Towards the development of a pro-environmental strategy for improving catch-and-release behaviour in recreational fisheries – a case study on a competitive South African angling body
- Authors: Mannheim, Samantha L
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Fishing -- Environmental aspects -- South Africa , Fishing -- South Africa , Fishers -- Attitudes -- South Africa , Fishers -- Attitudes -- South Africa -- Cast studies , Fishes -- Conservation -- South Africa , Rock and Surf Super Pro League , Southern African Fisheries Ecology Research Lab
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/171862 , vital:42133
- Description: Catch-and-release (C&R) is becoming increasingly popular in recreational fisheries with the potential to contribute towards conserving the oceans limited fish stocks. Several studies have highlighted high rates of mortality and many sub-lethal effects which ultimately have a negative impact on fish population viability. With poorly developed handling practices, the fish that are released suffer the consequences of physical and physiological stress and do not always survive, thus making the ethics of C&R fishing questionable. Many studies have contributed to our understanding of the factors that influence the fate of fish released by anglers. Despite this, few interventions have been able to improve angler C&R behaviour. Pro-environmental behavioural strategies however hold some potential for improving angler C&R behaviour. To test their potential, we partnered with the South African Rock and Surf Super Pro League (RASSPL Africa), the biggest exclusively C&R competitive shore-based angling league in South Africa. The first two years (2013 and 2014) of the partnership were purely focused on building trust and relationships and making observations on angler behaviour. In 2015, we collected baseline data on angler behaviour and fish health during the RASSPL national fishing competition. This was followed by comparable data collection at the following two national competitions in 2016 and 2017 after the introduction of a combination of pro- environmental behaviour interventions, including rule changes, improving angler knowledge, behavioural modelling, rewards, penalties and feedback to improve C&R behaviour. There were significant improvements in angler behaviour, including a decline in total air exposure from 101.93s ± 64.34 in 2015 to 77.37s ± 60.52 in 2017 (F(2,618) = 9.27, P < 0.01), and the time taken for an angler to place their fish into a bucket declined from 105.86s ± 69.47 in 2015 to 23.05s ± 24.13 in 2017 (F(2,556) = 158.71, P < 0.01). There were also improvements in the health of the fish, with a decline in the blood lactate concentration and mean reflex action mortality predictor (RAMP’s) scores for the dominant species, Diplodus capensis (lactate – 9.46 ± 3.80 mmol.l-1 in 2015 and 6.69 ± 2.99 mmol.l-1 in 2017, RAMP – 0.28 ± 0.22 in 2015 and 0.19 ± 0.17 in 2017), and Haploblapharus fuscus (lactate – 4.25 ± 1.89 mmol.l-1 in 2015 and 1.76 ± 0.78 mmol.l-1in 2017, RAMP – 0.15 ± 0.18 in 2015 and 0 ± 0 in 2017). In 2018, surveys were conducted to gain insight into angler demographics and external (social, economic, cultural and institutional) and internal factors (knowledge and awareness, motivations, attitudes and perceptions) associated with the RASSPL anglers. Surveys were also designed to assist in identifying what components were key drivers behind the angler’s behavioural changes. The demographic characteristics of RASSPL anglers were not dissimilar from the general recreational angling public in South Africa, suggesting that this kind of intervention may have potential at a broader scale. In terms of the drivers of behavioural change, the surveys revealed that 68% of respondents strongly agreed that the structural rule changes contributed to their improved behaviour. This was followed by the educational presentations (66% of the respondents) and modelling / demonstrative videos (59% of the respondents). The conservation prizes were considered less effective, with only 27% of anglers strongly agreeing that this intervention improved their C&R behaviour. Overall this study has demonstrated that it is possible to improve the C&R behaviour of anglers in a competitive setting, with the most effective component of the intervention being the use of rule changes (structural approach). These findings suggest that proenvironmental strategies hold potential for improving the C&R behaviour of anglers and the health of released fishes. It is suggested that interventions to improve C&R behaviour should aim to develop long-term relationships, and implement a broad range of well communicated strategies based on reliable data and sound rationality. Key words: marine shore-based fisheries; community engagement; pro- environmental behaviour; behavioural intervention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Mannheim, Samantha L
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Fishing -- Environmental aspects -- South Africa , Fishing -- South Africa , Fishers -- Attitudes -- South Africa , Fishers -- Attitudes -- South Africa -- Cast studies , Fishes -- Conservation -- South Africa , Rock and Surf Super Pro League , Southern African Fisheries Ecology Research Lab
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/171862 , vital:42133
- Description: Catch-and-release (C&R) is becoming increasingly popular in recreational fisheries with the potential to contribute towards conserving the oceans limited fish stocks. Several studies have highlighted high rates of mortality and many sub-lethal effects which ultimately have a negative impact on fish population viability. With poorly developed handling practices, the fish that are released suffer the consequences of physical and physiological stress and do not always survive, thus making the ethics of C&R fishing questionable. Many studies have contributed to our understanding of the factors that influence the fate of fish released by anglers. Despite this, few interventions have been able to improve angler C&R behaviour. Pro-environmental behavioural strategies however hold some potential for improving angler C&R behaviour. To test their potential, we partnered with the South African Rock and Surf Super Pro League (RASSPL Africa), the biggest exclusively C&R competitive shore-based angling league in South Africa. The first two years (2013 and 2014) of the partnership were purely focused on building trust and relationships and making observations on angler behaviour. In 2015, we collected baseline data on angler behaviour and fish health during the RASSPL national fishing competition. This was followed by comparable data collection at the following two national competitions in 2016 and 2017 after the introduction of a combination of pro- environmental behaviour interventions, including rule changes, improving angler knowledge, behavioural modelling, rewards, penalties and feedback to improve C&R behaviour. There were significant improvements in angler behaviour, including a decline in total air exposure from 101.93s ± 64.34 in 2015 to 77.37s ± 60.52 in 2017 (F(2,618) = 9.27, P < 0.01), and the time taken for an angler to place their fish into a bucket declined from 105.86s ± 69.47 in 2015 to 23.05s ± 24.13 in 2017 (F(2,556) = 158.71, P < 0.01). There were also improvements in the health of the fish, with a decline in the blood lactate concentration and mean reflex action mortality predictor (RAMP’s) scores for the dominant species, Diplodus capensis (lactate – 9.46 ± 3.80 mmol.l-1 in 2015 and 6.69 ± 2.99 mmol.l-1 in 2017, RAMP – 0.28 ± 0.22 in 2015 and 0.19 ± 0.17 in 2017), and Haploblapharus fuscus (lactate – 4.25 ± 1.89 mmol.l-1 in 2015 and 1.76 ± 0.78 mmol.l-1in 2017, RAMP – 0.15 ± 0.18 in 2015 and 0 ± 0 in 2017). In 2018, surveys were conducted to gain insight into angler demographics and external (social, economic, cultural and institutional) and internal factors (knowledge and awareness, motivations, attitudes and perceptions) associated with the RASSPL anglers. Surveys were also designed to assist in identifying what components were key drivers behind the angler’s behavioural changes. The demographic characteristics of RASSPL anglers were not dissimilar from the general recreational angling public in South Africa, suggesting that this kind of intervention may have potential at a broader scale. In terms of the drivers of behavioural change, the surveys revealed that 68% of respondents strongly agreed that the structural rule changes contributed to their improved behaviour. This was followed by the educational presentations (66% of the respondents) and modelling / demonstrative videos (59% of the respondents). The conservation prizes were considered less effective, with only 27% of anglers strongly agreeing that this intervention improved their C&R behaviour. Overall this study has demonstrated that it is possible to improve the C&R behaviour of anglers in a competitive setting, with the most effective component of the intervention being the use of rule changes (structural approach). These findings suggest that proenvironmental strategies hold potential for improving the C&R behaviour of anglers and the health of released fishes. It is suggested that interventions to improve C&R behaviour should aim to develop long-term relationships, and implement a broad range of well communicated strategies based on reliable data and sound rationality. Key words: marine shore-based fisheries; community engagement; pro- environmental behaviour; behavioural intervention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
Analysing emergent time within an isolated Universe through the application of interactions in the conditional probability approach
- Authors: Bryan, Kate Louise Halse
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Space and time , Quantum gravity , Quantum theory , Relativity (Physics)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146676 , vital:38547
- Description: Time remains a frequently discussed issue in physics and philosophy. One interpretation of growing popularity is the ‘timeless’ view which states that our experience of time is only an illusion. The isolated Universe model, provided by the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, supports this interpretation by describing time using clocks in the conditional probability interpretation (CPI). However, the CPI customarily dismisses interaction effects as negligible creating a potential blind spot which overlooks the potential influence of interaction effects. Accounting for interactions opens up a new avenue of analysis and a potential challenge to the interpretation of time. In aid of our assessment of the impact interaction effects have on the CPI, we present rudimentary definitions of time and its associated concepts. Defined in a minimalist manner, time is argued to require a postulate of causality as a means of accounting for temporal ordering in physical theories. Several of these theories are discussed here in terms of their respective approaches to time and, despite their differences, there are indications that the accounts of time are unified in a more fundamental theory. An analytic analysis of the CPI, incorporating two different clock choices, and a qualitative analysis both confirm that interactions have a necessary role within the CPI. The consequence of removing interactions is a maximised uncertainty in any measurement of the clock and a restriction to a two-state system, as indicated by the results of the toy models and qualitative argument respectively. The philosophical implication is that we are not restricted to the timeless view since including interactions as agents of causal interventions between systems provides an account of time as a real phenomenon. This result highlights the reliance on a postulate of causality which forms a pressing problem in explaining our experience of time.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Bryan, Kate Louise Halse
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Space and time , Quantum gravity , Quantum theory , Relativity (Physics)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146676 , vital:38547
- Description: Time remains a frequently discussed issue in physics and philosophy. One interpretation of growing popularity is the ‘timeless’ view which states that our experience of time is only an illusion. The isolated Universe model, provided by the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, supports this interpretation by describing time using clocks in the conditional probability interpretation (CPI). However, the CPI customarily dismisses interaction effects as negligible creating a potential blind spot which overlooks the potential influence of interaction effects. Accounting for interactions opens up a new avenue of analysis and a potential challenge to the interpretation of time. In aid of our assessment of the impact interaction effects have on the CPI, we present rudimentary definitions of time and its associated concepts. Defined in a minimalist manner, time is argued to require a postulate of causality as a means of accounting for temporal ordering in physical theories. Several of these theories are discussed here in terms of their respective approaches to time and, despite their differences, there are indications that the accounts of time are unified in a more fundamental theory. An analytic analysis of the CPI, incorporating two different clock choices, and a qualitative analysis both confirm that interactions have a necessary role within the CPI. The consequence of removing interactions is a maximised uncertainty in any measurement of the clock and a restriction to a two-state system, as indicated by the results of the toy models and qualitative argument respectively. The philosophical implication is that we are not restricted to the timeless view since including interactions as agents of causal interventions between systems provides an account of time as a real phenomenon. This result highlights the reliance on a postulate of causality which forms a pressing problem in explaining our experience of time.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Detecting the transnational space: metaphysical detecting in Kazuo Ishiguro’s When we were orphans, Michiel Heyns’s Lost ground, and Amitav Gosh’s The Calcutta chromosome
- Authors: Botes, Niki
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Literature and transnationalism , Detective and mystery stories -- History and criticism , Ishiguro, Kazuo, 1954- , Ishiguro, Kazuo, 1954- -- When we were orpahns , Heyns, Michiel , Heyns, Michiel -- Lost ground , Ghosh, Amitav, 1956- , Ghosh, Amitav, 1956- -- The Calcutta chromosome
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140971 , vital:37933
- Description: The transnational detectives in the three primary texts under scrutiny—Kazuo Ishiguro’s When We Were Orphans, Michiel Heyns’s Lost Ground, and Amitav Ghosh’s The Calcutta Chromosome—are regarded as metaphysical detectives in this thesis. As transnational figures, they criss-cross physical and national borders, but their investigations also often require the crossing of epistemological and ontological borders, as well as thinking outside of binaries. The fictional transnational, postcolonial worlds presented in these texts all feature a lack of change and the persistence of the socio-economic inequalities and discriminations of the colonial or, in the case of Lost Ground, the apartheid past. This thesis will argue that the three texts foreground the inability to break free from conceptual frameworks and a lack in human relationships as two possible reasons why the communities and societies in question have not been able to affect change. To solve the various mysteries in the texts, the transnational detectives need to find new ways of knowing and being. The lessons that these detectives learn and the personal changes they experience serve as synecdoche for how a better tomorrow for the transnational, postcolonial world could possibly be achieved. The methodology employed in this thesis involves a comparative reading of the three primary texts. To analyse and interpret these texts, this thesis draws on the philosophies of postmodern philosophers such as Martin Heidegger, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, and Emmanuel Levinas, as well as postcolonial theorists like Edward Said, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, and Homi K. Bhabha. The thesis will contend that especially Derrida’s work on deconstruction, which forms the conceptual basis for Bhabha’s notion of the ‘third space,’ as well as Levinas’s anti-totalitarian approach with regard to the ethical relationship between the self and the other, are viable better ways of knowing and being in the transnational, postcolonial worlds presented in the texts. Derrida’s notion of différance and the trace, as well as Bhabha’s third space, this thesis contends, completely destabilises binary thinking and offers ways to think outside of the limited frameworks of ideological discourse. This thesis also posits that Levinas’s metaphysical and pluralistic interpretation of how the self should, and can, relate to the other, presents a better way of forming human relationships and has the potential to affect positive change.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Botes, Niki
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Literature and transnationalism , Detective and mystery stories -- History and criticism , Ishiguro, Kazuo, 1954- , Ishiguro, Kazuo, 1954- -- When we were orpahns , Heyns, Michiel , Heyns, Michiel -- Lost ground , Ghosh, Amitav, 1956- , Ghosh, Amitav, 1956- -- The Calcutta chromosome
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140971 , vital:37933
- Description: The transnational detectives in the three primary texts under scrutiny—Kazuo Ishiguro’s When We Were Orphans, Michiel Heyns’s Lost Ground, and Amitav Ghosh’s The Calcutta Chromosome—are regarded as metaphysical detectives in this thesis. As transnational figures, they criss-cross physical and national borders, but their investigations also often require the crossing of epistemological and ontological borders, as well as thinking outside of binaries. The fictional transnational, postcolonial worlds presented in these texts all feature a lack of change and the persistence of the socio-economic inequalities and discriminations of the colonial or, in the case of Lost Ground, the apartheid past. This thesis will argue that the three texts foreground the inability to break free from conceptual frameworks and a lack in human relationships as two possible reasons why the communities and societies in question have not been able to affect change. To solve the various mysteries in the texts, the transnational detectives need to find new ways of knowing and being. The lessons that these detectives learn and the personal changes they experience serve as synecdoche for how a better tomorrow for the transnational, postcolonial world could possibly be achieved. The methodology employed in this thesis involves a comparative reading of the three primary texts. To analyse and interpret these texts, this thesis draws on the philosophies of postmodern philosophers such as Martin Heidegger, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, and Emmanuel Levinas, as well as postcolonial theorists like Edward Said, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, and Homi K. Bhabha. The thesis will contend that especially Derrida’s work on deconstruction, which forms the conceptual basis for Bhabha’s notion of the ‘third space,’ as well as Levinas’s anti-totalitarian approach with regard to the ethical relationship between the self and the other, are viable better ways of knowing and being in the transnational, postcolonial worlds presented in the texts. Derrida’s notion of différance and the trace, as well as Bhabha’s third space, this thesis contends, completely destabilises binary thinking and offers ways to think outside of the limited frameworks of ideological discourse. This thesis also posits that Levinas’s metaphysical and pluralistic interpretation of how the self should, and can, relate to the other, presents a better way of forming human relationships and has the potential to affect positive change.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Targeting allosteric sites of Escherichia coli heat shock protein 70 for antibiotic development
- Authors: Okeke, Chiamaka Jessica
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Heat shock proteins , Escherichia coli , Allosteric proteins , Antibiotics , Molecular chaperones , Ligands (Biochemistry) , Molecular dynamics , Principal components analysis , South African Natural Compounds Database
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/115998 , vital:34287
- Description: Hsp70s are members of the heat shock proteins family with a molecular weight of 70-kDa and are the most abundant group in bacterial and eukaryotic systems, hence the most extensively studied ones. These proteins are molecular chaperones that play a significant role in protein homeostasis by facilitating appropriate folding of proteins, preventing proteins from aggregating and misfolding. They are also involved in translocation of proteins into subcellular compartments and protection of cells against stress. Stress caused by environmental or biological factors affects the functionality of the cell. In response to these stressful conditions, up-regulation of Hsp70s ensures that the cells are protected by balancing out unfolded proteins giving them ample time to repair denatured proteins. Hsp70s is connected to numerous illnesses such as autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, bacterial infection, cancer, malaria, and obesity. The multi-functional nature of Hsp70s predisposes them as promising therapeutic targets. Hsp70s play vital roles in various cell developments, and survival pathways, therefore targeting this protein will provide a new avenue towards the discovery of active therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Allosteric sites of these proteins in its multi-conformational states have not been explored for inhibitory properties hence the aim of this study. This study aims at identifying allosteric sites that inhibit the ATPase and substrate binding activities using computational approaches. Using E. coli as a model organism, molecular docking for high throughput virtual screening was carried out using 623 compounds from the South African Natural Compounds Database (SANCDB; https://sancdb.rubi.ru.ac.za/) against identified allosteric sites. Ligands with the highest binding affinity (good binders) interacting with critical allosteric residues that are druggable were identified. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was also performed on the identified hits to assess for protein-inhibitor complex stability. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to understand the structural dynamics of the ligand-free and ligand-bound structures during MD simulation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Okeke, Chiamaka Jessica
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Heat shock proteins , Escherichia coli , Allosteric proteins , Antibiotics , Molecular chaperones , Ligands (Biochemistry) , Molecular dynamics , Principal components analysis , South African Natural Compounds Database
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/115998 , vital:34287
- Description: Hsp70s are members of the heat shock proteins family with a molecular weight of 70-kDa and are the most abundant group in bacterial and eukaryotic systems, hence the most extensively studied ones. These proteins are molecular chaperones that play a significant role in protein homeostasis by facilitating appropriate folding of proteins, preventing proteins from aggregating and misfolding. They are also involved in translocation of proteins into subcellular compartments and protection of cells against stress. Stress caused by environmental or biological factors affects the functionality of the cell. In response to these stressful conditions, up-regulation of Hsp70s ensures that the cells are protected by balancing out unfolded proteins giving them ample time to repair denatured proteins. Hsp70s is connected to numerous illnesses such as autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, bacterial infection, cancer, malaria, and obesity. The multi-functional nature of Hsp70s predisposes them as promising therapeutic targets. Hsp70s play vital roles in various cell developments, and survival pathways, therefore targeting this protein will provide a new avenue towards the discovery of active therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Allosteric sites of these proteins in its multi-conformational states have not been explored for inhibitory properties hence the aim of this study. This study aims at identifying allosteric sites that inhibit the ATPase and substrate binding activities using computational approaches. Using E. coli as a model organism, molecular docking for high throughput virtual screening was carried out using 623 compounds from the South African Natural Compounds Database (SANCDB; https://sancdb.rubi.ru.ac.za/) against identified allosteric sites. Ligands with the highest binding affinity (good binders) interacting with critical allosteric residues that are druggable were identified. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was also performed on the identified hits to assess for protein-inhibitor complex stability. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to understand the structural dynamics of the ligand-free and ligand-bound structures during MD simulation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
An activity theoretical investigation into how leadership can be developed within a group of class monitors in a Namibian secondary school
- Authors: Kalimbo, Tomas
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: School management and organization -- Namibia , Educational leadership -- Namibia , Education, Secondary -- Namibia , Student government -- Namibia , Student participation in administration -- Namibia , Cultural Historical Activity Theory
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61734 , vital:28053
- Description: Literature suggests that developing leadership in learners benefits them and their schools in general. Learners are prepared as future leaders and they gain leadership skills and democratic values and principles. Learner leaders therefore contribute to transformation in their schools. However, research on the same topic has also found that learners have limited leadership development opportunities, as they are not authentically and democratically involved in leadership in many schools. Informed by the distributed perspective of leadership, this study investigates how leadership can be developed within a group of class monitors in a Namibian secondary school. Its overarching goal was to develop leadership and build transformative agency within class monitors. The study was designed as an interventionist study, theoretically and analytically framed by Engestrom’s second generation of Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT). Multiple methods were used for data collection, including questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, document analysis and Change Laboratory workshops. Data analysis took the form of content analysis and coding, as well as using the CHAT lens to surface contradictions. The findings of the study revealed that there was conceptual awareness on what learner leadership and leadership development meant among participants. However, little was being done to develop leadership in class monitors. Traditional leadership practices and cultural belief that learners are mere children, as well as confinement to formal leadership structures and policies were the main hindering inner contradictions within the research school. A formative intervention was instituted through the Change Laboratory workshop process and it resulted in leadership training to capacitate and empower class monitors, as well as enhance their transformative agency. The study thus recommends for a shift from traditional autocratic leadership practices to a contemporary distributed perspective of leadership that recognises the need to develop leadership in learners.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Kalimbo, Tomas
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: School management and organization -- Namibia , Educational leadership -- Namibia , Education, Secondary -- Namibia , Student government -- Namibia , Student participation in administration -- Namibia , Cultural Historical Activity Theory
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61734 , vital:28053
- Description: Literature suggests that developing leadership in learners benefits them and their schools in general. Learners are prepared as future leaders and they gain leadership skills and democratic values and principles. Learner leaders therefore contribute to transformation in their schools. However, research on the same topic has also found that learners have limited leadership development opportunities, as they are not authentically and democratically involved in leadership in many schools. Informed by the distributed perspective of leadership, this study investigates how leadership can be developed within a group of class monitors in a Namibian secondary school. Its overarching goal was to develop leadership and build transformative agency within class monitors. The study was designed as an interventionist study, theoretically and analytically framed by Engestrom’s second generation of Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT). Multiple methods were used for data collection, including questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, document analysis and Change Laboratory workshops. Data analysis took the form of content analysis and coding, as well as using the CHAT lens to surface contradictions. The findings of the study revealed that there was conceptual awareness on what learner leadership and leadership development meant among participants. However, little was being done to develop leadership in class monitors. Traditional leadership practices and cultural belief that learners are mere children, as well as confinement to formal leadership structures and policies were the main hindering inner contradictions within the research school. A formative intervention was instituted through the Change Laboratory workshop process and it resulted in leadership training to capacitate and empower class monitors, as well as enhance their transformative agency. The study thus recommends for a shift from traditional autocratic leadership practices to a contemporary distributed perspective of leadership that recognises the need to develop leadership in learners.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Zooming in: an ethnographic study of visual journalism for smartphones - journalistic roles and routines at South Africa’s largest graphics unit, Graphics24
- Authors: Gouws, Andries Jacobus
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Journalism -- Technological innovations -- South Africa , Smartphones , Visual communication -- Digital techniques , News Web sites -- South Africa , Online journalism -- South Africa , Information visualization , Graphic arts , Graphics24 , Netwerk24
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63154 , vital:28368
- Description: This study examines the changing roles of graphics journalists in the digital era at Graphics24, the largest information graphics newsroom in South Africa, in the context of their work for Netwerk24, an online news site published in Afrikaans with a strong focus on mobile-first news. The study examines the discursive construction of these new journalistic roles in the digital era where even the core conceptualisation of what journalism is, is being re-examined. It considers external factors affecting the discourse of change, drawing on a hierarchy of influences analytical model, as well as norms specific to the creation of information graphics. Data for this study was gathered by using ethnographic immersion and semi-structured interviews. This study specifically looks at graphics journalists working in a mobile-first environment, and how the pressures of producing information graphics for consumption on smartphones affects their roles. Evidence of two widely differing discourses in the Graphics24 and Netwerk24 newsrooms was found. Visual journalists in this study have created a discourse around being distinct “service providers”, rather than mobile-first journalists, who do not see the need for full integration in the fast-paced mobile news environment of Netwerk24. Word-centric journalists have, by contrast, created a mobile-first discourse. They experience the separateness of the graphics team as a barrier that impedes the creation of good information graphics for mobile phone consumption. Although this is a very localised study in a very particular context, this study contributes to broader thinking in what is a very under-researched field: The changing roles of visual journalists in the digital era and the discursive construction of these roles. The study suggests that even in the digital era where the definition of newsrooms has become much more fluid and less fixed physically, ethnographic methods can still offer a meaningful way to explore journalistic roles.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Gouws, Andries Jacobus
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Journalism -- Technological innovations -- South Africa , Smartphones , Visual communication -- Digital techniques , News Web sites -- South Africa , Online journalism -- South Africa , Information visualization , Graphic arts , Graphics24 , Netwerk24
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63154 , vital:28368
- Description: This study examines the changing roles of graphics journalists in the digital era at Graphics24, the largest information graphics newsroom in South Africa, in the context of their work for Netwerk24, an online news site published in Afrikaans with a strong focus on mobile-first news. The study examines the discursive construction of these new journalistic roles in the digital era where even the core conceptualisation of what journalism is, is being re-examined. It considers external factors affecting the discourse of change, drawing on a hierarchy of influences analytical model, as well as norms specific to the creation of information graphics. Data for this study was gathered by using ethnographic immersion and semi-structured interviews. This study specifically looks at graphics journalists working in a mobile-first environment, and how the pressures of producing information graphics for consumption on smartphones affects their roles. Evidence of two widely differing discourses in the Graphics24 and Netwerk24 newsrooms was found. Visual journalists in this study have created a discourse around being distinct “service providers”, rather than mobile-first journalists, who do not see the need for full integration in the fast-paced mobile news environment of Netwerk24. Word-centric journalists have, by contrast, created a mobile-first discourse. They experience the separateness of the graphics team as a barrier that impedes the creation of good information graphics for mobile phone consumption. Although this is a very localised study in a very particular context, this study contributes to broader thinking in what is a very under-researched field: The changing roles of visual journalists in the digital era and the discursive construction of these roles. The study suggests that even in the digital era where the definition of newsrooms has become much more fluid and less fixed physically, ethnographic methods can still offer a meaningful way to explore journalistic roles.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Inside the river
- Authors: Buzani, Mangaliso Welcome
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: South African poetry (English) , Xhosa poetry
- Language: English , Xhosa
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5971
- Description: My collection is of imagistic associative poetry, influenced by Spanish and other kinds of modernism, and written in my two languages, isiXhosa and English. My approach to producing these poems is first via the mastery of sound, not on the actual meaning of a poem; working on the meaning would be the last stage. The language of each poem will be encountered as it comes down on the paper, leading me to the words meaningful for that particular poem.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Buzani, Mangaliso Welcome
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: South African poetry (English) , Xhosa poetry
- Language: English , Xhosa
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5971
- Description: My collection is of imagistic associative poetry, influenced by Spanish and other kinds of modernism, and written in my two languages, isiXhosa and English. My approach to producing these poems is first via the mastery of sound, not on the actual meaning of a poem; working on the meaning would be the last stage. The language of each poem will be encountered as it comes down on the paper, leading me to the words meaningful for that particular poem.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Petrological, mineralogical and geochemical studies of Zhongchang and Yantiangou ultramafic intrusions from the Panxi region, Sichuan Province, S-W China. Metallogenic and Exploration implications
- Authors: Malatji, Tsholofelo S
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Mineralogy -- China , Geochemistry -- China
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5057 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012951
- Description: The Emeishan Large Igneous Province is one of the largest igneous provinces in the world. It is marked by basaltic extrusives that vary in Ti amount, classified as high Ti and low Ti. Several mafic to ultramafic intrusions occur in the province as well as granitic intrusions. The mafic-ultramafic intrusions are associated with mineralization; large layered utlramafic intrusions bearing Fe-Ti-V mineralization, while small dyke like or sill like intrusions contain Cu-Ni-PGE mineralization. The Zhongchang and Yantiangou mafic- ultramafic intrusions are small such intrusions bearing Ni-Cu-PGE mineralization. The deposits show a lot of similarities in source magma, evolution and mineralization. Parental magma for both deposits show alkaline tendencies, and a high Mg # indicative of primitive magma that underwent little crustal contamination. Mantle range Cu/Pd ratios show parental magma fertile in chalcophile elements and both deposits proceed to show depleted mantle normalized values as a result of sulphide saturation and subsequent mineralization. Mineralization in Zhongchang is hosted at the contact between peridotite and pyroxenite, interstitial to olivine and clinopyroxene. Alteration minerals include epidote and chlorite. High Cu/Pd ratios suggest earlier sulphide saturation and removal of a PGE sulphide, and a second sulphide saturation phase resulted in Ni-Cu mineralization. Mineralization in Yantiangou is hosted in biotite effectively following fractionation of olivine and clinopyroxene after which sulphide saturation occurred, precipitating sulphide minerals in biotite. Pyrite and millerite occur as a result of late stage hydrothermal alteration. Cu/Pd ratios are high indicating prior sulphide saturation occurred where PGE partitioned into sulphides. Ni/MgO ratios observed for both deposits indicate a state of sulphide under saturation where PGE partitioned into tellurides and bismurthinides and Ni into olivine. Average tenors for mineralized units are; Zhongchang at 5%Ni, 9% Cu, 4300ppb Pt and 2000ppb Pd, and Yantiangou having relatively lower tenors at 3.2%Ni, 6.5% Cu, 3000ppb Pt and 1300 ppb Pd.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Malatji, Tsholofelo S
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Mineralogy -- China , Geochemistry -- China
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5057 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012951
- Description: The Emeishan Large Igneous Province is one of the largest igneous provinces in the world. It is marked by basaltic extrusives that vary in Ti amount, classified as high Ti and low Ti. Several mafic to ultramafic intrusions occur in the province as well as granitic intrusions. The mafic-ultramafic intrusions are associated with mineralization; large layered utlramafic intrusions bearing Fe-Ti-V mineralization, while small dyke like or sill like intrusions contain Cu-Ni-PGE mineralization. The Zhongchang and Yantiangou mafic- ultramafic intrusions are small such intrusions bearing Ni-Cu-PGE mineralization. The deposits show a lot of similarities in source magma, evolution and mineralization. Parental magma for both deposits show alkaline tendencies, and a high Mg # indicative of primitive magma that underwent little crustal contamination. Mantle range Cu/Pd ratios show parental magma fertile in chalcophile elements and both deposits proceed to show depleted mantle normalized values as a result of sulphide saturation and subsequent mineralization. Mineralization in Zhongchang is hosted at the contact between peridotite and pyroxenite, interstitial to olivine and clinopyroxene. Alteration minerals include epidote and chlorite. High Cu/Pd ratios suggest earlier sulphide saturation and removal of a PGE sulphide, and a second sulphide saturation phase resulted in Ni-Cu mineralization. Mineralization in Yantiangou is hosted in biotite effectively following fractionation of olivine and clinopyroxene after which sulphide saturation occurred, precipitating sulphide minerals in biotite. Pyrite and millerite occur as a result of late stage hydrothermal alteration. Cu/Pd ratios are high indicating prior sulphide saturation occurred where PGE partitioned into sulphides. Ni/MgO ratios observed for both deposits indicate a state of sulphide under saturation where PGE partitioned into tellurides and bismurthinides and Ni into olivine. Average tenors for mineralized units are; Zhongchang at 5%Ni, 9% Cu, 4300ppb Pt and 2000ppb Pd, and Yantiangou having relatively lower tenors at 3.2%Ni, 6.5% Cu, 3000ppb Pt and 1300 ppb Pd.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Evaluation of the performance of community-based natural resources management (CBNRM) projects along an aridity gradient in Botswana
- Authors: Mpofu, Khulekani
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa (Project) , Natural resources, Communal -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Economic aspects -- Botswana , Conservation of natural resources -- Botswana , Conservation of natural resources -- Economic aspects -- Botswana , Arid regions -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Citizen participation -- Botswana
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4740 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006063 , Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa (Project) , Natural resources, Communal -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Economic aspects -- Botswana , Conservation of natural resources -- Botswana , Conservation of natural resources -- Economic aspects -- Botswana , Arid regions -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Citizen participation -- Botswana
- Description: The Botswana Community Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM) programme started in 1989. Its aims were to promote sustainable development through sustainable natural resources management and utilisation to improve rural livelihoods. The country CBNRM programme has recorded mixed outcomes and this has raised questions on the programme performance throughout the country. Since the programme has been recognised as one of the eight main livelihood strategies for rural communities in Botswana, there was a need to evaluate the programme performance and determine the factors that influence it. This thesis therefore evaluated the performance of CBNRM projects along an aridity gradient in Botswana and by so doing answered the two research questions of: (1) What factors influence the performance of CBNRM? And (2) how does aridity influence the performance of CBNRM programmes? Performance was determined in terms of financial benefits generated by CBNRM projects and the projects adherence to the CBNRM principles. Data were collected from seven selected CBNRM projects covering three aridity zones (wet, medium rainfall and dry areas) in the country. Data were also collected from key informants and community based organisations (CBO) project managers. Research findings have indicated differences in the performance of CBNRM projects across the identified three aridity zones. Factors that influenced the performance of CBNRM projects varied among the three aridity zones. These factors included: existence of complimentary rules and regulations for managing CBNRM projects; literacy levels of communities involved in CBNRM; ethnic composition of the project communities; historic and current socio-economic trends within communities; collaboration between CBNRM institutions and other local level institutes; amount of benefits generated through the projects; ability of institutions to resolve outstanding issues in time and type of CBNRM project. Research results also indicated that there was variation in the performance of CBNRM projects across the three aridity zones. Aridity was found to directly influence the performance of CBNRM projects through its influence on the amount of revenues that projects generated.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Mpofu, Khulekani
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa (Project) , Natural resources, Communal -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Economic aspects -- Botswana , Conservation of natural resources -- Botswana , Conservation of natural resources -- Economic aspects -- Botswana , Arid regions -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Citizen participation -- Botswana
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4740 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006063 , Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa (Project) , Natural resources, Communal -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Economic aspects -- Botswana , Conservation of natural resources -- Botswana , Conservation of natural resources -- Economic aspects -- Botswana , Arid regions -- Botswana , Natural resources -- Management -- Citizen participation -- Botswana
- Description: The Botswana Community Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM) programme started in 1989. Its aims were to promote sustainable development through sustainable natural resources management and utilisation to improve rural livelihoods. The country CBNRM programme has recorded mixed outcomes and this has raised questions on the programme performance throughout the country. Since the programme has been recognised as one of the eight main livelihood strategies for rural communities in Botswana, there was a need to evaluate the programme performance and determine the factors that influence it. This thesis therefore evaluated the performance of CBNRM projects along an aridity gradient in Botswana and by so doing answered the two research questions of: (1) What factors influence the performance of CBNRM? And (2) how does aridity influence the performance of CBNRM programmes? Performance was determined in terms of financial benefits generated by CBNRM projects and the projects adherence to the CBNRM principles. Data were collected from seven selected CBNRM projects covering three aridity zones (wet, medium rainfall and dry areas) in the country. Data were also collected from key informants and community based organisations (CBO) project managers. Research findings have indicated differences in the performance of CBNRM projects across the identified three aridity zones. Factors that influenced the performance of CBNRM projects varied among the three aridity zones. These factors included: existence of complimentary rules and regulations for managing CBNRM projects; literacy levels of communities involved in CBNRM; ethnic composition of the project communities; historic and current socio-economic trends within communities; collaboration between CBNRM institutions and other local level institutes; amount of benefits generated through the projects; ability of institutions to resolve outstanding issues in time and type of CBNRM project. Research results also indicated that there was variation in the performance of CBNRM projects across the three aridity zones. Aridity was found to directly influence the performance of CBNRM projects through its influence on the amount of revenues that projects generated.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
The experiences and perceptions of midwives at Provincial Hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality regarding exclusive breastfeeding by HIV positive first-time mothers
- Authors: Moobi, Emily Keadimilwe
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: Breastfeeding -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Midwives -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Attitudes , HIV infections -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10016 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/427 , Breastfeeding -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Midwives -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Attitudes , HIV infections -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Prevention
- Description: The Department of Health in South Africa, as in many countries, has developed a policy guideline and recommendations for feeding of infants of HIV positive mothers. This is aimed at providing midwives with detailed and sound information about HIV and infant feeding practices based on current understanding of HIV and exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of the infant’s life. The policy states that breastfeeding is a significant and preventable mode of HIV transmission to infants and there is an urgent need to educate, counsel and support women and families, so that they can make decisions about how best to feed infants in the context of HIV (http://www.doh.gov.za/aids/doc/feeding/html.2005-03-07). Speaking to midwives from the Provincial Hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Metropole, the researcher became aware of the midwives’ often-expressed unhappiness about the new policy from the Department of Health on exclusive breastfeeding. Midwives complained about the dilemma with which they are faced regarding infant feeding practices. They could not understand the advocacy of exclusive breastfeeding, when breastfeeding is recognised as one of the modes of Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) of HIV. The aim of the study was to help, support and encourage midwives to implement the policy of exclusive breastfeeding. The objectives of the study were to: • Explore and describe the experiences and perceptions of midwives related to promoting exclusive breastfeeding in HIV positive first-time mothers. • Make recommendations to the Department of Health regarding the support and help that can be given to midwives to encourage their implementation of the exclusive breastfeeding policy. The researcher made use of a qualitative, phenomenological, descriptive, explorative and contextual design. Permission for conducting the research was iv obtained from relevant authorities, and participants were asked to sign a consent form before the researcher proceeded with the study. Collection of data was done by means of unstructured interviews using an audiotape recorder. Once data was saturated, the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed, using the steps described by Tesch’s (1990 in Creswell, 1994: 153) method of descriptive analysis. Field notes were also taken to record non-verbal communication during the interviews. In order to ensure trustworthiness of the study, the ethical principles of Guba’s model (in Krefting, 1991:215), namely truth-value, applicability, consistency and neutrality were used. The services of an independent coder were utilised and a consensus meeting was held between the researcher and the independent coder in order to discuss the identified themes. Prior to the consensus meeting, the independent coder was provided with interview transcripts and a protocol to guide the data analysis. Following the data analysis, a literature control was undertaken to highlight the similarities and differences found in the data analysis. Three themes with sub-themes were identified. The participants expressed positive views on the policy of exclusive breastfeeding in HIV positive first-time mothers. They were satisfied with the policy and viewed the policy of exclusive breastfeeding as an effective contribution to feeding options of babies born of HIV positive first-time mothers. However, the participants identified several factors hindering the effective implementation of the policy of exclusive breastfeeding in HIV positive first-time mothers. Factors identified were staffshortages, lack of cooperation among staff members regarding promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, lack of information regarding the CD4 count of patients on admission in the ward, cultural beliefs, lack of training among staff members and inadequate counseling facilities to ensure privacy and confidentiality for mothers. Participants also experienced a variety of emotions related to exclusive breastfeeding such as happiness, confidence, helplessness, frustration, worry and concern, stress and exhaustion. Based on the findings of the study, guidelines were developed and recommendations made concerning nursing practice, nursing education and nursing research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Moobi, Emily Keadimilwe
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: Breastfeeding -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Midwives -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Attitudes , HIV infections -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10016 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/427 , Breastfeeding -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Midwives -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Attitudes , HIV infections -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Prevention
- Description: The Department of Health in South Africa, as in many countries, has developed a policy guideline and recommendations for feeding of infants of HIV positive mothers. This is aimed at providing midwives with detailed and sound information about HIV and infant feeding practices based on current understanding of HIV and exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of the infant’s life. The policy states that breastfeeding is a significant and preventable mode of HIV transmission to infants and there is an urgent need to educate, counsel and support women and families, so that they can make decisions about how best to feed infants in the context of HIV (http://www.doh.gov.za/aids/doc/feeding/html.2005-03-07). Speaking to midwives from the Provincial Hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Metropole, the researcher became aware of the midwives’ often-expressed unhappiness about the new policy from the Department of Health on exclusive breastfeeding. Midwives complained about the dilemma with which they are faced regarding infant feeding practices. They could not understand the advocacy of exclusive breastfeeding, when breastfeeding is recognised as one of the modes of Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) of HIV. The aim of the study was to help, support and encourage midwives to implement the policy of exclusive breastfeeding. The objectives of the study were to: • Explore and describe the experiences and perceptions of midwives related to promoting exclusive breastfeeding in HIV positive first-time mothers. • Make recommendations to the Department of Health regarding the support and help that can be given to midwives to encourage their implementation of the exclusive breastfeeding policy. The researcher made use of a qualitative, phenomenological, descriptive, explorative and contextual design. Permission for conducting the research was iv obtained from relevant authorities, and participants were asked to sign a consent form before the researcher proceeded with the study. Collection of data was done by means of unstructured interviews using an audiotape recorder. Once data was saturated, the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed, using the steps described by Tesch’s (1990 in Creswell, 1994: 153) method of descriptive analysis. Field notes were also taken to record non-verbal communication during the interviews. In order to ensure trustworthiness of the study, the ethical principles of Guba’s model (in Krefting, 1991:215), namely truth-value, applicability, consistency and neutrality were used. The services of an independent coder were utilised and a consensus meeting was held between the researcher and the independent coder in order to discuss the identified themes. Prior to the consensus meeting, the independent coder was provided with interview transcripts and a protocol to guide the data analysis. Following the data analysis, a literature control was undertaken to highlight the similarities and differences found in the data analysis. Three themes with sub-themes were identified. The participants expressed positive views on the policy of exclusive breastfeeding in HIV positive first-time mothers. They were satisfied with the policy and viewed the policy of exclusive breastfeeding as an effective contribution to feeding options of babies born of HIV positive first-time mothers. However, the participants identified several factors hindering the effective implementation of the policy of exclusive breastfeeding in HIV positive first-time mothers. Factors identified were staffshortages, lack of cooperation among staff members regarding promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, lack of information regarding the CD4 count of patients on admission in the ward, cultural beliefs, lack of training among staff members and inadequate counseling facilities to ensure privacy and confidentiality for mothers. Participants also experienced a variety of emotions related to exclusive breastfeeding such as happiness, confidence, helplessness, frustration, worry and concern, stress and exhaustion. Based on the findings of the study, guidelines were developed and recommendations made concerning nursing practice, nursing education and nursing research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Rural resettlement scheme evaluation: a case study of the Mfengu in Tsitsikamma
- Authors: Fakudze, Churchill M
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Land settlement , Land settlement -- South Africa -- Tsitsikamma , Land settlement -- Developing countries , Land settlement -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3309 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003097 , Land settlement , Land settlement -- South Africa -- Tsitsikamma , Land settlement -- Developing countries , Land settlement -- South Africa
- Description: In 1997 South Africa came out with a policy aimed at addressing the legacy of apartheid in respect of an unequal division of land in the country. About 3.5 million people were moved from rural and urban areas between 1960 and 1980 and deposited in the reserves or areas designed for the exclusive occupation of black people. The new land policy attempts to deal with the resultant problems. The policy advocates a three-pronged approach to land reform encompassing (i) land restitution, (ii) land redistribution and (iii) land tenure reform. A number of projects have been carried out under these three aspects. This study aims to investigate and evaluate the results of a completed land restitution case. The Mfengu of Tsitsikamma was chosen as a case study because the people have moved back and are now living on their land. The Mfengu were dispossessed of their land in 1977 by the apartheid government and their land was returned in 1994. Although this case was processed outside of the land restitution legislation (Restitution of Land Rights Act, 22 of 1994), all restitution cases where people return to their original land have to deal with the problems of resettlement. From its involvement in various involuntary resettlement projects, the World Bank concluded that the new communities of resettlers should be designed as a viable settlement system equipped with infrastructure and services and integrated in the regional socio-economic context. The host communities receiving the resettlers should be assisted to overcome possible adverse social and environmental effects from the increased population density. These concerns are valid for the South African situation, and the question is, whether this resettlement encapsulates the above. The goals of the research are twofold. To evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the resettlement project and its sustainability. In particular focussing on the constraints to the implementation of the land policy. Research questions include the following: How was the project carried out? Is the resettlement integrated into the socio-economic and development planning of the area? How viable and sustainable is the new settlement? What are the major problems and challenges facing this area and how can they be overcome?
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Fakudze, Churchill M
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Land settlement , Land settlement -- South Africa -- Tsitsikamma , Land settlement -- Developing countries , Land settlement -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3309 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003097 , Land settlement , Land settlement -- South Africa -- Tsitsikamma , Land settlement -- Developing countries , Land settlement -- South Africa
- Description: In 1997 South Africa came out with a policy aimed at addressing the legacy of apartheid in respect of an unequal division of land in the country. About 3.5 million people were moved from rural and urban areas between 1960 and 1980 and deposited in the reserves or areas designed for the exclusive occupation of black people. The new land policy attempts to deal with the resultant problems. The policy advocates a three-pronged approach to land reform encompassing (i) land restitution, (ii) land redistribution and (iii) land tenure reform. A number of projects have been carried out under these three aspects. This study aims to investigate and evaluate the results of a completed land restitution case. The Mfengu of Tsitsikamma was chosen as a case study because the people have moved back and are now living on their land. The Mfengu were dispossessed of their land in 1977 by the apartheid government and their land was returned in 1994. Although this case was processed outside of the land restitution legislation (Restitution of Land Rights Act, 22 of 1994), all restitution cases where people return to their original land have to deal with the problems of resettlement. From its involvement in various involuntary resettlement projects, the World Bank concluded that the new communities of resettlers should be designed as a viable settlement system equipped with infrastructure and services and integrated in the regional socio-economic context. The host communities receiving the resettlers should be assisted to overcome possible adverse social and environmental effects from the increased population density. These concerns are valid for the South African situation, and the question is, whether this resettlement encapsulates the above. The goals of the research are twofold. To evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the resettlement project and its sustainability. In particular focussing on the constraints to the implementation of the land policy. Research questions include the following: How was the project carried out? Is the resettlement integrated into the socio-economic and development planning of the area? How viable and sustainable is the new settlement? What are the major problems and challenges facing this area and how can they be overcome?
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
The African National Congress' foreign policy in transition: change or continuity, 1989-1994
- Machesa, Aubrey Mpho John Refiloe
- Authors: Machesa, Aubrey Mpho John Refiloe
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: African National Congress -- Foreign relations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2797 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003007 , African National Congress -- Foreign relations
- Description: But the central focus will be to explore the foreign policy transition by reflecting the theory that even though international and regional political developments had an impact on the foreign policy transition of the ANC, the internal and domestic political struggles that had evolved during the same time-frame as both the international and regional political developments also had major contributions to the foreign policy transition of the movement. Within this context, the study will also explore the preliminary contours of a post-apartheid foreign policy as perceived by the ANC as to how the country will be reintegrated into the political and economic world order.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
- Authors: Machesa, Aubrey Mpho John Refiloe
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: African National Congress -- Foreign relations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2797 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003007 , African National Congress -- Foreign relations
- Description: But the central focus will be to explore the foreign policy transition by reflecting the theory that even though international and regional political developments had an impact on the foreign policy transition of the ANC, the internal and domestic political struggles that had evolved during the same time-frame as both the international and regional political developments also had major contributions to the foreign policy transition of the movement. Within this context, the study will also explore the preliminary contours of a post-apartheid foreign policy as perceived by the ANC as to how the country will be reintegrated into the political and economic world order.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
Fest-Quest '88: survey of visitors to the 1988 Standard Bank Festival of the Arts
- Authors: Davies, William J
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Standard Bank National Arts Festival
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1719 , vital:20219 , ISBN 0868101818
- Description: The Standard Bank National Festival of the Arts is held annually in early July in Grahamstown. Apart from its importance as a national cultural event, the Festival is vitally important to the economy of Grahamstown. The annual influx of Festival participants results in expenditure amounting to several million rand, concentrated into a hectic nine-day extravaganza. The Development Studies Unit at Rhodes University and the 1820 Foundation have attempted to monitor the nature and extent of the Festival's impact on Grahamstown since 1987. Information is collected by means of a voluntary questionnaire (the Fest-Quest), and provides a useful resource for the Festival organizers as well as insights into the relative economic importance of the occasion. Fest-Quest '88 is the second such survey undertaken. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Davies, William J
- Date: 1989
- Subjects: Standard Bank National Arts Festival
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1719 , vital:20219 , ISBN 0868101818
- Description: The Standard Bank National Festival of the Arts is held annually in early July in Grahamstown. Apart from its importance as a national cultural event, the Festival is vitally important to the economy of Grahamstown. The annual influx of Festival participants results in expenditure amounting to several million rand, concentrated into a hectic nine-day extravaganza. The Development Studies Unit at Rhodes University and the 1820 Foundation have attempted to monitor the nature and extent of the Festival's impact on Grahamstown since 1987. Information is collected by means of a voluntary questionnaire (the Fest-Quest), and provides a useful resource for the Festival organizers as well as insights into the relative economic importance of the occasion. Fest-Quest '88 is the second such survey undertaken. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1989
A comparative Rorschach study of some responses of Schizophrenic and non-Schizophrenic Nguni female subjects
- Authors: Melane, Nompumelelo Popana
- Date: 1976
- Subjects: Rorschach Test , Schizophrenia -- Social aspects , Schizophrenia -- Treatment , Psychoanalysis -- Social aspects , Nguni (African people) -- Psychology , Women -- Mental health
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3216 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012873
- Description: Observation of the frequency with which major decisions on issues affecting psychiatric patients were decided on material elicited from techniques like the Rorschach stimulated the investigation of the applicability of this technique to African patients. The nosological group chosen for this study was the schizophrenic group. Scrutiny into the literature revealed great diversity in conceptions of the etiology of the schizophrenic condition. To handle this material it was necessary to adopt a modification of the framework used in Friedman and Kaplan (1974). Having gone into the models on etiology it was evident that consistency was only possible in the realm of symptoms and diagnosis and the definition of schizophrenia as a group of psychotic disorders characterised by gross distortions of reality : the disorganisation and fragmentation of perception, thought and emotion and withdrawal from social interaction, was adopted. With this preconceived idea of schizophrenia three hypotheses were formulated to test the diagnostic utility of the Rorschach with Nguni schizophrenic female subjects. Summary, p. 104.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1976
- Authors: Melane, Nompumelelo Popana
- Date: 1976
- Subjects: Rorschach Test , Schizophrenia -- Social aspects , Schizophrenia -- Treatment , Psychoanalysis -- Social aspects , Nguni (African people) -- Psychology , Women -- Mental health
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3216 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012873
- Description: Observation of the frequency with which major decisions on issues affecting psychiatric patients were decided on material elicited from techniques like the Rorschach stimulated the investigation of the applicability of this technique to African patients. The nosological group chosen for this study was the schizophrenic group. Scrutiny into the literature revealed great diversity in conceptions of the etiology of the schizophrenic condition. To handle this material it was necessary to adopt a modification of the framework used in Friedman and Kaplan (1974). Having gone into the models on etiology it was evident that consistency was only possible in the realm of symptoms and diagnosis and the definition of schizophrenia as a group of psychotic disorders characterised by gross distortions of reality : the disorganisation and fragmentation of perception, thought and emotion and withdrawal from social interaction, was adopted. With this preconceived idea of schizophrenia three hypotheses were formulated to test the diagnostic utility of the Rorschach with Nguni schizophrenic female subjects. Summary, p. 104.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1976
An investigation into the sensory mechanisms underlying the two point threshold, with particular reference to the practice effect
- Authors: Gradwell, Peter Bertram
- Date: 1971
- Subjects: Sensorimotor integration , Perceptual-motor learning
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3209 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012085 , Sensorimotor integration , Perceptual-motor learning
- Description: The two point threshold was studied extensively by the psychophysical experimenters of the last century. More recent formulations in signal detection theory have suggested that the statements of these workers about absolute thresholds should be viewed with caution. This study investigates the two point threshold in the light of these formulations, and has two main aims :- (1) To state and deal with the problem of relating a limitation in perceptual ability, such as that which is represented by the two point threshold, to the receptor organisation of the body. (2) To demonstrate a practice effect on the two point threshold, and to consider this in the light of (1) above. To fulfil these two aims, a model of the neural mechanisms underlying the discrimination of two points applied to the skin is proposed, and this is able to accommodate what is known of the two point threshold. Although the model is simple it explicitly accounts for size transfer and the practice effect, and provides some clues as to the type of neural mechanism capable of producing them. The practice effect is demonstrated experimentally, and the results are then referred to the model proposed. The physiology of an organism sets the limits for its behaviour. 'The first aim is thus an important one, in that it considers a specific case of this general problem. And secondly, the practice effect on the two point threshold is typical of a number of fairly simple "learning" phenomena, which are part of the psychologists' study of learning.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1971
- Authors: Gradwell, Peter Bertram
- Date: 1971
- Subjects: Sensorimotor integration , Perceptual-motor learning
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3209 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012085 , Sensorimotor integration , Perceptual-motor learning
- Description: The two point threshold was studied extensively by the psychophysical experimenters of the last century. More recent formulations in signal detection theory have suggested that the statements of these workers about absolute thresholds should be viewed with caution. This study investigates the two point threshold in the light of these formulations, and has two main aims :- (1) To state and deal with the problem of relating a limitation in perceptual ability, such as that which is represented by the two point threshold, to the receptor organisation of the body. (2) To demonstrate a practice effect on the two point threshold, and to consider this in the light of (1) above. To fulfil these two aims, a model of the neural mechanisms underlying the discrimination of two points applied to the skin is proposed, and this is able to accommodate what is known of the two point threshold. Although the model is simple it explicitly accounts for size transfer and the practice effect, and provides some clues as to the type of neural mechanism capable of producing them. The practice effect is demonstrated experimentally, and the results are then referred to the model proposed. The physiology of an organism sets the limits for its behaviour. 'The first aim is thus an important one, in that it considers a specific case of this general problem. And secondly, the practice effect on the two point threshold is typical of a number of fairly simple "learning" phenomena, which are part of the psychologists' study of learning.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1971
Tragic themes in the plays of Arthur Miller
- Authors: Wortham, Christopher John
- Date: 1968
- Subjects: Miller, Arthur, 1915-2005 , American drama (Tragedy) -- History and criticism -- 20th century
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2306 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012875
- Description: Aeschylus wrote that we learn through suffering. Whether one agrees with this statement or not, one has to recognise that it has given rise to a great deal of discussion about tragedy. What kind of suffering we can associate with tragedy will be considered in the chapters which follow. The more immediate concern is the business of learning. Man can learn a good deal about the problems that confront him, but he cannot learn all there is to know about anything. His knowledge is relative. He may postulate the absolute, but it is beyond the grasp of the human mind to perceive the absolute in its absoluteness. The relativist can avoid an epistemological quagmire by simply accepting that a relativistic attitude is only of relative value; he has the intellectual humility to recognise that whatever he thinks or says is likely to reveal only part of the truth. Arthur Miller has suggested that the best serious literature is concerned with the absolute, in that he criticises one of his contemporary playwrights for writing a work which "fails to extend itself so as to open up ultimate causes". Chap. 1, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1968
- Authors: Wortham, Christopher John
- Date: 1968
- Subjects: Miller, Arthur, 1915-2005 , American drama (Tragedy) -- History and criticism -- 20th century
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2306 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012875
- Description: Aeschylus wrote that we learn through suffering. Whether one agrees with this statement or not, one has to recognise that it has given rise to a great deal of discussion about tragedy. What kind of suffering we can associate with tragedy will be considered in the chapters which follow. The more immediate concern is the business of learning. Man can learn a good deal about the problems that confront him, but he cannot learn all there is to know about anything. His knowledge is relative. He may postulate the absolute, but it is beyond the grasp of the human mind to perceive the absolute in its absoluteness. The relativist can avoid an epistemological quagmire by simply accepting that a relativistic attitude is only of relative value; he has the intellectual humility to recognise that whatever he thinks or says is likely to reveal only part of the truth. Arthur Miller has suggested that the best serious literature is concerned with the absolute, in that he criticises one of his contemporary playwrights for writing a work which "fails to extend itself so as to open up ultimate causes". Chap. 1, p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1968
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