Consumers’ perception of generic drugs in South Africa
- Authors: Boltman, Tamarah
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Consumers' preferences -- Moral and ethical aspects -- South Africa Consumer education -- South Africa , Generic drugs -- Moral and ethical aspects -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14664 , vital:27815
- Description: Medicines play a pivotal role in the process of human development as their rational utilization can decrease morbidity and mortality as well as improve quality of life (Jamshed, Hassali, Ibrahim, Shafie, & Babar, 2010). Access to therapeutic drugs form an integral part of any successful healthcare system. The high cost of medicines, is a barrier to accessibility and improved health to the majority of the South African population (Bangalee, 2015). In developing countries with limited healthcare budgets, such as South Africa, generic drugs (medicines) can be a cost-saving treatment alternative, resulting in medical expenditure being reduced and access to scarce resources increased (Van der Westhuizen, Burger, Lubbe, Serfontein, 2010). There is very little knowledge on perception and attitude of South African citizens with regard to use of generic drugs (Bangalee, 2015). Consumer perception can have a large impact on the choice of medicines or drugs chosen. The study intended to find out what the current consumer beliefs, attitudes, behaviours and knowledge of generic drugs are. There was also intent to establish if lack of awareness or misconception about generic drugs influence consumer choice. The study consists of a literature review of the definition of generic drugs and original or branded drugs, their influence in the public and private health sector, factors that influence consumer behaviour, brand effect, brand trust, brand loyalty, and most importantly the South Africa acceptance of generic drugs. Primary data was collected, reported and analysed through the use of a questionnaire to determine the current consumers’ belief, attitude, behaviour and knowledge of generic drugs. The study results reveal that scepticism does exists, yet there was clear acceptance, but still lack of confidence in generic drugs. Consumer education and information is the key to increased generic drug acceptance.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Boltman, Tamarah
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Consumers' preferences -- Moral and ethical aspects -- South Africa Consumer education -- South Africa , Generic drugs -- Moral and ethical aspects -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14664 , vital:27815
- Description: Medicines play a pivotal role in the process of human development as their rational utilization can decrease morbidity and mortality as well as improve quality of life (Jamshed, Hassali, Ibrahim, Shafie, & Babar, 2010). Access to therapeutic drugs form an integral part of any successful healthcare system. The high cost of medicines, is a barrier to accessibility and improved health to the majority of the South African population (Bangalee, 2015). In developing countries with limited healthcare budgets, such as South Africa, generic drugs (medicines) can be a cost-saving treatment alternative, resulting in medical expenditure being reduced and access to scarce resources increased (Van der Westhuizen, Burger, Lubbe, Serfontein, 2010). There is very little knowledge on perception and attitude of South African citizens with regard to use of generic drugs (Bangalee, 2015). Consumer perception can have a large impact on the choice of medicines or drugs chosen. The study intended to find out what the current consumer beliefs, attitudes, behaviours and knowledge of generic drugs are. There was also intent to establish if lack of awareness or misconception about generic drugs influence consumer choice. The study consists of a literature review of the definition of generic drugs and original or branded drugs, their influence in the public and private health sector, factors that influence consumer behaviour, brand effect, brand trust, brand loyalty, and most importantly the South Africa acceptance of generic drugs. Primary data was collected, reported and analysed through the use of a questionnaire to determine the current consumers’ belief, attitude, behaviour and knowledge of generic drugs. The study results reveal that scepticism does exists, yet there was clear acceptance, but still lack of confidence in generic drugs. Consumer education and information is the key to increased generic drug acceptance.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Contemporary Zambian art, conceptualism and the ‘global’ art world
- Authors: Mulenga, Andrew Mukuka
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5187 , vital:20784
- Description: In Zambia, ‘contemporary art’ (as a category constructed by the European-dominated international art world), was introduced by the European settler community and continued within its preserve, remaining largely inaccessible to the indigenous community of Africans until Zambia’s independence in 1964. This thesis traces the integration of Africans into the contemporary art community and attributes the process, in part, to a small group of artists of European descent who played a significant role in engaging with Zambians, working side by side with them, subsequently influencing their art production and implicitly shaping the ways in which ‘Zambian’ art ‘ought to’ look for decades to come. The research traces the early days of contemporary art practice in Zambia to the Lusaka Art Society and Art Centre Foundation that was founded and run by an all-settler group of formally trained artists with a particular inclination towards sculpture and painting. In the wake of the integration however, art production in the formalist manner was further proliferated by the European diplomatic community which would also go as far as dictating artistic subject matter. This thesis argues that the Eurocentric and pre-eminently formalist approach to contemporary art has cost Zambian artists an international presence. I submit that the few instances where contemporary Zambian art practice has penetrated the ‘global art’ scene or caught the attention of international curators is due to artists adopting more radical conceptual approaches to art production, often creating tensions with local viewers. This thesis also examines conceptualism in contemporary Zambian art practice and examines the inequalities of the ‘global art’ world. I argue that conceptual art, although not generally accepted on the Zambian art scene, has played a vital role in helping Zambian artists enter the global art world, albeit modestly.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mulenga, Andrew Mukuka
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5187 , vital:20784
- Description: In Zambia, ‘contemporary art’ (as a category constructed by the European-dominated international art world), was introduced by the European settler community and continued within its preserve, remaining largely inaccessible to the indigenous community of Africans until Zambia’s independence in 1964. This thesis traces the integration of Africans into the contemporary art community and attributes the process, in part, to a small group of artists of European descent who played a significant role in engaging with Zambians, working side by side with them, subsequently influencing their art production and implicitly shaping the ways in which ‘Zambian’ art ‘ought to’ look for decades to come. The research traces the early days of contemporary art practice in Zambia to the Lusaka Art Society and Art Centre Foundation that was founded and run by an all-settler group of formally trained artists with a particular inclination towards sculpture and painting. In the wake of the integration however, art production in the formalist manner was further proliferated by the European diplomatic community which would also go as far as dictating artistic subject matter. This thesis argues that the Eurocentric and pre-eminently formalist approach to contemporary art has cost Zambian artists an international presence. I submit that the few instances where contemporary Zambian art practice has penetrated the ‘global art’ scene or caught the attention of international curators is due to artists adopting more radical conceptual approaches to art production, often creating tensions with local viewers. This thesis also examines conceptualism in contemporary Zambian art practice and examines the inequalities of the ‘global art’ world. I argue that conceptual art, although not generally accepted on the Zambian art scene, has played a vital role in helping Zambian artists enter the global art world, albeit modestly.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Contributing factors to academic success of children in foster care in Mount Fletcher, Eastern Cape
- Dladlama, Phumeza Buyiswa Lungelwa
- Authors: Dladlama, Phumeza Buyiswa Lungelwa
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Foster children--Education
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Social Work
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15111 , vital:40184
- Description: The researcher explored the contributing factors which lead to academic success of children in foster care in Mount Fletcher, Eastern Cape. Children in foster care are highly to drop out of school compared to their peers, and there are children in foster care who are academic successful despite the obstacle of foster care placement. The research study focused on the positive outcomes of children in foster care placements and the support structures that contributed to their academic success. Family support, school support, community support, religious support, professional support systems, resilience and protective factors were measured as the most prominent contributing factors that lead to academic success of children in foster care. The importance of a strong educational background for children in foster care cannot be overstated as the experiences of success that a child has in school can positively affect their psychological functioning well into adulthood. It was revealed that, although there are challenges, environmental disadvantages and stress that can lead to behavioural and psychological problems amongst children in foster care, there are children who overcome the difficulties to become well-adjusted adults. The study made use of Person Centred Approach as theoretical framework. The Person Centred Approach was relevant to the study as it uses the basic core conditions and propositions for positive therapeutic change and that it enables the participants’ establishment of congruence with organismic experiences. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. The sample was made up of 12 persons who exited foster care system and matriculated. The findings of the study revealed that, among the above listed contributing factors, family support, school support, community support and religious support were the most significant factors which contributed to the academic success of the participants. No significant relationship was found between the participants’ academic success and professional support. The study further revealed that a large number of children in foster care were cared for by their relatives, especially maternal grandparents. Due to the mentioned findings, it was recommended that the child placed in foster care placement from the age of 12 years, must be involved in the placement as there could be relatives whom the child is attached to. The social services professionals should play their role in supporting the children in foster care placements through proper monitoring of foster care placement and not to monitor the placement only during extension of foster care placement. Each government department has a role in moulding the child’s life and rendering support services.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Dladlama, Phumeza Buyiswa Lungelwa
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Foster children--Education
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Social Work
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15111 , vital:40184
- Description: The researcher explored the contributing factors which lead to academic success of children in foster care in Mount Fletcher, Eastern Cape. Children in foster care are highly to drop out of school compared to their peers, and there are children in foster care who are academic successful despite the obstacle of foster care placement. The research study focused on the positive outcomes of children in foster care placements and the support structures that contributed to their academic success. Family support, school support, community support, religious support, professional support systems, resilience and protective factors were measured as the most prominent contributing factors that lead to academic success of children in foster care. The importance of a strong educational background for children in foster care cannot be overstated as the experiences of success that a child has in school can positively affect their psychological functioning well into adulthood. It was revealed that, although there are challenges, environmental disadvantages and stress that can lead to behavioural and psychological problems amongst children in foster care, there are children who overcome the difficulties to become well-adjusted adults. The study made use of Person Centred Approach as theoretical framework. The Person Centred Approach was relevant to the study as it uses the basic core conditions and propositions for positive therapeutic change and that it enables the participants’ establishment of congruence with organismic experiences. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. The sample was made up of 12 persons who exited foster care system and matriculated. The findings of the study revealed that, among the above listed contributing factors, family support, school support, community support and religious support were the most significant factors which contributed to the academic success of the participants. No significant relationship was found between the participants’ academic success and professional support. The study further revealed that a large number of children in foster care were cared for by their relatives, especially maternal grandparents. Due to the mentioned findings, it was recommended that the child placed in foster care placement from the age of 12 years, must be involved in the placement as there could be relatives whom the child is attached to. The social services professionals should play their role in supporting the children in foster care placements through proper monitoring of foster care placement and not to monitor the placement only during extension of foster care placement. Each government department has a role in moulding the child’s life and rendering support services.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Contribution of home gardens to rural household income in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Alaka, Kolawole O
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Gardens Food security Sustainable agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MAgric
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8176 , vital:31826
- Description: For decades, home gardens have proved to be significant to rural inhabitants by providing a wide range of useful products such as fruits, vegetables and medicine, but there is lack of quantitative information on its benefits and its contributions to income of rural household. The main objective of this study is to investigate contributions of home garden to income of rural household in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality, formerly Nkonkobe Local Municipality of Eastern Cape Province South Africa. The stratified random sampling method was applied in order to choose a sample of 160 household that were interviewed by means of semi-structured questionnaires. The study was conducted among 80 households engaging in home gardens and 80 non- participating households in the study area. Frequencies and mean were used to describe the general characteristics of the households as well as ownership patterns of home gardens. In order to determine the factors that influence home gardens ownership binary logistic regression model was used. The overall model show that level of education, total household income and access to land significantly affects ownership of the home garden positively. Social grant has the highest contributions to total household income for both category while income generated from home garden has the second largest share to total household income, this show that the majority of rural households in the study area rely on social grant as their source of income. Cabbage, spinach, potatoes and carrots were the dominant crops in home gardens. In view of research findings, there is still a wide room for further improvement in home gardens practises in study area. Contrary to expectations, home gardens have the potential to improve livelihood significantly if the rural households take the necessary steps to make the production more sustainable. Based on research findings several policy proposals are suggested. These include investment in agricultural programmes that will empower the rural households like Massive food projects, Siyazondla and related home garden initiatives. Home garden is the major source of food and income generation in Raymond Mhlaba Municipality. Therefore, government should provide sufficient credit facilities, extension services together with marketing arrangement in the area.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Alaka, Kolawole O
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Gardens Food security Sustainable agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MAgric
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8176 , vital:31826
- Description: For decades, home gardens have proved to be significant to rural inhabitants by providing a wide range of useful products such as fruits, vegetables and medicine, but there is lack of quantitative information on its benefits and its contributions to income of rural household. The main objective of this study is to investigate contributions of home garden to income of rural household in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality, formerly Nkonkobe Local Municipality of Eastern Cape Province South Africa. The stratified random sampling method was applied in order to choose a sample of 160 household that were interviewed by means of semi-structured questionnaires. The study was conducted among 80 households engaging in home gardens and 80 non- participating households in the study area. Frequencies and mean were used to describe the general characteristics of the households as well as ownership patterns of home gardens. In order to determine the factors that influence home gardens ownership binary logistic regression model was used. The overall model show that level of education, total household income and access to land significantly affects ownership of the home garden positively. Social grant has the highest contributions to total household income for both category while income generated from home garden has the second largest share to total household income, this show that the majority of rural households in the study area rely on social grant as their source of income. Cabbage, spinach, potatoes and carrots were the dominant crops in home gardens. In view of research findings, there is still a wide room for further improvement in home gardens practises in study area. Contrary to expectations, home gardens have the potential to improve livelihood significantly if the rural households take the necessary steps to make the production more sustainable. Based on research findings several policy proposals are suggested. These include investment in agricultural programmes that will empower the rural households like Massive food projects, Siyazondla and related home garden initiatives. Home garden is the major source of food and income generation in Raymond Mhlaba Municipality. Therefore, government should provide sufficient credit facilities, extension services together with marketing arrangement in the area.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Conversations between trip hop and jazz
- Authors: Lang, Jared Anthony
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Trip hop (Music) , Jazz
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MMus
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5009 , vital:20752
- Description: Restricted access-thesis available at the Music Library
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Lang, Jared Anthony
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Trip hop (Music) , Jazz
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MMus
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5009 , vital:20752
- Description: Restricted access-thesis available at the Music Library
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
Conversations, turn-taking, and dialogue: an analysis of the political deliberations of Zimbabwean citizens on the @263Chat Twitter handle
- Authors: Ncube, Meli Mthabisi
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4510 , vital:20684
- Description: The micro-blogging site Twitter, and the social networking site Facebook, are playing a key role in facilitating active political expression in the form of demonstrations against high rates of unemployment, poverty, rampant government repression and corruption. Twitter use in Zimbabwe is very vibrant and it even has its own name, ‘Zwitter.’ Zimbabwe has a closed legacy news media which are highly restricted, and most of the major news outlets are controlled by the state. Another limiting factor to any meaningful practice of deliberative democracy through the media and town hall debates is the intolerance of the ruling party ZANU-PF in dealing with dissenting voices. Thus in Zimbabwean politics, it can be argued that the internet has liberated political debates that have been suppressed and digital media is central to political and social deliberation. This study examines whether there are conversations, turn-taking, and dialogues-all features of deliberations- on the @263Chat Twitter platform which is used as a case study. Qualitative content analysis and interviewing were used to collect the data. The preliminary results of the research show that citizen-led engagements, which are facilitated by @263Chat, have brought to the fore the covert potential of social media platforms to drive political participation and deliberation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Ncube, Meli Mthabisi
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4510 , vital:20684
- Description: The micro-blogging site Twitter, and the social networking site Facebook, are playing a key role in facilitating active political expression in the form of demonstrations against high rates of unemployment, poverty, rampant government repression and corruption. Twitter use in Zimbabwe is very vibrant and it even has its own name, ‘Zwitter.’ Zimbabwe has a closed legacy news media which are highly restricted, and most of the major news outlets are controlled by the state. Another limiting factor to any meaningful practice of deliberative democracy through the media and town hall debates is the intolerance of the ruling party ZANU-PF in dealing with dissenting voices. Thus in Zimbabwean politics, it can be argued that the internet has liberated political debates that have been suppressed and digital media is central to political and social deliberation. This study examines whether there are conversations, turn-taking, and dialogues-all features of deliberations- on the @263Chat Twitter platform which is used as a case study. Qualitative content analysis and interviewing were used to collect the data. The preliminary results of the research show that citizen-led engagements, which are facilitated by @263Chat, have brought to the fore the covert potential of social media platforms to drive political participation and deliberation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Cost and return analysis of smallholder organic crop farms in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa
- Authors: Akharume, Celestine Ohi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Farms, Small -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Profit -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Organic farming -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MAgric
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13730 , vital:39703
- Description: Agriculture remains an influential sector in South Africa in terms of its contributions to economic development and poverty reduction, notably in the rural areas. These include providing sufficient and affordable food for the constantly increasing population, providing cheap food for the developing industrial labor force, providing employment and livelihoods and supplying raw materials to the country’s rising domestic industrial sector. Despite phenomenal progress in integrating smallholder farmers into the mainstream economy since democratic reforms in the country, deteriorating soil quality through poor agricultural practices, land erosion, acidification and concerns about production and productivity and compliance with food safety standards are beginning to loom high. Hence, organic farming is identified as one of the sustainable approaches to farming. It is also believed to guarantee substantial net gains and to promote sustainable natural resource management with the possibility of enhancing overall agricultural productivity. Notwithstanding, organic farming is still being perceived negatively in South Africa and there is shortage of empirical studies which focus on cost and return of smallholder organic crop farms. It is in this regard that the study therefore seeks to analyze cost and return of smallholder organic crop farms in the Eastern Cape Province to contribute to knowledge on the relative economic advantages of organic agriculture at the smallholder sector. Specifically, the study profiled the socioeconomic characteristics of smallholder organic crop farmers, determined costs and returns, and estimated profitability and factors that constrain profitability of the smallholder organic crop farms. The research design used in this study was cross-sectional where data were collected at a single point in time. A multi- stage random sampling technique was used to obtain primary data from one hundred and sixty smallholder organic crop farmers (160) with the aid of structured questionnaires. Primary data were collected on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, variable costs and fixed costs, and returns from the organic crop farms. Data collected were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and the descriptive and inferential statistics involved were mean, frequency proportion, gross margin and net income analysis as well as OLS regression analysis. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the proportions of women involved in organic crop farming were higher than that of men and many of the farmers cultivated on less than 1.0ha. The analysis of the data also showed that smallholder organic crop farms are undoubtedly profitable farm business, with attractive net farm income and lower production costs. The findings further affirmed that factors such as household size, gender, farming experience, number of years in school, farm size, source of labor and access to credit affect profitability and net farm income. Therefore, government is advised to encourage the practice of organic farming by giving short-term loans to smallholder farmers, to enable them invest more in their organic crop farms. There is also need for government to organize workshops and lectures, educating and enlightening individual smallholder organic crop farmers on modern organic farming techniques to enhance profitability of smallholder organic crop farms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Akharume, Celestine Ohi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Farms, Small -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Profit -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Organic farming -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MAgric
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13730 , vital:39703
- Description: Agriculture remains an influential sector in South Africa in terms of its contributions to economic development and poverty reduction, notably in the rural areas. These include providing sufficient and affordable food for the constantly increasing population, providing cheap food for the developing industrial labor force, providing employment and livelihoods and supplying raw materials to the country’s rising domestic industrial sector. Despite phenomenal progress in integrating smallholder farmers into the mainstream economy since democratic reforms in the country, deteriorating soil quality through poor agricultural practices, land erosion, acidification and concerns about production and productivity and compliance with food safety standards are beginning to loom high. Hence, organic farming is identified as one of the sustainable approaches to farming. It is also believed to guarantee substantial net gains and to promote sustainable natural resource management with the possibility of enhancing overall agricultural productivity. Notwithstanding, organic farming is still being perceived negatively in South Africa and there is shortage of empirical studies which focus on cost and return of smallholder organic crop farms. It is in this regard that the study therefore seeks to analyze cost and return of smallholder organic crop farms in the Eastern Cape Province to contribute to knowledge on the relative economic advantages of organic agriculture at the smallholder sector. Specifically, the study profiled the socioeconomic characteristics of smallholder organic crop farmers, determined costs and returns, and estimated profitability and factors that constrain profitability of the smallholder organic crop farms. The research design used in this study was cross-sectional where data were collected at a single point in time. A multi- stage random sampling technique was used to obtain primary data from one hundred and sixty smallholder organic crop farmers (160) with the aid of structured questionnaires. Primary data were collected on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, variable costs and fixed costs, and returns from the organic crop farms. Data collected were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and the descriptive and inferential statistics involved were mean, frequency proportion, gross margin and net income analysis as well as OLS regression analysis. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the proportions of women involved in organic crop farming were higher than that of men and many of the farmers cultivated on less than 1.0ha. The analysis of the data also showed that smallholder organic crop farms are undoubtedly profitable farm business, with attractive net farm income and lower production costs. The findings further affirmed that factors such as household size, gender, farming experience, number of years in school, farm size, source of labor and access to credit affect profitability and net farm income. Therefore, government is advised to encourage the practice of organic farming by giving short-term loans to smallholder farmers, to enable them invest more in their organic crop farms. There is also need for government to organize workshops and lectures, educating and enlightening individual smallholder organic crop farmers on modern organic farming techniques to enhance profitability of smallholder organic crop farms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Cradock thermal springs spa: the design of a thermal springs spa located at the Cradock hot springs
- Authors: Ferreira, Anita
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Health resorts -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Design and construction Bathhouses -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Design and construction , Health resorts -- Decoration -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Interior architecture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15334 , vital:28220
- Description: This treatise is focussed on the design of a Healing Spa Complex based on the relationship to the natural thermal springs 4km outside of the town of Cradock in the Karoo region of the Eastern Cape. The design response extends the dialogue between man and nature to structure in order to create an environment for healing within the natural landscape. The structure will accommodate spa facilities situated and specialized around the natural source of thermal water from the three springs on site. The site currently houses pool and accommodation facilities run by the local municipality. Due to a lack of funding these facilities have become dilapidated to the point where most of the buildings on site are unused and structurally unsound. The spring source on site was previously a major tourism attraction, but has subsequently shut down due to the degradation of the facilities. The Karoo is a dry, harsh and unforgiving landscape within which water is one of the most precious life-giving elements. Life is situated and celebrated around water, not only by humans, but also by nature. Settlements were built adjacent to rivers or springs, greenbelts flourished and formed along its edges, and animals migrate following the waters' (Hawkins, Sharrock and Havens, 2008). The region is characterised by extremes and contrasts, from scolding heat to freezing snow. This has contributed to a continuous display of dramatic contrasts within the landscape and created a unique character. Rain usually arrives in summer in the form of dramatic aernoon thunderstorms that bring relief to the relentless dry summer heat. Winter months are usually dry, allowing the sun to slowly heat up the open frosted plains before the intensely cold night brings another layer of snow to the Karoo koppies (Bloom, 2001). Eve Palmer, in her book, the Plains of Camdeboo, describes her Trust memories of the Karoo summer: “.....heat like blazing ovens; of shutters and sunbeams making a hot bright path through a chink in a dark blind, of soil too hot to walk on barefoot and rocks too hot to touch.” (Palmer 1986:3) Rain makes life possible in this part of the world. The joy and relief bit brings to the residents is very real and palpable (Palmer 1986:6). In response to the sensitivity of the natural environment of the site, and the desire to link this to the development of a healing environment, the architecture in this treatise will explore the unique sense of place of the Karoo and more speciacally the Cradock area. This will entail the exploration of the region and area in terms of physical and spatial features. Through the analyses of the natural structural elements, characteristics and local materials and assessment of Karoo architecture in terms of its use of materials, layout and craftsmanship, an appropriate response to the Karoo context should be achieved. The harsh environment will provide the opportunity to explore innovative means of optimum utilisation of resources, in order to ensure that the design is sustainable and therefore relevant to its context. This will contribute to a architectural expression which would allow a connection to nature and the area, by using nature to inspire this insight.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Ferreira, Anita
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Health resorts -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Design and construction Bathhouses -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Design and construction , Health resorts -- Decoration -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Interior architecture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15334 , vital:28220
- Description: This treatise is focussed on the design of a Healing Spa Complex based on the relationship to the natural thermal springs 4km outside of the town of Cradock in the Karoo region of the Eastern Cape. The design response extends the dialogue between man and nature to structure in order to create an environment for healing within the natural landscape. The structure will accommodate spa facilities situated and specialized around the natural source of thermal water from the three springs on site. The site currently houses pool and accommodation facilities run by the local municipality. Due to a lack of funding these facilities have become dilapidated to the point where most of the buildings on site are unused and structurally unsound. The spring source on site was previously a major tourism attraction, but has subsequently shut down due to the degradation of the facilities. The Karoo is a dry, harsh and unforgiving landscape within which water is one of the most precious life-giving elements. Life is situated and celebrated around water, not only by humans, but also by nature. Settlements were built adjacent to rivers or springs, greenbelts flourished and formed along its edges, and animals migrate following the waters' (Hawkins, Sharrock and Havens, 2008). The region is characterised by extremes and contrasts, from scolding heat to freezing snow. This has contributed to a continuous display of dramatic contrasts within the landscape and created a unique character. Rain usually arrives in summer in the form of dramatic aernoon thunderstorms that bring relief to the relentless dry summer heat. Winter months are usually dry, allowing the sun to slowly heat up the open frosted plains before the intensely cold night brings another layer of snow to the Karoo koppies (Bloom, 2001). Eve Palmer, in her book, the Plains of Camdeboo, describes her Trust memories of the Karoo summer: “.....heat like blazing ovens; of shutters and sunbeams making a hot bright path through a chink in a dark blind, of soil too hot to walk on barefoot and rocks too hot to touch.” (Palmer 1986:3) Rain makes life possible in this part of the world. The joy and relief bit brings to the residents is very real and palpable (Palmer 1986:6). In response to the sensitivity of the natural environment of the site, and the desire to link this to the development of a healing environment, the architecture in this treatise will explore the unique sense of place of the Karoo and more speciacally the Cradock area. This will entail the exploration of the region and area in terms of physical and spatial features. Through the analyses of the natural structural elements, characteristics and local materials and assessment of Karoo architecture in terms of its use of materials, layout and craftsmanship, an appropriate response to the Karoo context should be achieved. The harsh environment will provide the opportunity to explore innovative means of optimum utilisation of resources, in order to ensure that the design is sustainable and therefore relevant to its context. This will contribute to a architectural expression which would allow a connection to nature and the area, by using nature to inspire this insight.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Craftsmanship in contemporary art: an exposition of selected artists’ practical non-involvement
- Van der Walt, Jonathan Petra
- Authors: Van der Walt, Jonathan Petra
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Art, Modern -- 21st century Sculpture -- South Africa -- Technique , Art and technology -- 21st century
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21285 , vital:29471
- Description: Craftsmanship in contemporary art production is the main area of focus for this visual arts based research. An exploration into the artistic production processes of selected contemporary artists’ work, reveals a tendency of physical non-involvement on the part of the artist, who takes up the role of art director. The research enquiry attempts to provide an answer as to whether credit should be given to the craftsman as well as to the artist in this artist/craftsman relationship. The use of a practice-led research strategy allows the researcher’s art-making practice to become an integral part of the cycles of research, as the development of the researcher’s practical understanding, techniques and execution are crucial in the practical component, but also conceptually as a stance in opposition to the selected artists’ lack of practical involvement. The researcher has identified and analysed the following five factors that have contributed to this current state of art production in contemporary art: Kitsch as an influence on the subject matter and content of art, Marcel Duchamp and his idea of the ‘readymade’ and issues of authorship, Andy Warhol and his ideas on art and business, the Conceptual Art movement and, the act and product of craft being perceived as being inferior to the fine arts In addition, an exploration of the production processes involved in the creation of the artworks of Jeff Koons, Damien Hirst, Maurizio Cattelan and Takashi Murakami highlights the craftspeople, fabricators and foundries that are responsible for these artists’ highly crafted aesthetics. As practice is crucial in developing a new understanding and meaning in visual-arts based research, the practical component describes the researcher’s core practical themes as being the following:the creation of naturalistic figurative small-scale sculptures in resin and bronze, placing the characters explored in the theoretical component as the subject matter.The advantages and disadvantages of the collaborative experience with Sculpture Casting Services (fine art foundry) and eNtsa (a Technology Innovation agency), especially the implementation of 3D technologies in both experiences; and the technical development and understanding in order to improve the researcher’s artistic practice Collaboration is an important underlying theme throughout this research undertaking. It is crucial in the production of most contemporary art, and assists in identifying the artist’s role within the production of his/her work. Finally, it relates to the researcher’s collaborative experience expanded upon in the practical component and its benefits as a production method. In concluding, the researcher finds that craftspeople do receive credit for the work they do in the form of money, business and marketing. They provide a service that a great number of artists generously support. Foundries and fabricators also place a mark on the work they do, much like the artist’s signature, as a symbol of pride and recognition. It is ultimately the artist’s technical abilities, workload and artist identity or brand that will determine the extent to which he or she will contribute to the collaboration, whether that be a simple idea, a sketch, a maquette or a large-scale sculpture ready for installation. However, in a rapidly advancing technological society, it is the idea of the artist as craftsman, both thinker and maker, that demands more respect.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Van der Walt, Jonathan Petra
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Art, Modern -- 21st century Sculpture -- South Africa -- Technique , Art and technology -- 21st century
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21285 , vital:29471
- Description: Craftsmanship in contemporary art production is the main area of focus for this visual arts based research. An exploration into the artistic production processes of selected contemporary artists’ work, reveals a tendency of physical non-involvement on the part of the artist, who takes up the role of art director. The research enquiry attempts to provide an answer as to whether credit should be given to the craftsman as well as to the artist in this artist/craftsman relationship. The use of a practice-led research strategy allows the researcher’s art-making practice to become an integral part of the cycles of research, as the development of the researcher’s practical understanding, techniques and execution are crucial in the practical component, but also conceptually as a stance in opposition to the selected artists’ lack of practical involvement. The researcher has identified and analysed the following five factors that have contributed to this current state of art production in contemporary art: Kitsch as an influence on the subject matter and content of art, Marcel Duchamp and his idea of the ‘readymade’ and issues of authorship, Andy Warhol and his ideas on art and business, the Conceptual Art movement and, the act and product of craft being perceived as being inferior to the fine arts In addition, an exploration of the production processes involved in the creation of the artworks of Jeff Koons, Damien Hirst, Maurizio Cattelan and Takashi Murakami highlights the craftspeople, fabricators and foundries that are responsible for these artists’ highly crafted aesthetics. As practice is crucial in developing a new understanding and meaning in visual-arts based research, the practical component describes the researcher’s core practical themes as being the following:the creation of naturalistic figurative small-scale sculptures in resin and bronze, placing the characters explored in the theoretical component as the subject matter.The advantages and disadvantages of the collaborative experience with Sculpture Casting Services (fine art foundry) and eNtsa (a Technology Innovation agency), especially the implementation of 3D technologies in both experiences; and the technical development and understanding in order to improve the researcher’s artistic practice Collaboration is an important underlying theme throughout this research undertaking. It is crucial in the production of most contemporary art, and assists in identifying the artist’s role within the production of his/her work. Finally, it relates to the researcher’s collaborative experience expanded upon in the practical component and its benefits as a production method. In concluding, the researcher finds that craftspeople do receive credit for the work they do in the form of money, business and marketing. They provide a service that a great number of artists generously support. Foundries and fabricators also place a mark on the work they do, much like the artist’s signature, as a symbol of pride and recognition. It is ultimately the artist’s technical abilities, workload and artist identity or brand that will determine the extent to which he or she will contribute to the collaboration, whether that be a simple idea, a sketch, a maquette or a large-scale sculpture ready for installation. However, in a rapidly advancing technological society, it is the idea of the artist as craftsman, both thinker and maker, that demands more respect.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Credit extension in South Africa: an analysis of the impact of interest rates and income levels on the level of household debt
- Widdop, James Stuart Hailstones
- Authors: Widdop, James Stuart Hailstones
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4988 , vital:20750
- Description: The recent growth in the unsecured lending market and the bankruptcy of African Bank Investments Limited have brought to light concerns regarding credit extension and the level of household indebtedness in South Africa. This study seeks to investigate the relevant aspects of credit extension in both the secured and unsecured lending markets by firstly analysing contemporary literature and then conducting a more formal empirical analysis. A VAR model is estimated to examine the effects household disposable income and interest rates have on the level of household debt in South Africa for the period 1995Q1-2015Q3. The empirical results indicate that there is no significant deterministic relationship between household disposable income and household debt. However, the results show that such a relationship does exist between interest rate and household debt. Finally, impulse response functions obtained from the VAR estimation are examined which indicate that both shocks too household disposable income and interest rates effect the level of household debt, but that this effect returns to equilibrium within six periods.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Widdop, James Stuart Hailstones
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4988 , vital:20750
- Description: The recent growth in the unsecured lending market and the bankruptcy of African Bank Investments Limited have brought to light concerns regarding credit extension and the level of household indebtedness in South Africa. This study seeks to investigate the relevant aspects of credit extension in both the secured and unsecured lending markets by firstly analysing contemporary literature and then conducting a more formal empirical analysis. A VAR model is estimated to examine the effects household disposable income and interest rates have on the level of household debt in South Africa for the period 1995Q1-2015Q3. The empirical results indicate that there is no significant deterministic relationship between household disposable income and household debt. However, the results show that such a relationship does exist between interest rate and household debt. Finally, impulse response functions obtained from the VAR estimation are examined which indicate that both shocks too household disposable income and interest rates effect the level of household debt, but that this effect returns to equilibrium within six periods.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Credit risk management in development finance institutions and SMME sustainability
- Authors: Derrocks, Velda Charmaine
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Credit -- Management Business enterprises -- Finance , Small business -- Finance
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14862 , vital:27884
- Description: Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) make a significant contribution to the South African Economy. Regardless of size, these businesses have the ability to create employment, make a generous contribution to tax collections, uplift communities and serve as a beacon of hope for those trapped in the cycle of poverty and unemployment. However, SMMEs lack access to much-needed financial resources that are critical for their growth. Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) aim to bridge the gap between the SMME’s financial needs and the development of the respective SMME businesses, by providing funding to entrepreneurs with potentially viable businesses and ideas. Debt funding to these SMMEs are based on sound commercial lending principles that take various non-quantitative variables into account. The sustainability of SMMEs is a primary concern to all participants in the economy, as it is known that SMME failure rates are high Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact that the credit risk management practices of DFIs have on the sustainability of SMMEs, by examining a case study of a typical DFI. An electronic questionnaire survey was considered as an appropriate measurement method for this study. The targeted population of the study included SMMEs in the Eastern Cape that are Trust for Urban Housing (TUHF) clients and 23 SMMEs were identified as part of the study sampling frame. A total number of 14 questionnaires were returned out of the 23 targeted SMMEs - giving a response rate of 61%. The quantitative data was processed using the STATISTICA program, leading to appropriate descriptive statistical analyses. In order to better understand the impact of credit risk management practices on the sustainability of SMMEs, a hypothesis was formulated and linear regression analysis was used to establish the statistical significance of certain credit risk principles and sustainability characteristics. The results of the empirical study revealed that credit risk management practises do impact on the sustainability of SMMEs. Further, by testing the hypothesis, it was also revealed that certain sustainability variables are regarded as more important than others.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Derrocks, Velda Charmaine
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Credit -- Management Business enterprises -- Finance , Small business -- Finance
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14862 , vital:27884
- Description: Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) make a significant contribution to the South African Economy. Regardless of size, these businesses have the ability to create employment, make a generous contribution to tax collections, uplift communities and serve as a beacon of hope for those trapped in the cycle of poverty and unemployment. However, SMMEs lack access to much-needed financial resources that are critical for their growth. Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) aim to bridge the gap between the SMME’s financial needs and the development of the respective SMME businesses, by providing funding to entrepreneurs with potentially viable businesses and ideas. Debt funding to these SMMEs are based on sound commercial lending principles that take various non-quantitative variables into account. The sustainability of SMMEs is a primary concern to all participants in the economy, as it is known that SMME failure rates are high Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact that the credit risk management practices of DFIs have on the sustainability of SMMEs, by examining a case study of a typical DFI. An electronic questionnaire survey was considered as an appropriate measurement method for this study. The targeted population of the study included SMMEs in the Eastern Cape that are Trust for Urban Housing (TUHF) clients and 23 SMMEs were identified as part of the study sampling frame. A total number of 14 questionnaires were returned out of the 23 targeted SMMEs - giving a response rate of 61%. The quantitative data was processed using the STATISTICA program, leading to appropriate descriptive statistical analyses. In order to better understand the impact of credit risk management practices on the sustainability of SMMEs, a hypothesis was formulated and linear regression analysis was used to establish the statistical significance of certain credit risk principles and sustainability characteristics. The results of the empirical study revealed that credit risk management practises do impact on the sustainability of SMMEs. Further, by testing the hypothesis, it was also revealed that certain sustainability variables are regarded as more important than others.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Critical analysis of landscape and belonging in Mola, Nyaminyami District, Zimbabwe
- Authors: Tombindo, Felix
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7533 , vital:21270
- Description: Land and inanimate resources constitute the most dominant theme in the history of Zimbabwe. Questions around land, the environment and natural resources in Zimbabwe have recently focused on the contentious Fast Track Land Reform Programme of the year 2000. Yet Zimbabwe’s land questions are not limited to this contentious land reform programme. Among Zimbabwe’s contentious land questions are those of the Tonga people, displaced in the 1950s to pave way for the construction of the Kariba dam. These people have faced further displacement through conservation-induced restrictions on land and environmental resource use, particularly in the Zambezi Valley and specifically in areas where they were relocated after the dam-induced displacement. This thesis examines the ways in which the Tonga people of Mola in NyamiNyami District have framed their present environment to place imprints in Mola from their Zambezi landscape and to convert Mola into a landscape of home and belonging. It looks at how the Tonga in Mola use these narratives of home and belonging to claim and contest access to environmental resources in the face of an unfettered regime of displacement and restricted environmental resource use. These narratives of home are located within the context of memories of the history of Kariba dam-induced displacement and present-day environmental conservation regime practices. The thesis frames the case study of the Tonga in Mola analytically through the use of mainly a social constructionist theory of landscape and, less so, with reference to the Bourdieusian concept of habitus. It uses qualitative research methods in doing so. The thesis reveals that, for the Tonga of Mola, the environment is a complex mix of physical space (natural environment) and non-physical entities that include ancestors. Because of this, the Mola Tongan environment is multifaceted and this entails landscape as lived reality and a sacred space. The ancestors, referred to locally as banalyo gundu (meaning ‘owners of the land’), constitute a key way in which the Tonga claim belonging to Mola, Lake Kariba and the Zambezi Valley escarpment. The thesis also identifies and highlights the phenomenon of a dual belonging (attachment to two places), namely Mola and the place from which they were displaced. This exists despite the many years since their displacement for the construction of Kariba. Based on their understandings of landscape, the Tonga of Mola construct notions of belonging and entitlement to Mola and Lake Kariba that exclude and include others at the local and national levels. Overall, belonging in Mola is presented and practised as a discursive, socially constructed phenomenon that exists at local and national levels.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Tombindo, Felix
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7533 , vital:21270
- Description: Land and inanimate resources constitute the most dominant theme in the history of Zimbabwe. Questions around land, the environment and natural resources in Zimbabwe have recently focused on the contentious Fast Track Land Reform Programme of the year 2000. Yet Zimbabwe’s land questions are not limited to this contentious land reform programme. Among Zimbabwe’s contentious land questions are those of the Tonga people, displaced in the 1950s to pave way for the construction of the Kariba dam. These people have faced further displacement through conservation-induced restrictions on land and environmental resource use, particularly in the Zambezi Valley and specifically in areas where they were relocated after the dam-induced displacement. This thesis examines the ways in which the Tonga people of Mola in NyamiNyami District have framed their present environment to place imprints in Mola from their Zambezi landscape and to convert Mola into a landscape of home and belonging. It looks at how the Tonga in Mola use these narratives of home and belonging to claim and contest access to environmental resources in the face of an unfettered regime of displacement and restricted environmental resource use. These narratives of home are located within the context of memories of the history of Kariba dam-induced displacement and present-day environmental conservation regime practices. The thesis frames the case study of the Tonga in Mola analytically through the use of mainly a social constructionist theory of landscape and, less so, with reference to the Bourdieusian concept of habitus. It uses qualitative research methods in doing so. The thesis reveals that, for the Tonga of Mola, the environment is a complex mix of physical space (natural environment) and non-physical entities that include ancestors. Because of this, the Mola Tongan environment is multifaceted and this entails landscape as lived reality and a sacred space. The ancestors, referred to locally as banalyo gundu (meaning ‘owners of the land’), constitute a key way in which the Tonga claim belonging to Mola, Lake Kariba and the Zambezi Valley escarpment. The thesis also identifies and highlights the phenomenon of a dual belonging (attachment to two places), namely Mola and the place from which they were displaced. This exists despite the many years since their displacement for the construction of Kariba. Based on their understandings of landscape, the Tonga of Mola construct notions of belonging and entitlement to Mola and Lake Kariba that exclude and include others at the local and national levels. Overall, belonging in Mola is presented and practised as a discursive, socially constructed phenomenon that exists at local and national levels.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Critical success factors for the implementation of an electronic health record system in the public health care sector of South Africa
- Katurura, Munyaradzi Caurage
- Authors: Katurura, Munyaradzi Caurage
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Medical records -- South Africa -- Data processing Public health -- South Africa Medical records -- Access control -- South Africa.
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13182 , vital:39472
- Description: South Africa intends to implement a National Health Insurance for its citizens, however, for this to be possible there is a need for registering and tracking all the patients who visit health care institutions. The use of EHRs was identified as the most suitable towards accomplishing the above-mentioned tasks. This study investigated other African countries’ EHR implementation efforts in order to identify the critical success factors for the implementation of EHR in South Africa’s public health system. The study conducted a structured literature review of articles written about EHR implementation in African countries and found that issues such as the high costs of implementation; resistance by health workers; a lack of suitable infrastructure; a lack of skills; political influence and poor government commitment were some of the challenges to the implementation of EHRs in African countries. The study then identified 6 critical factors that could address these challenges and ensure that EHR implementation is successful. Identified factors included Incentivising the health informatics career field to attract and retain ICT professionals; Encouraging participation of all stakeholders in the development process of EHR systems; Investigating and investing in alternative infrastructural facilities; Allocating separate budgets for E-health projects; Developing context relevant E-health implementation strategies and frameworks; and finally, Develop and implement Legislation specific to EHR implementation and continued use. Recommendations were also made on each factor regarding how it could be accomplished.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Katurura, Munyaradzi Caurage
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Medical records -- South Africa -- Data processing Public health -- South Africa Medical records -- Access control -- South Africa.
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13182 , vital:39472
- Description: South Africa intends to implement a National Health Insurance for its citizens, however, for this to be possible there is a need for registering and tracking all the patients who visit health care institutions. The use of EHRs was identified as the most suitable towards accomplishing the above-mentioned tasks. This study investigated other African countries’ EHR implementation efforts in order to identify the critical success factors for the implementation of EHR in South Africa’s public health system. The study conducted a structured literature review of articles written about EHR implementation in African countries and found that issues such as the high costs of implementation; resistance by health workers; a lack of suitable infrastructure; a lack of skills; political influence and poor government commitment were some of the challenges to the implementation of EHRs in African countries. The study then identified 6 critical factors that could address these challenges and ensure that EHR implementation is successful. Identified factors included Incentivising the health informatics career field to attract and retain ICT professionals; Encouraging participation of all stakeholders in the development process of EHR systems; Investigating and investing in alternative infrastructural facilities; Allocating separate budgets for E-health projects; Developing context relevant E-health implementation strategies and frameworks; and finally, Develop and implement Legislation specific to EHR implementation and continued use. Recommendations were also made on each factor regarding how it could be accomplished.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Critical success factors of effective performance appraisal and the latter's effect on employee engagement
- Authors: Tseana, Tloutsana
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Employees -- Rating of Employee motivation -- Research , Performance standards Personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21395 , vital:29511
- Description: The objective of this study was to investigate what the critical elements were for an employee performance appraisal system (EPA) to be effective and successful and whether the latter would enhance employee engagement. The study hypothesised that three elements, namely the level of trust in the appraiser, communication by the appraiser and the level of training of the appraiser would be critical to achieve an effective EPA. Effective performance appraisal is known to benefit organisations by helping them measure performance, motivate employees and most commonly help to make HR related administrative decisions, such as promotions and rewards. The study was conducted in a national public entity, which is constituted and mandated in terms of the PPEC Act, No 9 of 1983, to perform cold chain services and also under the APS Act, No.119 of 1990. The organisation studied also delivers inspection and food safety services for perishable products as mandated by the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. The research adopts a survey approach where self-administered questionnaires were used to gather data from the employees to measure their opinions of the measured elements of the employee performance appraisal (EPA). The surveys were issued to a total of 150 employees within the organisation and a total of 82 usable surveys were returned. The findings of the study revealed that the employees were generally satisfied with the level of competency, training of, and trust in, the appraiser, but there was still work to be done in improving the system and making it more successful and rewarding. Communication by the appraiser was found to be not significantly related to the effectiveness of the current performance appraisal system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Tseana, Tloutsana
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Employees -- Rating of Employee motivation -- Research , Performance standards Personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21395 , vital:29511
- Description: The objective of this study was to investigate what the critical elements were for an employee performance appraisal system (EPA) to be effective and successful and whether the latter would enhance employee engagement. The study hypothesised that three elements, namely the level of trust in the appraiser, communication by the appraiser and the level of training of the appraiser would be critical to achieve an effective EPA. Effective performance appraisal is known to benefit organisations by helping them measure performance, motivate employees and most commonly help to make HR related administrative decisions, such as promotions and rewards. The study was conducted in a national public entity, which is constituted and mandated in terms of the PPEC Act, No 9 of 1983, to perform cold chain services and also under the APS Act, No.119 of 1990. The organisation studied also delivers inspection and food safety services for perishable products as mandated by the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. The research adopts a survey approach where self-administered questionnaires were used to gather data from the employees to measure their opinions of the measured elements of the employee performance appraisal (EPA). The surveys were issued to a total of 150 employees within the organisation and a total of 82 usable surveys were returned. The findings of the study revealed that the employees were generally satisfied with the level of competency, training of, and trust in, the appraiser, but there was still work to be done in improving the system and making it more successful and rewarding. Communication by the appraiser was found to be not significantly related to the effectiveness of the current performance appraisal system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Crop production and sustainable livehoods for rural women of Sutterheim in Eastern Cape
- September, Lwandlekazi Christina
- Authors: September, Lwandlekazi Christina
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Rural development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Rural women -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Farms, Small -- Women -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20488 , vital:29296
- Description: The study focuses on investigating the impact of crop production to sustainable livelihood strategies among rural women. The main objective of the study are as follows: to investigate the extent to which Silwindlala crop production cooperative has improved the lives of Jerseyville rural women, to investigate the new skills that Jerseyville rural women have obtained from Silwindlala crop production cooperative, to explore on challenges that would contribute to failure of crop production cooperative and to come up with the recommendations that would contribute to policy formulation and skills on management of crop production cooperative of rural women. The study employed qualitative method for data collection and analysis. The main findings of this study were that, the impact of crop production on sustainable livelihood is still seasonal, during harvesting period. Data showed low educational status and lack of business management skills among rural women, however, technical skills and collective interest contributed to the success of the cooperative
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: September, Lwandlekazi Christina
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Rural development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Rural women -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Farms, Small -- Women -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20488 , vital:29296
- Description: The study focuses on investigating the impact of crop production to sustainable livelihood strategies among rural women. The main objective of the study are as follows: to investigate the extent to which Silwindlala crop production cooperative has improved the lives of Jerseyville rural women, to investigate the new skills that Jerseyville rural women have obtained from Silwindlala crop production cooperative, to explore on challenges that would contribute to failure of crop production cooperative and to come up with the recommendations that would contribute to policy formulation and skills on management of crop production cooperative of rural women. The study employed qualitative method for data collection and analysis. The main findings of this study were that, the impact of crop production on sustainable livelihood is still seasonal, during harvesting period. Data showed low educational status and lack of business management skills among rural women, however, technical skills and collective interest contributed to the success of the cooperative
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Cross-border assistance in the recovery of foreign tax debt
- Authors: Barnard, Hugo
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Taxation -- South Africa Tax administration and procedure -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15989 , vital:28302
- Description: Internationally, there is a growing drive towards inter-governmental assistance with tax matters, including assistance in the collection of outstanding tax debt. The purpose of this study is the consider the development of South Africa’s ability to assist with the collection of foreign tax debt. The South African common law revenue rule precludes South Africa from rendering assistance with the recovery of a foreign tax debt. The revenue rule, however, may be abrogated through legislation. Analysis of section 93 of the Income Tax Act1 and section 185 of the Tax Administration Act2 indicates that a pre-requisite for South Africa to render assistance with the collection of a tax debt is the existence of an international tax agreement between South Africa and the requesting state which makes provisions for such assistance. It was also found that the South African Revenue Service (SARS) would not be able to rely on section 172 of the Tax Administration Act in order to obtain a civil judgement for recovery of a foreign tax debt. Interpretation of these provisions in light of the Constitution3 and the Promotion of Administrative Justice Act4 (PAJA) indicates that they do not violate the Constitution, but actions taken by SARS may be subject to judicial review under the PAJA. After analysis of South Africa’s bilateral international tax agreements, it was found that 22 agreements contain provisions for assistance with collection of a tax debt. A review of the Multilateral Convention for Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters indicates that South Africa and 73 other countries are bound by it. Analysis of the provisions of the international tax agreements and the South African case law dealing with conflicts between international agreements and domestic legislation indicates that the South African courts would give preference to the provisions of the international agreement over domestic legislation in the case of a conflict. A review of selected cases involving assistance provisions in international tax agreements suggests that the South African courts will apply the assistance provisions to taxes that arose prior to the effective date of the assistance provisions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Barnard, Hugo
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Taxation -- South Africa Tax administration and procedure -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15989 , vital:28302
- Description: Internationally, there is a growing drive towards inter-governmental assistance with tax matters, including assistance in the collection of outstanding tax debt. The purpose of this study is the consider the development of South Africa’s ability to assist with the collection of foreign tax debt. The South African common law revenue rule precludes South Africa from rendering assistance with the recovery of a foreign tax debt. The revenue rule, however, may be abrogated through legislation. Analysis of section 93 of the Income Tax Act1 and section 185 of the Tax Administration Act2 indicates that a pre-requisite for South Africa to render assistance with the collection of a tax debt is the existence of an international tax agreement between South Africa and the requesting state which makes provisions for such assistance. It was also found that the South African Revenue Service (SARS) would not be able to rely on section 172 of the Tax Administration Act in order to obtain a civil judgement for recovery of a foreign tax debt. Interpretation of these provisions in light of the Constitution3 and the Promotion of Administrative Justice Act4 (PAJA) indicates that they do not violate the Constitution, but actions taken by SARS may be subject to judicial review under the PAJA. After analysis of South Africa’s bilateral international tax agreements, it was found that 22 agreements contain provisions for assistance with collection of a tax debt. A review of the Multilateral Convention for Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters indicates that South Africa and 73 other countries are bound by it. Analysis of the provisions of the international tax agreements and the South African case law dealing with conflicts between international agreements and domestic legislation indicates that the South African courts would give preference to the provisions of the international agreement over domestic legislation in the case of a conflict. A review of selected cases involving assistance provisions in international tax agreements suggests that the South African courts will apply the assistance provisions to taxes that arose prior to the effective date of the assistance provisions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Cultural and heritage tourism trends in the Amathole District Municipality of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, 2004-2014
- Authors: Mboniswa, Mncedi Justice
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Heritage tourism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Cultural property -- Repatriation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/7897 , vital:30798
- Description: The promotion of tourism in a country, especially those with high levels of poverty is one of the strategies that can potentially improve socio-economic conditions of citizens. In South Africa, cultural and heritage tourism is seen as one of the ways in which cultural resources can be utilised to benefit marginalised communities and individuals. Such resources can also serve as source of income since both domestic and international tourists can activate industry as they are interested in learning more about other cultures and heritage. There are on-going debates, however on what constitutes cultural and heritage tourism, who it benefits and how this enterprise is located within various communities of South Africa. This research therefore aims to fill this gap through investigating cultural and heritage tourism development trends within the Amathole District Municipality (ADM) and how this development trend impacts on employment creation and improving the socio-economic conditions of citizens within this area of ADM. To realise this aim, the study looks at the availability of cultural and heritage tourism structures within the ADM and the database records on these structures. This study adopts the community benefit tourism initiatives approach to tourism development in the Amathole District Municipality of the Eastern Cape Province. This qualitative study reveals how the community benefit tourism approach encompasses rewards to local communities, in as much as it enhances sustainability of tourism initiatives. In bringing out these aspects, the study also examines efforts of the government and private sector in the up-keeping of tourism initiatives, especially for marginalised communities of South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mboniswa, Mncedi Justice
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Heritage tourism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Cultural property -- Repatriation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/7897 , vital:30798
- Description: The promotion of tourism in a country, especially those with high levels of poverty is one of the strategies that can potentially improve socio-economic conditions of citizens. In South Africa, cultural and heritage tourism is seen as one of the ways in which cultural resources can be utilised to benefit marginalised communities and individuals. Such resources can also serve as source of income since both domestic and international tourists can activate industry as they are interested in learning more about other cultures and heritage. There are on-going debates, however on what constitutes cultural and heritage tourism, who it benefits and how this enterprise is located within various communities of South Africa. This research therefore aims to fill this gap through investigating cultural and heritage tourism development trends within the Amathole District Municipality (ADM) and how this development trend impacts on employment creation and improving the socio-economic conditions of citizens within this area of ADM. To realise this aim, the study looks at the availability of cultural and heritage tourism structures within the ADM and the database records on these structures. This study adopts the community benefit tourism initiatives approach to tourism development in the Amathole District Municipality of the Eastern Cape Province. This qualitative study reveals how the community benefit tourism approach encompasses rewards to local communities, in as much as it enhances sustainability of tourism initiatives. In bringing out these aspects, the study also examines efforts of the government and private sector in the up-keeping of tourism initiatives, especially for marginalised communities of South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Culturally informed conceptions of traumatic experience and coping strategies among the mole-dagbon of Ghana
- Authors: Thompson, Sandra
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Cultural psychiatry -- Ghana , Post-traumatic stress disorder -- Ghana , Dagbani (African people)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9327 , vital:26578
- Description: Culture is important to an individual’s understanding of traumatic events and the symptoms that ensue after such events. Cultural understandings also inform how individuals cope with the traumatic stress symptoms they experience. A great deal is known about the understanding of traumatic experiences and effective coping mechanisms used in Western cultures, but non-Western cultures are generally understudied. Valuable lessons are learnt from conducting studies with understudied non-Western cultures. The research sought to explore and describe the culturally informed conceptions of traumatic experience and coping strategies in one such understudied population - the Mole-Dagbon of Ghana. The research used a qualitative exploratory descriptive interpretive methodology. Purposive nonprobability sampling was used to gain access to individuals who could comment on the knowledge objectives of the study. Data was collected using focus group discussions with cultural leaders, and semi-structured interviews with traumatized individuals. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, translated and analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. The findings indicated that traumatic experiences and the coping strategies are influenced by a number of cultural factors. Participants’ understanding of traumatic experiences and symptoms relied heavily on normative traditional African cultural understandings, but explanations also utilized monotheistic (from Islam and Christianity) worldviews. It was also evident that not all explanations were purely spiritual and events and symptoms were also explained using a natural/scientific framework. Some aspects of this system indicated parallels with the Western cognitive understanding of traumatic stress symptoms. The Mole-Dagbon did not focus naturally on explaining the events and symptoms and in the current sample such explanations were often deferred to authoritative individuals in the society (especially the soothsayers from the Traditional African Religion). However, there was an easy focus on coping with the symptoms after a traumatic event and in this last aspect there was a great degree of agreement between participants. A clear hierarchy of coping emerged with community and family social support being considered the most important aspect. Irrespective of religious affiliation, individuals also considered a visit to the soothsayer and completing prescribed rituals as important in the process. Even where an individual did not wish to include this practice from African Traditional Religion because of religious affiliation, they acknowledged the existence and effectiveness of these practices. Finally, it was thought important that a traumatized individual consult a religious leader for counselling (again irrespective of the actual religion). While there were elements of cognitive understanding and a recognition of counselling by religious leaders, Western based treatment modalities were not mentioned as options for the treatment of the symptoms of PTSD. Practitioners that come into contact with the Mole-Dagbon may need to use collaborative treatment strategies that respects and utilizes cultural treatment strategies for PTSD. One interesting element that needs further exploration is whether the cognitive understandings of the Mole-Dagbon can be used in a cognitive therapeutic paradigm. Even though these cognitive appraisals are present in explaining symptoms, there are no direct cultural remedies that rely on them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Thompson, Sandra
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Cultural psychiatry -- Ghana , Post-traumatic stress disorder -- Ghana , Dagbani (African people)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9327 , vital:26578
- Description: Culture is important to an individual’s understanding of traumatic events and the symptoms that ensue after such events. Cultural understandings also inform how individuals cope with the traumatic stress symptoms they experience. A great deal is known about the understanding of traumatic experiences and effective coping mechanisms used in Western cultures, but non-Western cultures are generally understudied. Valuable lessons are learnt from conducting studies with understudied non-Western cultures. The research sought to explore and describe the culturally informed conceptions of traumatic experience and coping strategies in one such understudied population - the Mole-Dagbon of Ghana. The research used a qualitative exploratory descriptive interpretive methodology. Purposive nonprobability sampling was used to gain access to individuals who could comment on the knowledge objectives of the study. Data was collected using focus group discussions with cultural leaders, and semi-structured interviews with traumatized individuals. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, translated and analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. The findings indicated that traumatic experiences and the coping strategies are influenced by a number of cultural factors. Participants’ understanding of traumatic experiences and symptoms relied heavily on normative traditional African cultural understandings, but explanations also utilized monotheistic (from Islam and Christianity) worldviews. It was also evident that not all explanations were purely spiritual and events and symptoms were also explained using a natural/scientific framework. Some aspects of this system indicated parallels with the Western cognitive understanding of traumatic stress symptoms. The Mole-Dagbon did not focus naturally on explaining the events and symptoms and in the current sample such explanations were often deferred to authoritative individuals in the society (especially the soothsayers from the Traditional African Religion). However, there was an easy focus on coping with the symptoms after a traumatic event and in this last aspect there was a great degree of agreement between participants. A clear hierarchy of coping emerged with community and family social support being considered the most important aspect. Irrespective of religious affiliation, individuals also considered a visit to the soothsayer and completing prescribed rituals as important in the process. Even where an individual did not wish to include this practice from African Traditional Religion because of religious affiliation, they acknowledged the existence and effectiveness of these practices. Finally, it was thought important that a traumatized individual consult a religious leader for counselling (again irrespective of the actual religion). While there were elements of cognitive understanding and a recognition of counselling by religious leaders, Western based treatment modalities were not mentioned as options for the treatment of the symptoms of PTSD. Practitioners that come into contact with the Mole-Dagbon may need to use collaborative treatment strategies that respects and utilizes cultural treatment strategies for PTSD. One interesting element that needs further exploration is whether the cognitive understandings of the Mole-Dagbon can be used in a cognitive therapeutic paradigm. Even though these cognitive appraisals are present in explaining symptoms, there are no direct cultural remedies that rely on them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Customer preferences with regard to milk packaging
- Authors: Herbst, Ruben Andreas
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Consumer behavior Consumers' preferences , Consumer satisfaction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15967 , vital:28295
- Description: The milk industry in the Eastern Cape is very competitive and milk suppliers must use all means, including packaging, to influence buying behaviour. The aim of the study was to investigate customer preferences with regard to milk packaging in the Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB) area. The purpose was to develop a better understanding of customer preferences so that packaging could be designed to satisfy customer expectations and needs. The research design was based on a quantitative approach (non-experimental) and the study was descriptive in nature. The measuring instrument was a self-developed questionnaire, which was developed based on the literature study and previous empirical studies conducted by Adam and Ali (2014a) and Ahmed, Pumar and Amin (2014). The sample consisted of 199 adult shoppers in the Nelson Mandela Bay area, selected through snowball and quota sampling. Data was collected with the help of fieldworkers, coded into Microsoft Excel and processed with statistical software. Descriptive statistics and canonical correlation analysis were used to identify customer preferences and relationships between the different dimensions of milk packaging. The results revealed that size, materials, convenience in handing and product information (expiry date) were important. Colour and design were not regarded as important by the target group.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Herbst, Ruben Andreas
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Consumer behavior Consumers' preferences , Consumer satisfaction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15967 , vital:28295
- Description: The milk industry in the Eastern Cape is very competitive and milk suppliers must use all means, including packaging, to influence buying behaviour. The aim of the study was to investigate customer preferences with regard to milk packaging in the Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB) area. The purpose was to develop a better understanding of customer preferences so that packaging could be designed to satisfy customer expectations and needs. The research design was based on a quantitative approach (non-experimental) and the study was descriptive in nature. The measuring instrument was a self-developed questionnaire, which was developed based on the literature study and previous empirical studies conducted by Adam and Ali (2014a) and Ahmed, Pumar and Amin (2014). The sample consisted of 199 adult shoppers in the Nelson Mandela Bay area, selected through snowball and quota sampling. Data was collected with the help of fieldworkers, coded into Microsoft Excel and processed with statistical software. Descriptive statistics and canonical correlation analysis were used to identify customer preferences and relationships between the different dimensions of milk packaging. The results revealed that size, materials, convenience in handing and product information (expiry date) were important. Colour and design were not regarded as important by the target group.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Dance as a tool for emotional well-being
- Authors: Conchar, Lauren
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Dance therapy , Well-being , Happiness , Adolescent psychology , Dance -- Social aspects -- South Africa -- Cape Flats , Dance -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa -- Cape Flats , Dance -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa -- Cape Flats -- Case studies , Community development, Urban -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa -- Cape Flats -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5129 , vital:20779
- Description: Dance has numerous benefits for emotional well-being. For young people specifically it can serve as a prosocial activity where they can engage in a purposeful activity, in a safe space with consistent boundaries and discipline, while surrounded by peers, teachers and positive role models. Recreational spaces that allow young people to feel safe and express themselves is especially important in low socioeconomic areas where there are limited resources and exposure to heightened levels of crime as young people may be less likely to engage in negative behaviours when they have access to alternative, positive activities. This research aimed to explore the lived experiences of a group of young people who participate in dance classes at a community dance project in the Western Cape. The sample group consisted of four young people between the ages of 16 and 20. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants and the interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three major themes emerged from the data, namely 1) My exposure to dance - The impact of context, 2) What motivates me to continue attending classes - The fulfilment of the three basic psychological needs, and 3) How does dance make me feel - The experience of emotional well-being through dance. The discussion of the findings yielded many similarities between the experiences of the participants and the relevant literature. Further, it appears that all four participants experience the satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs (competence, autonomy and relatedness) at the centre. This may serve as a motivator to continue attending classes as well as contribute to sustained eudaimonic wellbeing. Recommendations include further studies being conducted with groups of young people engaging in dance projects in different socioeconomic contexts and in different parts of South Africa. This could give us a more rounded understanding of how people young people experience dance class and how it contributes to emotional well-being. Further research could also be conducted with recreational projects that offer other activities in under-resourced areas in order to better inform the development of such recreational activities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Conchar, Lauren
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Dance therapy , Well-being , Happiness , Adolescent psychology , Dance -- Social aspects -- South Africa -- Cape Flats , Dance -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa -- Cape Flats , Dance -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa -- Cape Flats -- Case studies , Community development, Urban -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa -- Cape Flats -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5129 , vital:20779
- Description: Dance has numerous benefits for emotional well-being. For young people specifically it can serve as a prosocial activity where they can engage in a purposeful activity, in a safe space with consistent boundaries and discipline, while surrounded by peers, teachers and positive role models. Recreational spaces that allow young people to feel safe and express themselves is especially important in low socioeconomic areas where there are limited resources and exposure to heightened levels of crime as young people may be less likely to engage in negative behaviours when they have access to alternative, positive activities. This research aimed to explore the lived experiences of a group of young people who participate in dance classes at a community dance project in the Western Cape. The sample group consisted of four young people between the ages of 16 and 20. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants and the interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three major themes emerged from the data, namely 1) My exposure to dance - The impact of context, 2) What motivates me to continue attending classes - The fulfilment of the three basic psychological needs, and 3) How does dance make me feel - The experience of emotional well-being through dance. The discussion of the findings yielded many similarities between the experiences of the participants and the relevant literature. Further, it appears that all four participants experience the satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs (competence, autonomy and relatedness) at the centre. This may serve as a motivator to continue attending classes as well as contribute to sustained eudaimonic wellbeing. Recommendations include further studies being conducted with groups of young people engaging in dance projects in different socioeconomic contexts and in different parts of South Africa. This could give us a more rounded understanding of how people young people experience dance class and how it contributes to emotional well-being. Further research could also be conducted with recreational projects that offer other activities in under-resourced areas in order to better inform the development of such recreational activities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017