An examination of the use of the contextual question in examining Shakespeare's plays at the standard ten level in Cape Education Department schools
- Authors: Mullineux, Peter Newton
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Study and teaching , English literature -- Examinations, questions, etc. , English literature -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1346 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001412
- Description: Six years as a sub-examiner of both literature and written work made me aware of a personal dissatisfaction with the system of examining. This research examines in detail the use of the contextual question in examining Shakespeare's plays. The main concern has been to try to deduce what constitutes a good set of contextual questions. This area appears to have attracted little detailed research. However, there is much general writing on the teaching of literature. There is no major conclusion in the dissertation but rather a series of conclusions related to the concept of the contextual question. These are summarised towards the end of chapter three. Some general recommendations appear at the end of chapter three as a sub-heading. The findings of this investigation indicate a need for further research into the system of examining literature in the Cape. It is hoped that teachers and examiners reading this dissertation will be able to use the findings to provide a possible framework for the setting of sound contextual questions
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- Date Issued: 1989
An existential-phenomenological explication of being-a-black student at a predominantly white university, with special reference to Rhodes University
- Authors: Harilall, Rehena Ranir
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Racism , South Africa , Black university students , College , Racism -- South Africa -- Psychological aspects , College students, Black , College students, Black -- South Africa -- Psychology
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2903 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002067
- Description: This study attempts to explore, theoretically and empirically, the experience of being black in a predominantly white university. It is more specifically concerned with perceived interaction between members of different cultural and ethnic groups, namely, between black and white. Using the existential-phenomenological method the experience of seven subjects, both male and female, were explicated. This explication revealed that black students become aware of their "difference" during interaction with members of the dominant white group. The black students perceive the behaviour of the white-dominant group to be racist and this creates a great deal of latent hostility, anger, and resentment. It is suggested that a programme be developed to diffuse the conflict situation during intergroup interaction at university.
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- Date Issued: 1989
An experiment in literary critical appreciation, using a comparison between three nineteenth-century novels prescribed by the Cape Education Department and a random sample of Mills and Boon popular romance fiction
- Authors: Stear, Natalie Jean
- Date: 1989
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1347 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001413
- Description: The novel as an art form provides writers with the opportunity of exercising their imaginative power to create a 'speaking picture' of life. Whatever form that picture may take, it is vital that it should offer relevance to real life. The literature teacher's earnest intention, therefore, should be to encourage an appreciation of literary novels among adolescent pupils in order to enrich the quality of their living and to sharpen their awareness of the human condition. Teaching adolescents to discern the essential differences between the novel of quality and the novel which exists purely to provide wish-fulfilment and sensual titillation is the aim of this dissertation. Thus a structural analysis of the literary novel is presented, asserting that certain aspects of the novel should be identified and appreciated by the developing reader. Three novels which have recently been prescribed by the Cape Education Department for pupils in standards 9 or 10 are briefly examined in order to test the itensity of their illusion of reality in conjuction with the literary skills of their creators. These novels are Pride and Prejudice (Jane Austen), Wuthering Heights (Emily Brontë) and Tess of the d'Urbervilles (Thomas Hardy). Each has been viewed from a different angle, but each reveals its right to be evaluated as great literature. In order to develop literary appreciation among teenage readers, and to convince them of the delights and insights to be gained, it is proposed that comparison of the 'literary' with the 'unliterary' novel should promote discernment and sound judgement. Popular romance fiction, as published by Mills & Boon, is therefore investigated. These stories enjoy immense popularity, particularly among teenage girls. Far from promoting the illusion that life has been faithfully represented, these novels are shown to reveal a world manipulated to suit both the author and the reader: life as it might have been rather than as it is. A sample of adolescent responses to this type of comparative reading is provided in the last chapter. These responses reveal that the pupils' critical faculties were engaged and literary appreciation was evident
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- Date Issued: 1989
An explication of the dual nature of narcissism in Patrick White's novel The solid mandala
- Authors: Watts, Jacqueline Anne
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: White, Patrick, 1912-1990. The Solid Mandala White, Patrick, 1912-1990 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2907 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002072
- Description: The focus of this thesis has been to engage in a hermeneutic dialogue with Patrick White's novel The solid mandala, to provide an explication of the dual nature of narcissistic wounding. To this end a brief review of Patrick White's novels is given, which traces a thematic development of the hero's strivings to attain wholeness and merger with an idealized image. This struggle is understood to reflect man's strivings to return to a state of omnipotent fusion with the maternal image, be it God, nature, the idealized other, or the self. Literature which reflects the dual nature of narcissistic wounding is reviewed, and the concept of narcissism is traced from the historical roots of Freud, to current understandings of the function and experience of narcissism. Emphasis is given to understanding the experiential nature of narcissistic wounding. As such it is implied that narcissism is a normal developmental component which requires the facilitation of containment and reflection for its transformation into appropriate adult functioning. The importance of the maternal environment is discussed, together with the various theoretical conceptualizations of the consequences of failure of the environment. The hermeneutic dialogue with the novel's description of the experiences of the twins, Waldo and Arthur provides the basis for an amplification of the experience of narcissistic wounding. This amplification is used as clinical material from which a number of psychoanalytic formulations are drawn. These formulations are supported by a number of clinical examples from the researcher's own practice. There appears to be evidence for the value of focusing on the dual nature of the experience of narcissistic wounding. This focus reveals two aspects of experience, a damaged, positive, libidinal aspect and a defensive, pathological destructive aspect. Amplification of these two aspects of experience contribute to further the understanding of the conflictual experience of narcissistic wounding, and suggest the necessity for such an understanding for effective therapeutic intervention
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- Date Issued: 1989
An investigation into the dietary requirements of Oreochromis Mossambicus fry and the formulation and preparation of a dry food for use in aquaculture
- Authors: Thorpe, Peter Stuart
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Cichlids , Tilapia -- Nutrition , Aquaculture
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5184 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001960 , Cichlids , Tilapia -- Nutrition , Aquaculture
- Description: The need for developing a dry feed which satisfied the nutrient requirements of Oreochromis mossambicus fry was identified. The spawning and grading techniques which resulted in a higher fecundity and ensured uniformity within and between samples of fry are discussed. Preparation techniques were developed which met the physical requirements of fry feeds. An analysis of the flesh and yolk sac fry for amino acid composition was undertaken. The initial test diet was based on these results, as well as on the natural feeding ecology of the species. Feeding trials were undertaken and growth responses monitored to determine the optimum levels of the various dietary components. A feed was developed which gave superior growth to that obtained with natural food organisms. This feed consisted of Torula yeast (47%), Weider Super Protein (44.39%), Vitamin supplement (0.45% - multivitamin), additional vitamin C supplement (0.16%), Spirulina (5%), and methionine supplement (3%). An optimum particle size range for O. mossambicus fry (between 5 & 25mm) was established at 125-200um. The fry should be fed the following feed ratios depending on age: 30.4% body weight/day up to day 5, 30.6% body weight/day up to day 10 and 25.1% body weight/day up to day 15. An optimum feeding frequency of 8/10hr day was recommended. A feed conversion ratio of 1.24:1 and a protein efficiency ratio of 0.682:1 was obtained. Digestable energy of the feed was determined at 16.1 kj/g feed. The established dry feed is suitable for use in commercial hatcheries, and as a formulation for further research on the intensive rearing of O. mossambicus fry.
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- Date Issued: 1989
An investigation into the need for counselling service at the Cape College of Education
- Authors: Blom, Lana-Lorraine
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Counseling in higher education Teachers -- Training of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Cape College of Education Counseling
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1610 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003492
- Description: Many students find that their greatest academic step is that from high school to college or university, and that it involves a transition affecting almost all aspects of their lives. In order to offer assistance to students experiencing transitional and other personal problems, Student Counselling Services have been established and are operature at most tertiary institutions in Southern Africa. Currently no such service exists on the campus of the Cape College of Education, Fort Beaufort. This exploratory study attempts to determine whether there is a need for such a service and further, to establish factors which might encourage or discourage students from using such a service. An open-ended questionnaire was administered to 178 students at the College in order to gain insight into their ideas and feelings and what they perceive their needs to be. Through an explication of the student protocols, several major themes emerged and are discussed in detail. The research findings suggest a need for the establishment of a counselling service, and shed some light on factors which need be considered should such a service be offered. The methodological approach is discussed as well as recommendations for improvements.
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- Date Issued: 1989
An investigation into the pre-service training of secondary school mathematics teachers at colleges of education administered by the House of Representatives
- Authors: Hendricks, Mogamat Armien
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Mathematics teachers -- Training of -- South Africa Mathematics -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- South Africa Colored people (South Africa) -- Education Colored people (South Africa) -- Education (Secondary)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1864 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004591
- Description: This study involves an investigatioh into the nature and effectiveness of the pre-service training, where provided, of secondary school Mathematics teachers at the 11 colleges of education administered by the House of Representatives in the Republic of South Africa. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the HDE (Secondary) course offered at some of the aforementioned colleges of education is justified, In spite of the fact that it contravenes the requirements of the Education Act, No. 73 of 1969. Three different questionnaires were designed and during 1986 were sent to heads of Mathematics departments at the aforementioned colleges of education , to Mathematics teacher educators at these colleges and to beginning secondary school Mathematics teachers, teaching at schools administered by the House of Representatives in the Eastern Cape and Natal. The findings of this study show that the secondary course for Mathematics teachers is only offered at 5 of the 11 colleges of education and only a small percentage of students take this course. During 1986 most of the Mathematics teacher educators at the colleges of education were not suitably qualified. The study also shows that the Mathematics curriculum for the training of secondary school teachers is inadequate and a revision thereof is thus recommended. An obvious conclusion drawn from the findings is that the training of secondary school Mathematics teachers at these colleges of education is still in an early stage of development. One of the main recommendations of this study is that the training of secondary school Mathematics teachers at colleges of education administered by the House of Representatives should be terminated , in view of its ineffectiveness and In accordance with Education Act , No . 73 of 1969. On the other hand, in case this is not possible, suggestions are also made for the improvement of the pre-service training of secondary school mathematics teachers at these colleges of education.
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- Date Issued: 1989
An investigation into the properties of cotton fibres as used in nonwoven fabrics
- Authors: Lutseke, Nothando Sazikazi
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Cotton -- Analysis , Fibers -- Analysis , Nonwoven fabrics -- Analysis , Textile chemistry
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4552 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018241
- Description: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the properties that characterise cotton fibres in the various stages in the CPNF process as well as to determine which fibre characteristics a r e required to entangle the fibres to produce a successful CPNF . The criteria adopted in this work for a successful CPNF include: 1. the tensile strength of the fabrics 2. a well-defined pattern 3. absorbency and wicking The properties selected for investigation were 1. the cotton fibre surface (using SEM and DSC analyses) 2. the degree of degradation of the cotton fibre as a result of the CPNF process (using cellulose fluidity measurements) 3. the non-cellulosic content of the fibre (using IR, DSC, and Chemical analyses) 4. fibre friction 5. absorbency and wicking 6. tensile properties Analysis of the results indicates clearly what the fundamental properties of the cotton fibre must be for a successful cotton CPNF to be manufactured. The conclusions also indicate the necessary properties a man-made fibre must have to produce a successful CPNF.
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- Date Issued: 1989
An investigation into the social/personality guidance needs of a group of secondary school pupils
- Authors: McGregor, Dale
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Interpersonal relations in adolescence , Personality in adolescence , Educational counseling , Adolescent psychology , Youth -- Counseling of
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1353 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001419
- Description: School guidance aims to meet the social/personality, educational and vocational needs of pupils, and the curriculum, organised and drawn up by the relevant State education departments, attempts to address these needs. This investigation set out to discover the guidance needs of pupils specifically in the social/personality area, and further, to state these needs in such a way as to allow the logical development of guidance programmes. Group and individual interviews were conducted using a sample of 72 high school pupils, selected from standards six to eight. The results show clearly the areas in which the pupils perceive their needs to lie. It is also apparent that further research in this area is strongly indicated.
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- Date Issued: 1989
Apneic Bradycardia : terrestrial and aquatic responses in man under working conditions
- Authors: Manley, Elizabeth
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Apnea Respiration -- Measurement Heart rate monitoring Work -- Physiological aspects Underwater -- Physiology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5098 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001838
- Description: The focus of this research was the reappraisal in physiological and psychophysical terms of current equivocal theories regarding the onset, course and termination of apneic bradycardia. Sixteen healthy male subjects participated in four separate testing sessions . Maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂ max) was measured on land and underwater using an identical direct, continuous progressive cycle ergometer test. On each of two other occasions subjects exercised in either environment at 50, 70 and 90% of the appropriate VO₂ max, during which time heart rate was continuously recorded. An initial apneic bout at each exercise intensity was followed by performance of the same workload without apnea for an equivalent period of time. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were also monitored. While apneic bradycardia occurred at each exercise intensity studied underwater, it was apparent only at 50% VO₂ max on land. With the exception of between 50 and 90% VO₂ max on land, the mean apneic heart rates did not differ with varying exercise intensity (p<0.05); nor did the lowest heart rate recorded, although this was lower underwater than on land. Apart from 70% VO₂ max on land, apneic heart rates were lower than the equivalent values measured during exercise without apnea. Land and underwater heart rates during apneic and non-apneic conditions did not differ until 90% VO₂ max. The effects of increasing exercise intensity upon the onset of bradycardia were evident in that it occurred earlier at 50% VO₂ max underwater than at the heavier workloads, and only at 50% VO₂ max on land. The mean breath-hold duration did not differ between the land and underwater environments, nor was it affected by increasing exercise intensity. The order in which breath-holds was performed did not alter the length of apnea. Land and underwater RPE did not differ and increased with increasing exercise intensity in both environments. During apneic exercise RPE was greater than the equivalent exercise without apnea. Twelve of the original 16 subjects were divided equally into two groups on the basis of vital capacity expressed relative to body surface area. Vital capacity was measured during the first laboratory session. Neither the mean heart rate response to apneic exercise at 50% V0₂ max in both environments, nor the lowest heart rates recorded differed between groups, prompting the conclusion that lung volume did not affect apneic bradycardia. Despite a longer breath-hold duration for Group A (large relative lung volume) than Group B (small relative lung volume), the onset point of bradycardia was the same for either group when expressed relative to total breath-hold duration
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- Date Issued: 1989
Arguments for other minds
- Authors: Dowling, Dolina Sylvia
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Mind and body -- Philosophy
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2702 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001977
- Description: If I am aware of my own mental states by introspection (a) How can I know that other people have minds? and (b) How can I know what their mental states are? These are two of the questions with which I will be concerned in this dissertation. I discuss five different attempts to deal with them. (i) The claim that we can know that other people have minds by an argument from analogy. I show a number of serious flaws in Russell's and other versions of this argument. (ii) Malcolm's thesis that the criteria by which we apply mental terms to others are just different from the criteria one applies in one's own case. I argue that Halcolm's accounts of both first- and third-person criteria are not adequate. (iii) I consider Strawson claim that 'persons' is a primitive concept and that behavioural criteria are "logically adequate" for determining the correctness of statements about the mental states of others. I argue that both of his key concepts are underanalysed. (iv) A quite different attempt to answer our questions (a) and (b) is given by the empirical realist who argues that knowledge claims about other minds are best understood as hypotheses in a wider psycho-physical theory. I show that the major fault in Putnam's version of empirical realism is that he overlooks the subjective character of (iii) our mental states. (v) Finally I consider the claim, due to Nagel, that a conception of mental states is possible which incorporates both subjective and objective aspects of the phenonemon. I speculate that with a great deal of development this approach might hold the answer to our questions.
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- Date Issued: 1989
Assessment of factors influencing the quality of surface and ground water in the Hout Bay river catchment
- Authors: Pearce, Meryl Winsome
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Water -- South Africa -- Hout Bay Hydrology Water -- Pollution -- South Africa -- Hout Bay Water quality -- South Africa -- Hout Bay Aquatic ecology Water quality Hout Bay river (South Africa) Groundwater -- South Africa -- Hout Bay
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4800 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001900
- Description: An investigation into the quality of surface water and ground water was conducted during 1988 in the 38,8 km² Hout Bay River catchment near Cape Town. The main objective of the study was to determine those areas and activities which constitute a pollution source and to ascertain the relative proportion which each contributes to the pollution problem and health risk of the surf zone of the beach at Hout Ba . The objective was achieved by monitoring the chemical and microbiological attributes of the Hout Bay River, its tributaries and stormdrains in wet and dry conditions on a routine basis and during storm events. Hout Bay is a rapidly developing residential area in which sewage disposal occurs by means of septic tank soakaway systems. Ground water quality was monitored to investigate the contribution to contamination by septic tank effluent. Results showed that stormdrain effluent in dry and wet conditions and surface runoff during rainfall were the main vectors of pollution. Although the pollution concentration was high during dry conditions the greatest pollution discharge to the surf zone of Hout Bay occurred during storm events. In view of the proposed residential development it is imperative that pollution control measures be undertaken so as to secure the future recreational and aesthetic value of Hout Bay
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- Date Issued: 1989
Attitudes to family planning in the Taung area of Bophuthatswana: a social work perspective
- Authors: Thekisho, Geraldine Nomonde
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Birth control -- South Africa -- Bophuthatswana , Bophuthatswana (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:3277 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004914 , Birth control -- South Africa -- Bophuthatswana , Bophuthatswana (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Description: Emphasis in the study is on the prevalence of poverty especially in the so called third world developing countries. Poverty as a social problem is caused by a number of factors, viz: Over population, unemployment, illiteracy, etc. In the case of the study the focus is the rapid population growth or "population explosion" as it is commonly known. Family planning is sen as important, but not the only strategy in combatting the interrelated problem of population growth and development. The relevance and importance of social workers, as members of a multidisciplinary team in the delivery of family planning programmes is emphasised. There is evidence in the study to support the observation that Black African people in particular are reluctant to use family planning methods. Based on this evidence, the basic assumption arrived at is that there is a general unfavourable attitude to family planning in the Taung area. The research design used is exploratory-descriptive. Of the 75 areas in the district, 10 areas were included In the investigation. A stratified random sample was used, with a sample size of 200 respondents. The interview schedule was used to collect data. It was structured and consisted primarily of close-ended questions, and was analysed using the Biomedical Data Programme (B.M.D.P.). The problem is formulated from literature concerned with population growth in the Republic of South Africa as well as Bophuthatswana. The following sub-problems were described: illegitimacy; health and economic problems associated with large families; abortion; malnutrition and malnourishment; and the absence of services of the National Family Planning Programme In the Taung area. Compatibility between social work and family planning is a central concern, with community development as a significant method of intervention. The three important concepts in the study were broadly defined, viz: Overpopulation, family planning and attitude. It was established that: -the use of family planning follows rather than precedes the process of modernisation and rising economic standards; -no family planning programme can be practised universally - because of factors such as culture, need and habit. Attitudinal change is considered based on the basic assumption arrived at. Little has been done on the subject of family planning in south Africa. With regard to the role of social work in family planning, there have been impediments along the following lines: lack of firm tradition; emphasis on treatment rather than on preventive work; a view of family planning asa health measure and to be offered solely in the medical and health services. To be active in this field social workers need formal education and training. Taung: - the area of study is predominantly rural with almost all characteristics of rural areas, those of: Irregular transport services to and from remote areas; corrugated roads; primitive sanitary conditions; poor communication system; absence of electricity in villages; illiteracy and unemployment. On the other hand, development is evident especially in the health, education and welfare fields. The central findings in the study are those arising from resistances to family planning usage - politically; culturally; morally and psychologically. The general conclusions are: The high rate of unemployment is present in the sample and there is financial dependence on partners (men); the importance of social workers in family planning is emphasised; there is a desire to have large numbers of children (children feature prominently in the area and are regarded as an asset in various ways); and lastly, improved education does lead to an increase in motivation to adopt family planning practices. Against the highlighted findings, recommendations were made, viz that: Community development be used as a strategy for change; social workers be involved as team members in family planning - in policy formulation and planning of population programmes at various levels, using different methods of intervention; paramedical aides beused - because of inter alia shortage of qualified manpower and lastly formal education and training to be granted to prospective change agents in family planning delivery programmes. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
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- Date Issued: 1989
Biological studies of insect herbivores associated with some species of Solanum L
- Authors: Olckers, Terence
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Solanum -- Control -- South Africa Phytophagous insects -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5593 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002043
- Description: Solanum mauritianum Scop. (bugweed), a serious exotic weed in South Africa, supports a depauperate herbivore fauna relative to indigenous Solanum species. These comprise mainly polyphagous, and some oligophagous, species. The greater diversity of insect herbivores on Solanum hermannii Dun., relative to other indigenous Solanum species in the eastern Cape, suggests that the plant is indigenous and not exotic as has been suggested. Five oligophagous species seasonally caused a high incidence of damage to S.hermannii and other indigenous Solanum species in the eastern Cape, during the study period. Galls of the flowers, stems and leaves of some indigenous Solanum plants are described and biological data on the gall-formers and their natural enemies presented. The tortoise beetle, (Chrysomelidae), defoliates a Conchyloctenia tigrina wide range of indigenous Olivo Solanum species. The exotic S.mauritianum and S.elaeagnifolium Cav. were unfavourable for growth and survival. S.hermannii proved the most favourable of the indigenous hosts tested, for growth and survival, providing further evidence that it is indigenous. Extensive studies on different field populations of the beetle revealed no evidence of host adaptation (host races). All populations tested displayed greater fitness when reared on S.hermannii. South African Solanum faunas are characterized by a scarcity of endophagous and monophagous herbivores, vacant feeding niches and low numbers of species relative to other plant taxa. This may suggest evolutionary immaturity of the insect-plant associations, although comparative studies of solanums from other parts of the world are needed for confirmation. Alternatively, these characteristics may simply be a feature of the genus Solanum in general. The depauperate herbivore fauna of S.mauritianum reflects a lack of local herbivores suitably preadapted to overcome its defences. This appears to be accentuated by absence of any close relatives of bugweed in South Africa. The greater diversity of herbivores in its native South America suggests that biological control may be a potentially useful means of control for bugweed. The potential for biological control is, however, threatened by the susceptability of the cultivated eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) to attack by Solanum-feeding insects. Possible solutions to this problem are discussed
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- Date Issued: 1989
Comparison of different notions of compactness in the fuzzy topological space
- Authors: Morapeli, E Z
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Fuzzy mathematics Fuzzy topology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5393 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001982
- Description: Various notions of compactness in a fuzzy topological space have been introduced by different authors. The aim of this thesis is to compare them. We find that in a T₂ space (in the sense that no fuzzy net converges to two fuzzy points with different supports) all these notions are equivalent for the whole space. Furthermore, for N-compactness and f-compactness (being the only notions that are defined for an arbitrary fuzzy subset) we have equivalence under a stronger condition, namely, a T₂ space in the sense that every prime prefilter has an adherence that is non-zero in at most one point
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- Date Issued: 1989
Educare work in Ciskei with special reference to the Keiskammahoek district
- Authors: Oosthuysen, Lucia
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Educare , Education, Preschool -- South Africa -- Ciskei , Education, Primary -- South Africa -- Ciskei , Readiness for school -- South Africa -- Ciskei
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1356 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001422
- Description: High drop-out rates in the sub-standards in developing countries prompted the researcher to investigate preschool education in first and third world countries, and attend to the related problem of school readiness. The rapidly expanding Educare preschool project in the rural area ot Keiskammahoek in Ciskei was investigated as an example ot community-based low-cost preschool education. A final sample of 41 children who had attended Educare Centres were matched to a control group on age, sex, primary school (where possible), and breadwinner's occupation. The Abbreviated Aptitude Test for School Beginners (standardised on Xhosa-speaking school beginners) was used to test tor significant differences between the two groups six to seven weeks atter school entry. A t-test was used on raw scores and chi-squared tests on staves. No signiticant difference was found between the means of the experimental and control groups. On a subjective rating scale for general-linguistic development and socio-emotional adjustment, no significant difference between means of the experimental and control groups was found. The experimental group's tailure to perform better than the control group, could be ascribed to various reasons, amongst others, the possible shortcoming that the pairs were not matched on intelligence, severe lack ot equipment in Educare Centres, large numbers of children in the majority of groups, uniform programmes for a wide age range, irregular attendance ot children, the low level of training of supervisors and poor home conditions. Scholastic abilities of school beginners in the Keiskammahoek District, as tested, were poor. Results deviated grossly from standardised norms. The expected percentage for the combined categories Very Weak and Weak is, tor instance, 31%; in this investigation, however, 73% of the testees fell in these two classes. Chronologically older children generally performed better. A highly significant difference existed between testees under six years and those over six years. This investigation indicated the need for better organised preschool education in rural areas in Ciskei. proposals with substantial financial implications are: Better training of para-professional staff by qualified staff. Training of qualified staff to provide expertise in preschool education in Ciskei. Provision of sufficient educational materials by Government subsidies and private sponsors. Institution of bridge classes by the Ciskei Department of Education to promote school readiness. Suggestions without financial implications include: An investigation of regulations regarding entrance age for basic education. Only in exceptional cases should children under six be admitted. Daily programmes in Educare Centres geared towards learning readiness without becoming academic. An age limit of three years for admittance to Educare Centres. Very young children should be catered for separately. Liaison between Sub A teachers and Educare staff. , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
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- Date Issued: 1989
Effects of incremented loads over preferred values on psychophysical and selected gait kinematic factor
- Authors: Manley, Peter Gwynne
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Psychophysiology , Kinematics , Work -- Physiological aspects , Human engineering
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5160 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015734
- Description: This study investigated the effects of incremented loads greater than maximal acceptable loads on selected locomotor kinematic and psychophysical variables for four different hand-held load-carriage methods. Ten male and ten female subjects, between the ages of 18 and 30, participated in four experimental sessions. Data collection involved obtaining selected anthropometric, strength, maximal load and preferred load, gait kinematic, and psychophysical values. The anthropometric, strength and load capacity variables enabled absolute and morphology normalised sex-based comparisons to be made. The kinematic and psychophysical parameters were used to quantify any changes from two sets of baseline values,"unloaded" and "maximal acceptable load" values, when loads were increased and carrying methods changed. Statistical analysis revealed that males were taller, heavier and stronger than females (p<0.05). Males chose significantly greater maximal acceptable loads and absolute maximal loads than females when expressed in their absolute or relative terms. Preferred walking speeds were not significantly different for unloaded or loaded conditions, although males walked significantly faster in absolute terms (but not in relative terms) than females. Different load carrying methods and incremented loads brought. about significant changes to several of the kinematic parameters investigated. Finally, ratings of perceived exertion, as well as the number of exertion sites, were seen to increase significantly as load increased. These values were not, however, significantly affected by differences in load carriage method.
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- Date Issued: 1989
Emergency law: judicial control of executive power under the states of emergency in South Africa
- Authors: Grogan, John
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: War and emergency legislation -- South Africa , Internal security -- South Africa , Civil rights -- South Africa , Executive power -- South Africa , Judicial review of administrative acts -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3674 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003189 , War and emergency legislation -- South Africa , Internal security -- South Africa , Civil rights -- South Africa , Executive power -- South Africa , Judicial review of administrative acts -- South Africa
- Description: This work examines the legal effects of a declaration of a state of emergency under the Public Safety Act 3 of 1953 and the exercise of legislative and administrative powers pursuant thereto. The general basis of judicial control over executive action and the various devices used to limit or oust the court's jurisdiction are set out and explained. Against this background, the courts' performance of their supervisory role under the special circumstances of emergency rule is critically surveyed and assessed. The legal issues raised by the exercise of emergency powers is examined at the various levels of their deployment: first, the declaration of a state of emergency; second, the making of emergency regulations; third, their execution by means of administrative action, including detention, banning, censorship and the use of force. The major cases concerning emergency issues, both reported and unreported, are analysed in their appropriate contexts, and an overview provided of the effects of emergency regulations and orders on such freedoms as South Africans enjoy under the 'ordinary' law. Finally, an attempt is made to assess how these decisions have affected the prospect of judicial review of executive action, both in the emergency context and in the field of administrative law generally. The conclusion is that, however far the Appellate Division may appear to have gone towards eliminating the role of the law in the emergency regime, grounds remain for the courts to exercise a more vigorous supervisory role should they choose to do so in future.
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- Date Issued: 1989
Energetic and kinematic responses to morphology-normalised speeds of walking and running
- Authors: Williams, Martin Andrew
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Running -- Physiological aspects , Walking -- Physiological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5166 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016240
- Description: This study investigated the influence of human morphology upon selected physiological, biomechanical and psychological responses to horizontal locomotion. In so doing, it was possible to evaluate the effectiveness with which morphology-normalised speeds of walking and running reduced the between-subject variability that is inherent in human locomotor responses. Twenty caucasian males were divided into two groups on the basis of stature - ten subjects in each of a "short" category (<170cm) and a "tall" category (>185cm). All subjects were habituated to treadmill locomotion prior to exposure to three walking treatments (0.83, 1.39 and 1.94m.s⁻¹) and three running treatments (2.50, 3.06 and 3.61m.s⁻¹). During each of these five-minute locomotor conditions, energetic (V02), kinematic (cadence and stride length) and psychophysical (central and local RPE) data were captured. From these data, lines of best fit were calculated for each subject, allowing for a prediction of the abovementioned locomotor variables from known absolute rates of progression. Using suitable regression equations, subject responses to morphology-normalised speeds of walking and running were effectively extrapolated. When the rate of progression was expressed in absolute terms (m.s⁻¹), significant differences (P <0.05) were found between the stature-related groups with respect to both energetic and kinematic locomotor responses. Such differences were successfully eliminated when use was made of locomotor speeds relativised on the basis of morphology. This study concludes that the use of appropriately prescribed morphology-normalised rates of progression are effective in reducing the variability in locomotor responses between subjects differing significantly in stature.
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- Date Issued: 1989
Ethical issues in human movement research
- Authors: Olivier, Stephen Chris
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Human mechanics , Human mechanics -- Research -- Moral and ethical aspects , Research -- Moral and ethical aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5156 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015402
- Description: In acknowledging past abuses of humans in research contexts, and recognising the potential for malpractices in Human Movement Studies (HMS), this study evaluated the extent to which ethical issues are addressed in the discipline. The primary method consisted of the standard techniques of philosophic analysis, with empirical data complementing the conclusions. In general, the study contends that insufficient attention is paid to ethical issues in HMS research. In response to a set of specifically constructed, ethically problematic research proposals, only 1.8% of comments from senior researchers advocated rejection of the proposals on ethical grounds. Also, a journal search indicated that consideration of ethical issues in published research may largely be absent. Questionnaire responses revealed that South African HMS departments may be deficient in terms of accountability towards ethical guidelines. Whilst noting the existence of utilitarian ethics in HMS research, it is advocated that deontologic principles should take precedence. Further, only a sound educative effort will produce improvements. In conclusion, this study advocates a deontology-based approach to research ethics. This is consistent with the contention that the use of humans in research is a privilege, and that the rights of participants ought to outweigh the desire of researchers to conduct research.
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- Date Issued: 1989