Repurposing DrugBank compounds as potential Plasmodium falciparum class 1a aminoacyl tRNA synthetase multi-stage pan-inhibitors with a specific focus on mitomycin
- Olotu, Fisayo, Tchatat Tali, Mariscal Brice, Chepsiror, Curtis, Sheik Amamuddy, Olivier, Boyom,Fabrice Fekam, Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Authors: Olotu, Fisayo , Tchatat Tali, Mariscal Brice , Chepsiror, Curtis , Sheik Amamuddy, Olivier , Boyom,Fabrice Fekam , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473661 , vital:77670 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC127052
- Description: Plasmodium falciparum aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (PfaaRSs) are potent antimalarial targets essential for proteome fidelity and overall parasite survival in every stage of the parasite's life cycle. So far, some of these proteins have been singly targeted yielding inhibitor compounds that have been limited by incidences of resistance which can be overcome via pan-inhibition strategies. Hence, herein, for the first time, we report the identification and in vitro antiplasmodial validation of Mitomycin (MMC) as a probable pan-inhibitor of class 1a (arginyl(A)-, cysteinyl(C), isoleucyl(I)-, leucyl(L), methionyl(M), and valyl(V)-) PfaaRSs which hypothetically may underlie its previously reported activity on the ribosomal RNA to inhibit protein translation and biosynthesis. We combined multiple in silico structure-based discovery strategies that first helped identify functional and druggable sites that were preferentially targeted by the compound in each of the plasmodial proteins: Ins1-Ins2 domain in Pf-ARS; anticodon binding domain in Pf-CRS; CP1-editing domain in Pf-IRS and Pf-MRS; C-terminal domain in Pf-LRS; and CP-core region in Pf-VRS. Molecular dynamics studies further revealed that MMC allosterically induced changes in the global structures of each protein. Likewise, prominent structural perturbations were caused by the compound across the functional domains of the proteins. More so, MMC induced systematic alterations in the binding of the catalytic nucleotide and amino acid substrates which culminated in the loss of key interactions with key active site residues and ultimate reduction in the nucleotide-binding affinities across all proteins, as deduced from the binding energy calculations. These altogether confirmed that MMC uniformly disrupted the structure of the target proteins and essential substrates. Further, MMC demonstrated IC50 5 μM against the Dd2 and 3D7 strains of parasite making it a good starting point for malarial drug development. We believe that findings from our study will be important in the current search for highly effective multi-stage antimalarial drugs.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Olotu, Fisayo , Tchatat Tali, Mariscal Brice , Chepsiror, Curtis , Sheik Amamuddy, Olivier , Boyom,Fabrice Fekam , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473661 , vital:77670 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC127052
- Description: Plasmodium falciparum aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (PfaaRSs) are potent antimalarial targets essential for proteome fidelity and overall parasite survival in every stage of the parasite's life cycle. So far, some of these proteins have been singly targeted yielding inhibitor compounds that have been limited by incidences of resistance which can be overcome via pan-inhibition strategies. Hence, herein, for the first time, we report the identification and in vitro antiplasmodial validation of Mitomycin (MMC) as a probable pan-inhibitor of class 1a (arginyl(A)-, cysteinyl(C), isoleucyl(I)-, leucyl(L), methionyl(M), and valyl(V)-) PfaaRSs which hypothetically may underlie its previously reported activity on the ribosomal RNA to inhibit protein translation and biosynthesis. We combined multiple in silico structure-based discovery strategies that first helped identify functional and druggable sites that were preferentially targeted by the compound in each of the plasmodial proteins: Ins1-Ins2 domain in Pf-ARS; anticodon binding domain in Pf-CRS; CP1-editing domain in Pf-IRS and Pf-MRS; C-terminal domain in Pf-LRS; and CP-core region in Pf-VRS. Molecular dynamics studies further revealed that MMC allosterically induced changes in the global structures of each protein. Likewise, prominent structural perturbations were caused by the compound across the functional domains of the proteins. More so, MMC induced systematic alterations in the binding of the catalytic nucleotide and amino acid substrates which culminated in the loss of key interactions with key active site residues and ultimate reduction in the nucleotide-binding affinities across all proteins, as deduced from the binding energy calculations. These altogether confirmed that MMC uniformly disrupted the structure of the target proteins and essential substrates. Further, MMC demonstrated IC50 5 μM against the Dd2 and 3D7 strains of parasite making it a good starting point for malarial drug development. We believe that findings from our study will be important in the current search for highly effective multi-stage antimalarial drugs.
- Full Text:
Vulnerable Youth or Vulnerabilising Contexts? A Critical Review of Youth Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) Policies in Eastern and Southern Africa
- Lynch, Ingrid, Macleod, Catriona I, Chiweshe, Malvern T, Moore, Sarah A
- Authors: Lynch, Ingrid , Macleod, Catriona I , Chiweshe, Malvern T , Moore, Sarah A
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/461035 , vital:76075 , https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-024-01018-y
- Description: Policy decisions about young people’s sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) have far-reaching implications for their well-being. Few SRHR policies, however, focus specifically on youth. Rather, youth SRHR tends to be subsumed within national policies of Health, Youth, Education and Development Ministries, particularly in the Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) region, complicating an assessment of the overall state of youth SRHR policies. Given the fact that youth SRHR policies focus on a particular segment of the population—youth, teenagers or adolescents—how policies depict these subjects has implications for how policy objectives, programmes and interventions are conceptualised and the kind of sexual and reproductive health concerns that are prioritised.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Lynch, Ingrid , Macleod, Catriona I , Chiweshe, Malvern T , Moore, Sarah A
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/461035 , vital:76075 , https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-024-01018-y
- Description: Policy decisions about young people’s sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) have far-reaching implications for their well-being. Few SRHR policies, however, focus specifically on youth. Rather, youth SRHR tends to be subsumed within national policies of Health, Youth, Education and Development Ministries, particularly in the Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) region, complicating an assessment of the overall state of youth SRHR policies. Given the fact that youth SRHR policies focus on a particular segment of the population—youth, teenagers or adolescents—how policies depict these subjects has implications for how policy objectives, programmes and interventions are conceptualised and the kind of sexual and reproductive health concerns that are prioritised.
- Full Text:
Euendolithic Infestation of Mussel Shells Indirectly Improves the Thermal Buffering Offered by Mussel Beds to Associated Molluscs, but One Size Does Not Fit All
- Dievart, Alexia M, McQuaid, Christopher D, Zardi, Gerardo I, Nicastro, Katy R, Froneman, P William
- Authors: Dievart, Alexia M , McQuaid, Christopher D , Zardi, Gerardo I , Nicastro, Katy R , Froneman, P William
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/465754 , vital:76638 , https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020239
- Description: Mussel beds form important intertidal matrices that provide thermal buffering to associated invertebrate communities, especially under stressful environmental conditions. Mussel shells are often colonized by photoautotrophic euendoliths, which have indirect conditional beneficial thermoregulatory effects on both solitary and aggregated mussels by increasing the albedo of the shell. We investigated whether euendolithic infestation of artificial mussel beds (Perna perna) influences the body temperatures of four associated mollusc species during simulated periods of emersion, using shell temperature obtained via non-invasive infrared thermography as a proxy.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dievart, Alexia M , McQuaid, Christopher D , Zardi, Gerardo I , Nicastro, Katy R , Froneman, P William
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/465754 , vital:76638 , https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020239
- Description: Mussel beds form important intertidal matrices that provide thermal buffering to associated invertebrate communities, especially under stressful environmental conditions. Mussel shells are often colonized by photoautotrophic euendoliths, which have indirect conditional beneficial thermoregulatory effects on both solitary and aggregated mussels by increasing the albedo of the shell. We investigated whether euendolithic infestation of artificial mussel beds (Perna perna) influences the body temperatures of four associated mollusc species during simulated periods of emersion, using shell temperature obtained via non-invasive infrared thermography as a proxy.
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Caves, crevices and cooling capacity roost microclimate predicts heat tolerance in bats
- Czenze, Zenon J, Smit, Ben, van Jaarsveld, Barry, Freeman, Marc T, McKechnie, Andrew
- Authors: Czenze, Zenon J , Smit, Ben , van Jaarsveld, Barry , Freeman, Marc T , McKechnie, Andrew
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/441571 , vital:73899 , https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13918
- Description: The microsites that animals occupy during the rest phase of their circa-dian activity cycle influence their physiology and behaviour, but relative-ly few studies have examined correlations between interspecific varia-tion in thermal physiology and roost microclimate. Among bats, there is some evidence that species exposed to high roost temperatures (Troost) possess greater heat tolerance and evaporative cooling capacity, but the small number of species for which both thermal physiology and roost microclimate data exist mean that the generality of this pattern remains unclear.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Czenze, Zenon J , Smit, Ben , van Jaarsveld, Barry , Freeman, Marc T , McKechnie, Andrew
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/441571 , vital:73899 , https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13918
- Description: The microsites that animals occupy during the rest phase of their circa-dian activity cycle influence their physiology and behaviour, but relative-ly few studies have examined correlations between interspecific varia-tion in thermal physiology and roost microclimate. Among bats, there is some evidence that species exposed to high roost temperatures (Troost) possess greater heat tolerance and evaporative cooling capacity, but the small number of species for which both thermal physiology and roost microclimate data exist mean that the generality of this pattern remains unclear.
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Social, ethical and cultural responsibility as core values for doctoral researchers in the 21st century
- Chiappa, Roxana, Cantini, Danielle, Karakasoglu, Yasemin, Manathunga, Catherine, Peters, Christian, Scholz, Beate, Yarar, Betul
- Authors: Chiappa, Roxana , Cantini, Danielle , Karakasoglu, Yasemin , Manathunga, Catherine , Peters, Christian , Scholz, Beate , Yarar, Betul
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/434515 , vital:73072 , ISBN 9781800080218 , 10.14324/111.9781800080188
- Description: With the dramatic events of a global pandemic, the beginning of the twenty-first century’s third decade has underlined that the world is facing universal challenges. The worldwide crisis scenario that COVID-19 has produced makes us realise that science and research do not function and operate in an independent sphere hidden within the proverbial ivory tower, but, on the contrary, are closely linked to the social, cultural and political systems they reside in. This creates opportunities and great tensions and, while exploring those, Chapter 9 connects to and builds on most of the dimensions described in the previous sections of the book. We refer primarily to Hannover Recommendations 1 and 7: 1. Establish a global joint value system for doctoral education based on an ecology of knowledges which recognises and seeks to overcome existing inequalities in the access to doctoral education and the provision of knowledge. 7. The pivotal goal of doctoral education must be and remain the development of original, responsible, and ethical thinkers, and the generation of new and original ideas and knowledge.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Chiappa, Roxana , Cantini, Danielle , Karakasoglu, Yasemin , Manathunga, Catherine , Peters, Christian , Scholz, Beate , Yarar, Betul
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/434515 , vital:73072 , ISBN 9781800080218 , 10.14324/111.9781800080188
- Description: With the dramatic events of a global pandemic, the beginning of the twenty-first century’s third decade has underlined that the world is facing universal challenges. The worldwide crisis scenario that COVID-19 has produced makes us realise that science and research do not function and operate in an independent sphere hidden within the proverbial ivory tower, but, on the contrary, are closely linked to the social, cultural and political systems they reside in. This creates opportunities and great tensions and, while exploring those, Chapter 9 connects to and builds on most of the dimensions described in the previous sections of the book. We refer primarily to Hannover Recommendations 1 and 7: 1. Establish a global joint value system for doctoral education based on an ecology of knowledges which recognises and seeks to overcome existing inequalities in the access to doctoral education and the provision of knowledge. 7. The pivotal goal of doctoral education must be and remain the development of original, responsible, and ethical thinkers, and the generation of new and original ideas and knowledge.
- Full Text:
Socio-ecological Justice Informed Curriculum: Inquiry Transformative Potentials of Critical Water Pedagogy
- Authors: James, Anna
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/436159 , vital:73231 , ISBN 978-3-030-84510-0 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84510-0_5
- Description: This paper brings water education, critical pedagogy, and environmental learning into dialogue for the purposes of ar-ticulating some tensions and openings toward a critical envi-ronmental pedagogy that is asked of us in contexts of the Global South. Against this backdrop, I present a pedagogical framework for a socio-ecological school’s audit which seeks to bring to life the possibility of merging environmental and social movement knowledge. Drawing on the threads of transformative potential from literature on water education projects situated in South Africa, I offer a framework for en-gaging with water as socio-ecological phenomena that re-spond to multiple experiences and the urgency of knowing and shifting our structural relationship to water.
- Full Text:
- Authors: James, Anna
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/436159 , vital:73231 , ISBN 978-3-030-84510-0 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84510-0_5
- Description: This paper brings water education, critical pedagogy, and environmental learning into dialogue for the purposes of ar-ticulating some tensions and openings toward a critical envi-ronmental pedagogy that is asked of us in contexts of the Global South. Against this backdrop, I present a pedagogical framework for a socio-ecological school’s audit which seeks to bring to life the possibility of merging environmental and social movement knowledge. Drawing on the threads of transformative potential from literature on water education projects situated in South Africa, I offer a framework for en-gaging with water as socio-ecological phenomena that re-spond to multiple experiences and the urgency of knowing and shifting our structural relationship to water.
- Full Text:
The legacy of colonial and apartheid eras on the distribution, composition and representation of street trees in South Africa
- Shackleton, Charlie M, Gwedla, Nananmhla, Davoren, Elandrie
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M , Gwedla, Nananmhla , Davoren, Elandrie
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/433984 , vital:73017 , ISBN 9781003054672 , https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003054672
- Description: South Africa is a country of social, economic and racial contrasts and inequities, the roots of which can be traced back to the colonial and the post-colonial, racist apartheid periods. During these periods, urban black South Africans were restricted to living in specifically designated neighbourhoods apart from white citizens. These areas became characterised by institutionalised underdevelopment, insufficient infrastructure, limited opportunities and deep poverty. Despite the democratic transition in the mid-1990s, the imprints of the previous institutionalised segregation remain visible in many facets of the spatial geography of South African towns and cities. The legacies of colonialism and apartheid remain strongly expressed in street trees in terms of where they are found in the urban areas (i.e. very few in the former black neighbourhoods) and the provenance of prevalent species (mostly non-native species in older areas). Similarities to and reproduction of colonial approaches are evident in even contemporary initiatives such as the national social housing programme, the national Champion Trees inventory and the naming of streets after non-native species. This has translated into apathy or antagonism towards street trees in some regions by officials and the public.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M , Gwedla, Nananmhla , Davoren, Elandrie
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/433984 , vital:73017 , ISBN 9781003054672 , https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003054672
- Description: South Africa is a country of social, economic and racial contrasts and inequities, the roots of which can be traced back to the colonial and the post-colonial, racist apartheid periods. During these periods, urban black South Africans were restricted to living in specifically designated neighbourhoods apart from white citizens. These areas became characterised by institutionalised underdevelopment, insufficient infrastructure, limited opportunities and deep poverty. Despite the democratic transition in the mid-1990s, the imprints of the previous institutionalised segregation remain visible in many facets of the spatial geography of South African towns and cities. The legacies of colonialism and apartheid remain strongly expressed in street trees in terms of where they are found in the urban areas (i.e. very few in the former black neighbourhoods) and the provenance of prevalent species (mostly non-native species in older areas). Similarities to and reproduction of colonial approaches are evident in even contemporary initiatives such as the national social housing programme, the national Champion Trees inventory and the naming of streets after non-native species. This has translated into apathy or antagonism towards street trees in some regions by officials and the public.
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Why Doctoral Education is a Place to be Committed to Social Justice: From Argument to Practice
- Nerad, Mareis, Chiappa, Roxana
- Authors: Nerad, Mareis , Chiappa, Roxana
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/434529 , vital:73073 , ISBN 978-981-16-9048-8 , https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-16-9049-5_9
- Description: Doctoral education is the last formal step in a globally accepted higher education certification scheme. It has the formal responsibility of educating the next generation of scholars. This unique role gives doctoral education programs access to people who have, or will have, authority about specific subjects and would be able to make changes that contribute to socially just practices. This chapter is the beginning of an investigative journey to demonstrate that such changes can be executed not only in the research agenda but also in the doctorate research training processes—the research-training ecosystem itself. Using a few examples, we explain how a social justice approach can be used to scrutinize processes of doctoral recruitment and admission, preparation of doctoral candidates for the workplace, and pedagogical decisions exerted throughout the doctorate program. Particularly, in our current era of rising nationalist governments, an alarming environmental crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic raging, we argue that doctoral education can play a critical role of making visible and questioning the norms and values that (re)produce inequity and exclusion in society at the local, national, and global levels.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nerad, Mareis , Chiappa, Roxana
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/434529 , vital:73073 , ISBN 978-981-16-9048-8 , https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-16-9049-5_9
- Description: Doctoral education is the last formal step in a globally accepted higher education certification scheme. It has the formal responsibility of educating the next generation of scholars. This unique role gives doctoral education programs access to people who have, or will have, authority about specific subjects and would be able to make changes that contribute to socially just practices. This chapter is the beginning of an investigative journey to demonstrate that such changes can be executed not only in the research agenda but also in the doctorate research training processes—the research-training ecosystem itself. Using a few examples, we explain how a social justice approach can be used to scrutinize processes of doctoral recruitment and admission, preparation of doctoral candidates for the workplace, and pedagogical decisions exerted throughout the doctorate program. Particularly, in our current era of rising nationalist governments, an alarming environmental crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic raging, we argue that doctoral education can play a critical role of making visible and questioning the norms and values that (re)produce inequity and exclusion in society at the local, national, and global levels.
- Full Text:
An Exploration of what Grade 7 Natural Sciences Teachers Know, Believe and Say about Biodiversity and the Teaching of Biodiversity
- Isaacs, Dorelle, Olvitt, Lausanne L
- Authors: Isaacs, Dorelle , Olvitt, Lausanne L
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/435153 , vital:73134 , ISBN 9781928502241 , https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/64082
- Description: This chapter shares the findings of a small-scale qualitative research project that investigated what three Grade 7 Natural Sciences teachers know, believe and say about biodiversity (Isaacs 2016). The study was sparked by the researcher’s interest in environmental learning and the importance of school curricula in preparing children to take care of their local and global environments. Biodiversity refers to Earth’s rich variety of plants and animals. It has been described as ‘the complex web of life’that includes diversity at genetic, species and ecosystem levels (Gurr et al. 2012: 4). The concept came to prominence in 1992 when the United Nations’ Convention on Biological Diversity defined biological diversity as ‘the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems’(United Nations 1992: Article 2).
- Full Text:
- Authors: Isaacs, Dorelle , Olvitt, Lausanne L
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/435153 , vital:73134 , ISBN 9781928502241 , https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/64082
- Description: This chapter shares the findings of a small-scale qualitative research project that investigated what three Grade 7 Natural Sciences teachers know, believe and say about biodiversity (Isaacs 2016). The study was sparked by the researcher’s interest in environmental learning and the importance of school curricula in preparing children to take care of their local and global environments. Biodiversity refers to Earth’s rich variety of plants and animals. It has been described as ‘the complex web of life’that includes diversity at genetic, species and ecosystem levels (Gurr et al. 2012: 4). The concept came to prominence in 1992 when the United Nations’ Convention on Biological Diversity defined biological diversity as ‘the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems’(United Nations 1992: Article 2).
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Developing Teacher Capabilities and Valued Functionings in Professional Learning Communities: Focus on Environmental Content Knowledge in Natural Sciences
- Thomas, Kgomotso, Songqwaru, Zintle
- Authors: Thomas, Kgomotso , Songqwaru, Zintle
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/435234 , vital:73140 , ISBN 9781928502241 , https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/64082
- Description: This study explored how professional learning communities can contribute to the development of teachers’ capabilities and the achievement of their valued functionings related to teaching environmental content knowledge in the ‘Life and Living’ strand of Grade 8 Natural Sciences (NS). This is in the context of the Natural Sciences Curriculum Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) which is strongly content-referenced and is committed to learning approaches that are active and critical, and to environment and sustainability content knowledge (Lotz-Sisitka 2011). The integration of environmental education in the school’s curriculum is of significance as it addresses global and local environmental issues by preparing and actively involving learners in the planning, improvement and protection of the environment for the future (Unesco 2012). The successful implementation of CAPS requires that teachers attain necessary subject content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for the integration of environment and sustainability concerns into the South African National Curriculum (Lotz-Sisitka 2011). Teachers are also required to have the requisite skills to implement pedagogical approaches that support environmental education.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Thomas, Kgomotso , Songqwaru, Zintle
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/435234 , vital:73140 , ISBN 9781928502241 , https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/64082
- Description: This study explored how professional learning communities can contribute to the development of teachers’ capabilities and the achievement of their valued functionings related to teaching environmental content knowledge in the ‘Life and Living’ strand of Grade 8 Natural Sciences (NS). This is in the context of the Natural Sciences Curriculum Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) which is strongly content-referenced and is committed to learning approaches that are active and critical, and to environment and sustainability content knowledge (Lotz-Sisitka 2011). The integration of environmental education in the school’s curriculum is of significance as it addresses global and local environmental issues by preparing and actively involving learners in the planning, improvement and protection of the environment for the future (Unesco 2012). The successful implementation of CAPS requires that teachers attain necessary subject content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for the integration of environment and sustainability concerns into the South African National Curriculum (Lotz-Sisitka 2011). Teachers are also required to have the requisite skills to implement pedagogical approaches that support environmental education.
- Full Text:
Urban birds in the Eastern Cape: local observations from Makhanda (Grahamstown) and future questions
- Craig, Adrian J F K, Hulley, Patrick E, Mullins, R Lorraine G
- Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K , Hulley, Patrick E , Mullins, R Lorraine G
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/449580 , vital:74831 , https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2020.1816585
- Description: In Makhanda (Grahamstown), a non-industrial town with approximately 85 000 inhabitants, we have recorded 174 bird species within the urban area, of which 104 species are likely to breed regularly. The source habitats of these birds include all the surrounding habitat types, and the bird community is evidently determined by both local conditions within the town (e.g. tree density) and regional changes affecting the eastern coast of South Africa (range shifts). Topics meriting future research on urban bird communities in South Africa are highlighted.
- Full Text:
Urban birds in the Eastern Cape: local observations from Makhanda (Grahamstown) and future questions
- Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K , Hulley, Patrick E , Mullins, R Lorraine G
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/449580 , vital:74831 , https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2020.1816585
- Description: In Makhanda (Grahamstown), a non-industrial town with approximately 85 000 inhabitants, we have recorded 174 bird species within the urban area, of which 104 species are likely to breed regularly. The source habitats of these birds include all the surrounding habitat types, and the bird community is evidently determined by both local conditions within the town (e.g. tree density) and regional changes affecting the eastern coast of South Africa (range shifts). Topics meriting future research on urban bird communities in South Africa are highlighted.
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An update on the indigenous vascular flora of sub-Antarctic Marion Island: taxonomic changes, sequences for DNA barcode loci, and genome size data
- Chau, John H, Mtsi, Nasipi I S, Münbergová, Zuzana, Greve, Michelle, le Roux, Peter C, Mairal, Mario, Le Roux, Johannes J, Dorrington, Rosemary A, van Vuuren, Bettine
- Authors: Chau, John H , Mtsi, Nasipi I S , Münbergová, Zuzana , Greve, Michelle , le Roux, Peter C , Mairal, Mario , Le Roux, Johannes J , Dorrington, Rosemary A , van Vuuren, Bettine
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/160344 , vital:40437 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1007/s00300-020-02747-7
- Description: The flora of sub-Antarctic Marion Island forms part of the unique South Indian Ocean Biogeographic Province, and is under threat from climate change and invasive species. Current information on the flora is necessary to rapidly identify and manage future changes. We conducted a literature search on the taxonomy of indigenous vascular plant species on Marion Island and found nomenclatural changes following taxonomic revisions for Austroblechnum penna-marina (Poir.) Gasper and V.A.O.Dittrich, Carex dikei (Nelmes) K.L.Wilson, Leptinella plumosa Hook.f., Notogrammitis crassior (Kirk) Parris, Phlegmariurus saururus (Lam.) B.Øllg., and Polypogon magellanicus (Lam.) Finot. Additionally, Ranunculus moseleyi Hook.f. was removed from our species checklist due to its long absence in floristic surveys, leaving 21 species in the indigenous vascular plant flora present on Marion Island. We also amplified and sequenced the universal plant barcoding loci rbcL and matK for 19 and 13 species, respectively, and found that ample interspecific genetic distance and minimal intraspecific genetic distance allowed for easy discrimination between species.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Chau, John H , Mtsi, Nasipi I S , Münbergová, Zuzana , Greve, Michelle , le Roux, Peter C , Mairal, Mario , Le Roux, Johannes J , Dorrington, Rosemary A , van Vuuren, Bettine
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/160344 , vital:40437 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1007/s00300-020-02747-7
- Description: The flora of sub-Antarctic Marion Island forms part of the unique South Indian Ocean Biogeographic Province, and is under threat from climate change and invasive species. Current information on the flora is necessary to rapidly identify and manage future changes. We conducted a literature search on the taxonomy of indigenous vascular plant species on Marion Island and found nomenclatural changes following taxonomic revisions for Austroblechnum penna-marina (Poir.) Gasper and V.A.O.Dittrich, Carex dikei (Nelmes) K.L.Wilson, Leptinella plumosa Hook.f., Notogrammitis crassior (Kirk) Parris, Phlegmariurus saururus (Lam.) B.Øllg., and Polypogon magellanicus (Lam.) Finot. Additionally, Ranunculus moseleyi Hook.f. was removed from our species checklist due to its long absence in floristic surveys, leaving 21 species in the indigenous vascular plant flora present on Marion Island. We also amplified and sequenced the universal plant barcoding loci rbcL and matK for 19 and 13 species, respectively, and found that ample interspecific genetic distance and minimal intraspecific genetic distance allowed for easy discrimination between species.
- Full Text:
Charlie Hebdo as a critical event in a secondary school: Muslim students’ complex positioning in relation to the attack
- Tize, Carola, Berckmoes, Lidewyde, de Jong, Joop, Reis, Ria
- Authors: Tize, Carola , Berckmoes, Lidewyde , de Jong, Joop , Reis, Ria
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/156400 , vital:39986 , DOI: 10.1177/1363461520903814
- Description: This paper examines responses to the 2015 terror attack on Charlie Hebdo, a French satirical magazine, amongst students in a secondary school in Berlin-Neukölln, Germany. The Charlie Hebdo attack occurred in the final weeks of a 19-month ethnographic study in the community. By analyzing the responses in the school to this critical event, we identify what is at stake for Muslim students.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Tize, Carola , Berckmoes, Lidewyde , de Jong, Joop , Reis, Ria
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/156400 , vital:39986 , DOI: 10.1177/1363461520903814
- Description: This paper examines responses to the 2015 terror attack on Charlie Hebdo, a French satirical magazine, amongst students in a secondary school in Berlin-Neukölln, Germany. The Charlie Hebdo attack occurred in the final weeks of a 19-month ethnographic study in the community. By analyzing the responses in the school to this critical event, we identify what is at stake for Muslim students.
- Full Text:
Coastal engineers embrace nature: characterizing the metamorphosis in hydraulic engineering in terms of Four Continua
- Slinger, Jill H, Vreugdenhil, Heleen S I
- Authors: Slinger, Jill H , Vreugdenhil, Heleen S I
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163846 , vital:41076 , https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092504
- Description: Hydraulic engineering infrastructures, such as reservoirs, dikes, breakwaters, and inlet closures, have significantly impacted ecosystem functioning over the last two centuries. Currently, nature-based solutions are receiving increasing attention in hydraulic engineering projects and research programs. However, there is a lack of reflection on the concomitant, fundamental changes occurring in the field of hydraulic engineering, and coastal engineering in particular, and what this could mean for sustainability. In this article, we signal the shift from conventional to ecosystem-based hydraulic engineering design and characterize this in terms of four continua: (i) the degree of inclusion of ecological knowledge, (ii) the extent to which the full infrastructural lifecycle is addressed, (iii) the complexity of the actor arena taken into account, and (iv) the resulting form of the infrastructural artefact. We support our arguments with two carefully selected, iconic examples from the Netherlands and indicate how the stretching ideals of ecosystem-based engineering could engender further shifts towards sustainability.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Slinger, Jill H , Vreugdenhil, Heleen S I
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/163846 , vital:41076 , https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092504
- Description: Hydraulic engineering infrastructures, such as reservoirs, dikes, breakwaters, and inlet closures, have significantly impacted ecosystem functioning over the last two centuries. Currently, nature-based solutions are receiving increasing attention in hydraulic engineering projects and research programs. However, there is a lack of reflection on the concomitant, fundamental changes occurring in the field of hydraulic engineering, and coastal engineering in particular, and what this could mean for sustainability. In this article, we signal the shift from conventional to ecosystem-based hydraulic engineering design and characterize this in terms of four continua: (i) the degree of inclusion of ecological knowledge, (ii) the extent to which the full infrastructural lifecycle is addressed, (iii) the complexity of the actor arena taken into account, and (iv) the resulting form of the infrastructural artefact. We support our arguments with two carefully selected, iconic examples from the Netherlands and indicate how the stretching ideals of ecosystem-based engineering could engender further shifts towards sustainability.
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Cyber Security Responsibilization: an evaluation of the intervention approaches adopted by the Five Eyes Countries and China
- Renaud, Karen, Orgeron, Craig, Warkentin, Merrill, French, P Edward
- Authors: Renaud, Karen , Orgeron, Craig , Warkentin, Merrill , French, P Edward
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/149806 , vital:38885 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1111/puar.13210
- Description: Governments can intervene to a greater or lesser extent in managing the risks that citizens face. They can adopt a maximal intervention approach (e .g. COVID‐19) or a hands‐off approach (e .g ., unemployment) , effectively “responsibilizing” their citizens. To manage the cyber risk, governments publish cyber‐related policies. This article examines the intervention stances the governments adopt in supporting individual citizens managing their personal cyber risk. The authors pinpoint the cyber‐related responsibilities that several governments espouse, applying a “responsibilization” analysis. Those applying to citizens are identified, thereby revealing the governments' cyber‐related intervention stance. The analysis reveals that most governments adopt a minimal cyber‐related intervention stance in supporting their citizens. Given the increasing number of successful cyber attacks on individuals, it seems time for the consequences of this stance to be acknowledged and reconsidered. The authors argue that governments should support individual citizens more effectively in dealing with cyber threats.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Renaud, Karen , Orgeron, Craig , Warkentin, Merrill , French, P Edward
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/149806 , vital:38885 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1111/puar.13210
- Description: Governments can intervene to a greater or lesser extent in managing the risks that citizens face. They can adopt a maximal intervention approach (e .g. COVID‐19) or a hands‐off approach (e .g ., unemployment) , effectively “responsibilizing” their citizens. To manage the cyber risk, governments publish cyber‐related policies. This article examines the intervention stances the governments adopt in supporting individual citizens managing their personal cyber risk. The authors pinpoint the cyber‐related responsibilities that several governments espouse, applying a “responsibilization” analysis. Those applying to citizens are identified, thereby revealing the governments' cyber‐related intervention stance. The analysis reveals that most governments adopt a minimal cyber‐related intervention stance in supporting their citizens. Given the increasing number of successful cyber attacks on individuals, it seems time for the consequences of this stance to be acknowledged and reconsidered. The authors argue that governments should support individual citizens more effectively in dealing with cyber threats.
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Detection of pharmaceutical residues in surface waters of the Eastern Cape Province:
- Vumazonke, Sesethu, Khamanga, Sandile M, Ngqwala, Nosiphiwe P
- Authors: Vumazonke, Sesethu , Khamanga, Sandile M , Ngqwala, Nosiphiwe P
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/149693 , vital:38875 , https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114067
- Description: Pharmaceuticals are emerging contaminants in the aquatic environments. Their presence poses toxicological effects in humans and animals even at trace concentrations. This study investigated the presence of antibiotics, anti-epilepsy and anti-inflammatory drugs in river water of selected rivers in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for screening of sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones antibiotics. The samples were collected in upper-stream, middle-stream and lower-stream regions of the rivers and effluent of selected wastewater treatment plants. Pre-concentration of the samples was conducted using lyophilisation and extraction was conducted using solid phase extraction (SPE) on Waters Oasis hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced cartridge.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Vumazonke, Sesethu , Khamanga, Sandile M , Ngqwala, Nosiphiwe P
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/149693 , vital:38875 , https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114067
- Description: Pharmaceuticals are emerging contaminants in the aquatic environments. Their presence poses toxicological effects in humans and animals even at trace concentrations. This study investigated the presence of antibiotics, anti-epilepsy and anti-inflammatory drugs in river water of selected rivers in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for screening of sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones antibiotics. The samples were collected in upper-stream, middle-stream and lower-stream regions of the rivers and effluent of selected wastewater treatment plants. Pre-concentration of the samples was conducted using lyophilisation and extraction was conducted using solid phase extraction (SPE) on Waters Oasis hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced cartridge.
- Full Text:
Effect of drought on communal livestock farmers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa:
- Vetter, S, Goodall, V L, Alcock, R
- Authors: Vetter, S , Goodall, V L , Alcock, R
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/179006 , vital:40105 , https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2020.1738552
- Description: Despite the size of the informal small-scale farming sector and its livestock holdings in South Africa, there has been little detailed work to assess how livestock populations are affected by drought. South Africa experienced a major drought in 2015–2016. We analysed goat and cattle census data from the Msinga area in KwaZulu-Natal, which represent the livestock of some 3 000 households. Cattle farmers in the study area lost 43% of the herd, compared with 29% for goats, in 2015–2016. Three years after the drought, cattle numbers remained depressed, whereas goat numbers had recovered. Larger herds suffered lower mortality rates, suggesting that owners of larger herds had better means to support their herds. Support to reduce drought losses and aid recovery should take into consideration the different capabilities and requirements of small and large herd owners. Effects of high stocking rates and resource condition on mortality and herd growth were apparent during the drought year of 2016, but not the other years. Most die-offs appear to have been concentrated in a short period once forage and water resources became too scarce and far to reach. Recognising when this threshold is imminent would be useful for targeting strategic interventions.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Vetter, S , Goodall, V L , Alcock, R
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/179006 , vital:40105 , https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2020.1738552
- Description: Despite the size of the informal small-scale farming sector and its livestock holdings in South Africa, there has been little detailed work to assess how livestock populations are affected by drought. South Africa experienced a major drought in 2015–2016. We analysed goat and cattle census data from the Msinga area in KwaZulu-Natal, which represent the livestock of some 3 000 households. Cattle farmers in the study area lost 43% of the herd, compared with 29% for goats, in 2015–2016. Three years after the drought, cattle numbers remained depressed, whereas goat numbers had recovered. Larger herds suffered lower mortality rates, suggesting that owners of larger herds had better means to support their herds. Support to reduce drought losses and aid recovery should take into consideration the different capabilities and requirements of small and large herd owners. Effects of high stocking rates and resource condition on mortality and herd growth were apparent during the drought year of 2016, but not the other years. Most die-offs appear to have been concentrated in a short period once forage and water resources became too scarce and far to reach. Recognising when this threshold is imminent would be useful for targeting strategic interventions.
- Full Text:
Fertility, childbirth and parenting Defining sexual and gender relations
- Macleod, Catriona I, Morison, Tracy
- Authors: Macleod, Catriona I , Morison, Tracy
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/434112 , vital:73032 , ISBN 9781108460903 , https://biblio.co.uk/book/cambridge-handbook-international-psychology-women-fan-ny/d/1521282285?aid=frggad_source=1gclid=CjwKCAjwz42xBhB9EiwA48pT70yXdV4oAp4StC49UDVfIuCISAVjZGdeibEiPkf_CNtGgog6bJ7iDxoCgSIQAvD_BwE
- Description: Major historical shifts in the field of fertility, childbirth and parenting have implications for feminist psychologists working on these topics. These shifts include approaches to sexuality and reproduction: a population control emphasis in the late 1940s, a reproductive rights paradigm in the 1990s, and progression from reproductive rights to reproductive justice. Feminist psychologists must traverse the political landscape created by these broad approaches. In this chapter, we suggest ways in which such engagement may be facilitated through examination of mainstream assumptions and outcomes and the use of nuanced feminist research. Drawing from transnational feminisms, the principles of reproductive justice, and examples of research and interventions in reproductive decisionmaking, abortion, obstetric violence, ‘deviant’ (m)others, early reproduction and contraception, we argue that feminist psychology should attend to both global and crosscutting power relations concerning fertility and reproduction, as well as localised dynamics.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Macleod, Catriona I , Morison, Tracy
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/434112 , vital:73032 , ISBN 9781108460903 , https://biblio.co.uk/book/cambridge-handbook-international-psychology-women-fan-ny/d/1521282285?aid=frggad_source=1gclid=CjwKCAjwz42xBhB9EiwA48pT70yXdV4oAp4StC49UDVfIuCISAVjZGdeibEiPkf_CNtGgog6bJ7iDxoCgSIQAvD_BwE
- Description: Major historical shifts in the field of fertility, childbirth and parenting have implications for feminist psychologists working on these topics. These shifts include approaches to sexuality and reproduction: a population control emphasis in the late 1940s, a reproductive rights paradigm in the 1990s, and progression from reproductive rights to reproductive justice. Feminist psychologists must traverse the political landscape created by these broad approaches. In this chapter, we suggest ways in which such engagement may be facilitated through examination of mainstream assumptions and outcomes and the use of nuanced feminist research. Drawing from transnational feminisms, the principles of reproductive justice, and examples of research and interventions in reproductive decisionmaking, abortion, obstetric violence, ‘deviant’ (m)others, early reproduction and contraception, we argue that feminist psychology should attend to both global and crosscutting power relations concerning fertility and reproduction, as well as localised dynamics.
- Full Text:
First candidates for γ vibrational bands built on the [505] 11/2− neutron orbital in odd-A Dy isotopes:
- Majola, S N T, Sithole, M A, Mdletshe, L, Hartley, D, Timár, J, Nyakó, B M, Allmond, J M, Bark, R A, Beausang, C, Bianco, L, Bucher, T D, Bvumbi, S P, Carpenter, M P, Chiara, C J, Cooper, N, Cullen, D M, Curien, D, Dinoko, T S, Gall, B J P, Garrett, P E, Greenlees, P T, Hirvonen, J, Jakobsson, U, Jones, P M, Julin, R, Juutinen, S, Ketelhut, S, Keswa, B V, Kondev, F G, Korichi, A, Kulp, W D, Lauritsen, T, Lawrie, E A, Makhathini, L, Masiteng, P L, Maqabuka, B, McCutchan, E A, Miller, D, Miller, S, Minkova, A, Msebi, L, Mthembu, S H, Ndayishmiye, J, Nieminen, P, Ngcobo, P Z, Ntshamgase, S S, Orce, J N, Peura, P, Rahkila, P, Redon, N, Riedinger, L L, Riley, M A, Roux, D G, Ruotsalainen, P, Piot, J, Saren, J, Sharpey-Schafer, J F, Scholey, C, Shirinda, O, Simpson, J, Sorri, J, Stefansecu, I, Stolze, S, Uusitalo, J, Wang, X, Werner, V, Wood, J L, Yu, C-H, Zhu, S, Zimba, G
- Authors: Majola, S N T , Sithole, M A , Mdletshe, L , Hartley, D , Timár, J , Nyakó, B M , Allmond, J M , Bark, R A , Beausang, C , Bianco, L , Bucher, T D , Bvumbi, S P , Carpenter, M P , Chiara, C J , Cooper, N , Cullen, D M , Curien, D , Dinoko, T S , Gall, B J P , Garrett, P E , Greenlees, P T , Hirvonen, J , Jakobsson, U , Jones, P M , Julin, R , Juutinen, S , Ketelhut, S , Keswa, B V , Kondev, F G , Korichi, A , Kulp, W D , Lauritsen, T , Lawrie, E A , Makhathini, L , Masiteng, P L , Maqabuka, B , McCutchan, E A , Miller, D , Miller, S , Minkova, A , Msebi, L , Mthembu, S H , Ndayishmiye, J , Nieminen, P , Ngcobo, P Z , Ntshamgase, S S , Orce, J N , Peura, P , Rahkila, P , Redon, N , Riedinger, L L , Riley, M A , Roux, D G , Ruotsalainen, P , Piot, J , Saren, J , Sharpey-Schafer, J F , Scholey, C , Shirinda, O , Simpson, J , Sorri, J , Stefansecu, I , Stolze, S , Uusitalo, J , Wang, X , Werner, V , Wood, J L , Yu, C-H , Zhu, S , Zimba, G
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148827 , vital:38777 , https://0-journals.aps.org.wam.seals.ac.za/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.044312
- Description: Rotational structures have been measured using the Jurogam II and GAMMASPHERE arrays at low spin following the 155Gd(α,2n)157Dy and 148Nd(12C,5n)155Dy reactions at 25 and 65 MeV, respectively. We report high-K bands, which are conjectured to be the first candidates of a Kπ=2+γ vibrational band, built on the [505]11/2− neutron orbital, in both odd-A155,157Dy isotopes. The coupling of the first excited K=0+ states or the so-called β vibrational bands at 661 and 676 keV in 154Dy and 156Dy to the [505]11/2− orbital, to produce a Kπ=11/2− band, was not observed in both 155Dy and 157Dy, respectively. The implication of these findings on the interpretation of the first excited 0+ states in the core nuclei 154Dy and 156Dy are also discussed.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Majola, S N T , Sithole, M A , Mdletshe, L , Hartley, D , Timár, J , Nyakó, B M , Allmond, J M , Bark, R A , Beausang, C , Bianco, L , Bucher, T D , Bvumbi, S P , Carpenter, M P , Chiara, C J , Cooper, N , Cullen, D M , Curien, D , Dinoko, T S , Gall, B J P , Garrett, P E , Greenlees, P T , Hirvonen, J , Jakobsson, U , Jones, P M , Julin, R , Juutinen, S , Ketelhut, S , Keswa, B V , Kondev, F G , Korichi, A , Kulp, W D , Lauritsen, T , Lawrie, E A , Makhathini, L , Masiteng, P L , Maqabuka, B , McCutchan, E A , Miller, D , Miller, S , Minkova, A , Msebi, L , Mthembu, S H , Ndayishmiye, J , Nieminen, P , Ngcobo, P Z , Ntshamgase, S S , Orce, J N , Peura, P , Rahkila, P , Redon, N , Riedinger, L L , Riley, M A , Roux, D G , Ruotsalainen, P , Piot, J , Saren, J , Sharpey-Schafer, J F , Scholey, C , Shirinda, O , Simpson, J , Sorri, J , Stefansecu, I , Stolze, S , Uusitalo, J , Wang, X , Werner, V , Wood, J L , Yu, C-H , Zhu, S , Zimba, G
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148827 , vital:38777 , https://0-journals.aps.org.wam.seals.ac.za/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.044312
- Description: Rotational structures have been measured using the Jurogam II and GAMMASPHERE arrays at low spin following the 155Gd(α,2n)157Dy and 148Nd(12C,5n)155Dy reactions at 25 and 65 MeV, respectively. We report high-K bands, which are conjectured to be the first candidates of a Kπ=2+γ vibrational band, built on the [505]11/2− neutron orbital, in both odd-A155,157Dy isotopes. The coupling of the first excited K=0+ states or the so-called β vibrational bands at 661 and 676 keV in 154Dy and 156Dy to the [505]11/2− orbital, to produce a Kπ=11/2− band, was not observed in both 155Dy and 157Dy, respectively. The implication of these findings on the interpretation of the first excited 0+ states in the core nuclei 154Dy and 156Dy are also discussed.
- Full Text:
Flower orientation in Gloriosa superba (Colchicaceae) promotes cross-pollination via butterfly wings:
- Daniels, Ryan J, Johnson, Steven D, Peter, Craig I
- Authors: Daniels, Ryan J , Johnson, Steven D , Peter, Craig I
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/150141 , vital:38943 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1093/aob/mcaa048
- Description: Complex modifications of angiosperm flowers often function for precise pollen placement on pollinators and to promote cross-pollination. We explore the functional significance of the unusually elaborate morphology of Gloriosa superba flowers, which are divided into one hermaphrodite meranthium and five male meranthia (functional pollination units of a single flower). We used controlled pollination experiments, floral measurements, pollen load analyses and visitor observations in four populations of G. superba in South Africa to determine the breeding system, mechanism of pollination and role of flower in the promotion of cross-pollination.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Daniels, Ryan J , Johnson, Steven D , Peter, Craig I
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/150141 , vital:38943 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1093/aob/mcaa048
- Description: Complex modifications of angiosperm flowers often function for precise pollen placement on pollinators and to promote cross-pollination. We explore the functional significance of the unusually elaborate morphology of Gloriosa superba flowers, which are divided into one hermaphrodite meranthium and five male meranthia (functional pollination units of a single flower). We used controlled pollination experiments, floral measurements, pollen load analyses and visitor observations in four populations of G. superba in South Africa to determine the breeding system, mechanism of pollination and role of flower in the promotion of cross-pollination.
- Full Text: