Educated mother-tongue South African English: A corpus approach
- Adendorff, Ralph, de Klerk, Vivian A, de Vos, Mark, Hunt, Sally, Simango, Ronald, Todd, Louise, Niesler, Thomas
- Authors: Adendorff, Ralph , de Klerk, Vivian A , de Vos, Mark , Hunt, Sally , Simango, Ronald , Todd, Louise , Niesler, Thomas
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124352 , vital:35597 , https://doi.org/10.1080/10228190608566261
- Description: South Africa is anecdotally known for its complex system of speech varieties correlating with variables such as ethnicity, first language, class and education. These intuitions (e.g. Lass 1990) require further investigation, especially in the context of a changing South Africa where language variety plays a key role in identifying social, economic and ethnic group membership. Thus, in this research, the extent to which these variables play a role in variety is explored using a corpus approach (the nature of class and race in the corpus is discussed more fully later in the article). The corpus project, focusing primarily on accent, has been undertaken by members of the Department of English Language and Linguistics at Rhodes University in South Africa, collaborating with staff from the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering from Stellenbosch University, South Africa. A corpus (the first of its kind) is being compiled, comprising the speech of educated, white, mother-tongue speakers of South African English (as distinct from Afrikaans English, Indian English, and the second language (L2) varieties of English used by speakers of indigenous African languages), and data collection is well under way. This short article aims to describe the aims of the project, and the methodological approach which underpins it, as well as to highlight some of the more problematic aspects of the research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Adendorff, Ralph , de Klerk, Vivian A , de Vos, Mark , Hunt, Sally , Simango, Ronald , Todd, Louise , Niesler, Thomas
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124352 , vital:35597 , https://doi.org/10.1080/10228190608566261
- Description: South Africa is anecdotally known for its complex system of speech varieties correlating with variables such as ethnicity, first language, class and education. These intuitions (e.g. Lass 1990) require further investigation, especially in the context of a changing South Africa where language variety plays a key role in identifying social, economic and ethnic group membership. Thus, in this research, the extent to which these variables play a role in variety is explored using a corpus approach (the nature of class and race in the corpus is discussed more fully later in the article). The corpus project, focusing primarily on accent, has been undertaken by members of the Department of English Language and Linguistics at Rhodes University in South Africa, collaborating with staff from the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering from Stellenbosch University, South Africa. A corpus (the first of its kind) is being compiled, comprising the speech of educated, white, mother-tongue speakers of South African English (as distinct from Afrikaans English, Indian English, and the second language (L2) varieties of English used by speakers of indigenous African languages), and data collection is well under way. This short article aims to describe the aims of the project, and the methodological approach which underpins it, as well as to highlight some of the more problematic aspects of the research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Pragmatic research design
- Amos, Trevor L, Pearse, Noel J
- Authors: Amos, Trevor L , Pearse, Noel J
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/270943 , vital:54494 , xlink:href="https://academic-publishing.org/index.php/ejbrm/article/view/1230/1193"
- Description: The creation of wealth is an important issue in any society, and entrepreneurship is regarded as an important catalyst in the creation of new wealth. This presents a challenge to develop entrepreneurship successfully. An important site for the development of entrepreneurship is higher education. The challenge however, is that there is a lack of a general understanding on how to educate students for entrepreneurship. In addition, current thought and practice on entrepreneurship education is historically biased, implying that graduates are essentially prepared for the past instead of for the future. From the perspective of higher education, the problem is how to develop current students to be entrepreneurial in the future. What is needed is to project into the future and then to develop an understanding of what should be taught as well as how it should be taught today. A versatile research technique that can assist in achieving this objective is the Delphi technique, as it is used to conduct futures research or research into areas where knowledge is incomplete. The Delphi method is a type of group interview, using the collective opinion of knowledgeable experts. The technique makes use of several rounds of data collection and feedback to create a consensus of opinion. Making use of the Delphi technique, research is being designed that will formulate expert‑based strategic guidelines on entrepreneurial education within the South African higher education sector. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the research design considerations that arise in the use of the Delphi technique for this purpose and how they are addressed. The main characteristics of the Delphi are presented and arguments for the use of the Delphi within a constructivist paradigm are discussed. Practical issues related to the design of the Delphi, panel‑member selection, and the formulation of panel questions, are examined. In illustrating these design considerations, the paper demonstrates a pragmatic approach to research design as well as the importance of creating coherence between the research question, the research paradigm, the research method and its use, encouraging research practitioners to adopt a more systematic, deliberate and philosophically‑based approach to research design.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Amos, Trevor L , Pearse, Noel J
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/270943 , vital:54494 , xlink:href="https://academic-publishing.org/index.php/ejbrm/article/view/1230/1193"
- Description: The creation of wealth is an important issue in any society, and entrepreneurship is regarded as an important catalyst in the creation of new wealth. This presents a challenge to develop entrepreneurship successfully. An important site for the development of entrepreneurship is higher education. The challenge however, is that there is a lack of a general understanding on how to educate students for entrepreneurship. In addition, current thought and practice on entrepreneurship education is historically biased, implying that graduates are essentially prepared for the past instead of for the future. From the perspective of higher education, the problem is how to develop current students to be entrepreneurial in the future. What is needed is to project into the future and then to develop an understanding of what should be taught as well as how it should be taught today. A versatile research technique that can assist in achieving this objective is the Delphi technique, as it is used to conduct futures research or research into areas where knowledge is incomplete. The Delphi method is a type of group interview, using the collective opinion of knowledgeable experts. The technique makes use of several rounds of data collection and feedback to create a consensus of opinion. Making use of the Delphi technique, research is being designed that will formulate expert‑based strategic guidelines on entrepreneurial education within the South African higher education sector. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the research design considerations that arise in the use of the Delphi technique for this purpose and how they are addressed. The main characteristics of the Delphi are presented and arguments for the use of the Delphi within a constructivist paradigm are discussed. Practical issues related to the design of the Delphi, panel‑member selection, and the formulation of panel questions, are examined. In illustrating these design considerations, the paper demonstrates a pragmatic approach to research design as well as the importance of creating coherence between the research question, the research paradigm, the research method and its use, encouraging research practitioners to adopt a more systematic, deliberate and philosophically‑based approach to research design.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Perspectives on leadership
- Authors: Arnolds, Cecil Ashleigh
- Subjects: Leadership , Industrial management , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21857 , vital:29794
- Description: My fields of study are business management and organizational behaviour (OB). In business management we study how to manage businesses effectively by executing various functions (marketing, finance, human resources management, general and strategic management, purchasing and logistics, public relations management, production and opertaions, information technology management) and management tasks (planning, organising, leading and control) (Bosch, Tait and Venter, 2006).
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Arnolds, Cecil Ashleigh
- Subjects: Leadership , Industrial management , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21857 , vital:29794
- Description: My fields of study are business management and organizational behaviour (OB). In business management we study how to manage businesses effectively by executing various functions (marketing, finance, human resources management, general and strategic management, purchasing and logistics, public relations management, production and opertaions, information technology management) and management tasks (planning, organising, leading and control) (Bosch, Tait and Venter, 2006).
- Full Text: false
“As soon as the four sides are all equal, then the angles must be 90° each”: children's misconceptions in geometry
- Atebe, Humphrey U, Schäfer, Marc
- Authors: Atebe, Humphrey U , Schäfer, Marc
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140983 , vital:37934 , DOI: 10.1080/10288457.2008.10740634
- Description: This study describes Nigerian and South African students' conceptual understanding in high school geometry based on the van Hiele model of geometric thinking levels. The study further highlights students' misconceptions in school geometry. Concepts of triangles and quadrilaterals were investigated among 36 mathematics learners drawn from grades 10 through 12 who participated in this study. The tasks included identifying and naming shapes, sorting of shapes, stating the properties of shapes, defining of shapes and establishing class inclusions of shapes. The results indicated that many Nigerian and South African high school learners in Grade 10, 11 and 12 hold a number of misconceptions about geometric concepts of triangles and quadrilaterals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Atebe, Humphrey U , Schäfer, Marc
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140983 , vital:37934 , DOI: 10.1080/10288457.2008.10740634
- Description: This study describes Nigerian and South African students' conceptual understanding in high school geometry based on the van Hiele model of geometric thinking levels. The study further highlights students' misconceptions in school geometry. Concepts of triangles and quadrilaterals were investigated among 36 mathematics learners drawn from grades 10 through 12 who participated in this study. The tasks included identifying and naming shapes, sorting of shapes, stating the properties of shapes, defining of shapes and establishing class inclusions of shapes. The results indicated that many Nigerian and South African high school learners in Grade 10, 11 and 12 hold a number of misconceptions about geometric concepts of triangles and quadrilaterals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
The trajectory, dynamics, determinants and nature of institutional change in post-1994 South African higher education
- Authors: Badat, Saleem
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: Conference paper , text
- Identifier: vital:7120 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006568
- Description: Introduction: The institutional change agenda in post-1994 South African higher education has been extensive in its objects, ambitious in its goals, and far-reaching in nature. Given its scope, it is not possible here to critically analyse change in all its dimensions or in all arenas. Instead, this paper confines itself to analysing the trajectory, dynamics, outcomes and determinants of institutional change in South African higher education since 1994, and concludes with observations on the nature of change. , Higher Education Close Up 4 : University of Cape Town, Breakwater Conference Centre, 26-28 June 2008
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Badat, Saleem
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: Conference paper , text
- Identifier: vital:7120 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006568
- Description: Introduction: The institutional change agenda in post-1994 South African higher education has been extensive in its objects, ambitious in its goals, and far-reaching in nature. Given its scope, it is not possible here to critically analyse change in all its dimensions or in all arenas. Instead, this paper confines itself to analysing the trajectory, dynamics, outcomes and determinants of institutional change in South African higher education since 1994, and concludes with observations on the nature of change. , Higher Education Close Up 4 : University of Cape Town, Breakwater Conference Centre, 26-28 June 2008
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Inauguration of Steve Bantu Biko Building
- Authors: Badat, Saleem
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:7583 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006572
- Description: From introduction: Institutional loyalty, especially in the case of a university, does not mean being uncritical and denying historical truths. The inauguration of the Stephen Bantu Biko Building is, therefore, a good occasion for “a critical appreciation of where we” as Rhodes University “come from”. Credit is due to the pioneers who 104 years ago created Rhodes; to those who, under difficult and financially trying conditions, steered its subsequent development; to those who oversaw its maturation from a University College under the auspices of the University of South Africa to a fully-fledged University in 1951, and to the subsequent generations that energetically toiled to produce the Rhodes University of today’s enviable reputation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Badat, Saleem
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:7583 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006572
- Description: From introduction: Institutional loyalty, especially in the case of a university, does not mean being uncritical and denying historical truths. The inauguration of the Stephen Bantu Biko Building is, therefore, a good occasion for “a critical appreciation of where we” as Rhodes University “come from”. Credit is due to the pioneers who 104 years ago created Rhodes; to those who, under difficult and financially trying conditions, steered its subsequent development; to those who oversaw its maturation from a University College under the auspices of the University of South Africa to a fully-fledged University in 1951, and to the subsequent generations that energetically toiled to produce the Rhodes University of today’s enviable reputation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Global diversity of mayflies (Ephemeroptera, Insecta) in freshwater
- Barber-James, Helen M, Gattolliat, J-L, Sartori, Michel, Hubbard, Michael D
- Authors: Barber-James, Helen M , Gattolliat, J-L , Sartori, Michel , Hubbard, Michael D
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6895 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011655
- Description: The extant global Ephemeroptera fauna is represented by over 3,000 described species in 42 families and more than 400 genera. The highest generic diversity occurs in the Neotropics, with a correspondingly high species diversity, while the Palaearctic has the lowest generic diversity, but a high species diversity. Such distribution patterns may relate to how long evolutionary processes have been carrying on in isolation in a bioregion. Over an extended period, there may be extinction of species, but evolution of more genera. Dramatic extinction events such as the K-T mass extinction have affected current mayfly diversity and distribution. Climatic history plays an important role in the rate of speciation in an area, with regions which have been climatically stable over long periods having fewer species per genus, when compared to regions subjected to climatic stresses, such as glaciation. A total of 13 families are endemic to specific bioregions, with eight among them being monospecific. Most of these have restricted distributions which may be the result of them being the relict of a previously more diverse, but presently almost completely extinct family, or may be the consequence of vicariance events, resulting from evolution due to long-term isolation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Barber-James, Helen M , Gattolliat, J-L , Sartori, Michel , Hubbard, Michael D
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6895 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011655
- Description: The extant global Ephemeroptera fauna is represented by over 3,000 described species in 42 families and more than 400 genera. The highest generic diversity occurs in the Neotropics, with a correspondingly high species diversity, while the Palaearctic has the lowest generic diversity, but a high species diversity. Such distribution patterns may relate to how long evolutionary processes have been carrying on in isolation in a bioregion. Over an extended period, there may be extinction of species, but evolution of more genera. Dramatic extinction events such as the K-T mass extinction have affected current mayfly diversity and distribution. Climatic history plays an important role in the rate of speciation in an area, with regions which have been climatically stable over long periods having fewer species per genus, when compared to regions subjected to climatic stresses, such as glaciation. A total of 13 families are endemic to specific bioregions, with eight among them being monospecific. Most of these have restricted distributions which may be the result of them being the relict of a previously more diverse, but presently almost completely extinct family, or may be the consequence of vicariance events, resulting from evolution due to long-term isolation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Employee performance, leadership style and emotional intelligence: an exploratory study in a South African parastatal
- Baxter, Jeremy, Hayward, Brett A, Amos, Trevor L
- Authors: Baxter, Jeremy , Hayward, Brett A , Amos, Trevor L
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142793 , vital:38117 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/ac.v8i1.57
- Description: The purpose of this research is to explore the relationship between employee performance, leadership style and emotional intelligence in the context of a South African parastatal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Baxter, Jeremy , Hayward, Brett A , Amos, Trevor L
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142793 , vital:38117 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/ac.v8i1.57
- Description: The purpose of this research is to explore the relationship between employee performance, leadership style and emotional intelligence in the context of a South African parastatal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Building and Woodworkers International (BWI) Baseline gender survey
- Authors: Benjamin, Nina
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/60109 , vital:27737
- Description: This Gender Survey is about exploring both the nature of as well as the shifts in the gender relations between men women in the construction sector. The report is defining gender relations as the power relations between men and women. In the context of the construction sector, workers and particularly semi and unskilled workers generally have appalling working conditions. These conditions affect both men and women workers but the vast majority of women workers find themselves right at the bottom of a hierarchy that is shaped by class, race and gender. Large multinational construction companies are still owned and controlled by rich white men while black women, youth and the disabled find themselves right at the bottom of the hierarchy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Benjamin, Nina
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/60109 , vital:27737
- Description: This Gender Survey is about exploring both the nature of as well as the shifts in the gender relations between men women in the construction sector. The report is defining gender relations as the power relations between men and women. In the context of the construction sector, workers and particularly semi and unskilled workers generally have appalling working conditions. These conditions affect both men and women workers but the vast majority of women workers find themselves right at the bottom of a hierarchy that is shaped by class, race and gender. Large multinational construction companies are still owned and controlled by rich white men while black women, youth and the disabled find themselves right at the bottom of the hierarchy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Sing a swansong for the SABC as we know it : keep public broadcasting, redistribute the broadcaster
- Authors: Berger, Guy
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159326 , vital:40288 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC140098
- Description: Behind the dragged-out confrontations around the SABC are a politics of paralysis. That's not necessarily a bad thing if the alternative is the broadcaster being a tool of a single particular force. But it's also not exactly first prize for South Africans. Power is divided across so many centres that no single force has been able to easily prevail on SABC during the year.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Berger, Guy
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159326 , vital:40288 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC140098
- Description: Behind the dragged-out confrontations around the SABC are a politics of paralysis. That's not necessarily a bad thing if the alternative is the broadcaster being a tool of a single particular force. But it's also not exactly first prize for South Africans. Power is divided across so many centres that no single force has been able to easily prevail on SABC during the year.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
From content to conversation: can cellphones be used for journalism?
- Authors: Berger, Guy
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159310 , vital:40286 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC140074
- Description: Rhodes' School of Journalism and Media Studies has R8m to try and turn cellphones into interactive journalistic devices over the next four years. The work takes place under a project titled "Iindaba Ziyafika" - meaning "the news is coming".
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Berger, Guy
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159310 , vital:40286 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC140074
- Description: Rhodes' School of Journalism and Media Studies has R8m to try and turn cellphones into interactive journalistic devices over the next four years. The work takes place under a project titled "Iindaba Ziyafika" - meaning "the news is coming".
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Pan-African multilateralism: transformative or disconnected?
- Authors: Bischoff, Paul, 1954-
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/161452 , vital:40628 , https://doi.org/10.1080/02589340802366968
- Description: Despite a multitude of international institutions on the African continent, worldwide Africa's multilateralism has generally received little attention. Yet, with the emergence of the African Union (AU) and its institutions, questions arise about its character. Will rhetoric and state symbolism take the place of substance or will the space opened up for democracy and civil society participation allow for greater democratically informed sustainability? With this in mind, the article addresses the issue to what extent the character of African multilateralism continues to display features of disconnectedness as opposed to those of transformation, where its institutions address issues of uneven development in concert with civil society concerns.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Bischoff, Paul, 1954-
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/161452 , vital:40628 , https://doi.org/10.1080/02589340802366968
- Description: Despite a multitude of international institutions on the African continent, worldwide Africa's multilateralism has generally received little attention. Yet, with the emergence of the African Union (AU) and its institutions, questions arise about its character. Will rhetoric and state symbolism take the place of substance or will the space opened up for democracy and civil society participation allow for greater democratically informed sustainability? With this in mind, the article addresses the issue to what extent the character of African multilateralism continues to display features of disconnectedness as opposed to those of transformation, where its institutions address issues of uneven development in concert with civil society concerns.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Gendering children's lives: TV fiction for South African kids
- Boshoff, Priscilla A, Prinsloo, Jeanne
- Authors: Boshoff, Priscilla A , Prinsloo, Jeanne
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: vital:38264 , ISBN 9780868104508 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2476
- Description: Gendering children's lives: TV fiction for South African kids
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Boshoff, Priscilla A , Prinsloo, Jeanne
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: vital:38264 , ISBN 9780868104508 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2476
- Description: Gendering children's lives: TV fiction for South African kids
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Engendering childhood: concerning the content of South African Television content
- Boshoff, Priscilla A, Prinsloo, Jeanne
- Authors: Boshoff, Priscilla A , Prinsloo, Jeanne
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143560 , vital:38257 , ISBN , https://ischp.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/ischp_2015_abstract_booklet.pdf
- Description: The essays in this volume reflect a wide-range of issues and concerns related to children’s media culture in Africa. For example, several address the role of entertainment television in Addis Abba, Ghana, South Africa, Kenya, and Zambia and in the lives of Muslim children. Other essays introduce us to children-centered media from Ghana, South Africa, and Zimbabwe, and the innovative programs of PLAN-International. In addition to entertainment media and children-centered media, media education and digital media literacy are also discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Boshoff, Priscilla A , Prinsloo, Jeanne
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143560 , vital:38257 , ISBN , https://ischp.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/ischp_2015_abstract_booklet.pdf
- Description: The essays in this volume reflect a wide-range of issues and concerns related to children’s media culture in Africa. For example, several address the role of entertainment television in Addis Abba, Ghana, South Africa, Kenya, and Zambia and in the lives of Muslim children. Other essays introduce us to children-centered media from Ghana, South Africa, and Zimbabwe, and the innovative programs of PLAN-International. In addition to entertainment media and children-centered media, media education and digital media literacy are also discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Photocatalytic oxidation of 1-hexene using GaPc and InPc octasubstituted derivatives
- Chauke, Vongani, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Chauke, Vongani , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/268611 , vital:54214 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2008.04.003"
- Description: Photocatalytic oxidation of 1-hexene by GaPc (1a–1c) and InPc (2a–2c) derivatives (Pc = phthalocyanine) is hereby presented. The derivatives studied are Pc octasubstituted with phenoxy (a), 4-tert-butylphenoxy (b) or benzyloxyphenoxy (c) at the peripheral positions. The photocatalytic oxidation products for 1-hexene were 1,2-epoxyhexane and 1-hexen-3-ol. The %conversion values of 1-hexene and %selectivity of 1,2-epoxyhexane were generally higher for InPc derivatives. Even though InPc derivatives showed better photocatalytic results than GaPc derivatives, the former were less stable relative to the latter. Both type I and type II mechanism were implicated in the photocatalysis mechanism.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Chauke, Vongani , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/268611 , vital:54214 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2008.04.003"
- Description: Photocatalytic oxidation of 1-hexene by GaPc (1a–1c) and InPc (2a–2c) derivatives (Pc = phthalocyanine) is hereby presented. The derivatives studied are Pc octasubstituted with phenoxy (a), 4-tert-butylphenoxy (b) or benzyloxyphenoxy (c) at the peripheral positions. The photocatalytic oxidation products for 1-hexene were 1,2-epoxyhexane and 1-hexen-3-ol. The %conversion values of 1-hexene and %selectivity of 1,2-epoxyhexane were generally higher for InPc derivatives. Even though InPc derivatives showed better photocatalytic results than GaPc derivatives, the former were less stable relative to the latter. Both type I and type II mechanism were implicated in the photocatalysis mechanism.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Synthesis and solvent effects on the photophysicochemical properties of novel cadmium phenoxy phthalocyanines
- Chidawanyika, Wadzanai J U, Antunes, Edith M, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Chidawanyika, Wadzanai J U , Antunes, Edith M , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/268649 , vital:54217 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2007.09.020"
- Description: The syntheses of novel cadmium phenoxy complexes; tetrakis{1,(4)-tert-butylphenoxyphthalocyaninato}cadmium(II) (5a), tetrakis{1,(4)-phenoxyphthalocyaninato}cadmium(II) (5b), tetrakis{2,(3)-tert-butylphenoxyphthalocyaninato}cadmium(II) (6a) and tetrakis{2,(3)-phenoxyphthalocyaninato}cadmium(II) (6b) are presented herein. The spectroscopic and photophysicochemical properties have also been carried out and discussed together with the influence of various organic solvents on these properties. Spectroscopic properties, i.e. ground state electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra have been found to vary as a function of substituent position on the phthalocyanine macrocycle, i.e. α-substitution versus β-substitution. The photophysical parameters are reported as well as the photodegradation and singlet oxygen quantum yields, where the complexes were found to exhibit good photostability with the production of appreciable amounts of singlet oxygen.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Chidawanyika, Wadzanai J U , Antunes, Edith M , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/268649 , vital:54217 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2007.09.020"
- Description: The syntheses of novel cadmium phenoxy complexes; tetrakis{1,(4)-tert-butylphenoxyphthalocyaninato}cadmium(II) (5a), tetrakis{1,(4)-phenoxyphthalocyaninato}cadmium(II) (5b), tetrakis{2,(3)-tert-butylphenoxyphthalocyaninato}cadmium(II) (6a) and tetrakis{2,(3)-phenoxyphthalocyaninato}cadmium(II) (6b) are presented herein. The spectroscopic and photophysicochemical properties have also been carried out and discussed together with the influence of various organic solvents on these properties. Spectroscopic properties, i.e. ground state electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra have been found to vary as a function of substituent position on the phthalocyanine macrocycle, i.e. α-substitution versus β-substitution. The photophysical parameters are reported as well as the photodegradation and singlet oxygen quantum yields, where the complexes were found to exhibit good photostability with the production of appreciable amounts of singlet oxygen.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Estuarine use by spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii in a South African estuary, as determined by acoustic telemetry
- Childs, Amber-Robyn, Cowley, Paul D, Næsje, T F, Booth, Anthony J, Potts, Warren M, Thorstad, Eva B, Økland, F
- Authors: Childs, Amber-Robyn , Cowley, Paul D , Næsje, T F , Booth, Anthony J , Potts, Warren M , Thorstad, Eva B , Økland, F
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124428 , vital:35612 , https://doi.org/10.2989/A JMS.2008.30.1.12.462
- Description: Estuaries are important in the life history and the maintenance of the diversity of coastal fish species because of their function as nursery areas for juveniles as well as feeding grounds for adults (Cyrus 1991). The dependence of many fish species on estuaries is well documented (e.g. Wallace et al. 1984, Lenanton and Potter 1987, Blaber et al. 1989, Whitfield 1990, Hoss and Thayer 1993). Spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii (Haemulidae) (Lacepède 1801) is an estuarine-dependent species which spawns in the KwaZulu-Natal inshore coastal waters, between August and December (Wallace 1975b, Wallace and van der Elst 1975, Harris and Cyrus 1997, 1999). The eggs and larvae are transported southwards by the Agulhas Current, and juveniles between 20 mm and 50 mm TL recruit into the KwaZulu-Natal and south-eastern Cape estuaries (Wallace and van der Elst 1975, Whitfield 1990). Juvenile spotted grunter make use of the abundant food resources in estuaries, where they grow rapidly and remain for a period of 1–3 years (Wallace and Schleyer 1979, Day et al. 1981). Upon attaining sexual maturity (at between 300 mm and 400 mm TL), they return to the marine environment (Wallace 1975b). Some adults, however, return to estuaries to feed and to regain condition after spawning (Wallace 1975b, Whitfield 1994). The return of post-spawning fish coincides with increased catches by fishers in estuaries between July and January. These events are known as ‘grunter runs’ (Wallace 1975a, Marais and Baird 1980, Marais 1988, Pradervand and Baird 2002). It is suggested that adults spend up to several months in estuaries, before moving back to sea where they undergo gonadal development and ultimately spawn (Wallace 1975b, Wallace and van der Elst 1975). It is believed that adult fish also enter estuaries in a prespawning state to gain condition en route to their spawning grounds in KwaZulu-Natal (Webb 2002).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
- Authors: Childs, Amber-Robyn , Cowley, Paul D , Næsje, T F , Booth, Anthony J , Potts, Warren M , Thorstad, Eva B , Økland, F
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124428 , vital:35612 , https://doi.org/10.2989/A JMS.2008.30.1.12.462
- Description: Estuaries are important in the life history and the maintenance of the diversity of coastal fish species because of their function as nursery areas for juveniles as well as feeding grounds for adults (Cyrus 1991). The dependence of many fish species on estuaries is well documented (e.g. Wallace et al. 1984, Lenanton and Potter 1987, Blaber et al. 1989, Whitfield 1990, Hoss and Thayer 1993). Spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii (Haemulidae) (Lacepède 1801) is an estuarine-dependent species which spawns in the KwaZulu-Natal inshore coastal waters, between August and December (Wallace 1975b, Wallace and van der Elst 1975, Harris and Cyrus 1997, 1999). The eggs and larvae are transported southwards by the Agulhas Current, and juveniles between 20 mm and 50 mm TL recruit into the KwaZulu-Natal and south-eastern Cape estuaries (Wallace and van der Elst 1975, Whitfield 1990). Juvenile spotted grunter make use of the abundant food resources in estuaries, where they grow rapidly and remain for a period of 1–3 years (Wallace and Schleyer 1979, Day et al. 1981). Upon attaining sexual maturity (at between 300 mm and 400 mm TL), they return to the marine environment (Wallace 1975b). Some adults, however, return to estuaries to feed and to regain condition after spawning (Wallace 1975b, Whitfield 1994). The return of post-spawning fish coincides with increased catches by fishers in estuaries between July and January. These events are known as ‘grunter runs’ (Wallace 1975a, Marais and Baird 1980, Marais 1988, Pradervand and Baird 2002). It is suggested that adults spend up to several months in estuaries, before moving back to sea where they undergo gonadal development and ultimately spawn (Wallace 1975b, Wallace and van der Elst 1975). It is believed that adult fish also enter estuaries in a prespawning state to gain condition en route to their spawning grounds in KwaZulu-Natal (Webb 2002).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
Phosphorescence of orthopaedic–grade ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
- Authors: Chithambo, Makaiko L
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/125617 , vital:35801 , https://doi.10.1002/pssc.200776802
- Description: Isothermal luminescence decay curves have been measured from orthopaedic–standard ultra high molecular weight polyethylene between 35 and 70 ˚C on the rising edge of the main glow peak at 70 ˚C. Preparatory peak-shape analysis of the temperature-resolved glow peak at 70 ˚C measured at 1 ˚C s–1 gave a geometrical factor close to 0.5 suggestive of second order kinetics for both the isothermal and thermally stimulated luminescence. The results of analysis of the phosphorescence of transformed monotonic-to-peak isothermal decay curves are also second order, as is the conclusion from thermoluminescence glow-curve de-convolution. All methods of analysis give an activation energy of about 0.7 eV.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Chithambo, Makaiko L
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/125617 , vital:35801 , https://doi.10.1002/pssc.200776802
- Description: Isothermal luminescence decay curves have been measured from orthopaedic–standard ultra high molecular weight polyethylene between 35 and 70 ˚C on the rising edge of the main glow peak at 70 ˚C. Preparatory peak-shape analysis of the temperature-resolved glow peak at 70 ˚C measured at 1 ˚C s–1 gave a geometrical factor close to 0.5 suggestive of second order kinetics for both the isothermal and thermally stimulated luminescence. The results of analysis of the phosphorescence of transformed monotonic-to-peak isothermal decay curves are also second order, as is the conclusion from thermoluminescence glow-curve de-convolution. All methods of analysis give an activation energy of about 0.7 eV.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Volcano correlations for the reactivity of surface-confined cobalt N4-macrocyclics for the electrocatalytic oxidation of 2-mercaptoacetate
- Claußen, Jan A, Ochoa, Gonzalo, Páez, Maritza, Costamagno, Juan, Gulppi, Miguel, Nyokong, Tebello, Bedioui, Fethi, Zagal, José H
- Authors: Claußen, Jan A , Ochoa, Gonzalo , Páez, Maritza , Costamagno, Juan , Gulppi, Miguel , Nyokong, Tebello , Bedioui, Fethi , Zagal, José H
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/268688 , vital:54222 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-007-0336-y"
- Description: We have investigated the electrocatalytic activity of several substituted and unsubstituted cobalt–phthalocyanines of substituted tetraphenyl porphyrins and of vitamin B12, for the electro-oxidation of 2-mercaptoacetate, with the complexes pre-adsorbed on a pyrolytic graphite electrode. Several N4-macrocyclic were used to have a wide variety of Co(II)/(I) formal potentials. The electrocatalytic activity, measured as current at constant potential, increases with the Co(II)/(I) redox potential for porphyrins as Co–pentafluorotetraphenylporphyrin larger than Co–tetrasulfonatotetraphenylporphyrin larger than Co-2,2′,2″,2‴tetra-aminotetraphenylporphyrin and decreases for cobalt phthalocyanines as Co-3,4-octaethylhexyloxyphthalocyanine > Co–octamethoxyphthalocyanine > Co–tetranitrophthalocyanine Co–tetraaminophthalocyanine > Co–unsubstituted phthalocyanine > Co–tetrasulfonatophthalocyanine > Co–perfluorinated phthalocyanine. Vitamin B12 exhibits the maximum activity. A correlation of log I (at constant potential) versus the Co(II)/(I) formal potential of the catalysts gives a volcano curve. This clearly shows that the search for better catalysts for this reaction point to those N4-macrocyclic complexes with Co(II)/(I) formal potentials close to −0.84 V versus SCE, which correspond to an optimum situation for the interaction of the thiol with the active site.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Claußen, Jan A , Ochoa, Gonzalo , Páez, Maritza , Costamagno, Juan , Gulppi, Miguel , Nyokong, Tebello , Bedioui, Fethi , Zagal, José H
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/268688 , vital:54222 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-007-0336-y"
- Description: We have investigated the electrocatalytic activity of several substituted and unsubstituted cobalt–phthalocyanines of substituted tetraphenyl porphyrins and of vitamin B12, for the electro-oxidation of 2-mercaptoacetate, with the complexes pre-adsorbed on a pyrolytic graphite electrode. Several N4-macrocyclic were used to have a wide variety of Co(II)/(I) formal potentials. The electrocatalytic activity, measured as current at constant potential, increases with the Co(II)/(I) redox potential for porphyrins as Co–pentafluorotetraphenylporphyrin larger than Co–tetrasulfonatotetraphenylporphyrin larger than Co-2,2′,2″,2‴tetra-aminotetraphenylporphyrin and decreases for cobalt phthalocyanines as Co-3,4-octaethylhexyloxyphthalocyanine > Co–octamethoxyphthalocyanine > Co–tetranitrophthalocyanine Co–tetraaminophthalocyanine > Co–unsubstituted phthalocyanine > Co–tetrasulfonatophthalocyanine > Co–perfluorinated phthalocyanine. Vitamin B12 exhibits the maximum activity. A correlation of log I (at constant potential) versus the Co(II)/(I) formal potential of the catalysts gives a volcano curve. This clearly shows that the search for better catalysts for this reaction point to those N4-macrocyclic complexes with Co(II)/(I) formal potentials close to −0.84 V versus SCE, which correspond to an optimum situation for the interaction of the thiol with the active site.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
The Cultural Use of the Wild Olive Tree by the amaXhosa People in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa:
- Cocks, Michelle L, Dold, Anthony P
- Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Dold, Anthony P
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141314 , vital:37961 , DOI: 10.1558/jsrnc.v2i3.292
- Description: The cultural meanings of harvested plants have for the most part been ignored in academic research on non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in southern Africa. Historically scientists have tended to ignore the complex relationships between nature and culture. Given the country's unique political and economic past and the current search for sustainable use of natural resources, a focus on the convergence of natural science and cultural diversity is important at this time. Empirical data on cultural practices is being collected in order to develop fresh and relevant insights into the complex relationships between culture and bítKÜversity. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the concept of culture needs to be brought into our understanding of the role of NTFPs. We dtxrument the use and value of a specific tree, Olea europaea L. subsp. africana (Mill.) P,S. Green, called Umiicjuma in the Xhosa language, for cultural purposes, by both rural and urban households.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Dold, Anthony P
- Date: 2008
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141314 , vital:37961 , DOI: 10.1558/jsrnc.v2i3.292
- Description: The cultural meanings of harvested plants have for the most part been ignored in academic research on non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in southern Africa. Historically scientists have tended to ignore the complex relationships between nature and culture. Given the country's unique political and economic past and the current search for sustainable use of natural resources, a focus on the convergence of natural science and cultural diversity is important at this time. Empirical data on cultural practices is being collected in order to develop fresh and relevant insights into the complex relationships between culture and bítKÜversity. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the concept of culture needs to be brought into our understanding of the role of NTFPs. We dtxrument the use and value of a specific tree, Olea europaea L. subsp. africana (Mill.) P,S. Green, called Umiicjuma in the Xhosa language, for cultural purposes, by both rural and urban households.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008