List of Titles

SACCAWU - NSSC Secretariat Report & Bargaining conference resolutions

Authors: SACCAWU
Date: Oct 2007
Subjects: SACCAWU
Language: English
Type: text
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/113902 , vital:33843
Description: Comrades National Office Bearers of SACCAWU, leadership of the Company Council, distinguished guests & delegates to this Summit, we extend to you revolutionary greetings from the National Office Bearers of Shoprite Checkers, and the masses of Shoprite Checkers workers who are SACCAWU members. This gathering takes place exactly a year after our national strike. It also takes place after lot of significant gatherings of all the Alliance Partners i.e. COSATU Central Committee, SACP National Conference, ANC National Policy Conference, and on the home front, the SACCAWU National Bargaining Conference. It is the important that the deliberations in this gathering should look at all decisions taken during this significant event, the Bargaining Conference, and put them into practicality. This Secretariat Report will cover the activities since the National Shopstewards Council of June 2006 in Durban.
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Date Issued: Oct 2007

The thirtieth anniversary of the Soweto uprisings: reading the shadow in Sam Nzima's iconic photograph of Hector Pieterson

- Simbao, Ruth K

Authors: Simbao, Ruth K
Date: 2007
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/147536 , vital:38647 , https://doi.org/10.1162/afar.2007.40.2.52
Description: This haunting photograph (Fig. 1) from the 1976 Soweto Uprisings in South Africa is often referred to as the single most important photograph to emerge from the struggle against apartheid (Purtilo 1999:22). According to South African film director Feizel Mamdoo, there are particular moments in history that are defined by photographic, celluloid, or television images, such as the world famous photograph of the Saigon girl, naked and burning from napalm (Worsdale 1998; see also Richards 2001). He argues that the iconic photograph by Sam Nzima depicting Hector Pieterson being carried in the arms of Mbuyisa Makhubu, with his distraught sister Antionette1 running alongside, is comparable in the way that “it marks history, both social and personal” (Worsdale 1998).
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Date Issued: 2007

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An appraisal of the applicability of development journalism in the context of public service broadcasting

- Banda, Fackson

Authors: Banda, Fackson
Date: 2006
Language: English
Type: Conference paper
Identifier: vital:6322 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008548
Description: The concept of ‘development journalism’ has, over time, become possessed by demons of all sorts of confusion. If we want to wrest any useful principles from the concept, it is important that we exorcise the demons it has come to be associated with, not least the demon of the postcolonial state’s blatant interference in the practice of journalism. This ‘demonisation’ of the concept is partly suggested by Shah’s observation that ‘development journalism’, central to many discussions of mass communication and development in the Third World, needs to be reconceptualised because deliberations about its validity and usefulness have been bogged down in arguments structured by Western notions of press freedom. The debate has diverted attention from important questions about how journalism can contribute to participatory democracy, security, peace, and other humanistic values (Shah 1996: 143). In this paper, therefore, I will, firstly, discuss the conceptual basis of development journalism. I will rely heavily on development communication theorising, which informs most of the discussions about development journalism. I want to demonstrate the historical ‘moments’ through which the concept has passed and, by so doing, point out the more redeemable features of the concept. Secondly, I will discuss the relevance of the development journalism paradigm to public service broadcasting. In conclusion, I will draw out some principles of development journalism and demonstrate how these can be implemented within the context of public service broadcasting.
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Date Issued: 2006

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Codeswitching, borrowing and mixing in a corpus of Xhosa English

- De Klerk, Vivian A

Authors: De Klerk, Vivian A
Date: 2006
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:6130 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011582
Description: The paper analyses selected aspects of the codeswitching behaviour in a spoken corpus of the English of 326 people, all of them mother-tongue speakers of Xhosa (a local African language in South Africa), and all of whom would see themselves as Xhosa/English bilinguals. The corpus comprises approximately 550,000 transcribed words of spontaneous, relaxed, oral discourse in English between pairs of Xhosaspeaking interlocutors, discussing a wide range of topics. While the usual pattern in bilingual speech is to use the L1 as matrix language and the L2 as embedded language, in this corpus the opposite is the case, as interlocutors were interviewed in English (the L2). The corpus therefore offers a ‘mirror image’, in a sense, of normal codeswitching behaviour. Using Wordsmith (a concordancer programme), all incidences of codeswitching into Xhosa during these conversations were identified and analysed in an effort to reveal underlying patterns. Examination of the amount and nature of codeswitching in the corpus promised to throw some light on the extent to which participants are genuinely bilingual, in terms of their ability to converse comfortably in English.
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Date Issued: 2006

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Electrochemical properties of benzylmercapto and dodecylmercapto tetra substituted nickel phthalocyanine complexes: Electrocatalytic oxidation of nitrite

- Agboola, Bolade O, Ozoemena, Kenneth I, Nyokong, Tebello

Authors: Agboola, Bolade O , Ozoemena, Kenneth I , Nyokong, Tebello
Date: 2006
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:6562 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003826
Description: Nickel tetrakis(benzylmercapto)phthalocyanine (NiTBMPc) and nickel tetrakis(dodecylmercapto)phthalocyanine (NiTDMPc) complexes were synthesized and their spectral and electrochemical properties reported. The CV showed four or five redox processes for NiTBMPc and NiTDMPc, respectively. For the first time, spectroelectrochemistry gave evidence for the formation of NiII/NiI process in a NiPc complex. The rest of the processes were ring based. The NiTBMPc complex was successfully deposited on both gold and glassy carbon electrodes by electropolymerisation while NiTDMPc complex was deposited on gold electrode only. The films were electro-transformed in aqueous 0.1 M NaOH solution to the O–Ni–O oxo bridged form. The modified electrodes were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the results showed typical behavior for modified electrodes. Electrodes with poly-Ni(OH)Pcs films exhibited higher charge transfer resistance values, Rp than their corresponding poly-NiPcs films counterparts. All the modified electrodes showed improved catalytic activities than the unmodified electrodes towards nitrite ions electrooxidation. Better catalytic activities were observed for the modified electrodes when they were transformed to O–Ni–O oxo bridge form. All the modified electrodes exhibited high resistance to electrode surface passivation.
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Date Issued: 2006

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Estimating rainfall and water balance over the Okavango River Basin for hydrological applications

- Wilk, J, Kniveton, D, Andersson, L, Layberry, R, Todd, M C, Hughes, Denis A

Authors: Wilk, J , Kniveton, D , Andersson, L , Layberry, R , Todd, M C , Hughes, Denis A
Date: 2006
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:7084 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012343 , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.04.049
Description: A historical database for use in rainfall-runoff modeling of the Okavango River Basin in Southwest Africa is presented. The work has relevance for similar data-sparse regions. The parameters of main concern are rainfall and catchment water balance, which are key variables for subsequent studies of the hydrological impacts of development and climate change. Rainfall estimates are based on a combination of in situ gauges and satellite sources. Rain gauge measurements are most extensive from 1955 to 1972, after which they are drastically reduced due to the Angolan civil war. The sensitivity of the rainfall fields to spatial interpolation techniques and the density of gauges were evaluated. Satellite based rainfall estimates for the basin are developed for the period from 1991 onwards, based on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) datasets. The consistency between the gauges and satellite estimates was considered. A methodology was developed to allow calibration of the rainfall-runoff hydrological model against rain gauge data from 1960 to 1972, with the prerequisite that the model should be driven by satellite derived rainfall products from 1990 onwards. With the rain gauge data, addition of a single rainfall station (Longa) in regions where stations earlier were lacking was more important than the chosen interpolation method. Comparison of satellite and gauge rainfall outside the basin indicated that the satellite overestimates rainfall by 20%. A non-linear correction was derived by fitting the rainfall frequency characteristics to those of the historical rainfall data. This satellite rainfall dataset was found satisfactory when using the Pitman rainfall-runoff model (Hughes, D., Andersson, L., Wilk, J., Savenije, H.H.G., this issue. Regional calibration of the Pitman model for the Okavango River. Journal of Hydrology). Intensive monitoring in the region is recommended to increase accuracy of the comprehensive satellite rainfall estimate calibration procedure.
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Date Issued: 2006

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Repositioning Renaissance studies in South Africa: strategic thinking or 'business-as-usual

- Wright, Laurence

Authors: Wright, Laurence
Date: 2006
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:7054 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007415
Description: Increasingly, in many leading South African tertiary departments of literature, early modern studies have a fairly slim hold on the core curriculum. More and more, departmental offerings concentrate on nineteenth and twentieth century literature, perhaps in the belief either that today’s students are so poorly prepared that they will never be able to cope with the mental shifts necessary to appreciate pre-industrial literature and its language, or, worse, that nothing before the C19 colonial incursion into South Africa can really matter very much to undergraduates. Whatever the reason, in such departments, it is no longer possible to get to grips with the contribution of the renaissance to the formation of the modern world. The significance of the broader nomenclature, early modern studies, doesn’t appear to strike home, especially the point that, if students want to understand the world we live in, they have to know this period particularly well. Indeed, they need to have some idea of the interaction between early modern Europe and the literature and ideas of the ancient civilizations of Rome and Greece. If we fail them in this regard, as I believe we are doing to an increasing extent, the result will be generations of intellectual sleepwalkers, denizens of mental landscapes they are responding to, or ‘reading’, in terms of an inner life unaware of important historical continuities and disjunctions; cut off, moreover, from understanding essential features of modernity.
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Date Issued: 2006

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The thermal decomposition of copper (II) oxalate revisited

- Lamprecht, Emmanuel, Watkins, Gareth M, Brown, Michael E

Authors: Lamprecht, Emmanuel , Watkins, Gareth M , Brown, Michael E
Date: 2006
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:6577 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004140
Description: DSC, TG and TG-FT-IR, and XRPD have been used to examine the effects of supposedly inert atmospheres of argon and nitrogen on the mechanism of the thermal decomposition of copper(II) oxalate. The DSC curves in pure argon at 10 °C min[superscript −1] show a broad endotherm with onset at about 280 °C and maximum at about 295 °C. In mixtures of argon and nitrogen, as the proportion of argon gas is decreased, the endothermic character of the decomposition decreases until, when nitrogen is the main component, the decomposition exhibits a complex broad exothermic character. XRPD studies showed that, regardless of the proportions of nitrogen and argon, the DSC residues consisted of mainly copper metal with small amounts of copper(I) oxide (cuprite) and, under some conditions, traces of copper(II) oxide (tenorite). Various explanations for this behaviour are discussed and a possible answer lies in the disproportionation of CO[subscript 2](g) to form small quantities of O[subscript 2](g) or monatomic oxygen. The possibility exists that the exothermicity in nitrogen could be explained by reaction of the nitrogen with atomic oxygen to form N[subscript 2]O(g), but this product could not be detected using TG-FT-IR.
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Date Issued: 2006

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A fuzzy classification technique for predicting species' distributions: applications using invasive alien plants and indigenous insects

- Robertson, Mark P, Villet, Martin H, Palmer, Anthony R

Authors: Robertson, Mark P , Villet, Martin H , Palmer, Anthony R
Date: 2004
Language: English
Type: text , Article
Identifier: vital:6897 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011659 , http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1366-9516.2004.00108.x
Description: A new predictive modelling technique called the fuzzy envelope model (FEM) is introduced. The technique can be used to predict potential distributions of organisms using presence-only locality records and a set of environmental predictor variables. FEM uses fuzzy logic to classify a set of predictor variable maps based on the values associated with presence records and combines the results to produce a potential distribution map for a target species. This technique represents several refinements of the envelope approach used in the BIOCLIM modelling package. These refinements are related to the way in which FEMs deal with uncertainty, the way in which this uncertainty is represented in the resultant potential distribution maps, and the way that these maps can be interpreted and applied. To illustrate its potential use in biogeographical studies, FEM was applied to predicting the potential distribution of three invasive alien plant species (Lantana camara L., Ricinus communis L. and Solanum mauritianum Scop.), and three native cicada species (Capicada decora Germar, Platypleura deusta Thun. and P. capensis L.) in South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. These models were quantitatively compared with models produced by means of the algorithm used in the BIOCLIM modelling package, which is referred to as a crisp envelope model (the CEM design). The average performance of models of the FEM design was consistently higher than those of the CEM design. There were significant differences in model performance among species but there was no significant interaction between model design and species. The average maximum kappa value ranged from 0.70 to 0.90 for FEM design and from 0.57 to 0.89 for the CEM design, which can be described as 'good' to 'excellent' using published ranges of agreement for the kappa statistic. This technique can be used to predict species' potential distributions that could be used for identifying regions at risk from invasion by alien species. These predictions could also be used in conservation planning in the case of native species.
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Date Issued: 2004

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Distinct kimberlite pipe classes with contrasting eruption processes

- Skinner, E M W, Marsh, Julian S

Authors: Skinner, E M W , Marsh, Julian S
Date: 2004
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/150603 , vital:38988 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2004.03.044
Description: Field and Scott Smith [Field, M., Scott Smith, B.H., 1999. Contrasting geology and near-surface emplacement of kimberlite pipes in southern Africa and Canada. Proc. 7th Int. Kimb. Conf. (Eds. Gurney et al.) 1, 214–237.] propose that kimberlite pipes can be grouped into three types or classes. Classical or Class 1 pipes are the only class with characteristic low temperature, diatreme-facies kimberlite in addition to hypabyssal- and crater-facies kimberlite. Class 2 and 3 pipes are characterized only by hypabyssal-and crater-facies kimberlite.
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Date Issued: 2004

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Linda implementations in Java for concurrent systems

- Wells, George C, Chalmers, A G, Clayton, Peter G

Authors: Wells, George C , Chalmers, A G , Clayton, Peter G
Date: 2004
Subjects: To be catalogued
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430555 , vital:72699 , https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.794
Description: This paper surveys a number of the implementations of Linda that are available in Java. It provides some discussion of their strengths and weaknesses, and pre-sents the results from benchmarking experiments using a network of commodity workstations. Some extensions to the original Linda programming model are also presented and discussed, together with examples of their application to parallel processing problems.
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Date Issued: 2004

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Evolution of a strongly differentiated suite of phonolites from the Klinghardt Mountains, Namibia

- Marsh, Julian S

Authors: Marsh, Julian S
Date: 2003
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140400 , vital:37885 , https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(87)90023-5
Description: Phonolites of Tertiary age occur as eroded tholoids, lava flows, ignimbrites, and coulees in the Klinghardt Mountains of southern Namibia. Sixty samples have been analyzed for major and trace elements and fourteen of these for 87SR 86SR. The phonolites lie close to the low-pressure cotectics in Q-Ne-Ks, in keeping with their petrography which indicates that most samples have phenocrysts of both nepheline and sanidine. Na has been variably lost from the rocks during crystallization and devitrification/alteration of hypocrystalline specimens.
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Date Issued: 2003

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The concentrations of the noble metals in Southern African flood-type basalts and MORB: implications for petrogenesis and magmatic sulphide exploration

- Maier, Wolfgand D, Barnes, Sarah-Jane, Marsh, Julian S

Authors: Maier, Wolfgand D , Barnes, Sarah-Jane , Marsh, Julian S
Date: 2003
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/150573 , vital:38985 , https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-003-0480-z
Description: Concentrations of the platinum-group elements have been determined in several suites of southern African flood-type basalts and mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), covering some 3 Ga of geologic evolution and including the Etendeka, Karoo, Soutpansberg, Machadodorp, Hekpoort, Ventersdorp and Dominion magmas.
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Date Issued: 2003

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Language as a ‘resource’ in South Africa: the economic life of language in a globalising society

- Wright, Laurence

Authors: Wright, Laurence
Date: 2002
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: vital:7035 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007370 , https://doi.org/10.1080/10131750285310031
Description: preprint , We need to develop a much more refined and specific understanding of what is meant when people refer to language is a ‘resource’. If something can accurately be described as a resource, then by its very nature it carries with it or attracts, at least in potential, the social motivation associated with the utilization, development or exploitation of that resource. This is strikingly true where language is the resource in question, because language is so intimately bound up with human activity. Where it exists, such social motivation can be augmented and supported so as to realize the ends of language policy. Contrastingly, where it is seen that social motivation informing a particular language situation is at odds with the intent of language policy, then either implementation must retreat and move to other arenas, other points of influence, where intervention can be more effective, or those charged with implementation must resign themselves to costly and messy efforts to force unwanted change through legal authority.
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Date Issued: 2002

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Minding the gaps – an investigation into language policy and practice in four Eastern Cape districts

- Probyn, Margie J, Murray, Sarah R, Botha, Liz, Botya, Paula, Brookes, Margie, Westphal, Vivian

Authors: Probyn, Margie J , Murray, Sarah R , Botha, Liz , Botya, Paula , Brookes, Margie , Westphal, Vivian
Date: 2002
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:7024 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007206
Description: South Africa's new Language in Education Policy (LiEP) has been described as one of the most progressive in the world but few schools have implemented it. This article describes research that investigates the gap between the policy goals and what is actually happening in schools in four districts in the Eastern Cape. The research attempts to make explicit community and school language practices and the factors that support or frustrate the formation and enactment of a school language policy in these four linguistically diverse sites. It appears that school governing bodies are not well equipped to make decisions about school language policy which meet the requirements of the national LiEP and economic imperatives to acquire English override considerations of multilingualism and additive bilingualism as expressed in the policy.
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Date Issued: 2002

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Social parasitism by honeybee workers (Apis mellifera capensis Escholtz): host finding and resistance of hybrid host colonies

- Neumann, Peter, Radloff, Sarah E, Moritz, Robin F A, Hepburn, H Randall, Reece, Sacha L

Authors: Neumann, Peter , Radloff, Sarah E , Moritz, Robin F A , Hepburn, H Randall , Reece, Sacha L
Date: 2001
Language: English
Type: text , Article
Identifier: vital:6907 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011860
Description: We studied possible host finding and resistance mechanisms of host colonies in the context of social parasitism by Cape honeybee (Apis mellifera capensis) workers. Workers often join neighboring colonies by drifting, but long-range drifting (dispersal) to colonies far away from the maternal nests also rarely occurs. We tested the impact of queenstate and taxon of mother and host colonies on drifting and dispersing of workers and on the hosting of these workers in A. m. capensis, A. m. scutellata, and their natural hybrids. Workers were paint-marked according to colony and reintroduced into their queenright or queenless mother colonies. After 10 days, 579 out of 12,034 labeled workers were recaptured in foreign colonies. We found that drifting and dispersing represent different behaviors, which were differently affected by taxon and queenstate of both mother and host colonies. Hybrid workers drifted more often than A. m. capensis and A. m. scutellata. However, A. m. capensis workers dispersed more often than A. m. scutellata and the hybrids combined, and A. m. scutellata workers also dispersed more frequently than the hybrids. Dispersers from queenright A. m. capensis colonies were more often found in queenless host colonies and vice versa, indicating active host searching and/or a queenstate-discriminating guarding mechanism. Our data show that A. m. capensis workers disperse significantly more often than other races of A. mellifera, suggesting that dispersing represents a host finding mechanism. The lack of dispersal in hybrids and different hosting mechanisms of foreign workers by hybrid colonies may also be responsible for the stability of the natural hybrid zone between A. m. capensis and A. m. scutellata.
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Date Issued: 2001

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Rural self-reliance strategies in South Africa : community initiatives and external support in the former black homelands

- Nel, Etienne L, Binns, Tony

Authors: Nel, Etienne L , Binns, Tony
Date: 2000
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:6716 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006789
Description: This paper examines the relevance of the concept of self-reliance in the context of rural community economic development in South Africa. Whilst changing global and local circumstances oblige impoverished communities to become more pro-active in the enhancement of the quality of their lives, they nevertheless cannot ignore basic market forces and the need for an appropriate level of external assistance. Four community-based agricultural ventures in South Africa's former Homelands are examined. A comparison between the four schemes permits an assessment to be made of what such community ventures require if they are to succeed and have a meaningful impact on job creation and poverty alleviation. The role of external support agencies and access to markets in each case features prominently in the assessment.
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Date Issued: 2000

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The market for commercial farm land in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa as a means of redistribution:

- Antrobus, Geoffrey G, Fraser, Gavin C G

Authors: Antrobus, Geoffrey G , Fraser, Gavin C G
Date: 1999
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143024 , vital:38194 , DOI: 10.4314/rosas.v3i1.22991
Description: The election promise of the majority party in the new South African government was to redistribute 30% of the agricultural land in the hands of Whites within a period of 5 years. Transfers of land in the Eastern Cape Province are examined as a case study. While 60% of the total number of Eastern Cape farms changed hands over 5 years, these constituted only 19% of the surface area. A large proportion of rural transfers were small (less than 5 hectares) peri-urban properties which cannot all be considered as viable farming units. At average prices about R1 to R2 billion would be required to establish new farmers on land with the necessary livestock, machinery and equipment. Resource poor new entrants would need a major state contribution to make initial entry and subsequent survival feasible. To achieve their goal through market transfers the government would need to either substantially lengthen its time horizon or lower its target.
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Date Issued: 1999

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