Behavioural activities and chemical composition of fresh leaf essential oil of Plectranthus aegyptiacus from Southwest Nigeria in mice
- Authors: Akuegbe, Enimeya Dressman , Oyemitan, Idris Ajayi , Oyedeji, Opeoluwa , Ogunlowo, Ifeoluwa Isaac , Miya, Gugulethu Mathew , Oyedeji, Adebola
- Date: 2021-6
- Subjects: Acute toxicity testing , Carvacrol , Essential oil , Behaviour modification , Plectranthus
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6506 , vital:46434 , ("https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.2.0030")
- Description: This study determined the chemical composition of essential oil obtained from fresh leaf of Plectranthus aegyptiacus, and evaluated it for novelty-induced behavioural (NIB) and determine its mechanism(s) of action in mice. The oil was hydro-distillated, and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effects of the oil (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg; i.p., n=6) on novelty-induced behavioural was assessed using open field test and head dipping on hole board. Probable mechanism(s) were evaluated using antagonists: flumazenil, naloxone and cyproheptadine at 2 mg/kg each, atropine and yohimbine at 5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg respectively. The LD50 values obtained were 2154 and 490 mg/kg for oral and intraperitoneal routes respectively. The oil (50, 100 and150 mg/kg) significantly (p less 0.05, 0.01 and 0.01) inhibited all NIB and head dips. Flumazenil significantly (p less than 0.05) reversed the effect of the oil on NIB; atropine, naloxone and cyproheptadine significantly (p less than 0.01, 0.01 and 0.001) potentiated inhibitory effect on NIB respectively, while yohimbine showed no significantly effect. The analyzed oil showed 61 compounds, and the major compounds were carvacrol, germacrene-D, p-cymene and [1,1'-Bicyclopentyl]-2,2'-diol. The study concluded that the oil possessed central nervous system depressant activity, which could be mediated mainly through augmentation of GABAergic neurotransmission, while cholinergic-(muscarinic), adrenergic and serotonergic pathways may be involved.
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- Date Issued: 2021-6
Chemical Profiling, Toxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils from Three Grapefruit Cultivars from KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa
- Authors: Miya, Gugulethu , Oyedeji, Opeoluwa , Gondwe, Mavuto , Oyedeji, Adebola
- Date: 2021-6
- Subjects: South Africa Citrus paradisi grapefruit essential oil toxicity anti-inflammatory Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6479 , vital:46408 , ("https://DOI:10.3390/molecules26113387")
- Description: Introduction: This case report discusses the successful use of an improvised bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) apparatus made using items commonly available in a poorly resourced district hospital. Case presentation: A 64-year-old female with no co-morbidities presented with respiratory failure due to pulmonary tuberculosis and was not accepted into the regional Intensive Care Unit (ICU) on referral. She required 8 days of improvised bubble CPAP to maintain adequate oxygen saturation before weaning and eventual discharge. Discussion: Improvised bubble CPAP is commonly used in neonatal care in developing countries and well described in literature however, there are no reports of its successful use in adult patients. In the absence of access to ICU or other Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) equipment, improvised bubble CPAP may provide some therapeutic benefit.
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- Date Issued: 2021-6