An improved systems approach as a phytosanitary measure for Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in export citrus fruit from South Africa
- Hattingh, Vaughan, Moore, Sean D, Kirkman, Wayne, Goddard, Mat, Thackeray, Sean, Peyper, Mellissa, Sharp, Gary, Cronjé, Paul, Pringle, Ken
- Authors: Hattingh, Vaughan , Moore, Sean D , Kirkman, Wayne , Goddard, Mat , Thackeray, Sean , Peyper, Mellissa , Sharp, Gary , Cronjé, Paul , Pringle, Ken
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/423700 , vital:72086 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz336"
- Description: A systems approach was previously developed for mitigating phytosanitary risk of Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) in citrus fruit exported from South Africa, as an alternative to a standalone cold disinfestation treatment. The present study first tested the original systems approach by applying it on a semicommercial scale in 10 Nova mandarin orchards. Fruit were inspected at points in the production, packing, and simulated shipping process, to assess performance of the systems approach. Additional data were obtained from 17 Valencia orange orchards and six packinghouses. In the second part of this study, the systems approach was accordingly revised and improved, consisting of three measures: 1) preharvest controls and measurements and postpicking sampling, inspection, and packinghouse procedures; 2) postpacking sampling and inspection; and 3) shipping conditions. The model quantifying the effectiveness of the systems approach was improved by correcting errors in the original version, updating parameter values and adding a component that provides for comparison with the risk mitigation provided by a standalone disinfestation treatment. Consequently, the maximum potential proportion of fruit that may be infested with live T. leucotreta after application of the improved systems approach is no greater than the proportion of fruit that may be infested after application of a Probit 9 efficacy postharvest disinfestation treatment to fruit with a 2% pretreatment infestation. The probability of a mating pair surviving is also determined. The model enables a priori determination of the required threshold levels for any of the three measures, based on quantification of the other two measures.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Hattingh, Vaughan , Moore, Sean D , Kirkman, Wayne , Goddard, Mat , Thackeray, Sean , Peyper, Mellissa , Sharp, Gary , Cronjé, Paul , Pringle, Ken
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/423700 , vital:72086 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz336"
- Description: A systems approach was previously developed for mitigating phytosanitary risk of Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) in citrus fruit exported from South Africa, as an alternative to a standalone cold disinfestation treatment. The present study first tested the original systems approach by applying it on a semicommercial scale in 10 Nova mandarin orchards. Fruit were inspected at points in the production, packing, and simulated shipping process, to assess performance of the systems approach. Additional data were obtained from 17 Valencia orange orchards and six packinghouses. In the second part of this study, the systems approach was accordingly revised and improved, consisting of three measures: 1) preharvest controls and measurements and postpicking sampling, inspection, and packinghouse procedures; 2) postpacking sampling and inspection; and 3) shipping conditions. The model quantifying the effectiveness of the systems approach was improved by correcting errors in the original version, updating parameter values and adding a component that provides for comparison with the risk mitigation provided by a standalone disinfestation treatment. Consequently, the maximum potential proportion of fruit that may be infested with live T. leucotreta after application of the improved systems approach is no greater than the proportion of fruit that may be infested after application of a Probit 9 efficacy postharvest disinfestation treatment to fruit with a 2% pretreatment infestation. The probability of a mating pair surviving is also determined. The model enables a priori determination of the required threshold levels for any of the three measures, based on quantification of the other two measures.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Biological control potential of ectomycorrhizal fungi against Fusarium circinatum on Pinus patula seedlings
- Chartier FitzGerald, Veronique, Dames, Joanna F, Hawley, Grant L
- Authors: Chartier FitzGerald, Veronique , Dames, Joanna F , Hawley, Grant L
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/425960 , vital:72302 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2020.1771542"
- Description: The South Africa forestry industry, covering ∼1.3 million hectares, is dependent on exotic pine and Eucalyptus species. Nursery seedlings are not inoculated with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi or other beneficial microbes. Fusarium circinatum is an economically important pathogen affecting seedling survival. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effects of ectomycorrhizal fungal inoculation on Pinus patula seedling growth and resistance to the fungal pathogen F. circinatum. Explants from ECM basidiocarps, collected from Pinus stands, were plated onto MMN medium to obtain isolates that were then verified via DNA extraction and PCR amplification and sequencing of the ITS rDNA region. These isolates were identified as Boletus edulis f. reticulatus, Lactarius quieticolor, Suillus granulatus and an unknown Suillus species. P. patula growth in the presence of the pathogen F. circinatum was significantly increased and promoted by the L. quieticolor and Suillus isolates. Preventative inoculation of seedlings in the nursery using these isolates would ensure the production of stronger, healthier plants that would be more resistant to F. circinatum infection, increasing survival in the plantation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Chartier FitzGerald, Veronique , Dames, Joanna F , Hawley, Grant L
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/425960 , vital:72302 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2020.1771542"
- Description: The South Africa forestry industry, covering ∼1.3 million hectares, is dependent on exotic pine and Eucalyptus species. Nursery seedlings are not inoculated with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi or other beneficial microbes. Fusarium circinatum is an economically important pathogen affecting seedling survival. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effects of ectomycorrhizal fungal inoculation on Pinus patula seedling growth and resistance to the fungal pathogen F. circinatum. Explants from ECM basidiocarps, collected from Pinus stands, were plated onto MMN medium to obtain isolates that were then verified via DNA extraction and PCR amplification and sequencing of the ITS rDNA region. These isolates were identified as Boletus edulis f. reticulatus, Lactarius quieticolor, Suillus granulatus and an unknown Suillus species. P. patula growth in the presence of the pathogen F. circinatum was significantly increased and promoted by the L. quieticolor and Suillus isolates. Preventative inoculation of seedlings in the nursery using these isolates would ensure the production of stronger, healthier plants that would be more resistant to F. circinatum infection, increasing survival in the plantation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Conserved bacterial genomes from two geographically isolated peritidal stromatolite formations shed light on potential functional guilds
- Waterworth, Samantha C, Isemonger, Eric W, Rees, Evan R, Dorrington, Rosemary A
- Authors: Waterworth, Samantha C , Isemonger, Eric W , Rees, Evan R , Dorrington, Rosemary A
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429411 , vital:72608 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12916"
- Description: Stromatolites are complex microbial mats that form lithified layers. Fossilized stromatolites are the oldest evidence of cellular life on Earth, dating back over3.4 billion years. Modern stromatolites are relatively rare but may provide clues about the function and evolution of their ancient counterparts. In this study, we focus on peritidal stromatolites occurring at Cape Recife and Schoenmakerskop on the southeastern South African coastline, the former being morphologically and structurally similar to fossilized phosphatic stromatolites formations. Using assembled shotgun metagenomic analysis, we obtained 183 genomic bins, of which the most dominant taxa were from the Cyanobacteria phylum. We identified functional gene sets in genomic bins conserved across two geographically isolated stromatolite formations, which included relatively high copy numbers of genes involved in the reduction of nitrates and phosphatic compounds. Additionally, we found little evidence of Archaeal species in these stromatolites, suggesting that they may not play an important role in peritidal stromatolite formations, as proposed for hypersaline formations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Waterworth, Samantha C , Isemonger, Eric W , Rees, Evan R , Dorrington, Rosemary A
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429411 , vital:72608 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12916"
- Description: Stromatolites are complex microbial mats that form lithified layers. Fossilized stromatolites are the oldest evidence of cellular life on Earth, dating back over3.4 billion years. Modern stromatolites are relatively rare but may provide clues about the function and evolution of their ancient counterparts. In this study, we focus on peritidal stromatolites occurring at Cape Recife and Schoenmakerskop on the southeastern South African coastline, the former being morphologically and structurally similar to fossilized phosphatic stromatolites formations. Using assembled shotgun metagenomic analysis, we obtained 183 genomic bins, of which the most dominant taxa were from the Cyanobacteria phylum. We identified functional gene sets in genomic bins conserved across two geographically isolated stromatolite formations, which included relatively high copy numbers of genes involved in the reduction of nitrates and phosphatic compounds. Additionally, we found little evidence of Archaeal species in these stromatolites, suggesting that they may not play an important role in peritidal stromatolite formations, as proposed for hypersaline formations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Direct nonlinear optical absorption measurements of asymmetrical zinc (II) phthalocyanine when covalently linked to semiconductor quantum dots
- Mgidlana, Sithi, Sen, Pinar, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Mgidlana, Sithi , Sen, Pinar , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186056 , vital:44459 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128729"
- Description: We report on nonlinear optical properties of tris[(4-tert-butyl)-2-thio (phenyl)acetic acid (1) and tris(dimethyl-5-(3,4-phenoxy) isophthalate (2) phthalocyaninato zinc (II) complexes. The synthesized complexes were covalently conjugated to glutathione-capped CdTe/ZnSe/ZnO quantum dots. We observed an increase in triplet quantum yield with corresponding decrease in fluorescence quantum yield of conjugates compared to Pc complexes alone. Z-scan technique was employed to experimentally test the nonlinear optical response of complexes and nanoconjugates in solution at laser excitation wavelength of 532 nm with 7 ns pulse. Nonlinear absorption coefficient, third-order optical susceptibility and optical limiting threshold of the materials were obtained from the Z-scan data. The nonlinear absorption parameters improved in the presence of CdTe/ZnSe/ZnO, with 1 and 1-CdTe/ZnSe/ZnO, giving the best results due to the presence of electron donating substituents.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Mgidlana, Sithi , Sen, Pinar , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186056 , vital:44459 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128729"
- Description: We report on nonlinear optical properties of tris[(4-tert-butyl)-2-thio (phenyl)acetic acid (1) and tris(dimethyl-5-(3,4-phenoxy) isophthalate (2) phthalocyaninato zinc (II) complexes. The synthesized complexes were covalently conjugated to glutathione-capped CdTe/ZnSe/ZnO quantum dots. We observed an increase in triplet quantum yield with corresponding decrease in fluorescence quantum yield of conjugates compared to Pc complexes alone. Z-scan technique was employed to experimentally test the nonlinear optical response of complexes and nanoconjugates in solution at laser excitation wavelength of 532 nm with 7 ns pulse. Nonlinear absorption coefficient, third-order optical susceptibility and optical limiting threshold of the materials were obtained from the Z-scan data. The nonlinear absorption parameters improved in the presence of CdTe/ZnSe/ZnO, with 1 and 1-CdTe/ZnSe/ZnO, giving the best results due to the presence of electron donating substituents.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Enhancement of photodynamic antimicrobialtherapy through the use of cationic indium porphyrin conjugated to Ag/CuFe2O4 nanoparticles
- Makola, Collen L, Managa, Muthumuni, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Makola, Collen L , Managa, Muthumuni , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186233 , vital:44475 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101736"
- Description: Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) is being actively researched as a possible alternative for antimicrobial agents. This study focuses on the application of neutral indium 5-p-carboxyphenyl-10-15-20-(tri-4-pyridyl)porphyrin and cationic indium 5-p-carboxyphenyl-10-15-20-(tris-4-methylpyridyl)-porphyrin triiodide conjugated to 6-mercapo-1-hexanol functionalized Ag/CuFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles for photo-inactivation of S. aureus bacteria. Comparative studies were done on quaternized and unquaternized indium porphyrin complexes conjugated to Ag/CuFe2O4, where log reduction of 9.27 was obtained for quaternized conjugate and 0.83 for unquaternized conjugate.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Makola, Collen L , Managa, Muthumuni , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186233 , vital:44475 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101736"
- Description: Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) is being actively researched as a possible alternative for antimicrobial agents. This study focuses on the application of neutral indium 5-p-carboxyphenyl-10-15-20-(tri-4-pyridyl)porphyrin and cationic indium 5-p-carboxyphenyl-10-15-20-(tris-4-methylpyridyl)-porphyrin triiodide conjugated to 6-mercapo-1-hexanol functionalized Ag/CuFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles for photo-inactivation of S. aureus bacteria. Comparative studies were done on quaternized and unquaternized indium porphyrin complexes conjugated to Ag/CuFe2O4, where log reduction of 9.27 was obtained for quaternized conjugate and 0.83 for unquaternized conjugate.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Fabrication of electrospun fibers from a porphyrin linked to polyacrylonitrile polymer for photocatalytic transformation of phenols
- Jones, Ben, Mafukidze, Donovan M, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Jones, Ben , Mafukidze, Donovan M , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186196 , vital:44472 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128191"
- Description: A novel mono-porphyrin (2) was employed for the photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol and 4-n-nonylphenol at pH 10.60. A partially modified polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymer was utilized only as a support system for the photosensitiser to allow the formation of a covalent linkage. Complex 2 showed singlet oxygen values of 0.70 in dimethyl formamide and when conjugated (2-PAN) showed 0.39 in water. When employed against 4-chlorophenol a degradation efficiency (η) of 29.1% was achieved at 0.20 mol L−1 over a period of 10 min. When employed against 4-n-nonylphenol we obtained a η of 26.7% at 0.17 mol L−1 over a period of 10 min.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Jones, Ben , Mafukidze, Donovan M , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186196 , vital:44472 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128191"
- Description: A novel mono-porphyrin (2) was employed for the photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol and 4-n-nonylphenol at pH 10.60. A partially modified polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymer was utilized only as a support system for the photosensitiser to allow the formation of a covalent linkage. Complex 2 showed singlet oxygen values of 0.70 in dimethyl formamide and when conjugated (2-PAN) showed 0.39 in water. When employed against 4-chlorophenol a degradation efficiency (η) of 29.1% was achieved at 0.20 mol L−1 over a period of 10 min. When employed against 4-n-nonylphenol we obtained a η of 26.7% at 0.17 mol L−1 over a period of 10 min.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Perceived benefits of nature-based experiences as mediators of connectedness with nature: The case of Mystic Mountain
- Ward-Smith, Chesney, Naidoo, Tony, Olvitt, Lausanne L, Olvitt, Lausanne, Akhurst, Jacqueline
- Authors: Ward-Smith, Chesney , Naidoo, Tony , Olvitt, Lausanne L , Olvitt, Lausanne , Akhurst, Jacqueline
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/372782 , vital:66622 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463209470"
- Description: Perceived nature disconnection lies at the heart of the world’s socio-ecological crisis. Finding ways to reconnect with nature is fundamental towards reducing the adverse psychological–social– ecological consequences of this disconnection. Understanding the psychological and social benefits of nature-based experiences is important towards actualising reconnection. This article discusses such benefits for child and adult participants from the Eastern Cape, South Africa. This work stems from Ecopsychology research with an outdoor education centre, Mystic Mountain. The experiences of two groups of children (n=25, aged 10–14years) and adult instructors (n=12, aged 18–50years) were explored using interpretive case-study methodology. Through semi-structured interviews and focus groups, participant observation, and reflexive journaling, data were collected and analysed thematically. This article centralises participants’ perceived psychological and social benefits of nature-based experiences as mediators of deeper self and nature connectedness. Integrating these benefits into nature-based pedagogy-design processes could contribute towards more effective enhancements of nature connectedness, and in turn, foster Earth’s larger flourishment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Ward-Smith, Chesney , Naidoo, Tony , Olvitt, Lausanne L , Olvitt, Lausanne , Akhurst, Jacqueline
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/372782 , vital:66622 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463209470"
- Description: Perceived nature disconnection lies at the heart of the world’s socio-ecological crisis. Finding ways to reconnect with nature is fundamental towards reducing the adverse psychological–social– ecological consequences of this disconnection. Understanding the psychological and social benefits of nature-based experiences is important towards actualising reconnection. This article discusses such benefits for child and adult participants from the Eastern Cape, South Africa. This work stems from Ecopsychology research with an outdoor education centre, Mystic Mountain. The experiences of two groups of children (n=25, aged 10–14years) and adult instructors (n=12, aged 18–50years) were explored using interpretive case-study methodology. Through semi-structured interviews and focus groups, participant observation, and reflexive journaling, data were collected and analysed thematically. This article centralises participants’ perceived psychological and social benefits of nature-based experiences as mediators of deeper self and nature connectedness. Integrating these benefits into nature-based pedagogy-design processes could contribute towards more effective enhancements of nature connectedness, and in turn, foster Earth’s larger flourishment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Photodynamic activity of 2, 6-diiodo-3, 5-dithienylvinyleneBODIPYs and their folate-functionalized chitosan-coated Pluronic® F-127 micelles on MCF-7 breast cancer cells
- Molupe, Nthabeleng, Babu, Balaji, Oluwole, David O, Prinsloo, Earl, Gai, Lizhi, Shen, Zhen, Mack, John, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Molupe, Nthabeleng , Babu, Balaji , Oluwole, David O , Prinsloo, Earl , Gai, Lizhi , Shen, Zhen , Mack, John , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186222 , vital:44474 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S1088424619501773"
- Description: A 2,6-diiodo-3,5-dithienylvinyleneBODIPY dye was prepared and encapsulated with folate-chitosan capped Pluronic®® F-127 to provide drug delivery systems for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Moderately enhanced singlet oxygen quantum yields were observed for the dye encapsulation complexes in water. The in vitro dark cytotoxicity and photodynamic activity were investigated on the human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line. Minimal dark cytotoxicity was observed for the BODIPY dyes in 5% DMSO and when encapsulated in folate-functionalized chitosan-coated Pluronic®® F-127 micelles, since the cell viability values are consistently greater than 80% over the 0-40 μg⋅mL−1μg⋅mL−1 concentration range. Upon irradiation of the samples, significant cytocidal activity was observed for the encapsulation complex of a 2,6-diiodo-8-dimethylaminophenyl-3,5-dithienylvinyleneBODIPY dye with less than 50% viable cells observed at concentrations ≥20μg⋅mL−1≥20μg⋅mL−1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Molupe, Nthabeleng , Babu, Balaji , Oluwole, David O , Prinsloo, Earl , Gai, Lizhi , Shen, Zhen , Mack, John , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186222 , vital:44474 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S1088424619501773"
- Description: A 2,6-diiodo-3,5-dithienylvinyleneBODIPY dye was prepared and encapsulated with folate-chitosan capped Pluronic®® F-127 to provide drug delivery systems for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Moderately enhanced singlet oxygen quantum yields were observed for the dye encapsulation complexes in water. The in vitro dark cytotoxicity and photodynamic activity were investigated on the human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line. Minimal dark cytotoxicity was observed for the BODIPY dyes in 5% DMSO and when encapsulated in folate-functionalized chitosan-coated Pluronic®® F-127 micelles, since the cell viability values are consistently greater than 80% over the 0-40 μg⋅mL−1μg⋅mL−1 concentration range. Upon irradiation of the samples, significant cytocidal activity was observed for the encapsulation complex of a 2,6-diiodo-8-dimethylaminophenyl-3,5-dithienylvinyleneBODIPY dye with less than 50% viable cells observed at concentrations ≥20μg⋅mL−1≥20μg⋅mL−1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Think Piece. Working for Living: Popular Education as/at Work for Social-ecological Justice
- Burt, Jane C, James, Anna, Walters, Shirley, Von Kotze, Astrid
- Authors: Burt, Jane C , James, Anna , Walters, Shirley , Von Kotze, Astrid
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/388150 , vital:68310 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/165826"
- Description: Drawing on the working lives of popular educators who are striving for socioeconomic and socio-ecological justice, we demonstrate how popular education is a form of care work which is feminised, often undervalued and unrecognised as highly skilled work. It is relational work that aims to forge solidarity with communities and the environment. Given the state of the planet, the radical transformations that are needed, and the future projection of ‘work’ as including the care economy in large measure, we argue that popular education is a generative site for further exploration of research into work and learning. However, to move popular education as work from the margins means to rethink the current economic system of value. Addressing the contradiction that undervalues work for life/living, popular education engages transformative action motivated by a deep sense of solidarity and a focus on imagining alternatives as an act of hope.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Burt, Jane C , James, Anna , Walters, Shirley , Von Kotze, Astrid
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/388150 , vital:68310 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/165826"
- Description: Drawing on the working lives of popular educators who are striving for socioeconomic and socio-ecological justice, we demonstrate how popular education is a form of care work which is feminised, often undervalued and unrecognised as highly skilled work. It is relational work that aims to forge solidarity with communities and the environment. Given the state of the planet, the radical transformations that are needed, and the future projection of ‘work’ as including the care economy in large measure, we argue that popular education is a generative site for further exploration of research into work and learning. However, to move popular education as work from the margins means to rethink the current economic system of value. Addressing the contradiction that undervalues work for life/living, popular education engages transformative action motivated by a deep sense of solidarity and a focus on imagining alternatives as an act of hope.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Young people and environmental affordances in urban sustainable development
- Nissen, Sylvia, Prendergast, Kate, Aoyagi, Midori, Burningham, Kate, Hasan, Mohammed Mehedi, Hayward, Bronwyn, Jackson, Tim, Jha, Vimlendu, Mattar, Helio, Schudel, Ingrid J, Venn, Sue, Yoshida, Aya
- Authors: Nissen, Sylvia , Prendergast, Kate , Aoyagi, Midori , Burningham, Kate , Hasan, Mohammed Mehedi , Hayward, Bronwyn , Jackson, Tim , Jha, Vimlendu , Mattar, Helio , Schudel, Ingrid J , Venn, Sue , Yoshida, Aya
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/294460 , vital:57223 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s42055-020-00039-w"
- Description: Background: Cities are at the fore of sustainability challenges of the twenty-first century, and many, particularly in Asia and Africa, are predominantly youthful spaces. Understanding young people's experiences in urban environments is therefore important as we strive to achieve both the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. Two amenities identified in the urban Sustainable Development Goal 11, transport and public and green space, are specifically recognised as applying to youth. Yet, there is little analysis that explicitly considers how youth experience these amenities across the Global North and South, and no current measures for understanding progress in youth experiences of green space and transport. Results: This paper provides a comparative analysis of young people's experiences with local transport and green space in seven diverse urban communities (Christchurch, New Zealand; Dhaka, Bangladesh; Lambeth/London, UK; Makhanda, South Africa; New Delhi, India; São Paulo, Brazil; and Yokohama, Japan). Our study contributes to a growing body of literature that seeks to listen to child and youth perspectives to understand their environmental experiences. We examine the 'affordances' young residents aged 12 to 24 years currently associate with green space and transport amenities. Affordances are defined here as the inter-relationships between what a local environment offers young people and their perceptions and actions. Drawing on focus groups and interviews conducted with 332 young people, we identify five affordances young people associate in relation to transport and public space across these diverse urban settings: (1) social inclusion and belonging; (2) autonomy; (3) physical comfort and security; (4) relaxation and reflection; and (5) health and fitness. Conclusions The paper contributes to growing interdisciplinary research interest in measuring affordances as a way to advance the Sustainable Development Goals in an urban context. In providing a comparative account of young people's experiences across diverse contexts, our discussion highlights how affordances in relation to transport or public and green space can help understand the multiple interconnections between the well-being of young people and sustainability. In particular, we argue that it is not merely the provision of transport or public and green space that matters, but the nuanced meaning of places and experiences as understood by local communities that needs to be recognised if we are to better support urban youth wellbeing and advance sustainable development goals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Nissen, Sylvia , Prendergast, Kate , Aoyagi, Midori , Burningham, Kate , Hasan, Mohammed Mehedi , Hayward, Bronwyn , Jackson, Tim , Jha, Vimlendu , Mattar, Helio , Schudel, Ingrid J , Venn, Sue , Yoshida, Aya
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/294460 , vital:57223 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s42055-020-00039-w"
- Description: Background: Cities are at the fore of sustainability challenges of the twenty-first century, and many, particularly in Asia and Africa, are predominantly youthful spaces. Understanding young people's experiences in urban environments is therefore important as we strive to achieve both the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. Two amenities identified in the urban Sustainable Development Goal 11, transport and public and green space, are specifically recognised as applying to youth. Yet, there is little analysis that explicitly considers how youth experience these amenities across the Global North and South, and no current measures for understanding progress in youth experiences of green space and transport. Results: This paper provides a comparative analysis of young people's experiences with local transport and green space in seven diverse urban communities (Christchurch, New Zealand; Dhaka, Bangladesh; Lambeth/London, UK; Makhanda, South Africa; New Delhi, India; São Paulo, Brazil; and Yokohama, Japan). Our study contributes to a growing body of literature that seeks to listen to child and youth perspectives to understand their environmental experiences. We examine the 'affordances' young residents aged 12 to 24 years currently associate with green space and transport amenities. Affordances are defined here as the inter-relationships between what a local environment offers young people and their perceptions and actions. Drawing on focus groups and interviews conducted with 332 young people, we identify five affordances young people associate in relation to transport and public space across these diverse urban settings: (1) social inclusion and belonging; (2) autonomy; (3) physical comfort and security; (4) relaxation and reflection; and (5) health and fitness. Conclusions The paper contributes to growing interdisciplinary research interest in measuring affordances as a way to advance the Sustainable Development Goals in an urban context. In providing a comparative account of young people's experiences across diverse contexts, our discussion highlights how affordances in relation to transport or public and green space can help understand the multiple interconnections between the well-being of young people and sustainability. In particular, we argue that it is not merely the provision of transport or public and green space that matters, but the nuanced meaning of places and experiences as understood by local communities that needs to be recognised if we are to better support urban youth wellbeing and advance sustainable development goals.
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- Date Issued: 2020
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