Photodegradation of ibuprofen using 5-10-15-20-tetrakis (4-bromophenyl) porphyrin conjugated to graphene quantum dots
- Magaela, N Bridged, Ndlovu, Knowledge S, Tshangana, Charmaine S, Muleia, Adoph A, Mamba, Bhekie B, Nyokong, Tebello, Managa, Muthumuni
- Authors: Magaela, N Bridged , Ndlovu, Knowledge S , Tshangana, Charmaine S , Muleia, Adoph A , Mamba, Bhekie B , Nyokong, Tebello , Managa, Muthumuni
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/304819 , vital:58493 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2022.113147"
- Description: Ibuprofen (IBU) is a common anti-inflammatory drug that is consumed by many individuals in the world. As such, analytical studies have detected high concentrations of the drug in many waterbodies, which poses a risk of harmful effects on the environment and public health. The hydroxyl radical technologies, a collective of techniques also known as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), can be utilized to degrade this emerging pollutant. In this study, the photodegradation of ibuprofen using 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-bromophenyl) porphyrin conjugated to graphene quantum dots was investigated using a custom-built photoreactor. Three different concentrations of IBU (200, 300 and 500 μM) were utilized as initial concentrations. The pH of the IBU was varied between acidic (pH 3.0), natural (pH 5.0) and alkaline (pH 9.0) to note the effect on IBU degradation as a function of time. The Highest ФΔ was obtained for InTBrP- GDQs (ФΔ = 0.80), followed by InTBrP (ФΔ = 0.74). The photodegradation efficiency of the TBrP-GQDs and InTBrP-GQDs were determined to be 43.2 and 76.1% respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Magaela, N Bridged , Ndlovu, Knowledge S , Tshangana, Charmaine S , Muleia, Adoph A , Mamba, Bhekie B , Nyokong, Tebello , Managa, Muthumuni
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/304819 , vital:58493 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2022.113147"
- Description: Ibuprofen (IBU) is a common anti-inflammatory drug that is consumed by many individuals in the world. As such, analytical studies have detected high concentrations of the drug in many waterbodies, which poses a risk of harmful effects on the environment and public health. The hydroxyl radical technologies, a collective of techniques also known as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), can be utilized to degrade this emerging pollutant. In this study, the photodegradation of ibuprofen using 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-bromophenyl) porphyrin conjugated to graphene quantum dots was investigated using a custom-built photoreactor. Three different concentrations of IBU (200, 300 and 500 μM) were utilized as initial concentrations. The pH of the IBU was varied between acidic (pH 3.0), natural (pH 5.0) and alkaline (pH 9.0) to note the effect on IBU degradation as a function of time. The Highest ФΔ was obtained for InTBrP- GDQs (ФΔ = 0.80), followed by InTBrP (ФΔ = 0.74). The photodegradation efficiency of the TBrP-GQDs and InTBrP-GQDs were determined to be 43.2 and 76.1% respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
Sn (IV) porphyrin-biotin decorated nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots nanohybrids for photodynamic therapy
- Magaela, N Bridged, Matshitse, Refilwe, Balaji, Babu, Managa, Muthumuni, Prinsloo, Earl, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Magaela, N Bridged , Matshitse, Refilwe , Balaji, Babu , Managa, Muthumuni , Prinsloo, Earl , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/230018 , vital:49733 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2021.115624"
- Description: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic procedure for cancer treatment. This study focuses on the synthesis, photophysicochemical properties, and PDT activity of Sn (IV) porphyrin (2), when linked to biotin decorated nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots (B-NGQDs). The porphyrin complex 2 was conjugated through an ester bond to B-NGQDs to form 2-B-NGQDs. Singlet oxygen quantum yield increased for 2 when linked to B-NGQDs to form 2-B-NQGDs. The dark toxicity and photodynamic therapy studies were conducted for 2, NGQDs and their conjugates using MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The cell viability for dark toxicity of all the compounds was above 90%, and 2-B-NGQDs showed high PDT activity at a concentration of 40 µg/mL with cell viability of 22%.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Magaela, N Bridged , Matshitse, Refilwe , Balaji, Babu , Managa, Muthumuni , Prinsloo, Earl , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/230018 , vital:49733 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2021.115624"
- Description: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic procedure for cancer treatment. This study focuses on the synthesis, photophysicochemical properties, and PDT activity of Sn (IV) porphyrin (2), when linked to biotin decorated nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots (B-NGQDs). The porphyrin complex 2 was conjugated through an ester bond to B-NGQDs to form 2-B-NGQDs. Singlet oxygen quantum yield increased for 2 when linked to B-NGQDs to form 2-B-NQGDs. The dark toxicity and photodynamic therapy studies were conducted for 2, NGQDs and their conjugates using MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The cell viability for dark toxicity of all the compounds was above 90%, and 2-B-NGQDs showed high PDT activity at a concentration of 40 µg/mL with cell viability of 22%.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
The modulation of the photophysical and photodynamic therapy activities of a phthalocyanine by detonation nanodiamonds: Comparison with graphene quantum dots and carbon nanodots
- Matshitse, Refilwe, Managa, Muthumuni, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Matshitse, Refilwe , Managa, Muthumuni , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186690 , vital:44525 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2019.107617"
- Description: A positively charged phthalocyanine (2,9,16,23-tetrakis[4-(N-methylpyridyloxy)]-phthalocyanine (ZnTPPcQ)) was non-covalently linked to carbon based nanoparticles: detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs), carbon dots (CDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) to form nanosembles of DNDs-ZnTPPcQ, GQDs-ZnTPPcQ and CDs-ZnTPPcQ, respectively. Irrespective of its small size and the least number of Pcs (41.67 μg loading per milligram of DNDs), DNDs-ZnTPPcQ gave the highest singlet oxygen quantum yield (0.62) in dimethyl sulfoxide compared to the rest of the conjugates. This resulted in superior PDT activity against MCF7 breast cancer lines, with the lowest cell viability of 28% compared to ZnTPPcQ-CDs and ZnTPPcQ-GQDs at 30.1 ± 0.02% and 31.4 ± 0.23%, respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Matshitse, Refilwe , Managa, Muthumuni , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186690 , vital:44525 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2019.107617"
- Description: A positively charged phthalocyanine (2,9,16,23-tetrakis[4-(N-methylpyridyloxy)]-phthalocyanine (ZnTPPcQ)) was non-covalently linked to carbon based nanoparticles: detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs), carbon dots (CDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) to form nanosembles of DNDs-ZnTPPcQ, GQDs-ZnTPPcQ and CDs-ZnTPPcQ, respectively. Irrespective of its small size and the least number of Pcs (41.67 μg loading per milligram of DNDs), DNDs-ZnTPPcQ gave the highest singlet oxygen quantum yield (0.62) in dimethyl sulfoxide compared to the rest of the conjugates. This resulted in superior PDT activity against MCF7 breast cancer lines, with the lowest cell viability of 28% compared to ZnTPPcQ-CDs and ZnTPPcQ-GQDs at 30.1 ± 0.02% and 31.4 ± 0.23%, respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Photophysical properties and photodynamic therapy activities of detonated nanodiamonds-BODIPY-phthalocyanines nanoassemblies
- Matshitse, Refilwe, Ngoy, Bokolombe P, Managa, Muthumuni, Mack, John, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Matshitse, Refilwe , Ngoy, Bokolombe P , Managa, Muthumuni , Mack, John , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186981 , vital:44553 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.03.007"
- Description: This work reports on the synthesis of nanoassemblies of supramolecular hybrids containing detonated nanodiamonds (DNDs) covalently linked to halogenated BODIPY (DNDs-BODIPY) by an amide bond, followed by π–π stacking of 2,9,16,23-tetrakis[4-(N-methylpyridyloxy)]-phthalocyanine (ZnTPPcQ) on the DNDs-BODIPY conjugate, to form nanoassembly represented as ZnTPPcQ-DNDs-BODIPY. ZnTPPcQ-DNDs-BODIPY has a higher singlet oxygen quantum yield of 0.50 in water. Therefore, the construction of a three component photodynamic therapy agent (ZnTPPcQ-DNDs-BODIPY) as a single photosentisiser improved singlet quantum yields of the Pc. Zeta potential studies of ZnTPPcQ-DNDs-BODIPY under various temperatures, concentrations and pH conditions, showed the conjugate is more stable at pHs 2, 4 and 7 and at high concentrations (50 μg/mL) and temperatures (80 °C). ZnTPPcQ-DNDs-BODIPY showed high photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity with a low MCF-7 cell viability of 21 ± 5% when compared to 31 ± 2%, 30 ± 2% and 28 ± 2% cell viability at the highest tested concentration of 50 μg/mL for DNDs, ZnTPPcQ-DND and DNDs-BODIPY, respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Matshitse, Refilwe , Ngoy, Bokolombe P , Managa, Muthumuni , Mack, John , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186981 , vital:44553 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.03.007"
- Description: This work reports on the synthesis of nanoassemblies of supramolecular hybrids containing detonated nanodiamonds (DNDs) covalently linked to halogenated BODIPY (DNDs-BODIPY) by an amide bond, followed by π–π stacking of 2,9,16,23-tetrakis[4-(N-methylpyridyloxy)]-phthalocyanine (ZnTPPcQ) on the DNDs-BODIPY conjugate, to form nanoassembly represented as ZnTPPcQ-DNDs-BODIPY. ZnTPPcQ-DNDs-BODIPY has a higher singlet oxygen quantum yield of 0.50 in water. Therefore, the construction of a three component photodynamic therapy agent (ZnTPPcQ-DNDs-BODIPY) as a single photosentisiser improved singlet quantum yields of the Pc. Zeta potential studies of ZnTPPcQ-DNDs-BODIPY under various temperatures, concentrations and pH conditions, showed the conjugate is more stable at pHs 2, 4 and 7 and at high concentrations (50 μg/mL) and temperatures (80 °C). ZnTPPcQ-DNDs-BODIPY showed high photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity with a low MCF-7 cell viability of 21 ± 5% when compared to 31 ± 2%, 30 ± 2% and 28 ± 2% cell viability at the highest tested concentration of 50 μg/mL for DNDs, ZnTPPcQ-DND and DNDs-BODIPY, respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The photophysical studies of Pluronic F127/P123 micelle mixture system loaded with metal free and Zn 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis [4-(benzyloxy) phenyl] porphyrins
- Managa, Muthumuni, Ngoy, Bokolombe P, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Managa, Muthumuni , Ngoy, Bokolombe P , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/188932 , vital:44799 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.02.018"
- Description: Binary mixtures of Pluronics are studied as drug nanocarriers in this work. H2 and Zn 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[4-(benzyloxy) phenyl] porphyrin were encapsulated onto binary micelle mixture of Pluronic F127/P123. The fluorescence and singlet oxygen generating behaviour of the porphyrins were investigated following incorporation. The fluorescence quantum yield for H2TBnOPP (ΦF = 0.034) was higher than that of ZnTBnOPP (ΦF = 0.023) and decreased when ZnTBnOPP or H2TBnOPP when in the presence of Pluronic F127/P123 binary mixtures. The kq values were 2.8 × 108 and 3.7 × 108 M−1 s−1, for H2TBnOPP + Pluronic F127/P123 and ZnTBnOPP + Pluronic F127/P123 in water, respectively. The binding constants (Kb) were 1.58 × 105 M−1 and 1.02 × 105 M−1 for ZnTBnOPP + Pluronic F127/P123 and H2TBnOPP + Pluronic F127/P123, respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Managa, Muthumuni , Ngoy, Bokolombe P , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/188932 , vital:44799 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.02.018"
- Description: Binary mixtures of Pluronics are studied as drug nanocarriers in this work. H2 and Zn 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[4-(benzyloxy) phenyl] porphyrin were encapsulated onto binary micelle mixture of Pluronic F127/P123. The fluorescence and singlet oxygen generating behaviour of the porphyrins were investigated following incorporation. The fluorescence quantum yield for H2TBnOPP (ΦF = 0.034) was higher than that of ZnTBnOPP (ΦF = 0.023) and decreased when ZnTBnOPP or H2TBnOPP when in the presence of Pluronic F127/P123 binary mixtures. The kq values were 2.8 × 108 and 3.7 × 108 M−1 s−1, for H2TBnOPP + Pluronic F127/P123 and ZnTBnOPP + Pluronic F127/P123 in water, respectively. The binding constants (Kb) were 1.58 × 105 M−1 and 1.02 × 105 M−1 for ZnTBnOPP + Pluronic F127/P123 and H2TBnOPP + Pluronic F127/P123, respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
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