Pension payouts, periodic marketing and the continuance of urban dependence in rural South Africa
- Fox, Roddy C, Nel, Etienne L
- Authors: Fox, Roddy C , Nel, Etienne L
- Date: 1998
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6681 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006675
- Description: The former homeland areas of South Africa are characterised by extreme poverty, high levels of urban dependence, a reliance on pensions and low levels of agricultural production. This paper is based on a case-study of the Eastern Cape province and details rural realities, the importance of pensions and the constraints which face current plans to develop and expand the periodic marketing network.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
- Authors: Fox, Roddy C , Nel, Etienne L
- Date: 1998
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6681 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006675
- Description: The former homeland areas of South Africa are characterised by extreme poverty, high levels of urban dependence, a reliance on pensions and low levels of agricultural production. This paper is based on a case-study of the Eastern Cape province and details rural realities, the importance of pensions and the constraints which face current plans to develop and expand the periodic marketing network.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
The third Marion Island oceanographic study (MIOS III) conducted during April and May 1998
- Froneman, Pierre William, Ansorge, Isabelle J
- Authors: Froneman, Pierre William , Ansorge, Isabelle J
- Date: 1998
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6937 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011959
- Description: Focuses on the third Marion Island Oceanographic Study (MIOS III). Objectives of the study; Details on the results; Conclusions.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
- Authors: Froneman, Pierre William , Ansorge, Isabelle J
- Date: 1998
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6937 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011959
- Description: Focuses on the third Marion Island Oceanographic Study (MIOS III). Objectives of the study; Details on the results; Conclusions.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
Debate on globalisation
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/172083 , vital:42156
- Description: At the Cosatu National Congress, a debate around the issue of globalisation erupted. At the core of the debate was whether the federation was opposed to globalisation or not. Some unions fell that as a federation we should be opposed to globalisation and all what it represents. Others felt that we should be opposed not to globalisation but its negative effects or the current form of globalisation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/172083 , vital:42156
- Description: At the Cosatu National Congress, a debate around the issue of globalisation erupted. At the core of the debate was whether the federation was opposed to globalisation or not. Some unions fell that as a federation we should be opposed to globalisation and all what it represents. Others felt that we should be opposed not to globalisation but its negative effects or the current form of globalisation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
John Mateer. Anachronism. South Fremantle Fremantle Arts Centre Press. 1997. Book review
- Authors: Mason, Paul
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , poem
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/464709 , vital:76538 , ISBN 0028-4459 , https://journals.co.za/doi/epdf/10.10520/AJA00284459_496
- Description: New Coin is one of South Africa's most established and influential poetry journals. It publishes poetry, and poetry-related reviews, commentary and interviews. New Coin places a particular emphasis on evolving forms and experimental use of the English language in poetry in the South African context. In this sense it has traced the most exciting trends and currents in contemporary poetry in South Africa for a decade of more. The journal is published twice a year in June and December by the Institute for the Study of English in Africa (ISEA), Rhodes University.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
- Authors: Mason, Paul
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , poem
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/464709 , vital:76538 , ISBN 0028-4459 , https://journals.co.za/doi/epdf/10.10520/AJA00284459_496
- Description: New Coin is one of South Africa's most established and influential poetry journals. It publishes poetry, and poetry-related reviews, commentary and interviews. New Coin places a particular emphasis on evolving forms and experimental use of the English language in poetry in the South African context. In this sense it has traced the most exciting trends and currents in contemporary poetry in South Africa for a decade of more. The journal is published twice a year in June and December by the Institute for the Study of English in Africa (ISEA), Rhodes University.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
Submission of the CWIU to the portfolio committee on Child and Family support
- Chemical Workers Industrial Union (CWIU)
- Authors: Chemical Workers Industrial Union (CWIU)
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: CWIU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/170234 , vital:41871
- Description: Having studied and extensively discussed the new child support and benefit system as agreed by cabinet on 5 March 1997, the CWIU Western Cape Women's Committee at its seminar held on 5-6 April 1997, noted j:tee following: 1) That the pSC-cess leading up to this development was not transparent and democratic despite its far-reaching consequences for the poorest sections of our people. 2) That the new system is designed to meet the requirements set by the government's economic strategy - Growth Employment and Redistibution (GEAR) for "fiscal restraint" and reducing the budget deficit and not meeting the needs of the majority of South Africans. This economic strategy of the government is in itself its response to the demands of local and international capital and not in line with the promise of "A better life for all" as embodied in the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) and the new constitution which states the right for all "to have access to social security, including, if they are unable to support themselves and their dependents, appropriate social assistance". 3) That certain assumptions are made regarding the requirements of families, specifically women and their unsupported children, with regard to their survival, let alone decent living standards. In particular we refer to the new rates of R75 per child (under the age of 6 years) per month which is according to the government "slightly above the household subsistence level". This raises a number of serious questions and implications. Who determined these figures, what are they based on and who is it aimed at ? For years in the labour movement we have been confronted by capitalist bosses with similar "scientific statistics" across the bargaining table when fighting for decent wages. We have always rejected these as being based on existing poverty levels and seeking to perpetuate these conditions. These figures are also determined by academics hidden and protected by the privilege of the university environment, treating our poverty as mere scientific subjects for study to strengthen the ideological hand of their capitalist masters. We reject the figures and are convinced that the new rates will have the effect of increasing poverty. It has also been pointed out to us, for what it is worth, that the actual "Household Subsistence Level" figure is more than what the government has decided, ie. R96.83.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
- Authors: Chemical Workers Industrial Union (CWIU)
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: CWIU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/170234 , vital:41871
- Description: Having studied and extensively discussed the new child support and benefit system as agreed by cabinet on 5 March 1997, the CWIU Western Cape Women's Committee at its seminar held on 5-6 April 1997, noted j:tee following: 1) That the pSC-cess leading up to this development was not transparent and democratic despite its far-reaching consequences for the poorest sections of our people. 2) That the new system is designed to meet the requirements set by the government's economic strategy - Growth Employment and Redistibution (GEAR) for "fiscal restraint" and reducing the budget deficit and not meeting the needs of the majority of South Africans. This economic strategy of the government is in itself its response to the demands of local and international capital and not in line with the promise of "A better life for all" as embodied in the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) and the new constitution which states the right for all "to have access to social security, including, if they are unable to support themselves and their dependents, appropriate social assistance". 3) That certain assumptions are made regarding the requirements of families, specifically women and their unsupported children, with regard to their survival, let alone decent living standards. In particular we refer to the new rates of R75 per child (under the age of 6 years) per month which is according to the government "slightly above the household subsistence level". This raises a number of serious questions and implications. Who determined these figures, what are they based on and who is it aimed at ? For years in the labour movement we have been confronted by capitalist bosses with similar "scientific statistics" across the bargaining table when fighting for decent wages. We have always rejected these as being based on existing poverty levels and seeking to perpetuate these conditions. These figures are also determined by academics hidden and protected by the privilege of the university environment, treating our poverty as mere scientific subjects for study to strengthen the ideological hand of their capitalist masters. We reject the figures and are convinced that the new rates will have the effect of increasing poverty. It has also been pointed out to us, for what it is worth, that the actual "Household Subsistence Level" figure is more than what the government has decided, ie. R96.83.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
Apartheid debt - The pension component
- AIDC
- Authors: AIDC
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Alternative Information & Development Centre (AIDC)
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/114703 , vital:34015
- Description: The Alternative Information and Development Centre (AIDC) and the NGO Coalition have called upon the new democratic government of South Africa not to pay the apartheid debt, incurred by the previous regime. The Reconstruction and Development Programme is suffering under the weight of interest payments on the debts made by the apartheid regime. Our organisations have argued that this debt is an odious debt incurred in the process of maintaining the system of apartheid. While major organisations of civil society have shown great interest in this issue, business and government circles . have been sceptical. A consistent concern has been raised in relation to the impact of debt cancellation for state pension holders.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
- Authors: AIDC
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Alternative Information & Development Centre (AIDC)
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/114703 , vital:34015
- Description: The Alternative Information and Development Centre (AIDC) and the NGO Coalition have called upon the new democratic government of South Africa not to pay the apartheid debt, incurred by the previous regime. The Reconstruction and Development Programme is suffering under the weight of interest payments on the debts made by the apartheid regime. Our organisations have argued that this debt is an odious debt incurred in the process of maintaining the system of apartheid. While major organisations of civil society have shown great interest in this issue, business and government circles . have been sceptical. A consistent concern has been raised in relation to the impact of debt cancellation for state pension holders.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
Does calcium constrain reproductive activity in insectivorous bats? Some empirical evidence for Schreibers’ long-fingered bat (Miniopterus schreibersii)
- Bernard, Ric T F, Davison, A
- Authors: Bernard, Ric T F , Davison, A
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447231 , vital:74598 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/az/article/view/154435
- Description: Insects are a poor source of dietary calcium and since they are seasonally abundant, it has been suggested that calcium availability may play a significant role in controlling the timing of reproduction in insectivorous bats. To assess the possible role of dietary calcium, we have measured bone calcium concentrations in female and male long-fingered bats (Miniopterus schreibersii) through a full reproductive cycle. The results indicate that winter was not a period of calcium stress and, therefore, that seasonal changes in insect abundance and dietary calcium availability are not a satisfactory explanation for the occurrence of delayed implantation in the long-fingered bat. Bone calcium concentrations of females did not differ significantly throughout pregnancy, indicating that the insects available in winter and early summer were sufficient to meet the calcium demands of pregnancy. Lactating females had the lowest bone calcium concentrations of all specimens, supporting the suggestion that lactation is indeed a period of severe calcium stress in aerial insectivores. We conclude that parturition is probably timed so that lactation coincides with the period of maximal insect abundance and corresponding dietary calcium availability.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
- Authors: Bernard, Ric T F , Davison, A
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447231 , vital:74598 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/az/article/view/154435
- Description: Insects are a poor source of dietary calcium and since they are seasonally abundant, it has been suggested that calcium availability may play a significant role in controlling the timing of reproduction in insectivorous bats. To assess the possible role of dietary calcium, we have measured bone calcium concentrations in female and male long-fingered bats (Miniopterus schreibersii) through a full reproductive cycle. The results indicate that winter was not a period of calcium stress and, therefore, that seasonal changes in insect abundance and dietary calcium availability are not a satisfactory explanation for the occurrence of delayed implantation in the long-fingered bat. Bone calcium concentrations of females did not differ significantly throughout pregnancy, indicating that the insects available in winter and early summer were sufficient to meet the calcium demands of pregnancy. Lactating females had the lowest bone calcium concentrations of all specimens, supporting the suggestion that lactation is indeed a period of severe calcium stress in aerial insectivores. We conclude that parturition is probably timed so that lactation coincides with the period of maximal insect abundance and corresponding dietary calcium availability.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
Lectotype designation and a new synonym of Cloeodes inzingae (Crass, 1947)(Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)
- de Moor, Ferdy C, McCafferty, W P
- Authors: de Moor, Ferdy C , McCafferty, W P
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452143 , vital:75107 , https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10213589_209
- Description: The description of Pseudocloeon inzingae Crass, 1947, was based on nymphs and reared adults collected from several rivers in KwaZulu-Natal in 1944 and 1945. The species was redescribed by Waltz and McCafferty (1994) and transferred to Cloeodes Traver, a genus previously known only from the Neotropical Region and southeast Asia. Pseudocloeon saxophilum Agnew, 1961, from the Western Cape Province of South Africa was also transferred to Cloeodes by Waltz and McCafferty (1994), and both species were listed under this genus in the recent checklist of South African Ephemeroptera by McCafferty and de Moor (1995). We have studied nymphs and adults of C. inzingae in the Albany Museum, Grahamstown, which clearly represent at least part of the original rnaterial studied by Crass, and may thus be considered syntypes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
- Authors: de Moor, Ferdy C , McCafferty, W P
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452143 , vital:75107 , https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10213589_209
- Description: The description of Pseudocloeon inzingae Crass, 1947, was based on nymphs and reared adults collected from several rivers in KwaZulu-Natal in 1944 and 1945. The species was redescribed by Waltz and McCafferty (1994) and transferred to Cloeodes Traver, a genus previously known only from the Neotropical Region and southeast Asia. Pseudocloeon saxophilum Agnew, 1961, from the Western Cape Province of South Africa was also transferred to Cloeodes by Waltz and McCafferty (1994), and both species were listed under this genus in the recent checklist of South African Ephemeroptera by McCafferty and de Moor (1995). We have studied nymphs and adults of C. inzingae in the Albany Museum, Grahamstown, which clearly represent at least part of the original rnaterial studied by Crass, and may thus be considered syntypes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
Restructuring the municipal sector to deliver on the RDP
- SAMWU
- Authors: SAMWU
- Date: Oct 1996
- Subjects: SAMWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118076 , vital:34593
- Description: One of the biggest threats to RDP delivery in the municipal sector is that of privatisation. The Conference re-affirmed the long standing anti-privatisation position of SAMWU. In order to advance this position, the following proposals are made: That the Union develops a clear campaign to promote our opposition to privatisation and our support for the retention of basic services under public control and ownership through the “turning around” of local government services. That Regions discuss the elements of this campaign and that this is finalised in the next NEC. That for the campaign to succeed, it must be mass based. We should focus on getting worker and community support for our fight to retain services in public hands. An essential element of the campaign would be to ensure implementation of the last COSATU CEC resolution which calls for basic services like water, electricity, housing etc. to remain under public ownership and control. This includes identifying those services which should be brought under public ownership and control(nationalisation). Another important feature of the campaign should be the integration of the research findings(the joint ILRIG/SAMWU Research Project) into the programme. The research should both illustrate international and national consequences of past privatisation experiments as well as illustrating public sector superiority in the delivery of basic services(democratic alternatives to privatisation).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Oct 1996
- Authors: SAMWU
- Date: Oct 1996
- Subjects: SAMWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118076 , vital:34593
- Description: One of the biggest threats to RDP delivery in the municipal sector is that of privatisation. The Conference re-affirmed the long standing anti-privatisation position of SAMWU. In order to advance this position, the following proposals are made: That the Union develops a clear campaign to promote our opposition to privatisation and our support for the retention of basic services under public control and ownership through the “turning around” of local government services. That Regions discuss the elements of this campaign and that this is finalised in the next NEC. That for the campaign to succeed, it must be mass based. We should focus on getting worker and community support for our fight to retain services in public hands. An essential element of the campaign would be to ensure implementation of the last COSATU CEC resolution which calls for basic services like water, electricity, housing etc. to remain under public ownership and control. This includes identifying those services which should be brought under public ownership and control(nationalisation). Another important feature of the campaign should be the integration of the research findings(the joint ILRIG/SAMWU Research Project) into the programme. The research should both illustrate international and national consequences of past privatisation experiments as well as illustrating public sector superiority in the delivery of basic services(democratic alternatives to privatisation).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Oct 1996
Challenging geography: a South African perspective
- Irwin, Patrick R, van Harmelen, Ursula
- Authors: Irwin, Patrick R , van Harmelen, Ursula
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/450132 , vital:74885 , https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/ielapa.960403836
- Description: Few teachers and learners have any 'sense of ownership' of 'the place' in which school geography is located. Notwithstand-ing the apparent neutrality of a subject that is concerned with information about climate, settlement, or the economy, these 'geographies' have until now been located, in a political and physical landscape of a South Africa that did not 'belong' to the people at large. This has effectively meant that geography has been taught from a perspective that is perceived to be alien and even hostile, and is therefore often considered to be irrel-evant. Teaching resources and strategies have served to strengthen this sense of alienation. Textbooks are, in style and content, almost exclusively situated in a white South Africa of which many pupils have little or no experience. Furthermore, because geography has been taught 'from a book' with field-work the exception rather than the rule, few children have any concept of geography as' that which is all around us' (Mapha-phuli 1992; King 1994). It is part of the missed opportunities of South African geography that indigenous cultural concepts re-lating to the notion of place have not been widely recognised. The combination of a lack of a sense of political ownership and perceived 'eurocentricity' has had a further impact on the atti-tudes of pupils and learners.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
- Authors: Irwin, Patrick R , van Harmelen, Ursula
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/450132 , vital:74885 , https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/ielapa.960403836
- Description: Few teachers and learners have any 'sense of ownership' of 'the place' in which school geography is located. Notwithstand-ing the apparent neutrality of a subject that is concerned with information about climate, settlement, or the economy, these 'geographies' have until now been located, in a political and physical landscape of a South Africa that did not 'belong' to the people at large. This has effectively meant that geography has been taught from a perspective that is perceived to be alien and even hostile, and is therefore often considered to be irrel-evant. Teaching resources and strategies have served to strengthen this sense of alienation. Textbooks are, in style and content, almost exclusively situated in a white South Africa of which many pupils have little or no experience. Furthermore, because geography has been taught 'from a book' with field-work the exception rather than the rule, few children have any concept of geography as' that which is all around us' (Mapha-phuli 1992; King 1994). It is part of the missed opportunities of South African geography that indigenous cultural concepts re-lating to the notion of place have not been widely recognised. The combination of a lack of a sense of political ownership and perceived 'eurocentricity' has had a further impact on the atti-tudes of pupils and learners.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
Host specificity tests on leaf-feeding insects aberrations from the use of excised leaves
- Olckers, T, Hulley, Patrick E
- Authors: Olckers, T , Hulley, Patrick E
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452340 , vital:75121 , https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10213589_137
- Description: Starvation tests, in which herbivorous insects are confined to plants under cage conditions, are integral to determining the host range and suitability of candidate agents for weed biocontrol (Cullen 1990). The acceptance or rejection of test plants under these artificial conditions can, however, be influenced by the quality of the plants presented (Shepherd 1990); starvation tests on leaf-feeding insects are often carried out with bouquets or excised leaves as opposed to whole plants. This study presents the results of two independent experiments that illustrate potential problems associated with the use of excised leaves during host specificity tests.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
- Authors: Olckers, T , Hulley, Patrick E
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452340 , vital:75121 , https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10213589_137
- Description: Starvation tests, in which herbivorous insects are confined to plants under cage conditions, are integral to determining the host range and suitability of candidate agents for weed biocontrol (Cullen 1990). The acceptance or rejection of test plants under these artificial conditions can, however, be influenced by the quality of the plants presented (Shepherd 1990); starvation tests on leaf-feeding insects are often carried out with bouquets or excised leaves as opposed to whole plants. This study presents the results of two independent experiments that illustrate potential problems associated with the use of excised leaves during host specificity tests.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
Mzi Mahola. Strange Things. Cape Town Snailpress, 1994. Book Review
- Authors: Doherty, Christo
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/460553 , vital:75947 , https://journals.co.za/doi/epdf/10.10520/AJA00284459_157
- Description: New Coin is one of South Africa's most established and influential poetry journals. It publishes poetry, and poetry-related reviews, commentary and interviews. New Coin places a particular emphasis on evolving forms and experimental use of the English language in poetry in the South African context. In this sense it has traced the most exciting trends and currents in contemporary poetry in South Africa for a decade of more. The journal is published twice a year in June and December by the Institute for the Study of English in Africa (ISEA), Rhodes University.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
- Authors: Doherty, Christo
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/460553 , vital:75947 , https://journals.co.za/doi/epdf/10.10520/AJA00284459_157
- Description: New Coin is one of South Africa's most established and influential poetry journals. It publishes poetry, and poetry-related reviews, commentary and interviews. New Coin places a particular emphasis on evolving forms and experimental use of the English language in poetry in the South African context. In this sense it has traced the most exciting trends and currents in contemporary poetry in South Africa for a decade of more. The journal is published twice a year in June and December by the Institute for the Study of English in Africa (ISEA), Rhodes University.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
NUMSA - Gender and Globalisation group discussion
- NUMSA
- Authors: NUMSA
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: NUMSA
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/117816 , vital:34561
- Description: In the past, the government in many countries provided social welfare benefits to people. These benefits included things like public health care and free education. This is now changing in many countries. Governments today provide fewer services and benefits to people. Instead they hand this job over the private sector. This means that people have to start paying before they get a service. If families can’t afford to pay private companies for these services, then someone in the family has to fill the gap. Generally it is women who have to: care for the sick when it is too expensive to take them to hospital, collect firewood because electricity is too expensive, walk miles to collect water from the river because piped water is too expensive. Many governments have been forced to change the role they play in the economy by the structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) imposes on them as one of the conditions for lending them money
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
- Authors: NUMSA
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: NUMSA
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/117816 , vital:34561
- Description: In the past, the government in many countries provided social welfare benefits to people. These benefits included things like public health care and free education. This is now changing in many countries. Governments today provide fewer services and benefits to people. Instead they hand this job over the private sector. This means that people have to start paying before they get a service. If families can’t afford to pay private companies for these services, then someone in the family has to fill the gap. Generally it is women who have to: care for the sick when it is too expensive to take them to hospital, collect firewood because electricity is too expensive, walk miles to collect water from the river because piped water is too expensive. Many governments have been forced to change the role they play in the economy by the structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) imposes on them as one of the conditions for lending them money
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
Ringing the changes
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 1994
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6185 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012383
- Description: The restoration of the bells of the Grahamstown Cathedral heralds a new interest in bell-ringing in South Africa. Although the music of ringing bells is part of our heritage, few people know much about the development, or even the rules of change ringing. This is the form of ringing typical of Britain and, increasingly, of Australia, New Zealand, U.S.A., Canada, and southern Africa. , Colin Lewis was Professor of Geography at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa from 1989 until his retirement at the end of 2007. In 1990, with the strong support of the incumbent Vice-Chancellor, Dr Derek Henderson, he instigated the Certificate in Change Ringing (Church Bell Ringing) in the Rhodes University Department of Music and Musicology - the first such course to be offered in Africa. Since that date he has lectured in the basic theory, and taught the practice of change ringing. He is the Ringing Master of the Cathedral of St Michael and St George, Grahamstown, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 1994
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6185 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012383
- Description: The restoration of the bells of the Grahamstown Cathedral heralds a new interest in bell-ringing in South Africa. Although the music of ringing bells is part of our heritage, few people know much about the development, or even the rules of change ringing. This is the form of ringing typical of Britain and, increasingly, of Australia, New Zealand, U.S.A., Canada, and southern Africa. , Colin Lewis was Professor of Geography at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa from 1989 until his retirement at the end of 2007. In 1990, with the strong support of the incumbent Vice-Chancellor, Dr Derek Henderson, he instigated the Certificate in Change Ringing (Church Bell Ringing) in the Rhodes University Department of Music and Musicology - the first such course to be offered in Africa. Since that date he has lectured in the basic theory, and taught the practice of change ringing. He is the Ringing Master of the Cathedral of St Michael and St George, Grahamstown, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
Uncertainty and fear - but restoration completed
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 1994
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6169 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012359
- Description: Colin Lewis was Professor of Geography at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa from 1989 until his retirement at the end of 2007. In 1990, with the strong support of the incumbent Vice-Chancellor, Dr Derek Henderson, he instigated the Certificate in Change Ringing (Church Bell Ringing) in the Rhodes University Department of Music and Musicology - the first such course to be offered in Africa. Since that date he has lectured in the basic theory, and taught the practice of change ringing. He is the Ringing Master of the Cathedral of St Michael and St George, Grahamstown, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 1994
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6169 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012359
- Description: Colin Lewis was Professor of Geography at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa from 1989 until his retirement at the end of 2007. In 1990, with the strong support of the incumbent Vice-Chancellor, Dr Derek Henderson, he instigated the Certificate in Change Ringing (Church Bell Ringing) in the Rhodes University Department of Music and Musicology - the first such course to be offered in Africa. Since that date he has lectured in the basic theory, and taught the practice of change ringing. He is the Ringing Master of the Cathedral of St Michael and St George, Grahamstown, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
An association between epichrysomallines and eurytomids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in southern African fig wasp communities
- Authors: Compton, Stephen G
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452060 , vital:75100 , https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10213589_42
- Description: Figs, the fruits of Ficus species (Moraceae), support diverse communities/assemblages of fig wasps belonging mainly to the families Agaonidae and Eurytomidae (Boucek et al. 1981; Compton and Hawkins, in press). Southern African fig wasp communities are composed mainly of species associated with the ovules of the plants, either as ovule-gallers or their parasitoids, although some species also gall fig primordia or the walls of the figs (Compton and van Noort 1992). The trophic relationships of only a few fig wasp species have been determined (Compton and van Noort 1992), but these suggest that the various subfamilies of fig wasps are generally consistent in that they contain either gallers or parasitoids. Amongst the gall-forming species are the Epichrysomallinae and Agaoninae (Agaonidae)(Boucek 1988). Eurytomids provide an exception to this general uniformity of larval feeding methods. For example, Sycophila Walker is a major genus of fig wasp eurytomids which includes species that are either gall-formers or parasitoids (Claridge 1959; Boucek 1988).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Compton, Stephen G
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452060 , vital:75100 , https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10213589_42
- Description: Figs, the fruits of Ficus species (Moraceae), support diverse communities/assemblages of fig wasps belonging mainly to the families Agaonidae and Eurytomidae (Boucek et al. 1981; Compton and Hawkins, in press). Southern African fig wasp communities are composed mainly of species associated with the ovules of the plants, either as ovule-gallers or their parasitoids, although some species also gall fig primordia or the walls of the figs (Compton and van Noort 1992). The trophic relationships of only a few fig wasp species have been determined (Compton and van Noort 1992), but these suggest that the various subfamilies of fig wasps are generally consistent in that they contain either gallers or parasitoids. Amongst the gall-forming species are the Epichrysomallinae and Agaoninae (Agaonidae)(Boucek 1988). Eurytomids provide an exception to this general uniformity of larval feeding methods. For example, Sycophila Walker is a major genus of fig wasp eurytomids which includes species that are either gall-formers or parasitoids (Claridge 1959; Boucek 1988).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Tatamkulu Afrika. Dark Rider. Cape Town Snailpress and Mayibuye Books, 1992. Book Review
- Authors: Klopper, Dirk
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/460836 , vital:76039 , https://journals.co.za/doi/epdf/10.10520/AJA00284459_477
- Description: New Coin is one of South Africa's most established and influential poetry journals. It publishes poetry, and poetry-related reviews, commentary and interviews. New Coin places a particular emphasis on evolving forms and experimental use of the English language in poetry in the South African context. In this sense it has traced the most exciting trends and currents in contemporary poetry in South Africa for a decade of more. The journal is published twice a year in June and December by the Institute for the Study of English in Africa (ISEA), Rhodes University.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Klopper, Dirk
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/460836 , vital:76039 , https://journals.co.za/doi/epdf/10.10520/AJA00284459_477
- Description: New Coin is one of South Africa's most established and influential poetry journals. It publishes poetry, and poetry-related reviews, commentary and interviews. New Coin places a particular emphasis on evolving forms and experimental use of the English language in poetry in the South African context. In this sense it has traced the most exciting trends and currents in contemporary poetry in South Africa for a decade of more. The journal is published twice a year in June and December by the Institute for the Study of English in Africa (ISEA), Rhodes University.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
The taxonomie status of Apogon enigmaticus Smith, 1961 (Teleostei, Apogonidae)
- Authors: Gon, Ofer
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447304 , vital:74603 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/az/article/view/154224
- Description: The validity of the cardinal fish species Apogon enigmaticus, described by Smith (1961) from a single specimen, is reassessed in view of a recent discovery of a second specimen of this species, collected by Smith, in the JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology. Both fish were re-identified as specimens of A. apogonides (Bleeker, 1856) on the basis of dentition, pigmentation, and counts of pectoral-fin rays, gill rakers and predorsal scales. A. enigmaticas is therefore regarded as a junior synonym of A. apogonides.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Gon, Ofer
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447304 , vital:74603 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/az/article/view/154224
- Description: The validity of the cardinal fish species Apogon enigmaticus, described by Smith (1961) from a single specimen, is reassessed in view of a recent discovery of a second specimen of this species, collected by Smith, in the JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology. Both fish were re-identified as specimens of A. apogonides (Bleeker, 1856) on the basis of dentition, pigmentation, and counts of pectoral-fin rays, gill rakers and predorsal scales. A. enigmaticas is therefore regarded as a junior synonym of A. apogonides.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
56 years old and growing : Geography
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 1992
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6708 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006745
- Description: This article traces the growth and development of the Rhodes University Geography Department from 1936 to 1992, the academic staff and students associated with it, and the research emanating from it.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1992
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 1992
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6708 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006745
- Description: This article traces the growth and development of the Rhodes University Geography Department from 1936 to 1992, the academic staff and students associated with it, and the research emanating from it.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1992
Sensitivity of different areas of the flexor aspect of the human forearm to corticosteroid-induced skin blanching
- Meyer, Eric, Smith, Eric W, Haigh, John M
- Authors: Meyer, Eric , Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M
- Date: 1992
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6394 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006317
- Description: The intensity of corticosteroid-induced blanching has been found to vary at different areas of the flexor aspect of the human forearm. A retrospective analysis of 38,880 observations of skin blanching in 56 volunteers was conducted to assess the sensitivity of forearm skin to betamethasone 17-valerate. The mid-forearm appears to be more sensitive to the blanching response than do the areas close to the wrist or elbow. These results indicate that each preparation under evaluation should be applied to several sites along the forearm when using the human skin blanching assay in order to obtain an accurate comparative assessment of corticosteroid release from topical delivery vehicles.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1992
- Authors: Meyer, Eric , Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M
- Date: 1992
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6394 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006317
- Description: The intensity of corticosteroid-induced blanching has been found to vary at different areas of the flexor aspect of the human forearm. A retrospective analysis of 38,880 observations of skin blanching in 56 volunteers was conducted to assess the sensitivity of forearm skin to betamethasone 17-valerate. The mid-forearm appears to be more sensitive to the blanching response than do the areas close to the wrist or elbow. These results indicate that each preparation under evaluation should be applied to several sites along the forearm when using the human skin blanching assay in order to obtain an accurate comparative assessment of corticosteroid release from topical delivery vehicles.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1992