The evolution of heteronomous host relationships in Aphelinidaa (Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea) with special reference to the biology of Coccophagus Bartletti Annecke and Insley
- Authors: Walter, Grenville Hugh
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Hymenoptera
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5620 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003746
- Description: Résumé: Heteronomous host relationships are unique to parasitoids in about 8 aphelinid genera. Males have host relationships quite distinct from those of their females. Females of ALL species are primary endoparasitoids of homopterous hosts. Males, on the other hand, may be either primary ectoparasitoids of the same host species as their conspecific females, or they may be hyperparasitic upon parasitoids within Homoptera, and some are primary endoparasitoids of moth eggs. Species in these groups are termed DIPHAGOUS PARASITOIDS, HETERONOMOUS HYPERPARASITOIDS and HETEROTROPHIC PARASITOIDS, respectively. The selective advantages proposed to explain the evolution of these unusual host relationships are examined in this thesis. The biology of a diphagous parasitoid was examined in detail because diphagous parasitism is considered the most primitive of heteronomous host relationships. Diphagous parasitism is thought to have evolved during a period when ovipositing females continuously encountered large proportions of parasitised hosts. Larval competition may have generated the selection pressures that favoured male ectoparasitism. Ectoparasitoids are known to be superior in competition against other larvae, even older ones. A series of observations was carried out on the diphagous parasitoid, Coccophagus bartletti. Information was gathered on oviposition and host-feeding behaviour, daily activity patterns, and sex ratios in the laboratory and field. This enabled the design and interpretation of a series of observations on the responses of mated C. bartletti females to already-parasitised hosts. The results indicate that competition from other parasitoids probably played no role in the evolution of diphagous host relationships. Heteronomous hyperparasitoids, thought to have evolved from diphagous parasitoids, appear to be strong competitors because their males kill other parasitoids. However, an alternative hypothesis to the competition one, and based on the present study, is presented. Implications for the generally-held view, that competition is important in moulding species' characters, are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Walter, Grenville Hugh
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Hymenoptera
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5620 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003746
- Description: Résumé: Heteronomous host relationships are unique to parasitoids in about 8 aphelinid genera. Males have host relationships quite distinct from those of their females. Females of ALL species are primary endoparasitoids of homopterous hosts. Males, on the other hand, may be either primary ectoparasitoids of the same host species as their conspecific females, or they may be hyperparasitic upon parasitoids within Homoptera, and some are primary endoparasitoids of moth eggs. Species in these groups are termed DIPHAGOUS PARASITOIDS, HETERONOMOUS HYPERPARASITOIDS and HETEROTROPHIC PARASITOIDS, respectively. The selective advantages proposed to explain the evolution of these unusual host relationships are examined in this thesis. The biology of a diphagous parasitoid was examined in detail because diphagous parasitism is considered the most primitive of heteronomous host relationships. Diphagous parasitism is thought to have evolved during a period when ovipositing females continuously encountered large proportions of parasitised hosts. Larval competition may have generated the selection pressures that favoured male ectoparasitism. Ectoparasitoids are known to be superior in competition against other larvae, even older ones. A series of observations was carried out on the diphagous parasitoid, Coccophagus bartletti. Information was gathered on oviposition and host-feeding behaviour, daily activity patterns, and sex ratios in the laboratory and field. This enabled the design and interpretation of a series of observations on the responses of mated C. bartletti females to already-parasitised hosts. The results indicate that competition from other parasitoids probably played no role in the evolution of diphagous host relationships. Heteronomous hyperparasitoids, thought to have evolved from diphagous parasitoids, appear to be strong competitors because their males kill other parasitoids. However, an alternative hypothesis to the competition one, and based on the present study, is presented. Implications for the generally-held view, that competition is important in moulding species' characters, are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The geology, mineralogy and chemistry of the Grahamstown clay deposits
- Authors: Smuts, Johann, 1951-
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Clay minerals -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , Mineralogy -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , Geochemistry -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5080 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015969
- Description: The Grahamstown clay deposits extend in a broad belt from 26°23 to 26°50 East longitude and from 33°15 to 33°22 South latitude along two distinct geomorphological features, the Grahamstown Peneplane (650 m) and the Coastal Plain (520m). The clay deposits traverse four different lithologies including the Bokkeveld Shale, Witteberg Shale, Dwyka Tillite and Ecca Shale. The two planes invariably have a covering of silcrete which is also present over most of the clay deposits except where erosion has taken place. X-ray fluorescence analysis shows that chemically there is a fairly wide variation between and witnin the deposits. The greatest variation is in the Si0₂/Al₂0₃ ratio which appears to be controlled by the parent lithology and to some extent by the amount of leaching. K²0 shows an increase in concentration with depth and therefore indicates the limits of hydrolysis and leaching and of the clay. X-ray diffraction study shows the Peneplane and Coastal Plain deposits to be quite distinct. The Peneplane deposits consist of kaolinite, illite and quartz and the Coastal Plain deposits of kaolinite, illite, quartz and pyrophyllite. The presence of pyrophyllite is not fully understood as there is no indication of major faulting, metamorphism or pyrophyllite in the parent rock. The pyrophyllite most probably represents a transformation product of kaolinite. The kaolinite from the various deposits shows a considerable variation in crystallinity in both the X-ray diffraction traces and electron photomicrographs. The most poorly crystalline kaolinites are from the Coastal Plain deposits and the difference in crystallinity is most probably due to differences in the degree of hydrolysis and the parent rock material in the case of the tillite. Genetically all of the deposits are residual types generated by hydrolysis and subsequent leaching of micas and feldspars. The principal elements leached are silicon, iron and potassium. The hydrolysis and leaching took place over a long period of time in the flat lying areas of the Peneplane and Coastal Plain. The deposits are exploited economically and the clay is used principally in the tile, pottery and whiteware industries with some usage in the paper, refractory and brickmaking industries. The price commanded by raw kaolin is not very high and as a result the clay industry in Grahamstown is not as viable economically as it could be.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Smuts, Johann, 1951-
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Clay minerals -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , Mineralogy -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , Geochemistry -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5080 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015969
- Description: The Grahamstown clay deposits extend in a broad belt from 26°23 to 26°50 East longitude and from 33°15 to 33°22 South latitude along two distinct geomorphological features, the Grahamstown Peneplane (650 m) and the Coastal Plain (520m). The clay deposits traverse four different lithologies including the Bokkeveld Shale, Witteberg Shale, Dwyka Tillite and Ecca Shale. The two planes invariably have a covering of silcrete which is also present over most of the clay deposits except where erosion has taken place. X-ray fluorescence analysis shows that chemically there is a fairly wide variation between and witnin the deposits. The greatest variation is in the Si0₂/Al₂0₃ ratio which appears to be controlled by the parent lithology and to some extent by the amount of leaching. K²0 shows an increase in concentration with depth and therefore indicates the limits of hydrolysis and leaching and of the clay. X-ray diffraction study shows the Peneplane and Coastal Plain deposits to be quite distinct. The Peneplane deposits consist of kaolinite, illite and quartz and the Coastal Plain deposits of kaolinite, illite, quartz and pyrophyllite. The presence of pyrophyllite is not fully understood as there is no indication of major faulting, metamorphism or pyrophyllite in the parent rock. The pyrophyllite most probably represents a transformation product of kaolinite. The kaolinite from the various deposits shows a considerable variation in crystallinity in both the X-ray diffraction traces and electron photomicrographs. The most poorly crystalline kaolinites are from the Coastal Plain deposits and the difference in crystallinity is most probably due to differences in the degree of hydrolysis and the parent rock material in the case of the tillite. Genetically all of the deposits are residual types generated by hydrolysis and subsequent leaching of micas and feldspars. The principal elements leached are silicon, iron and potassium. The hydrolysis and leaching took place over a long period of time in the flat lying areas of the Peneplane and Coastal Plain. The deposits are exploited economically and the clay is used principally in the tile, pottery and whiteware industries with some usage in the paper, refractory and brickmaking industries. The price commanded by raw kaolin is not very high and as a result the clay industry in Grahamstown is not as viable economically as it could be.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The Hakea fruit weevil, Erytenna consputa Pascoe (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and the biological control of Hakea sericea Schrader in South Africa
- Authors: Kluge, Robert Louis
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Insects as biological pest control agents -- South Africa Biological pest control agents -- South Africa Beetles -- South Africa Curculionidae -- South Africa Weeds -- Biological control -- South Africa Pests -- Biological control -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5629 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004911
- Description: Hakea sericea is a shrub, introduced into South Africa from southern Australia, that is now invading the indigenous "fynbos" vegetation in the Cape mountains. Presently an area of 480 000 hectares is affected. One of the main factors contributing to the success of H. sericea as a weed is its copious seed production. The seeds are accumulated on the plant throughout its life-time. When the plant eventually dies, usually after a fire, the fruits dehisce and all the seeds are released within the space of a few days, resulting in seed densities of up to 7 500 seeds per m². Dense, impenetrable stands of H. sericea develop which suppress the indigenous vegetation. Apart from the labour intensive mechanical clearing of H. sericea, biological control appears to be the only other means of control. This study deals with the post-release evaluation of the effectiveness of the first successfully-established, biological control agent, the hakea fruit weevil, Erytenna consputa. Most of the damage is done by the larval stage of the weevil which attacks the young developing fruits, thereby reducing seed production.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Kluge, Robert Louis
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Insects as biological pest control agents -- South Africa Biological pest control agents -- South Africa Beetles -- South Africa Curculionidae -- South Africa Weeds -- Biological control -- South Africa Pests -- Biological control -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5629 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004911
- Description: Hakea sericea is a shrub, introduced into South Africa from southern Australia, that is now invading the indigenous "fynbos" vegetation in the Cape mountains. Presently an area of 480 000 hectares is affected. One of the main factors contributing to the success of H. sericea as a weed is its copious seed production. The seeds are accumulated on the plant throughout its life-time. When the plant eventually dies, usually after a fire, the fruits dehisce and all the seeds are released within the space of a few days, resulting in seed densities of up to 7 500 seeds per m². Dense, impenetrable stands of H. sericea develop which suppress the indigenous vegetation. Apart from the labour intensive mechanical clearing of H. sericea, biological control appears to be the only other means of control. This study deals with the post-release evaluation of the effectiveness of the first successfully-established, biological control agent, the hakea fruit weevil, Erytenna consputa. Most of the damage is done by the larval stage of the weevil which attacks the young developing fruits, thereby reducing seed production.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The historical collection, King George VI Art Gallery, Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Forster-Towne, Rosemary
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Art collections and art museums Fine arts and History of art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2463 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008567
- Description: From Conclusion: For the sake of posterity and historical research, our need for secure origins and our appreciation of and pleasure in fine craftsmanship and art, it is important that any Art Collection, particularly an Historical one, be fully documented. All data pertaining to the pictures should be recorded from an artistic, historical and even scientific point of view and photographs should be taken of the pictures. An organized classification system, the correct registering and labeling of each picture and its accessioning and cataloguing as part of the contents of the Gallery and for visitors information, should be constantly 53 maintained and where necessary and in as many ways as possible, cross-references made so that the stored information be usable. To this end and with the growth and increasing importance being placed on Art Museums and Galleries in the community it would probably be of value to cross-reference with other similar institutions and in the respect and day and age, it is not unrealistic to propose that the King George VI Art Gallery consider a computer cataloguing system to facilitate research and complement a more simplified version for the use and guide of the general viewing public . The significance of a picture is not only its value as such, but also the information relating to it. The importance of the Historical Collection as Africana and works of art, expressive of the places, events, people and even attitudes, and as cultural and historic items, goes without saying. Without the Historical Collection of the King George VI Art Gallery, Port Elizabeth, the Eastern Cape community and South Africa too, would be the poorer. The pictures have their role to play .
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Forster-Towne, Rosemary
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Art collections and art museums Fine arts and History of art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2463 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008567
- Description: From Conclusion: For the sake of posterity and historical research, our need for secure origins and our appreciation of and pleasure in fine craftsmanship and art, it is important that any Art Collection, particularly an Historical one, be fully documented. All data pertaining to the pictures should be recorded from an artistic, historical and even scientific point of view and photographs should be taken of the pictures. An organized classification system, the correct registering and labeling of each picture and its accessioning and cataloguing as part of the contents of the Gallery and for visitors information, should be constantly 53 maintained and where necessary and in as many ways as possible, cross-references made so that the stored information be usable. To this end and with the growth and increasing importance being placed on Art Museums and Galleries in the community it would probably be of value to cross-reference with other similar institutions and in the respect and day and age, it is not unrealistic to propose that the King George VI Art Gallery consider a computer cataloguing system to facilitate research and complement a more simplified version for the use and guide of the general viewing public . The significance of a picture is not only its value as such, but also the information relating to it. The importance of the Historical Collection as Africana and works of art, expressive of the places, events, people and even attitudes, and as cultural and historic items, goes without saying. Without the Historical Collection of the King George VI Art Gallery, Port Elizabeth, the Eastern Cape community and South Africa too, would be the poorer. The pictures have their role to play .
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The hydrogeology and hydrogeochemisty of the aquifers of the Hex River Valley, Cape Province
- Authors: Rosewarne, Peter Nigel
- Date: 1984 , 2013-04-11
- Subjects: Hydrogeology , Aquifers , Water chemistry , Hydrogeology -- South Africa -- Cape Colony
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4863 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007224 , Hydrogeology , Aquifers , Water chemistry , Hydrogeology -- South Africa -- Cape Colony
- Description: The Hex River Valley is one of the main centres in South Africa for cultivation of table grapes of export quality. The vines require irrigation water, which must be low in dissolved solids. Approximately two thirds of the annual irrigation requirement is obtained from boreholes and the balance from surface water sources. During the early 1960s a deterioration in the quality of the groundwater was noticed, becoming critical in some areas, and borehole yields also declined. The main objectives of this study were therefore to obtain an understanding of the hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical processes operating in the valley to explain the derogation of the groundwater resource and enable optimum utilisation and management of the resource in the future. To achieve these objectives, field work involving exploration drilling, aquifer tests, hydrocensus, long-term monitoring of groundwater levels and surfacewater flows and extensive sampling of the ground and surface waters was carried out. Analysis of these data gave quantitative information on groundwater occurrence, aquifer hydraulic properties, groundwater recharge and storage, chemical characteristics of the ground and surfacewaters and sources of dissolved species. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Rosewarne, Peter Nigel
- Date: 1984 , 2013-04-11
- Subjects: Hydrogeology , Aquifers , Water chemistry , Hydrogeology -- South Africa -- Cape Colony
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4863 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007224 , Hydrogeology , Aquifers , Water chemistry , Hydrogeology -- South Africa -- Cape Colony
- Description: The Hex River Valley is one of the main centres in South Africa for cultivation of table grapes of export quality. The vines require irrigation water, which must be low in dissolved solids. Approximately two thirds of the annual irrigation requirement is obtained from boreholes and the balance from surface water sources. During the early 1960s a deterioration in the quality of the groundwater was noticed, becoming critical in some areas, and borehole yields also declined. The main objectives of this study were therefore to obtain an understanding of the hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical processes operating in the valley to explain the derogation of the groundwater resource and enable optimum utilisation and management of the resource in the future. To achieve these objectives, field work involving exploration drilling, aquifer tests, hydrocensus, long-term monitoring of groundwater levels and surfacewater flows and extensive sampling of the ground and surface waters was carried out. Analysis of these data gave quantitative information on groundwater occurrence, aquifer hydraulic properties, groundwater recharge and storage, chemical characteristics of the ground and surfacewaters and sources of dissolved species. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The Karoo igneous province: an introduction
- Eales, Hugh V, Marsh, Julian S, Cox, K G
- Authors: Eales, Hugh V , Marsh, Julian S , Cox, K G
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/133945 , vital:37043 , http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=6519910
- Description: The Karoo rocks are amongst the earliest manifestations of igneous activity accompanying the break-up of Gondwanaland during the early Mesozoic. Remnants of the once extensive lava sequence and the associated dolerite sills are found throughout southern Africa south of latitude 150S, the present outcrop being ca. 140,000 km². The main peak of volcanic activity is dated at about 190 m.y. and is probably coincident with the earliest stages of the opening of the Indian Ocean by the separation of Antarctica from southern Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Eales, Hugh V , Marsh, Julian S , Cox, K G
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/133945 , vital:37043 , http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=6519910
- Description: The Karoo rocks are amongst the earliest manifestations of igneous activity accompanying the break-up of Gondwanaland during the early Mesozoic. Remnants of the once extensive lava sequence and the associated dolerite sills are found throughout southern Africa south of latitude 150S, the present outcrop being ca. 140,000 km². The main peak of volcanic activity is dated at about 190 m.y. and is probably coincident with the earliest stages of the opening of the Indian Ocean by the separation of Antarctica from southern Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The Lord is my Shepard
- Nowotay, N., Doctor, Mixed Church Choir and Queenstown Cathedral Congregation, Composer Not Specified, Dargie, Dave, Huwiler, Kurt
- Authors: Nowotay, N., Doctor , Mixed Church Choir and Queenstown Cathedral Congregation , Composer Not Specified , Dargie, Dave , Huwiler, Kurt
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Church music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Queenstown f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/287291 , vital:56372 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DD076-03
- Description: Ordination of Bishop Herbert Lenhof with marimba music accompaniment.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Nowotay, N., Doctor , Mixed Church Choir and Queenstown Cathedral Congregation , Composer Not Specified , Dargie, Dave , Huwiler, Kurt
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Church music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Queenstown f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/287291 , vital:56372 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DD076-03
- Description: Ordination of Bishop Herbert Lenhof with marimba music accompaniment.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
The Lord is my Shepard
- Church Congregation, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave, Huwiler, Kurt
- Authors: Church Congregation , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave , Huwiler, Kurt
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Lumko sa
- Language: isiXhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/415052 , vital:71211 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC140b-05
- Description: Ordination ceremony hymn of Bishop Lenhof with organ accompaniment.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Church Congregation , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave , Huwiler, Kurt
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Lumko sa
- Language: isiXhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/415052 , vital:71211 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC140b-05
- Description: Ordination ceremony hymn of Bishop Lenhof with organ accompaniment.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
The Lord's my Shepherd, I'll not want
- Queenstown Roman Catholic Cathedral ordination choir of 1984, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave
- Authors: Queenstown Roman Catholic Cathedral ordination choir of 1984 , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Queenstown sa
- Language: IsiXhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/352617 , vital:64135 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC362a-20
- Description: Catholic Mass hymn sung for the ordination of Bishop Herbert Lenhof with organ accompaniment
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Queenstown Roman Catholic Cathedral ordination choir of 1984 , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Queenstown sa
- Language: IsiXhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/352617 , vital:64135 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC362a-20
- Description: Catholic Mass hymn sung for the ordination of Bishop Herbert Lenhof with organ accompaniment
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
The mathematical experience : inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University
- Authors: Kotze, W.J.
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:644 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020713 , ISBN 0868101060
- Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Kotze, W.J.
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:644 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020713 , ISBN 0868101060
- Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The petrology of the Merensky cyclic unit and associated rocks and their significance in the evolution of the Western Bushveld Complex
- Authors: Kruger, Floris Johan
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Petrology -- Africa, Southern Petrofabric analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5006 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005636
- Description: A brief review of the various models proposed to account for the Bushveld Complex shows that there are two main hypotheses. These are the Multiple Intrusion hypothesis and the In Situ Crystallization hypothesis. The latter also allows for multiple additions to the crystallizing magma, and several variants involving the number of these inputs , their composition, volume and timing have been proposed. To facilitate description and investigation of the study section, the stratigraphic nomenclature of this part of the Rustenberg Layered Suite is revised and clarified. It is proposed that the boundary between the Critical Zone and Main Zone be placed at the base of the Merensky cyclic unit, and thus the whole of the Merensky and Bastard cyclic units are included in the Main Zone. Furthermore, the extremely confused terminology for smaller units within the Merensky and Bastard cyclic units is resolved by discarding the term Reef as a formal term and substituting lithological terms such as Merensky pegmatoid, Merensky pyroxenite, Bastard pyroxenite and Merensky mottled anorthosite etc. It is recommended that the term Reef be retained as an informal term to designate the mineralized horizon which may be mined, regardless of lithology. The term "pegmatoid" is restricted to stratiform or lensoid masses of coarse grained feldspathic pyroxenite or harzburgite which are part of the layered sequence. The transgressive vertical pipe-like, coarse-grained ultramafic "iron-rich bodies are termed "ultramafic pegmatites ". The main features of the Merensky and Bastard cyclic units are the regular chemical and mineralogical changes that occur with respect to stratigraphic height in these units. In the Merensky cyclic unit there is a smooth iron enrichment in the orthopyroxenes upward in the succession and a transition from pyroxenite at the base to mottled anorthosite at the top of the unit. The Bastard cyclic unit is broadly similar to the Merensky cyclic unit. A variety of textures and chemical features are in disequilibrium in some samples but not in others, and great complexity is evident wh en individual samples are studied in detail. The initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of plagioclase separates and whole rocks from the study section show a distinct step-like increase in the Merensky cyclic unit to .70806 at the base of the, Merensky cyclic unit to .70806 at the base of the Bastard cyclic unit. In contrast , samples from below the Merensky cyclic unit have a constant initial Sr-isotopic ratio, as do the samples from the Bastard cyclic unit. These isotopic and chemical data, and available published geologic relationships suggest that a major new influx of basic magma occurred after the Footwall unit was deposited and that this mixed with the residual magma in the chamber and then precipitated the Merensky and Bastard cyclic units. The crystal settling theory as outlined by Wager and Brown (1968) fails to account for the chemical and stratigraphic variations observed in the study section. The theory of bottom crystallization, initially proposed by Jackson (1961), more adequately explains the features observed. Applying a model outlined by Irvine (1980a & b), it has been established from chemical data, that the Merensky cyclic unit crystallized from a magma layer with a thickness roughly equivalent to the average thickness of the cyclic unit itself (±10m). A similar exercise on the Bastard unit was not possible. The formation of the Footwall unit is still enigmatic. Infiltration metasomatism and sintering can modify the petrographic and chemical characteristics of rocks and minerals after deposition at the liquidus stage. During the solidification of the crystal mush a separate vapour phase may form in the crystal mush, which could move up through the crystal pile. This process may ultimately be responsible for the generation of potholes and pegmatoidal horizons, such as the Merensky pegmatoid. The upward increase in the initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio within the Merensky cyclic unit is strong evidence that infiltration metasomatism has played an important part in the generation of the Merensky cyclic unit. This process, coupled with fluid enrichment, may also result in the formation of pegmatoid layers. Sintering appears to have been a common process in the mottled anorthosites of the study section and may have severely reduced the amount of trapped interstitial liquid in these rocks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Kruger, Floris Johan
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Petrology -- Africa, Southern Petrofabric analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5006 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005636
- Description: A brief review of the various models proposed to account for the Bushveld Complex shows that there are two main hypotheses. These are the Multiple Intrusion hypothesis and the In Situ Crystallization hypothesis. The latter also allows for multiple additions to the crystallizing magma, and several variants involving the number of these inputs , their composition, volume and timing have been proposed. To facilitate description and investigation of the study section, the stratigraphic nomenclature of this part of the Rustenberg Layered Suite is revised and clarified. It is proposed that the boundary between the Critical Zone and Main Zone be placed at the base of the Merensky cyclic unit, and thus the whole of the Merensky and Bastard cyclic units are included in the Main Zone. Furthermore, the extremely confused terminology for smaller units within the Merensky and Bastard cyclic units is resolved by discarding the term Reef as a formal term and substituting lithological terms such as Merensky pegmatoid, Merensky pyroxenite, Bastard pyroxenite and Merensky mottled anorthosite etc. It is recommended that the term Reef be retained as an informal term to designate the mineralized horizon which may be mined, regardless of lithology. The term "pegmatoid" is restricted to stratiform or lensoid masses of coarse grained feldspathic pyroxenite or harzburgite which are part of the layered sequence. The transgressive vertical pipe-like, coarse-grained ultramafic "iron-rich bodies are termed "ultramafic pegmatites ". The main features of the Merensky and Bastard cyclic units are the regular chemical and mineralogical changes that occur with respect to stratigraphic height in these units. In the Merensky cyclic unit there is a smooth iron enrichment in the orthopyroxenes upward in the succession and a transition from pyroxenite at the base to mottled anorthosite at the top of the unit. The Bastard cyclic unit is broadly similar to the Merensky cyclic unit. A variety of textures and chemical features are in disequilibrium in some samples but not in others, and great complexity is evident wh en individual samples are studied in detail. The initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of plagioclase separates and whole rocks from the study section show a distinct step-like increase in the Merensky cyclic unit to .70806 at the base of the, Merensky cyclic unit to .70806 at the base of the Bastard cyclic unit. In contrast , samples from below the Merensky cyclic unit have a constant initial Sr-isotopic ratio, as do the samples from the Bastard cyclic unit. These isotopic and chemical data, and available published geologic relationships suggest that a major new influx of basic magma occurred after the Footwall unit was deposited and that this mixed with the residual magma in the chamber and then precipitated the Merensky and Bastard cyclic units. The crystal settling theory as outlined by Wager and Brown (1968) fails to account for the chemical and stratigraphic variations observed in the study section. The theory of bottom crystallization, initially proposed by Jackson (1961), more adequately explains the features observed. Applying a model outlined by Irvine (1980a & b), it has been established from chemical data, that the Merensky cyclic unit crystallized from a magma layer with a thickness roughly equivalent to the average thickness of the cyclic unit itself (±10m). A similar exercise on the Bastard unit was not possible. The formation of the Footwall unit is still enigmatic. Infiltration metasomatism and sintering can modify the petrographic and chemical characteristics of rocks and minerals after deposition at the liquidus stage. During the solidification of the crystal mush a separate vapour phase may form in the crystal mush, which could move up through the crystal pile. This process may ultimately be responsible for the generation of potholes and pegmatoidal horizons, such as the Merensky pegmatoid. The upward increase in the initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio within the Merensky cyclic unit is strong evidence that infiltration metasomatism has played an important part in the generation of the Merensky cyclic unit. This process, coupled with fluid enrichment, may also result in the formation of pegmatoid layers. Sintering appears to have been a common process in the mottled anorthosites of the study section and may have severely reduced the amount of trapped interstitial liquid in these rocks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The population dynamics of the rock hyrax procavia capensis (Pallas, 1766) in the Mountain Zebra National Park
- Authors: Fourie, Leon Johan
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Rock hyrax Mountain Zebra National Park (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5743 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005429
- Description: The chief objective of the study was to investigate the population dynamics of the hyrax in the Mountain Zebra National Park (MZNP). To realise this objective information on growth, age determination, reproduction, habitat utilization, behaviour, parasites and mortality had to be gathered. The growth of hyrax in relation to age is described by means of Stevens asymptotic regression equations. Near asymptotic measurements are attained first in hind foot length (at 30-33 months of age), head/body length (at 37-39 months of age), girth (at 41-48 months of age) and body mass (at 68-70 months of age). Allometric growth of the various body measurements was investigated and useful predictive relationships for mass are presented. Age determination of hyrax was studied in detail. Cementum annuli counts provided reliable estimates of age. One primary cementum line is formed annually. The dried eye lens mass was an accurate means of age determination up to c. 72 months of age. A summary of findings which will facilitate age determination of dead animals or skulls, and live animals, is provided. Reproduction in the hyrax was studied with emphasis on breeding season, age-specific litter sizes, prenatal mortality and lactation. Male hyrax attained puberty at 15-17 months of age or one year later. Females generally attained puberty at 15-17 months of age. One female (1,4% of total shot sample for the specific age group) attained puberty at 4-5 months of age. Middle-aged hyrax had significantly larger litter sizes than younger animals. Hyrax in the MZNP feed on at least 80 different plant species belonging to 33 plant families. Crude protein of stomach contents and faecal samples showed little seasonal fluctuation implying that hyrax in the MZNP were on a stable quality diet. Female hyrax enjoyed a significantly better quality diet than males for the four month period prior to parturition and during the first two months of lactation. The crude protein values of faecal and stomach samples had a significant correlation. Body fat of male and female hyrax showed seasonal variation related to physiologically stressful periods. Seasonal differences in activity patterns were demonstrated. The basic structure of hyrax social organization is the multi-female kinship group that is matrilocal. Territorial dominant males maintain harems and exclude all other adult males. Peripheral males occupy areas on the periphery of the activity areas of other members of the hyrax colony. Peripheral males do not form bachelor groups and are normally younger than territorial males. It is suggested that territorial males are able to monopolize between 3-17 females in a successful and energetic manner. Both natal and breeding dispersal occurred, the former being considerably more extensive than the latter. The ecto- and endoparasites of hyrax were identified and their burdens quantified over a 13 month period. Juveniles had significantly larger burdens of ectoparasites than did adults. Information on age-specific mortality was obtained from skulls collected in the field and at black eagles' nests. Losses that occurred in the study population due to caracal and black eagle predation were quantified. Evidence is supplied which indicates that juvenile mortality may fluctuate markedly. The population dynamics of the hyrax population in the MZNP was studied by the use of time specific life-tables, models on population growth rates, population simulation models and sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity coefficients were used as a predictor of population regulation. Female juvenile mortality was considered to be the main regulating factor. Changes in fecundity schedule are important compensatory mechanisms and also play an important role in the regulation of a hyrax population. Predation, particularly by caracal, is thought to dampen population fluctuations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Fourie, Leon Johan
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Rock hyrax Mountain Zebra National Park (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5743 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005429
- Description: The chief objective of the study was to investigate the population dynamics of the hyrax in the Mountain Zebra National Park (MZNP). To realise this objective information on growth, age determination, reproduction, habitat utilization, behaviour, parasites and mortality had to be gathered. The growth of hyrax in relation to age is described by means of Stevens asymptotic regression equations. Near asymptotic measurements are attained first in hind foot length (at 30-33 months of age), head/body length (at 37-39 months of age), girth (at 41-48 months of age) and body mass (at 68-70 months of age). Allometric growth of the various body measurements was investigated and useful predictive relationships for mass are presented. Age determination of hyrax was studied in detail. Cementum annuli counts provided reliable estimates of age. One primary cementum line is formed annually. The dried eye lens mass was an accurate means of age determination up to c. 72 months of age. A summary of findings which will facilitate age determination of dead animals or skulls, and live animals, is provided. Reproduction in the hyrax was studied with emphasis on breeding season, age-specific litter sizes, prenatal mortality and lactation. Male hyrax attained puberty at 15-17 months of age or one year later. Females generally attained puberty at 15-17 months of age. One female (1,4% of total shot sample for the specific age group) attained puberty at 4-5 months of age. Middle-aged hyrax had significantly larger litter sizes than younger animals. Hyrax in the MZNP feed on at least 80 different plant species belonging to 33 plant families. Crude protein of stomach contents and faecal samples showed little seasonal fluctuation implying that hyrax in the MZNP were on a stable quality diet. Female hyrax enjoyed a significantly better quality diet than males for the four month period prior to parturition and during the first two months of lactation. The crude protein values of faecal and stomach samples had a significant correlation. Body fat of male and female hyrax showed seasonal variation related to physiologically stressful periods. Seasonal differences in activity patterns were demonstrated. The basic structure of hyrax social organization is the multi-female kinship group that is matrilocal. Territorial dominant males maintain harems and exclude all other adult males. Peripheral males occupy areas on the periphery of the activity areas of other members of the hyrax colony. Peripheral males do not form bachelor groups and are normally younger than territorial males. It is suggested that territorial males are able to monopolize between 3-17 females in a successful and energetic manner. Both natal and breeding dispersal occurred, the former being considerably more extensive than the latter. The ecto- and endoparasites of hyrax were identified and their burdens quantified over a 13 month period. Juveniles had significantly larger burdens of ectoparasites than did adults. Information on age-specific mortality was obtained from skulls collected in the field and at black eagles' nests. Losses that occurred in the study population due to caracal and black eagle predation were quantified. Evidence is supplied which indicates that juvenile mortality may fluctuate markedly. The population dynamics of the hyrax population in the MZNP was studied by the use of time specific life-tables, models on population growth rates, population simulation models and sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity coefficients were used as a predictor of population regulation. Female juvenile mortality was considered to be the main regulating factor. Changes in fecundity schedule are important compensatory mechanisms and also play an important role in the regulation of a hyrax population. Predation, particularly by caracal, is thought to dampen population fluctuations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The practical and theoretical implications of pretreatment and posttreatment anxiety levels in alcoholic in-patients
- Authors: Thomson, Peter R S
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:21129 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6494
- Description: Pretreatment and posttreatment anxiety scores on the IPAT Anxiety Inventory and the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale were obtained from 27 alcoholic in-patients who participated in an alcoholic treatment programme. The treatment programme focused on abstinence and not on anxiety reduction. The results showed that there was a significant decrease between the pre- and the posttreatment anxiety scores on both measures . The duration of hospitalization or the attendance of group psychotherapy did not affect the decrease in anxiety scores. The implications of these results for Pattison's (1979) Multivariate Multimodal model of alcoholism are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Thomson, Peter R S
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:21129 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6494
- Description: Pretreatment and posttreatment anxiety scores on the IPAT Anxiety Inventory and the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale were obtained from 27 alcoholic in-patients who participated in an alcoholic treatment programme. The treatment programme focused on abstinence and not on anxiety reduction. The results showed that there was a significant decrease between the pre- and the posttreatment anxiety scores on both measures . The duration of hospitalization or the attendance of group psychotherapy did not affect the decrease in anxiety scores. The implications of these results for Pattison's (1979) Multivariate Multimodal model of alcoholism are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The role of continental lithosphere in the generation of the Karoo volcanic rocks: evidence from combined Nd-and Sr-isotope studies
- Hawkesworth, C J, Marsh, Julian S, Duncan, Andrew R, Erlank, Anthony J, Norry, M J
- Authors: Hawkesworth, C J , Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Erlank, Anthony J , Norry, M J
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134165 , vital:37080 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=6453596
- Description: 143Nd/144Nd, 87Sr/86Sr, Sm and Nd analyses are reported on suites of Karoo volcanic rocks from the four sub-areas of Nuanetsi-north Lebombo, south Lebombo, the Central area, and north-west SWA/Namibia. Only seven (12%) of the samples analysed have positive ENd values similar to those found in the majority of recent mantle-derived rocks. Most of the rest have negative ENd (-1.0 to -17.1) and positive ESr, (+3.0 to +240) and thus must contain at least a contribution from source areas which were both old, and had lower Sm/Nd and higher Rh/Sr ratios than the bulk earth.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Hawkesworth, C J , Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Erlank, Anthony J , Norry, M J
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134165 , vital:37080 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=6453596
- Description: 143Nd/144Nd, 87Sr/86Sr, Sm and Nd analyses are reported on suites of Karoo volcanic rocks from the four sub-areas of Nuanetsi-north Lebombo, south Lebombo, the Central area, and north-west SWA/Namibia. Only seven (12%) of the samples analysed have positive ENd values similar to those found in the majority of recent mantle-derived rocks. Most of the rest have negative ENd (-1.0 to -17.1) and positive ESr, (+3.0 to +240) and thus must contain at least a contribution from source areas which were both old, and had lower Sm/Nd and higher Rh/Sr ratios than the bulk earth.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The search for power and legitimacy in Black urban areas: the role of the Urban Councils Association of South Africa
- Authors: Atkinson, Doreen
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Urban Councils Association of South Africa Neighborhood government -- South Africa Black people -- South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1864 , vital:20234 , ISBN 0868101141
- Description: Since their establishment in 1977, Community Councils, like their predecessors, have been severely criticised by urban blacks for their powerlessness. Councillors themselves are disappointed with their inability to improve the living and working conditions of their constituents, and are aware of the rejection of councils as a meaningful political forum by many sectors of black society. In 1978 the Urban Councils Association of South Africa (UCASA) was formed to tie together the ineffective Councils into a more forceful power bloc, which would provide Councils with greater legitimacy and political credibility in the community. By doing so, UCASA acts as a counter to the Administration Boards manned predominantly by whites; UCASA is therefore in the difficult position of operating within government- created structures, while challenging the very structure on which itself is based. This report will outline UCASA's structure and activities within the context of the controversial position of local black urban authorities. It will also be necessary to describe UCASA's political standpoints, both on issues relating to Community Councils and broader South African problems. Three dominant themes constantly recur: structural deficiencies within UCASA itself; tension between UCASA and white officials within Administration Boards and the Department of Co-operation and Development; and UCASA's reaction to left-wing critics who adhere to the non-collaborationist approach with regard to government-created institutions. These divergent attitudes to UCASA will be discussed in more detail towards the end of the paper; finally, an evaluation of UCASA's success in establishing itself as a focal point of pressure for reform from within the ranks of Community Councils will be presented. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Atkinson, Doreen
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Urban Councils Association of South Africa Neighborhood government -- South Africa Black people -- South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1864 , vital:20234 , ISBN 0868101141
- Description: Since their establishment in 1977, Community Councils, like their predecessors, have been severely criticised by urban blacks for their powerlessness. Councillors themselves are disappointed with their inability to improve the living and working conditions of their constituents, and are aware of the rejection of councils as a meaningful political forum by many sectors of black society. In 1978 the Urban Councils Association of South Africa (UCASA) was formed to tie together the ineffective Councils into a more forceful power bloc, which would provide Councils with greater legitimacy and political credibility in the community. By doing so, UCASA acts as a counter to the Administration Boards manned predominantly by whites; UCASA is therefore in the difficult position of operating within government- created structures, while challenging the very structure on which itself is based. This report will outline UCASA's structure and activities within the context of the controversial position of local black urban authorities. It will also be necessary to describe UCASA's political standpoints, both on issues relating to Community Councils and broader South African problems. Three dominant themes constantly recur: structural deficiencies within UCASA itself; tension between UCASA and white officials within Administration Boards and the Department of Co-operation and Development; and UCASA's reaction to left-wing critics who adhere to the non-collaborationist approach with regard to government-created institutions. These divergent attitudes to UCASA will be discussed in more detail towards the end of the paper; finally, an evaluation of UCASA's success in establishing itself as a focal point of pressure for reform from within the ranks of Community Councils will be presented. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The synthesis and properties of some polymer hydrogels
- Authors: Hird, Bryn
- Date: 1984 , 2013-04-05
- Subjects: Colloids
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4428 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006975 , Colloids
- Description: The interactions between water molecules and polyelectrolyte species in aqueous solutions are reviewed and are used to infer interactions occuring in swollen crosslinked polyelectrolyte hydrogels. Linear poly(acrylic acid ) and derivatives neutralised to varying degrees with alkali-metal hydroxides are prepared and characterised. Samples of these compounds are crosslinked by 'Y - irradiation to form hydrogels. Hydration studies on linear polymers, crosslinked material and a commercial polyacrylate hydrogel indicate a possible hydration structure and provide some insight into the nature of water-polymer interactions within a sHollen polyacrylate gel. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Hird, Bryn
- Date: 1984 , 2013-04-05
- Subjects: Colloids
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4428 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006975 , Colloids
- Description: The interactions between water molecules and polyelectrolyte species in aqueous solutions are reviewed and are used to infer interactions occuring in swollen crosslinked polyelectrolyte hydrogels. Linear poly(acrylic acid ) and derivatives neutralised to varying degrees with alkali-metal hydroxides are prepared and characterised. Samples of these compounds are crosslinked by 'Y - irradiation to form hydrogels. Hydration studies on linear polymers, crosslinked material and a commercial polyacrylate hydrogel indicate a possible hydration structure and provide some insight into the nature of water-polymer interactions within a sHollen polyacrylate gel. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The winter diet of gentoo penguins at Marion Island
- LaCock, G D, Hecht, Thomas, Klages, N
- Authors: LaCock, G D , Hecht, Thomas , Klages, N
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/448453 , vital:74731 , https://doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1984.9634486
- Description: The diet of Gentoo Penguins Pygoscelis papua at Marion Island was studied during September 1982. Samples were obtained from 64 birds using a stomach-pump. Fish accounted for 70% of the diet by wet weight, and crustaceans 30%. Fishes occurred in 72% of the samples, crustaceans in 75%, cephalopods in 13%, and molluscs in 8%. Cephalopods and molluscs did not form a significant proportion of any single sample. Harpagifer georgianus was the predominant fish in the diet (92,7% of otoliths recovered), and Nauticaris marionis was the only crustacean.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: LaCock, G D , Hecht, Thomas , Klages, N
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/448453 , vital:74731 , https://doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1984.9634486
- Description: The diet of Gentoo Penguins Pygoscelis papua at Marion Island was studied during September 1982. Samples were obtained from 64 birds using a stomach-pump. Fish accounted for 70% of the diet by wet weight, and crustaceans 30%. Fishes occurred in 72% of the samples, crustaceans in 75%, cephalopods in 13%, and molluscs in 8%. Cephalopods and molluscs did not form a significant proportion of any single sample. Harpagifer georgianus was the predominant fish in the diet (92,7% of otoliths recovered), and Nauticaris marionis was the only crustacean.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
Thuma mina = Send me my Lord
- Ntsikana Memorial Church Congregation, Zwelitsha Independent group of churches, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave
- Authors: Ntsikana Memorial Church Congregation , Zwelitsha Independent group of churches , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape sa
- Language: isiXhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/445041 , vital:74336 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC189a-04
- Description: Church song from independent group of churches with drum and clapping accompaniment
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Ntsikana Memorial Church Congregation , Zwelitsha Independent group of churches , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape sa
- Language: isiXhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/445041 , vital:74336 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC189a-04
- Description: Church song from independent group of churches with drum and clapping accompaniment
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
Title Not Specified
- Dywili, N., Daughter of N. Dywili, Composer Not Specified, Dargie, Dave, Muller, Carol, Jopp, Janet
- Authors: Dywili, N. , Daughter of N. Dywili , Composer Not Specified , Dargie, Dave , Muller, Carol , Jopp, Janet
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Ngqoko f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289771 , vital:56675 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DD080-13
- Description: Traditional Xhosa music, accompanied by clapping.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Dywili, N. , Daughter of N. Dywili , Composer Not Specified , Dargie, Dave , Muller, Carol , Jopp, Janet
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Ngqoko f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289771 , vital:56675 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DD080-13
- Description: Traditional Xhosa music, accompanied by clapping.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
Title Not Specified
- Xhexhe, Siyabonga, Lelekho, Mbulelo, Composer Not Specified, Dargie, Dave, Muller, Carol, Jopp, Janet
- Authors: Xhexhe, Siyabonga , Lelekho, Mbulelo , Composer Not Specified , Dargie, Dave , Muller, Carol , Jopp, Janet
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Lumko f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289817 , vital:56680 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DD080-17
- Description: Traditional Xhosa music played with the Inkinge bow.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Xhexhe, Siyabonga , Lelekho, Mbulelo , Composer Not Specified , Dargie, Dave , Muller, Carol , Jopp, Janet
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Folk music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Lumko f-sa
- Language: Xhosa
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289817 , vital:56680 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DD080-17
- Description: Traditional Xhosa music played with the Inkinge bow.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1984