Rhodes University Research Report 2010
- Rhodes University, Roberts, Jaine
- Authors: Rhodes University , Roberts, Jaine
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:565 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011968
- Description: From Introduction: In 2010, the total subsidy earning accredited research output count for Rhodes University of 615.3 units represents an increase of 9% on the previous year. By far the major contributor to this growth was the significant increase in both PhD (37.5% up on 2009) and Masters by thesis students (34.5% up on 2009). Rhodes contributed 3.3% of all accredited research output in the public higher education sector in 2010 (0.1% up on 2009). With 1.9% of academic staff in the system, Rhodes retained its place amongst the top three most productive universities as measured by accredited publications per academic. Rhodes exceeds the DHET research output norm for universities by 53%. In 2010, the total accredited publication output count for Rhodes University of 325.33 units represented a decline over 2009 of 7.3 percent. This followed two years of steep growth during which accredited research publication output grew by 28%. Accredited publication output for 2010 consisted mainly of journals at 89.9%, with conference proceedings at 7.2% and books and book chapters at 2.9% making far smaller contributions. This mix is roughly in line with the sector as a whole. It has been recognised that books and book chapters are underappreciated in relation to journals, and recommendations to increase the weighted points that they attract as proposed by ASSAf1 are awaiting approval by the DHET. and book chapters submitted, because the hurdle of independent reviewing is not always met by the publishing avenues chosen by authors. The University has become increasingly reliant on research funding in recent years as a larger proportion of its budget, and attention at university council level is being given to ensuring that appropriate systems and support structures for researchers are in place. I add my warm thanks and congratulations to all of our researchers, funders, collaborators and partners who contributed to the excellent research results of 2010. , A Publication of the Rhodes Research Office,compiled and edited by Jaine Roberts
- Full Text:
- Authors: Rhodes University , Roberts, Jaine
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:565 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011968
- Description: From Introduction: In 2010, the total subsidy earning accredited research output count for Rhodes University of 615.3 units represents an increase of 9% on the previous year. By far the major contributor to this growth was the significant increase in both PhD (37.5% up on 2009) and Masters by thesis students (34.5% up on 2009). Rhodes contributed 3.3% of all accredited research output in the public higher education sector in 2010 (0.1% up on 2009). With 1.9% of academic staff in the system, Rhodes retained its place amongst the top three most productive universities as measured by accredited publications per academic. Rhodes exceeds the DHET research output norm for universities by 53%. In 2010, the total accredited publication output count for Rhodes University of 325.33 units represented a decline over 2009 of 7.3 percent. This followed two years of steep growth during which accredited research publication output grew by 28%. Accredited publication output for 2010 consisted mainly of journals at 89.9%, with conference proceedings at 7.2% and books and book chapters at 2.9% making far smaller contributions. This mix is roughly in line with the sector as a whole. It has been recognised that books and book chapters are underappreciated in relation to journals, and recommendations to increase the weighted points that they attract as proposed by ASSAf1 are awaiting approval by the DHET. and book chapters submitted, because the hurdle of independent reviewing is not always met by the publishing avenues chosen by authors. The University has become increasingly reliant on research funding in recent years as a larger proportion of its budget, and attention at university council level is being given to ensuring that appropriate systems and support structures for researchers are in place. I add my warm thanks and congratulations to all of our researchers, funders, collaborators and partners who contributed to the excellent research results of 2010. , A Publication of the Rhodes Research Office,compiled and edited by Jaine Roberts
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Robert Herrick's self-presentation in Hesperides and his Noble numbers
- Authors: Faull, Lionel Peter
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Herrick, Robert, 1591-1674 Criticism and interpretation Herrick, Robert, 1591-1674. Hesperides Herrick, Robert, 1591-1674. Noble numbers English poetry -- Early modern, 1500-1700 -- History and criticism
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2207 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002250
- Description: Literature has tended to be cut from the moorings of its authorial origins under the influential literary criticism of the past forty years. This thesis is an attempt to re-moor a work of literature to its authorial origins; particularly a work of literature in which the author-poet‘s self-referential markers are so overtly and persistently present as is the case in Hesperides and His Noble Numbers. Although there is a significant overlap between the real-life Herrick and the Hesperidean Herrick, the two figures cannot be regarded as identical. Instead, Herrick‘s deployment of specific genres and not of others, his chosen conventions for ordering a collection of miscellaneous poems, and his adoption of certain conventional poetic stances provide him with a semi-fictionalised way of declaring who he understands himself to be and how he wants himself to be understood. At the same time, the rich classical mythological associations of Herrick‘s title, Hesperides, declare his status as an inheritor of the classical literary tradition, whose hallmark during the Renaissance was the melding of classical, Christian and secular associations into new and complexly polyvalent literary works. For example, Herrick‘s appropriation of the classical mythological figure of Hercules provides him with both a narrative way and an allegorical way of reconciling the so-called secular, or profane poetry of Hesperides with the so-called religious, or divine poetry of Noble Numbers. In Noble Numbers, Herrick reveals new facets of his self-presentation to the reader, whilst also making explicit the theological congruencies between the two works. Herrick‘s religious self-presentation demonstrates his expansive scholarly interests, as well his instinct to include, rather than to exclude, the religious beliefs of others within his syncretistic sense-of-self. Finally, the placement of Noble Numbers after Hesperides is not a signal that Herrick privileged the former, or took his religion less seriously than he did his love for classical poetry, but rather that in Herrick‘s understanding of his world, man‘s fleeting glimpses of God in the secular sphere give way to a fuller comprehension of Him in the divine sphere.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Faull, Lionel Peter
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Herrick, Robert, 1591-1674 Criticism and interpretation Herrick, Robert, 1591-1674. Hesperides Herrick, Robert, 1591-1674. Noble numbers English poetry -- Early modern, 1500-1700 -- History and criticism
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2207 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002250
- Description: Literature has tended to be cut from the moorings of its authorial origins under the influential literary criticism of the past forty years. This thesis is an attempt to re-moor a work of literature to its authorial origins; particularly a work of literature in which the author-poet‘s self-referential markers are so overtly and persistently present as is the case in Hesperides and His Noble Numbers. Although there is a significant overlap between the real-life Herrick and the Hesperidean Herrick, the two figures cannot be regarded as identical. Instead, Herrick‘s deployment of specific genres and not of others, his chosen conventions for ordering a collection of miscellaneous poems, and his adoption of certain conventional poetic stances provide him with a semi-fictionalised way of declaring who he understands himself to be and how he wants himself to be understood. At the same time, the rich classical mythological associations of Herrick‘s title, Hesperides, declare his status as an inheritor of the classical literary tradition, whose hallmark during the Renaissance was the melding of classical, Christian and secular associations into new and complexly polyvalent literary works. For example, Herrick‘s appropriation of the classical mythological figure of Hercules provides him with both a narrative way and an allegorical way of reconciling the so-called secular, or profane poetry of Hesperides with the so-called religious, or divine poetry of Noble Numbers. In Noble Numbers, Herrick reveals new facets of his self-presentation to the reader, whilst also making explicit the theological congruencies between the two works. Herrick‘s religious self-presentation demonstrates his expansive scholarly interests, as well his instinct to include, rather than to exclude, the religious beliefs of others within his syncretistic sense-of-self. Finally, the placement of Noble Numbers after Hesperides is not a signal that Herrick privileged the former, or took his religion less seriously than he did his love for classical poetry, but rather that in Herrick‘s understanding of his world, man‘s fleeting glimpses of God in the secular sphere give way to a fuller comprehension of Him in the divine sphere.
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Rural livelihoods and food security in the aftermath of the fast track land reform in Zimbabwe
- Authors: Jowah, Eddah Vimbai
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Land reform -- Zimbabwe Food security -- Zimbabwe Sustainable development -- Zimbabwe Right of property -- Zimbabwe Zimbabwe -- Economic conditions Rural development -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3302 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003090
- Description: Land reforms are back on the development agenda. Different types of land reforms have been adopted globally in recent years, but by far the most controversial and most radical has been the fast track land reform pursued by the Government of Zimbabwe from 2000. There is general scholarly agreement that the fast track process has been accompanied by various socio-economic and political challenges, including an increase in levels of food insecurity. This thesis examines fast track reform in specific relation to the livelihoods of smallholder households and household food security amongst land beneficiaries. It argues that the problem of food insecurity in Zimbabwe is a complex social, political and economic issue, which cannot be simplistically reduced to the failures of fast track. Understanding household food insecurity post-2000 needs to go beyond the notion that the nation‟s food security hinges on overall levels of production alone. In particular, livelihoods and food security need to be conceptualised at community and household levels. Therefore, while addressing the broad macro-level analysis and discourse around the process of fast track, the study also adopts a micro-level analysis to look at the varied impact of fast track on the actual beneficiaries. The research focuses on small-scale beneficiaries in the Goromonzi District of Zimbabwe and, through the use of the sustainable livelihoods framework, looks at how their local contexts have been influenced by the wider socio-economic and political processes, and how beneficiaries have sought ways of coping with the challenges they face.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Jowah, Eddah Vimbai
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Land reform -- Zimbabwe Food security -- Zimbabwe Sustainable development -- Zimbabwe Right of property -- Zimbabwe Zimbabwe -- Economic conditions Rural development -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3302 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003090
- Description: Land reforms are back on the development agenda. Different types of land reforms have been adopted globally in recent years, but by far the most controversial and most radical has been the fast track land reform pursued by the Government of Zimbabwe from 2000. There is general scholarly agreement that the fast track process has been accompanied by various socio-economic and political challenges, including an increase in levels of food insecurity. This thesis examines fast track reform in specific relation to the livelihoods of smallholder households and household food security amongst land beneficiaries. It argues that the problem of food insecurity in Zimbabwe is a complex social, political and economic issue, which cannot be simplistically reduced to the failures of fast track. Understanding household food insecurity post-2000 needs to go beyond the notion that the nation‟s food security hinges on overall levels of production alone. In particular, livelihoods and food security need to be conceptualised at community and household levels. Therefore, while addressing the broad macro-level analysis and discourse around the process of fast track, the study also adopts a micro-level analysis to look at the varied impact of fast track on the actual beneficiaries. The research focuses on small-scale beneficiaries in the Goromonzi District of Zimbabwe and, through the use of the sustainable livelihoods framework, looks at how their local contexts have been influenced by the wider socio-economic and political processes, and how beneficiaries have sought ways of coping with the challenges they face.
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Sample preparation for pesticide analysis in water and sediments a case study of the Okavango Delta, Botswana
- Authors: Mmualefe, Lesego Cecilia
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Water quality -- Botswana -- Okavango Delta Water -- Analysis Pesticides -- Environmental aspects -- Botswana -- Okavango Delta Water -- Pollution -- Botswana -- Okavango Delta DDT (Insecticide) -- Environmental aspects -- Botswana -- Okavango Delta
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4344 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005006
- Description: This thesis presents a first ever extensive analysis of pesticides in water and sediments from the Okavango Delta, Botswana, employing green sample preparation techniques that require small volumes of organic solvents hence generating negligible volumes of organic solvent waste. Pesticides were extracted and pre-concentrated from water by solid phase extraction (SPE) and headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) while supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and pressurized fluid extraction (PFE) were employed for sediments. Subsequent analysis was carried out on a gas chromatograph with electron capture detection and analytes were unequivocally confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometric detection. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), trans-chlordane, 4,4′-DDD and 4,4′-DDE were detected after optimized HS-SPME in several water samples from the lower Delta at concentrations ranging from 2.4 to 61.4 μg L-1 that are much higher than the 0.1 μg L-1 maximum limit of individual organochlorine pesticides in drinking water set by the European Community Directive. The same samples were cleaned with ISOLUTE C18 SPE sorbent with an optimal acetone/n-hexane (1:1 v/v) mixture for the elution of analytes. No pesticides were detected after SPE clean-up and pre-concentration. HCB, aldrin and 4, 4‟-DDT were identified in sediments after SFE at concentration ranges of 1.1 - 30.3, 0.5 – 15.2 and 1.4 – 55.4 μg/g, respectively. There was an increase of pesticides concentrations in the direction of water flow from the Panhandle (point of entry) to the lower delta. DDE, fatty acids and phthalates were detected after PFE with optimized extraction solvent and temperature. The presence of DDT metabolites in the water and sediments from the Okavango Delta confirm historical exposure to the pesticide. However their cumulative concentration increase in the water-flow direction calls for further investigation of point sources for the long-term preservation of the Delta. The green sample preparation techniques and low toxicity solvents employed in this thesis are thus recommended for routine environmental monitoring exercises.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mmualefe, Lesego Cecilia
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Water quality -- Botswana -- Okavango Delta Water -- Analysis Pesticides -- Environmental aspects -- Botswana -- Okavango Delta Water -- Pollution -- Botswana -- Okavango Delta DDT (Insecticide) -- Environmental aspects -- Botswana -- Okavango Delta
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4344 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005006
- Description: This thesis presents a first ever extensive analysis of pesticides in water and sediments from the Okavango Delta, Botswana, employing green sample preparation techniques that require small volumes of organic solvents hence generating negligible volumes of organic solvent waste. Pesticides were extracted and pre-concentrated from water by solid phase extraction (SPE) and headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) while supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and pressurized fluid extraction (PFE) were employed for sediments. Subsequent analysis was carried out on a gas chromatograph with electron capture detection and analytes were unequivocally confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometric detection. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), trans-chlordane, 4,4′-DDD and 4,4′-DDE were detected after optimized HS-SPME in several water samples from the lower Delta at concentrations ranging from 2.4 to 61.4 μg L-1 that are much higher than the 0.1 μg L-1 maximum limit of individual organochlorine pesticides in drinking water set by the European Community Directive. The same samples were cleaned with ISOLUTE C18 SPE sorbent with an optimal acetone/n-hexane (1:1 v/v) mixture for the elution of analytes. No pesticides were detected after SPE clean-up and pre-concentration. HCB, aldrin and 4, 4‟-DDT were identified in sediments after SFE at concentration ranges of 1.1 - 30.3, 0.5 – 15.2 and 1.4 – 55.4 μg/g, respectively. There was an increase of pesticides concentrations in the direction of water flow from the Panhandle (point of entry) to the lower delta. DDE, fatty acids and phthalates were detected after PFE with optimized extraction solvent and temperature. The presence of DDT metabolites in the water and sediments from the Okavango Delta confirm historical exposure to the pesticide. However their cumulative concentration increase in the water-flow direction calls for further investigation of point sources for the long-term preservation of the Delta. The green sample preparation techniques and low toxicity solvents employed in this thesis are thus recommended for routine environmental monitoring exercises.
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saturday in münich
- Authors: Krueger, Anton
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , poem
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/468785 , vital:77128 , ISBN 0028-4459 , https://journals.co.za/doi/epdf/10.10520/EJC47821
- Description: New Coin is one of South Africa's most established and influential poetry journals. It publishes poetry, and poetry-related reviews, commentary and interviews. New Coin places a particular emphasis on evolving forms and experimental use of the English language in poetry in the South African context. In this sense it has traced the most exciting trends and currents in contemporary poetry in South Africa for a decade of more. The journal is published twice a year in June and December by the Institute for the Study of English in Africa (ISEA), Rhodes University.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Krueger, Anton
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , poem
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/468785 , vital:77128 , ISBN 0028-4459 , https://journals.co.za/doi/epdf/10.10520/EJC47821
- Description: New Coin is one of South Africa's most established and influential poetry journals. It publishes poetry, and poetry-related reviews, commentary and interviews. New Coin places a particular emphasis on evolving forms and experimental use of the English language in poetry in the South African context. In this sense it has traced the most exciting trends and currents in contemporary poetry in South Africa for a decade of more. The journal is published twice a year in June and December by the Institute for the Study of English in Africa (ISEA), Rhodes University.
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Sedimentary facies and geomorphic evolution of a blocked‐valley lake: Lake Futululu, northern Kwazulu‐Natal, South Africa
- Grenfell, Suzanne E, Ellery, William F N, Grenfell, Michael C, Ramsay, Lisa F, Flügel, Tyrel J
- Authors: Grenfell, Suzanne E , Ellery, William F N , Grenfell, Michael C , Ramsay, Lisa F , Flügel, Tyrel J
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126826 , vital:35928 , https://doi.10.1111/j.1365-3091.2009.01141.x
- Description: Blocked-valley lakes are formed when tributaries are impounded by the relatively rapid aggradation of a large river and its floodplain. These features are common in the landscape, and have been identified in the floodplains of the Solimo˜es-Amazon (Brazil) and Fly-Strickland Rivers (Papua New Guinea), for example, but their inaccessibility has resulted in studies being limited to remotely sensed image analysis. This paper documents the sedimentology and geomorphic evolution of a blocked-valley lake, Lake Futululu on the Mfolozi River floodplain margin, in South Africa, while also offering a context for the formation of lakes and wetlands at tributary junctions. The study combines aerial photography, elevation data from orthophotographs and field survey, and longitudinal sedimentology determined from a series of cores, which were sub-sampled for organic content and particle size analysis. Radiocarbon dating was used to gauge the rate and timing of peat accumulation. Results indicate that following the last glacial maximum, rising sea-levels caused aggradation of the Mfolozi River floodplain. By 3980 years bp, aggradation on the floodplain had impounded the Futululu drainage line, creating conditions suitable for peat formation, which has since occurred at a constant average rate of 0Æ13 cm year)1. Continued aggradation on the Mfolozi River floodplain has raised the base level of the Futululu drainage line, resulting in a series of backstepping sedimentary facies with fluvially derived sand and silt episodically prograding over lacustrine peat deposits. Blocked-valley lakes form where the trunk river has a much larger sediment load and catchment than the tributary stream. Similarly, when the relative difference in sediment loads is less, palustrine wetlands, rather than lakes, may be the result. In contrast, where tributaries drain a steep, well-connected catchment, they may impound much larger trunk rivers, creating lakes or wetlands upstream.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Grenfell, Suzanne E , Ellery, William F N , Grenfell, Michael C , Ramsay, Lisa F , Flügel, Tyrel J
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126826 , vital:35928 , https://doi.10.1111/j.1365-3091.2009.01141.x
- Description: Blocked-valley lakes are formed when tributaries are impounded by the relatively rapid aggradation of a large river and its floodplain. These features are common in the landscape, and have been identified in the floodplains of the Solimo˜es-Amazon (Brazil) and Fly-Strickland Rivers (Papua New Guinea), for example, but their inaccessibility has resulted in studies being limited to remotely sensed image analysis. This paper documents the sedimentology and geomorphic evolution of a blocked-valley lake, Lake Futululu on the Mfolozi River floodplain margin, in South Africa, while also offering a context for the formation of lakes and wetlands at tributary junctions. The study combines aerial photography, elevation data from orthophotographs and field survey, and longitudinal sedimentology determined from a series of cores, which were sub-sampled for organic content and particle size analysis. Radiocarbon dating was used to gauge the rate and timing of peat accumulation. Results indicate that following the last glacial maximum, rising sea-levels caused aggradation of the Mfolozi River floodplain. By 3980 years bp, aggradation on the floodplain had impounded the Futululu drainage line, creating conditions suitable for peat formation, which has since occurred at a constant average rate of 0Æ13 cm year)1. Continued aggradation on the Mfolozi River floodplain has raised the base level of the Futululu drainage line, resulting in a series of backstepping sedimentary facies with fluvially derived sand and silt episodically prograding over lacustrine peat deposits. Blocked-valley lakes form where the trunk river has a much larger sediment load and catchment than the tributary stream. Similarly, when the relative difference in sediment loads is less, palustrine wetlands, rather than lakes, may be the result. In contrast, where tributaries drain a steep, well-connected catchment, they may impound much larger trunk rivers, creating lakes or wetlands upstream.
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Semi-submersible rigs: a vector transporting entire marine communities around the world
- Wanless, Ross M, Scott, Sue, Sauer, Warwick H H, Andrew, Timothy G, Glass, James P, Godfrey, Brian, Griffiths, Charles L, Yeld, Eleanor
- Authors: Wanless, Ross M , Scott, Sue , Sauer, Warwick H H , Andrew, Timothy G , Glass, James P , Godfrey, Brian , Griffiths, Charles L , Yeld, Eleanor
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126920 , vital:35935 , https://doi.10.1007/s10530-009-9666-2
- Description: A virtually intact subtropical reef community (14 phyla, 40 families and 62 non-native taxa) was associated with a rig under tow from Brazil that became stranded on the remote island of Tristan da Cunha. This exposes rigs as a significant vector spreading alien marine organisms, and includes the first records of free-swimming marine finfish populations becoming established after unintentional movement. With relatively trivial effort, a pre-tow clean would have obviated the need to salvage and dispose of the rig (undertaken largely to address concerns about invasive species), at a cost of *US$20 million. Our findings show that towing biofouled structures across biogeographic boundaries present unexcelled opportunities for invasion to a wide diversity of marine species. Better control and management of this vector is required urgently. Simultaneous, unintentional introductions of viable populations of multiple marine organisms are rare events, and we develop a basic framework for rapid assessment of invasion risks.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Wanless, Ross M , Scott, Sue , Sauer, Warwick H H , Andrew, Timothy G , Glass, James P , Godfrey, Brian , Griffiths, Charles L , Yeld, Eleanor
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126920 , vital:35935 , https://doi.10.1007/s10530-009-9666-2
- Description: A virtually intact subtropical reef community (14 phyla, 40 families and 62 non-native taxa) was associated with a rig under tow from Brazil that became stranded on the remote island of Tristan da Cunha. This exposes rigs as a significant vector spreading alien marine organisms, and includes the first records of free-swimming marine finfish populations becoming established after unintentional movement. With relatively trivial effort, a pre-tow clean would have obviated the need to salvage and dispose of the rig (undertaken largely to address concerns about invasive species), at a cost of *US$20 million. Our findings show that towing biofouled structures across biogeographic boundaries present unexcelled opportunities for invasion to a wide diversity of marine species. Better control and management of this vector is required urgently. Simultaneous, unintentional introductions of viable populations of multiple marine organisms are rare events, and we develop a basic framework for rapid assessment of invasion risks.
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Sexy sports: a reception study of the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) Olympics website coverage of women's beach volleyball at the 2008 Beijing Olympics
- Authors: Tajdin, Wafa Mohamed
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Olympics National Broadcasting Company Sports journalism Mass media and sports Volleyball for women Beach volleyball Feminism and mass media Cyberfeminism Sexism in mass media Women athletes Sports for women Sex role in mass media Women in mass media
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3486 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002941
- Description: Sexy Sports: A reception study of the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) Olympics website coverage of women’s beach volleyball at the 2008 Beijing Olympics involves an examination of the sporting media and its reportage of the female athlete. The thesis will focus on the reception of the NBC Olympics website coverage of women’s beach volleyball at the 2008 Beijing Olympics by viewing groups constituted by the researcher. The reason for this is that it would be difficult to find naturally constituted audiences for this website, but its reception is never-the-less of research interest. My hypothesis is that the nature of the images and text on the website is overdetermined by the construction of women on other popular texts such as men’s magazines etc. In focusing on the meanings obtained from the content of the website (texts and images), the study will investigate how these meanings are naturalised in specific moments of production as well as through their intertextual relationships with similar texts involved in the glamorisation of female athletes. Specifically the study explores the meanings obtained from the content of the website (texts and images) and how in turn these meanings are naturalised by the consumers of the website. The study will utilise a qualitative research design to unpack the content of the website through the use of qualitative content analysis, focus group interviews and individual in-depth interviews. The research will be informed via a theoretical framework that draws from feminist theory, sport feminism, the concept of intertextuality between media texts, ideology and Stuart Hall’s model of preferred reading. Increasingly mainstream media uses the image of a woman’s body to sell almost anything from men’s razors to margarine and in so far as the reporting of women’s sports is concerned this holds true. Through the research I intend to account for the connotative power of other texts i.e. the men’s magazines and pornography, and how this is likely to be carried through into shaping the meanings that are read off the website. Arguably the production of the NBC texts and images are overdetermined by the existence of similar texts already in transmission in the circuit of culture.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Tajdin, Wafa Mohamed
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Olympics National Broadcasting Company Sports journalism Mass media and sports Volleyball for women Beach volleyball Feminism and mass media Cyberfeminism Sexism in mass media Women athletes Sports for women Sex role in mass media Women in mass media
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3486 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002941
- Description: Sexy Sports: A reception study of the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) Olympics website coverage of women’s beach volleyball at the 2008 Beijing Olympics involves an examination of the sporting media and its reportage of the female athlete. The thesis will focus on the reception of the NBC Olympics website coverage of women’s beach volleyball at the 2008 Beijing Olympics by viewing groups constituted by the researcher. The reason for this is that it would be difficult to find naturally constituted audiences for this website, but its reception is never-the-less of research interest. My hypothesis is that the nature of the images and text on the website is overdetermined by the construction of women on other popular texts such as men’s magazines etc. In focusing on the meanings obtained from the content of the website (texts and images), the study will investigate how these meanings are naturalised in specific moments of production as well as through their intertextual relationships with similar texts involved in the glamorisation of female athletes. Specifically the study explores the meanings obtained from the content of the website (texts and images) and how in turn these meanings are naturalised by the consumers of the website. The study will utilise a qualitative research design to unpack the content of the website through the use of qualitative content analysis, focus group interviews and individual in-depth interviews. The research will be informed via a theoretical framework that draws from feminist theory, sport feminism, the concept of intertextuality between media texts, ideology and Stuart Hall’s model of preferred reading. Increasingly mainstream media uses the image of a woman’s body to sell almost anything from men’s razors to margarine and in so far as the reporting of women’s sports is concerned this holds true. Through the research I intend to account for the connotative power of other texts i.e. the men’s magazines and pornography, and how this is likely to be carried through into shaping the meanings that are read off the website. Arguably the production of the NBC texts and images are overdetermined by the existence of similar texts already in transmission in the circuit of culture.
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Shark fishing effort and catch of the ragged-tooth shark Carcharias taurus in the South African competitive shore-angling fishery
- Dicken, Matthew L, Booth, Anthony J, Smale, Malcolm J
- Authors: Dicken, Matthew L , Booth, Anthony J , Smale, Malcolm J
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126944 , vital:35937 , https://doi.10.2989/18142320609504209
- Description: In South Africa, Carcharias taurus is commonly known as the ragged-tooth shark or raggie. The species is also referred to as the sand-tiger shark in North America and as the grey-nurse shark in Australia. It is a long-lived species with an estimated longevity of up to 40 years (Goldman 2002). Female sharks reach sexual maturity at approximately 10 years (Goldman 2002), and they exhibit a biennial reproductive cycle (Branstetter and Musick 1994, Lucifora et al. 2002, G Cliff, Natal Sharks Board, unpublished data). Intra-uterine cannibalisation results in a maximum fecundity of two pups per litter after a gestation period of approximately 9–12 months (Bass et al. 1975, Gilmore et al. 1983). These life-history characteristics make this species particularly susceptible to overexploitation.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dicken, Matthew L , Booth, Anthony J , Smale, Malcolm J
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126944 , vital:35937 , https://doi.10.2989/18142320609504209
- Description: In South Africa, Carcharias taurus is commonly known as the ragged-tooth shark or raggie. The species is also referred to as the sand-tiger shark in North America and as the grey-nurse shark in Australia. It is a long-lived species with an estimated longevity of up to 40 years (Goldman 2002). Female sharks reach sexual maturity at approximately 10 years (Goldman 2002), and they exhibit a biennial reproductive cycle (Branstetter and Musick 1994, Lucifora et al. 2002, G Cliff, Natal Sharks Board, unpublished data). Intra-uterine cannibalisation results in a maximum fecundity of two pups per litter after a gestation period of approximately 9–12 months (Bass et al. 1975, Gilmore et al. 1983). These life-history characteristics make this species particularly susceptible to overexploitation.
- Full Text:
Shifting between Bodies and Words: Writing and performing the butoh dance, Amanogawa
- Authors: Gordon, Gary E
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/468617 , vital:77097 , https://doi.org/10.1080/10137548.2010.9687919
- Description:
- Full Text:
- Authors: Gordon, Gary E
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/468617 , vital:77097 , https://doi.org/10.1080/10137548.2010.9687919
- Description:
- Full Text:
Simultaneous determination of irinotecan hydrochloride and its related compounds by high performance liquid chromatography using ultraviolet detection
- Mohammadi, Ali, Esmaeili, Farnaz, Dinarvand, Rassoul, Atyabi, Fatemeh, Walker, Roderick B
- Authors: Mohammadi, Ali , Esmaeili, Farnaz , Dinarvand, Rassoul , Atyabi, Fatemeh , Walker, Roderick B
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6413 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006508
- Description: A new simple, precise and accurate high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of irinotecan (CPT-11) and two related compounds viz., 7-ethyl-10 hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) and camptothecin (CPT) in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Chromatography was accomplished using a reversed-phase C18 column and ultraviolet (UV)detection and an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 3 % v/v triethylammonium acetate buffer (pH 3) and acetonitrile (70:30 v/v). The linear range of quantitation for all the compounds was 0.1-10 μg/mL. The limit of quantitation for all the compounds ranged between 0.01-0.05 μg/mL. The method has the requisite accuracy, selectivity, sensitivity and precision to assay of CPT-11 and related compounds in pharmaceutical dosage forms and bulk API.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mohammadi, Ali , Esmaeili, Farnaz , Dinarvand, Rassoul , Atyabi, Fatemeh , Walker, Roderick B
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6413 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006508
- Description: A new simple, precise and accurate high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of irinotecan (CPT-11) and two related compounds viz., 7-ethyl-10 hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) and camptothecin (CPT) in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Chromatography was accomplished using a reversed-phase C18 column and ultraviolet (UV)detection and an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 3 % v/v triethylammonium acetate buffer (pH 3) and acetonitrile (70:30 v/v). The linear range of quantitation for all the compounds was 0.1-10 μg/mL. The limit of quantitation for all the compounds ranged between 0.01-0.05 μg/mL. The method has the requisite accuracy, selectivity, sensitivity and precision to assay of CPT-11 and related compounds in pharmaceutical dosage forms and bulk API.
- Full Text:
Site of struggle: the Freedom Park fracas and the divisive legacy of South Africa’s Border War/Liberation Struggle
- Authors: Baines, Gary F
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126954 , vital:35938 , https://doi.10.1080/02533950903076428
- Description: In South Africa, Carcharias taurus is commonly known as the ragged-tooth shark or raggie. The species is also referred to as the sand-tiger shark in North America and as the grey-nurse shark in Australia. It is a long-lived species with an estimated longevity of up to 40 years (Goldman 2002). Female sharks reach sexual maturity at approximately 10 years (Goldman 2002), and they exhibit a biennial reproductive cycle (Branstetter and Musick 1994, Lucifora et al. 2002, G Cliff, Natal Sharks Board, unpublished data). Intra-uterine cannibalisation results in a maximum fecundity of two pups per litter after a gestation period of approximately 9–12 months (Bass et al. 1975, Gilmore et al. 1983). These life-history characteristics make this species particularly susceptible to overexploitation.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Baines, Gary F
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126954 , vital:35938 , https://doi.10.1080/02533950903076428
- Description: In South Africa, Carcharias taurus is commonly known as the ragged-tooth shark or raggie. The species is also referred to as the sand-tiger shark in North America and as the grey-nurse shark in Australia. It is a long-lived species with an estimated longevity of up to 40 years (Goldman 2002). Female sharks reach sexual maturity at approximately 10 years (Goldman 2002), and they exhibit a biennial reproductive cycle (Branstetter and Musick 1994, Lucifora et al. 2002, G Cliff, Natal Sharks Board, unpublished data). Intra-uterine cannibalisation results in a maximum fecundity of two pups per litter after a gestation period of approximately 9–12 months (Bass et al. 1975, Gilmore et al. 1983). These life-history characteristics make this species particularly susceptible to overexploitation.
- Full Text:
Social learning processes and nature-culture relations of commercial beekeeping practices as small and medium enterprise development in Zimbabwe
- Authors: Masara, Christopher
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/386545 , vital:68150 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/122860"
- Description: This paper explores social learning processes and nature-culture relations in a context of transition from traditional to commercial beekeeping in Zimbabwe. The contours of social learning provided by Wals (2007) are used to probe the learning processes in the social interactions shaping an emerging community of commercial beekeepers and their small and medium enterprise development practices. The paper illustrates how the practice of engaging communities in participatory expansive learning research could benefit from more refined tools for understanding the open-ended contours of social learning interactions in relation to nature-culture relations.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Masara, Christopher
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/386545 , vital:68150 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/122860"
- Description: This paper explores social learning processes and nature-culture relations in a context of transition from traditional to commercial beekeeping in Zimbabwe. The contours of social learning provided by Wals (2007) are used to probe the learning processes in the social interactions shaping an emerging community of commercial beekeepers and their small and medium enterprise development practices. The paper illustrates how the practice of engaging communities in participatory expansive learning research could benefit from more refined tools for understanding the open-ended contours of social learning interactions in relation to nature-culture relations.
- Full Text:
Social relationships and identity online and offline: a study of the interplay between offline social relationships and facebook usage by Rhodes University students from socially disadvantaged backgrounds
- Authors: Chatora, Arther Tichaona
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Facebook (Electronic resource) Online social networks Information technology -- Social aspects Identity (Psychology) and mass media Rhodes University -- Students -- Social life and customs Rhodes University -- Students -- Social networks Rhodes University -- Students -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3421 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002874
- Description: Based on in-depth focus group and individual interviews, this thesis examines how Rhodes University students from socially disadvantaged backgrounds experience campus social life and how they subsequently use Facebook to perform, represent and negotiate their social identities. The study discusses utopian and dystopian positions and interrogates these theoretical perspectives in relation to the students‟ Facebook usage. The popularity and uptake of Facebook by students from disadvantaged backgrounds, such as those here at Rhodes University, is a growing phenomenon, provoking questions about the relationship between social experiences, social identity and social networks. Rhodes University‟s social space has been identified by previous studies as modern, liberal, “elite” and divided along race and class lines. The ways in which students experience this campus social space relates to their subject positions and identities. The study employs different perspectives of identity construction to interrogate the students‟ subject experiences in home and school contexts before coming to Rhodes University. The students‟ subjective positions are primarily embedded in tradition and their subject positions are sometimes in tension or come in conflict with the modern and liberal elements permitted by the Rhodes University context. The students also experience and adopt modern and liberal elements in their lifestyles which are permitted within the Rhodes University social space. The thesis found that Facebook offers a platform which facilitates a social connectivity that influences how students perform their identities in relation to their offline social identities and lived social experiences. This study concludes that the mediated symbolic materials for the construction and negotiation of identity provided by Facebook are sometimes in tension with the demands of traditional subjectivities experienced by these students at Rhodes University. Facebook allows the students to reinforce and affirm the validity of their traditional identities in this modern and liberal space. However, it also emerged that Facebook facilitates and allows students who experience and incorporate the modern and liberal elements permitted at Rhodes University to represent and negotiate their subjective positions online. The findings of the study indicate that participants primarily communicate with their friends, families, relatives and acquaintances - people they know personally offline, in line with the theoretical position which argues that online relationships are primarily shaped by offline relationships.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Chatora, Arther Tichaona
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Facebook (Electronic resource) Online social networks Information technology -- Social aspects Identity (Psychology) and mass media Rhodes University -- Students -- Social life and customs Rhodes University -- Students -- Social networks Rhodes University -- Students -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3421 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002874
- Description: Based on in-depth focus group and individual interviews, this thesis examines how Rhodes University students from socially disadvantaged backgrounds experience campus social life and how they subsequently use Facebook to perform, represent and negotiate their social identities. The study discusses utopian and dystopian positions and interrogates these theoretical perspectives in relation to the students‟ Facebook usage. The popularity and uptake of Facebook by students from disadvantaged backgrounds, such as those here at Rhodes University, is a growing phenomenon, provoking questions about the relationship between social experiences, social identity and social networks. Rhodes University‟s social space has been identified by previous studies as modern, liberal, “elite” and divided along race and class lines. The ways in which students experience this campus social space relates to their subject positions and identities. The study employs different perspectives of identity construction to interrogate the students‟ subject experiences in home and school contexts before coming to Rhodes University. The students‟ subjective positions are primarily embedded in tradition and their subject positions are sometimes in tension or come in conflict with the modern and liberal elements permitted by the Rhodes University context. The students also experience and adopt modern and liberal elements in their lifestyles which are permitted within the Rhodes University social space. The thesis found that Facebook offers a platform which facilitates a social connectivity that influences how students perform their identities in relation to their offline social identities and lived social experiences. This study concludes that the mediated symbolic materials for the construction and negotiation of identity provided by Facebook are sometimes in tension with the demands of traditional subjectivities experienced by these students at Rhodes University. Facebook allows the students to reinforce and affirm the validity of their traditional identities in this modern and liberal space. However, it also emerged that Facebook facilitates and allows students who experience and incorporate the modern and liberal elements permitted at Rhodes University to represent and negotiate their subjective positions online. The findings of the study indicate that participants primarily communicate with their friends, families, relatives and acquaintances - people they know personally offline, in line with the theoretical position which argues that online relationships are primarily shaped by offline relationships.
- Full Text:
Spatial and seasonal distribution patterns of the ragged-tooth shark Carcharias taurus along the coast of South Africa
- Dicken, Matthew L, Booth, Anthony J, Smale, Malcolm J
- Authors: Dicken, Matthew L , Booth, Anthony J , Smale, Malcolm J
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127008 , vital:35943 , https://doi.10.2989/18142320609504210
- Description: Off South Africa, the ragged-tooth shark Carcharias Taurus has been occasionally reported from the West Coast, but it is more commonly found along the East and South coasts from Cape Town to northern KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) (Bass et al. 1975, Smale 2002). Mating is thought to occur off the south coast of KZN from October to late November (G Cliff, Natal Sharks Board, unpublished data). Pregnant females then move northward to spend the early part of their gestation in the warmer waters of northern KZN and possibly southern Moçambique. During July and August, the near-term pregnant females begin to move southwards towards the cooler waters of the Eastern Cape (Wallett 1973, Bass et al. 1975, G Cliff, unpublished data), where they give birth from September to November (Smale 2002). After parturition, many of the females migrate back to KZN. The whereabouts of mature males outside of the mating season is unclear. These broadscale distribution and migratory habits for C. taurus have been inferred from limited catch records obtained for only parts of its range along the South African coast.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dicken, Matthew L , Booth, Anthony J , Smale, Malcolm J
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127008 , vital:35943 , https://doi.10.2989/18142320609504210
- Description: Off South Africa, the ragged-tooth shark Carcharias Taurus has been occasionally reported from the West Coast, but it is more commonly found along the East and South coasts from Cape Town to northern KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) (Bass et al. 1975, Smale 2002). Mating is thought to occur off the south coast of KZN from October to late November (G Cliff, Natal Sharks Board, unpublished data). Pregnant females then move northward to spend the early part of their gestation in the warmer waters of northern KZN and possibly southern Moçambique. During July and August, the near-term pregnant females begin to move southwards towards the cooler waters of the Eastern Cape (Wallett 1973, Bass et al. 1975, G Cliff, unpublished data), where they give birth from September to November (Smale 2002). After parturition, many of the females migrate back to KZN. The whereabouts of mature males outside of the mating season is unclear. These broadscale distribution and migratory habits for C. taurus have been inferred from limited catch records obtained for only parts of its range along the South African coast.
- Full Text:
Spatial and temporal patterns in the hyperbenthic community structure in a permanently open Eastern Cape estuary, South Africa
- Authors: Heyns, Elodie R
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Sundays Estuary -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Groundfishes -- South Africa -- Eatern Cape , Estuaries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5768 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005456
- Description: The spatial and temporal (seasonal and diel) patterns in the hyperbenthic community structure (>500 μm) was investigated in the warm temperate, permanently open Kariega Estuary situated along the south-eastern coastline of South Africa. Spatial and seasonal patterns in the hyperbenthic community structure were assessed monthly at six stations along the length of the estuary over a period of twelve months. Data were collected using a modified hyperbenthic sledge, comprising two super-imposed nets. Physico-chemical data indicate the presence of a constant reverse salinity gradient, with highest salinities measured in the upper reaches and lowest at the mouth of the estuary. Strong seasonal patterns in temperature, dissolved oxygen and total chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentrations were evident. Total average hyperbenthic densities ranged between 0.04 and 166 ind.m-3 in the lower net and between 0.12 and 225 ind.m-3 in the upper net. Hyperbenthic biomass values ranged between 0.02 and 11.9 mg.dry weight.m-3 in the lower net and between 0.02 and 17.4 mg.dry weight.m-3 in the upper net. A spatial and temporal pattern in total densities was detected with an increase in abundance over the period of September to October 2008 particularly in the middle reaches (Stations 3 and 4). Both the lower and upper nets were numerically dominated by decapods (mainly brachyuran crab zoeae) with the exception of June and July 2008 when mysids (mainly Mesopodopsis wooldridgei) dominated, making up 72.4 ± 58.14% of the total abundance in the lower net. A redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that 99.2% of the variance in the hyperbenthic community structure could be explained by the first two canonical axes. Axis one, which accounted for 96.8% of the total variation detected in the ordination plot was highly correlated with sedimentary organic content and to a lesser extent the chl-a concentration within the Kariega Estuary. The correlations with the second canonical axis (2.4%) were less obvious, however, salinity and seston concentration were weakly correlated with this axis. Diel variability in the hyperbenthic community structure was assessed during March 2009. Samples were collected during the day and night (n = 6 for each period) using sampling gear described above. Total average hyperbenthic densities during the day (497.9 ± 254.1 ind.m-3) were significantly higher than night-time estimates (129.9 ± 38.5 ind.m-3; p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the average dayand night-time estimates of hyperbenthic biomass (p>0.05). A hierarchical cluster analysis identified two significantly distinct groupings, designated the day and night samples. Results from the SIMPER procedure indicated that the high densities of crab zoeae recorded during the day-time accounted for the majority of the dissimilarity between the day and night groupings (44.7%). In addition, it is apparent that several benthic species, especially from the cumacean and isopod orders, were absent from the hyperbenthos during the day-time and emerged into the water column at night.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Heyns, Elodie R
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Sundays Estuary -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Groundfishes -- South Africa -- Eatern Cape , Estuaries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5768 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005456
- Description: The spatial and temporal (seasonal and diel) patterns in the hyperbenthic community structure (>500 μm) was investigated in the warm temperate, permanently open Kariega Estuary situated along the south-eastern coastline of South Africa. Spatial and seasonal patterns in the hyperbenthic community structure were assessed monthly at six stations along the length of the estuary over a period of twelve months. Data were collected using a modified hyperbenthic sledge, comprising two super-imposed nets. Physico-chemical data indicate the presence of a constant reverse salinity gradient, with highest salinities measured in the upper reaches and lowest at the mouth of the estuary. Strong seasonal patterns in temperature, dissolved oxygen and total chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentrations were evident. Total average hyperbenthic densities ranged between 0.04 and 166 ind.m-3 in the lower net and between 0.12 and 225 ind.m-3 in the upper net. Hyperbenthic biomass values ranged between 0.02 and 11.9 mg.dry weight.m-3 in the lower net and between 0.02 and 17.4 mg.dry weight.m-3 in the upper net. A spatial and temporal pattern in total densities was detected with an increase in abundance over the period of September to October 2008 particularly in the middle reaches (Stations 3 and 4). Both the lower and upper nets were numerically dominated by decapods (mainly brachyuran crab zoeae) with the exception of June and July 2008 when mysids (mainly Mesopodopsis wooldridgei) dominated, making up 72.4 ± 58.14% of the total abundance in the lower net. A redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that 99.2% of the variance in the hyperbenthic community structure could be explained by the first two canonical axes. Axis one, which accounted for 96.8% of the total variation detected in the ordination plot was highly correlated with sedimentary organic content and to a lesser extent the chl-a concentration within the Kariega Estuary. The correlations with the second canonical axis (2.4%) were less obvious, however, salinity and seston concentration were weakly correlated with this axis. Diel variability in the hyperbenthic community structure was assessed during March 2009. Samples were collected during the day and night (n = 6 for each period) using sampling gear described above. Total average hyperbenthic densities during the day (497.9 ± 254.1 ind.m-3) were significantly higher than night-time estimates (129.9 ± 38.5 ind.m-3; p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the average dayand night-time estimates of hyperbenthic biomass (p>0.05). A hierarchical cluster analysis identified two significantly distinct groupings, designated the day and night samples. Results from the SIMPER procedure indicated that the high densities of crab zoeae recorded during the day-time accounted for the majority of the dissimilarity between the day and night groupings (44.7%). In addition, it is apparent that several benthic species, especially from the cumacean and isopod orders, were absent from the hyperbenthos during the day-time and emerged into the water column at night.
- Full Text:
Spatial description of hake-directed fishing activity off the west coast of South Africa
- Fairweather, T P, Booth, Anthony J, Sauer, Warwick H H, Leslie, Rob W
- Authors: Fairweather, T P , Booth, Anthony J , Sauer, Warwick H H , Leslie, Rob W
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127031 , vital:35945 , https://doi.10.2989/18142320609504129
- Description: Historically, the two species of Cape hakes Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus off South Africa were commercially exploited exclusively by demersal trawling. In 1994, hake-directed demersal longline was introduced on an experimental basis, and in 1998 was initiated as a commercial fishing sector. The effect of a combined fleet composed of both trawlers and longliners on the Cape hake resource is not fully understood. Analysis of fishing intensity and catch-rate data revealed that the highest catch rates were found around the 400m and 500m isobaths for the trawl and longline fisheries respectively. Catch rates from both fishing sectors were also noted to be higher over sediments with a sand component. Differences between areas of the highest fishing intensity and highest catch rates were noted. In addition to other factors, it is suggested that a ‘friction of distance’ effect applies — vessels will trade-off higher catch rates with the increased costs associated with fishing in deeper waters.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Fairweather, T P , Booth, Anthony J , Sauer, Warwick H H , Leslie, Rob W
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127031 , vital:35945 , https://doi.10.2989/18142320609504129
- Description: Historically, the two species of Cape hakes Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus off South Africa were commercially exploited exclusively by demersal trawling. In 1994, hake-directed demersal longline was introduced on an experimental basis, and in 1998 was initiated as a commercial fishing sector. The effect of a combined fleet composed of both trawlers and longliners on the Cape hake resource is not fully understood. Analysis of fishing intensity and catch-rate data revealed that the highest catch rates were found around the 400m and 500m isobaths for the trawl and longline fisheries respectively. Catch rates from both fishing sectors were also noted to be higher over sediments with a sand component. Differences between areas of the highest fishing intensity and highest catch rates were noted. In addition to other factors, it is suggested that a ‘friction of distance’ effect applies — vessels will trade-off higher catch rates with the increased costs associated with fishing in deeper waters.
- Full Text:
Spatio-temporal dynamics of ichthyoplankton in the Kowie estuary, South Africa
- Authors: Kruger, Michelle
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Fishes -- Larvae -- South Africa -- Port Alfred , Estuarine fishes -- South Africa -- Port Alfred
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5319 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005164 , Fishes -- Larvae -- South Africa -- Port Alfred , Estuarine fishes -- South Africa -- Port Alfred
- Description: Ichthyoplankton dynamics in the permanently open Kowie Estuary, in the warm temperate region of South Africa was investigated. The composition, abundance, distribution and seasonality of larval fishes were studied over a two year period between 2004 and 2006. Additionally, tidal exchange of ichthyoplankton and the use of frontal zones in the mouth region of the estuary were also explored between 2008 and 2009. Temporal and spatial trends in occurrence of larval fishes within the estuary and associated marina were obtained from data collected seasonally using boat-based plankton netting at 14 sampling stations along the length of the estuary. A total of 11 128 larval fishes were collected, representing 23 families and 38 taxa. Clupeidae and Gobiidae were the dominant fish families, contributing 47.0 % and 24.7 % respectively to the total catch. Estuarine resident species dominated the overall catch (91 %). A notable absence of older stage larvae and early juveniles characterised the artificial channels of the marina and estuary mouth region. This was attributed to the absence of a shallow, marginal water habitat typical of successful estuarine nursery areas. Tidal exchange of larval fishes was investigated in the Kowie Estuary using a new technique. A set of drifting light traps were set repetitively on the ebb and flood tide every second night for two consecutive 14 day periods during the peak estuarine recruitment period. A total of 553 larval fishes were caught during the study, representing nine families and 26 species. Blenniidae and Clupeidae dominated the catches. Family and species occurrence changed with tide state. Species richness (d) and diversity (H’) varied with tide and was highest on flood tides. Estuary-dependent species, such as Omobranchus woodii were more dominant on flood tides, whilst larvae of marine-spawned species, such as Sardinops sagax, were dominant on the ebb tide. Light trap catches yielded a different composition in terms of development stage / size and species, when compared to towed net studies. Towed plankton nets were again used to study the shear fronts that characterise the mouth region of the canalised Kowie Estuary. It was hypothesised that the convergence zone of the front provides feeding opportunities for ichthyoplankton. Ichthyoplankton, zooplankton and phytoplankton was collected from within and immediately outside of the convergence zone during frontal conditions. Species specific distribution trends emerged from this study. Postflexion larvae and early juvenile stages of the estuary dependent Mugilidae were only present in the foam line of the convergence zones. Some known predators of ichthyoplankton were also present in slightly higher numbers in the convergence zone (isopods) while other predators such as mysid shrimps, chaetognaths and cnidarians were more abundant out of the convergence zone. It appears that these zones may provide access to temporary food patches in the lower estuary but will be accompanied by a trade-off with increased isopod predators. The Kowie Estuary is a heavily impacted system and lack of adequate freshwater supply; artificial channelling and pollution ultimately have a negative impact of the success of this system as a nursery area. Rehabilitation of marginal areas in the lower estuary and marina is suggested as remedial action to re-establish the integrity of the nursery function this system could offer.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Kruger, Michelle
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Fishes -- Larvae -- South Africa -- Port Alfred , Estuarine fishes -- South Africa -- Port Alfred
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5319 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005164 , Fishes -- Larvae -- South Africa -- Port Alfred , Estuarine fishes -- South Africa -- Port Alfred
- Description: Ichthyoplankton dynamics in the permanently open Kowie Estuary, in the warm temperate region of South Africa was investigated. The composition, abundance, distribution and seasonality of larval fishes were studied over a two year period between 2004 and 2006. Additionally, tidal exchange of ichthyoplankton and the use of frontal zones in the mouth region of the estuary were also explored between 2008 and 2009. Temporal and spatial trends in occurrence of larval fishes within the estuary and associated marina were obtained from data collected seasonally using boat-based plankton netting at 14 sampling stations along the length of the estuary. A total of 11 128 larval fishes were collected, representing 23 families and 38 taxa. Clupeidae and Gobiidae were the dominant fish families, contributing 47.0 % and 24.7 % respectively to the total catch. Estuarine resident species dominated the overall catch (91 %). A notable absence of older stage larvae and early juveniles characterised the artificial channels of the marina and estuary mouth region. This was attributed to the absence of a shallow, marginal water habitat typical of successful estuarine nursery areas. Tidal exchange of larval fishes was investigated in the Kowie Estuary using a new technique. A set of drifting light traps were set repetitively on the ebb and flood tide every second night for two consecutive 14 day periods during the peak estuarine recruitment period. A total of 553 larval fishes were caught during the study, representing nine families and 26 species. Blenniidae and Clupeidae dominated the catches. Family and species occurrence changed with tide state. Species richness (d) and diversity (H’) varied with tide and was highest on flood tides. Estuary-dependent species, such as Omobranchus woodii were more dominant on flood tides, whilst larvae of marine-spawned species, such as Sardinops sagax, were dominant on the ebb tide. Light trap catches yielded a different composition in terms of development stage / size and species, when compared to towed net studies. Towed plankton nets were again used to study the shear fronts that characterise the mouth region of the canalised Kowie Estuary. It was hypothesised that the convergence zone of the front provides feeding opportunities for ichthyoplankton. Ichthyoplankton, zooplankton and phytoplankton was collected from within and immediately outside of the convergence zone during frontal conditions. Species specific distribution trends emerged from this study. Postflexion larvae and early juvenile stages of the estuary dependent Mugilidae were only present in the foam line of the convergence zones. Some known predators of ichthyoplankton were also present in slightly higher numbers in the convergence zone (isopods) while other predators such as mysid shrimps, chaetognaths and cnidarians were more abundant out of the convergence zone. It appears that these zones may provide access to temporary food patches in the lower estuary but will be accompanied by a trade-off with increased isopod predators. The Kowie Estuary is a heavily impacted system and lack of adequate freshwater supply; artificial channelling and pollution ultimately have a negative impact of the success of this system as a nursery area. Rehabilitation of marginal areas in the lower estuary and marina is suggested as remedial action to re-establish the integrity of the nursery function this system could offer.
- Full Text:
Spectroscopic behavior of cationic metallophthalocyanines in the presence of anionic quantum dots
- Idowu, Mopelola A I, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Idowu, Mopelola A I , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/262699 , vital:53545 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2009.10.050"
- Description: The interactions and spectroscopic properties between cationic zinc phthalocyanine derivatives (peripherally and non-peripherally tetrasubstituted and peripherally octa substituted with 2-diethylmethylaminoethylsulfanyl (βTZnPc, αTZnPc and βOZnPc)) and CdTe core quantum dots (QDs) capped with mercaptopropionic acid or thioglycolic acid (represented as CdTe@MPA and CdTe@TGA, respectively) have been studied in methanol:water mixture. Strong coupling of MPcs was deduced from the interaction since the UV–vis spectroscopic studies of the ground state complex formed on mixing both components showed loss of the phthalocyanine monomeric band with the formation of a dimeric band (spectrum of aggregated species). The dimerization constants were of the order of 104 M−1.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Idowu, Mopelola A I , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/262699 , vital:53545 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2009.10.050"
- Description: The interactions and spectroscopic properties between cationic zinc phthalocyanine derivatives (peripherally and non-peripherally tetrasubstituted and peripherally octa substituted with 2-diethylmethylaminoethylsulfanyl (βTZnPc, αTZnPc and βOZnPc)) and CdTe core quantum dots (QDs) capped with mercaptopropionic acid or thioglycolic acid (represented as CdTe@MPA and CdTe@TGA, respectively) have been studied in methanol:water mixture. Strong coupling of MPcs was deduced from the interaction since the UV–vis spectroscopic studies of the ground state complex formed on mixing both components showed loss of the phthalocyanine monomeric band with the formation of a dimeric band (spectrum of aggregated species). The dimerization constants were of the order of 104 M−1.
- Full Text:
Spectroscopic studies of nanostructures of negatively charged free base porphyrin and positively charged tin porphyrins
- George, Reama C, Egharevba, Gabriel O, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: George, Reama C , Egharevba, Gabriel O , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/261661 , vital:53432 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2010.01.028"
- Description: Spectroscopic studies were carried out on the homoaggregates of negatively charged free base meso-tetraphenylsulfonated porphyrin ([H2TPPS4]4−) and heteroaggregates of a mixture of protonated ([H4TPPS4]2−) and tin meso-tetra (N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin ([SnTMPyP]4+). The spectroscopic studies were done to determine the optimal conditions required for the fabrication of porphyrin nanorods by ionic self assembly of two oppositely charged porphyrins. In addition, the various spectral changes of [H4TPPS4]2− with concurrent change in pH and concentration are also investigated. In acid media at pH more than 3, and at concentrations less than 1 × 10−5 M, [H4TPPS4]2− molecules form J aggregates. A mixture of [H4TPPS4]2− and [SnTMPyP]4+ forms heteroaggregates of the J type in acid media. At pH’s 2 to 3, the optimum ratio for the formation of J aggregates is 3:1 and for pH 1, the optimum ratio is 2:1. Transmission electron microscope images of the nanostructures formed show that they are of cylindrical shape.
- Full Text:
- Authors: George, Reama C , Egharevba, Gabriel O , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/261661 , vital:53432 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2010.01.028"
- Description: Spectroscopic studies were carried out on the homoaggregates of negatively charged free base meso-tetraphenylsulfonated porphyrin ([H2TPPS4]4−) and heteroaggregates of a mixture of protonated ([H4TPPS4]2−) and tin meso-tetra (N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin ([SnTMPyP]4+). The spectroscopic studies were done to determine the optimal conditions required for the fabrication of porphyrin nanorods by ionic self assembly of two oppositely charged porphyrins. In addition, the various spectral changes of [H4TPPS4]2− with concurrent change in pH and concentration are also investigated. In acid media at pH more than 3, and at concentrations less than 1 × 10−5 M, [H4TPPS4]2− molecules form J aggregates. A mixture of [H4TPPS4]2− and [SnTMPyP]4+ forms heteroaggregates of the J type in acid media. At pH’s 2 to 3, the optimum ratio for the formation of J aggregates is 3:1 and for pH 1, the optimum ratio is 2:1. Transmission electron microscope images of the nanostructures formed show that they are of cylindrical shape.
- Full Text: