed an occupational disease in the previous five years. There were no statistically significant differences in total exposure to hazards between urban and rural area HCW. , Thesis (Mtech) --Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The development of the secretaryship to the government at the Cape of Good Hope under John Montagu, 1843-1852
- Authors: Breitenbach, J J
- Date: 1958
- Subjects: Montagu, John, 1797-1853 , Montagu family , Cape of Good Hope (Colony) -- Parliament -- Legislative Council , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2620 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1014603
- Description: The development of the Cape Colony during the 'forties and early 'fifties last century is, indeed, a fascinating study. And as one aspect of it, a critical study analysis of the public career of John Montagu, while he was Colonial Secretary at the Cape, is of particular interest. For, by tracing the influence of his office in relation to the changing political, social and economic structures of the colony, it is hoped some contribution will be made to the knowledge of the period. Thus, the present thesis is, in part, an examination of the duties and responsibilities of the Colonial Office; but more particularly, it is an examination of how Montagu, who virtually dominated the Cape scene for almost a decade interpreted these duties and responsibilities. By concentrating, then, on his role in the civil administration and political management of colonial affairs, other aspects are revealed. The authority of the Colonial Office, which had through the years become a sort of government 'archives', was developed to such an extent, that every memorandum issued by it seems to set the tone for government policy. More. The very fact that Montagu was, time and again, left in charge of civil affairs at the Cape, while it reveals the dominant native problem and the vital question of defence, accounts also for the patenalism in government. The most important primary sources for this study have been the British Parliamentary Papers on Cape Affairs, the Cape of Good Hope Blue Books, Government House Records and the relevant minutes of the Executive and Legislative Councils. The Annual Almanacs of the Cape proved to be invaluable; they contain a wealth of information on the institutions of government, central and local, as well as the most indispensable returns for all the many services at the Cape.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1958
- Authors: Breitenbach, J J
- Date: 1958
- Subjects: Montagu, John, 1797-1853 , Montagu family , Cape of Good Hope (Colony) -- Parliament -- Legislative Council , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2620 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1014603
- Description: The development of the Cape Colony during the 'forties and early 'fifties last century is, indeed, a fascinating study. And as one aspect of it, a critical study analysis of the public career of John Montagu, while he was Colonial Secretary at the Cape, is of particular interest. For, by tracing the influence of his office in relation to the changing political, social and economic structures of the colony, it is hoped some contribution will be made to the knowledge of the period. Thus, the present thesis is, in part, an examination of the duties and responsibilities of the Colonial Office; but more particularly, it is an examination of how Montagu, who virtually dominated the Cape scene for almost a decade interpreted these duties and responsibilities. By concentrating, then, on his role in the civil administration and political management of colonial affairs, other aspects are revealed. The authority of the Colonial Office, which had through the years become a sort of government 'archives', was developed to such an extent, that every memorandum issued by it seems to set the tone for government policy. More. The very fact that Montagu was, time and again, left in charge of civil affairs at the Cape, while it reveals the dominant native problem and the vital question of defence, accounts also for the patenalism in government. The most important primary sources for this study have been the British Parliamentary Papers on Cape Affairs, the Cape of Good Hope Blue Books, Government House Records and the relevant minutes of the Executive and Legislative Councils. The Annual Almanacs of the Cape proved to be invaluable; they contain a wealth of information on the institutions of government, central and local, as well as the most indispensable returns for all the many services at the Cape.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1958
Rhodeo, Vol. 22, No. 16
- Date: 1968-08-22
- Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:14590 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019462
- Description: Rhodeo is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Rhodeo was established in 1947, and renamed in 1994 as Activate. During apartheid Rhodeo became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1968-08-22
- Date: 1968-08-22
- Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:14590 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019462
- Description: Rhodeo is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Rhodeo was established in 1947, and renamed in 1994 as Activate. During apartheid Rhodeo became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1968-08-22