An analysis of the impact of financialization on commodity markets
- Authors: Ndawona, Takudzwa Maitaishe
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7113 , vital:21218
- Description: An unprecedented increase in real commodity prices from 2002-2011 fuelled an intense debate as to the causes of the steep rise in prices and its possible implications for producers and consumers. On the one hand, the prolonged and dramatic rise in almost all commodity prices is attributed to growing demand from emerging market economies, supply shocks such as adverse weather conditions, export bans as well as other macroeconomic factors. Collectively these are known as the fundamental (demand and supply) factors. On the other hand, there is a growing body of evidence that suggests these fundamental factors alone are not sufficient enough to explain recent commodity price developments. It is noted that alongside changes in the fundamental factors, there was a major shift in trading activities on commodity derivative markets related to the increasing presence of financial investors, institutional investors and hedge funds. This had important effects, it is argued, on the microstructure of these markets and on price dynamics in a process termed “fmancialization”. Most of the empirical literature covers the period of rising commodity prices from 20022011. This study seeks to add to the existing literature by examining, in addition, the impact of financialization when commodity prices were falling from 2011-2015. Whereas the literature focuses mainly on the rise of agricultural commodity prices, the focus of this study is on metals, oil and bulk commodities (coal and iron ore). Two techniques are employed, namely the calculation of rolling correlations for futures and spot returns. Granger causality tests are then performed to examine the relationships between futures and spot prices. Rolling return correlations are calculated for i) different exchange- traded commodities and ii) exchange-traded commodities and bulk commodities not traded on exchanges. This is done to establish whether the increased correlations between different commodities found in the literature still hold now that commodity prices across all categories are falling. Granger causality tests are used in order to establish the link between the futures prices and spot prices both during the upswing period (2002-2011) and downswing period (2011-2015). It is found that rapidly growing indexed-based investment in commodity markets (financialization) during the upswing period is concurrent with increasingly correlated returns on the prices of unrelated commodities in both the futures and spot markets. These correlations decline during the period of falling commodity prices (2011-2015). This was a period in which the total amount of commodity assets under management fell sharply. This supports the a priori expectation that if the increased correlations of previously seemingly correlated and unrelated commodities during the upswing had been driven by financialization, the correlation would decline in the downturn. Granger causality results reveal statistically significant evidence of futures prices (returns) driving spot prices (returns) during the financialization period. However, post-financialization there is a shift to more bidirectional relationships. The study therefore concludes that, in addition to changing fundamental and macroeconomic factors, the financialization of commodity markets further drove the excessive and volatile price levels in commodity markets from 2002 to 2011.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ndawona, Takudzwa Maitaishe
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7113 , vital:21218
- Description: An unprecedented increase in real commodity prices from 2002-2011 fuelled an intense debate as to the causes of the steep rise in prices and its possible implications for producers and consumers. On the one hand, the prolonged and dramatic rise in almost all commodity prices is attributed to growing demand from emerging market economies, supply shocks such as adverse weather conditions, export bans as well as other macroeconomic factors. Collectively these are known as the fundamental (demand and supply) factors. On the other hand, there is a growing body of evidence that suggests these fundamental factors alone are not sufficient enough to explain recent commodity price developments. It is noted that alongside changes in the fundamental factors, there was a major shift in trading activities on commodity derivative markets related to the increasing presence of financial investors, institutional investors and hedge funds. This had important effects, it is argued, on the microstructure of these markets and on price dynamics in a process termed “fmancialization”. Most of the empirical literature covers the period of rising commodity prices from 20022011. This study seeks to add to the existing literature by examining, in addition, the impact of financialization when commodity prices were falling from 2011-2015. Whereas the literature focuses mainly on the rise of agricultural commodity prices, the focus of this study is on metals, oil and bulk commodities (coal and iron ore). Two techniques are employed, namely the calculation of rolling correlations for futures and spot returns. Granger causality tests are then performed to examine the relationships between futures and spot prices. Rolling return correlations are calculated for i) different exchange- traded commodities and ii) exchange-traded commodities and bulk commodities not traded on exchanges. This is done to establish whether the increased correlations between different commodities found in the literature still hold now that commodity prices across all categories are falling. Granger causality tests are used in order to establish the link between the futures prices and spot prices both during the upswing period (2002-2011) and downswing period (2011-2015). It is found that rapidly growing indexed-based investment in commodity markets (financialization) during the upswing period is concurrent with increasingly correlated returns on the prices of unrelated commodities in both the futures and spot markets. These correlations decline during the period of falling commodity prices (2011-2015). This was a period in which the total amount of commodity assets under management fell sharply. This supports the a priori expectation that if the increased correlations of previously seemingly correlated and unrelated commodities during the upswing had been driven by financialization, the correlation would decline in the downturn. Granger causality results reveal statistically significant evidence of futures prices (returns) driving spot prices (returns) during the financialization period. However, post-financialization there is a shift to more bidirectional relationships. The study therefore concludes that, in addition to changing fundamental and macroeconomic factors, the financialization of commodity markets further drove the excessive and volatile price levels in commodity markets from 2002 to 2011.
- Full Text:
Constraints to the implementation of a market development approach to the delivery of business Development Services within the Makana municipal area
- Authors: Van Heerden, Garth William
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Makana Municipality Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Growth Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Public opinion Small business marketing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Unemployment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:814 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007746
- Description: South Africa's biggest challenge remains the high rate of unemployment especially among the country's youth. Small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) have been shown to be instrumental in many third world economies as a sustainable means not only to address unemployment but also to contribute significantly to economic growth. Despite government's good intentions and support, the South African SMME sector is not growing as expected and this is impacting negatively on unemployment creation in the country. Good business development services (BDS) is necessary to support SMMEs and specifically the Market Development Approach to the provision of BDS, where subsidies are replaced by private payment for services. Makana municipal area provided scope for analysing the constraints to the implementation of such business development services. Analysing the scope and magnitude of the constraints in this setting would contribute to understanding the constraints also in other parts of the country and help officials in local economic development make better informed decisions regarding support to SMMEs. Authors like Rogerson (2011), UNDP (2004), Miehlbradt and McVay, (2003), the Committee of Donor Agencies for SME Development (Blue book) (2001) and Bear et al., (2001) Gibson (2001), propose that the key to sustainable BDS is the implementation of the Market Development approach which focusses on for-profit activities in the provision of BDS to SMMEs. The aim of this study was to examine perceptions of key stakeholders towards SMME support and development, to identify the constraints to the implementation of a Market Development approach to the provision of business development services to SMMEs in the Makana area and to make recommendations to the Makana LED office of possible intervention strategies to address identified constraints. Purposive sampling was used to identify key stakeholders in SMME support in the Makana area in the categories of, big institutional buyers, public and private BDS providers as well the municipal LED office. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each stakeholder using questions shown in appendixes A to D. Perceptions of all key stakeholders were very positive with good intentions to support SMMEs. However, this was not consistent with procurement practice at the big institutional buyers. Constraints are summarized in the following five themes: Theme 1. Inconsistent practice in dealing with SMMEs across the organisation. Theme 2. Absence of a cooperative body or Chamber of Commerce. Theme 3. Fragmented Business Development Services. Theme 4. A lack of a culture of cost recovery. Theme 5. Limited awareness of BDS in the Makana area. A number of recommendations were suggested. Big institutional buyers like Rhodes University and Makana municipality need to take a longer term view and move the focus from employment creation to enterprise support which is a more sustainable and empowering source of employment (ILO, 2009). The Grahamstown Chamber of Commerce should become more representative and big institutional buyers also need to be convinced of the value of private BDS. Stakeholders should work together to combine resources to offer a comprehensive one-stop BDS for the Makana area (Chetty, 2009) and this comprehensive BDS should be provided according to the Market Development approach focusing on those services that lend themselves better to this approach whilst using subsidies only for those services with a low potential for cost recovery (UNDP, 2004).
- Full Text:
- Authors: Van Heerden, Garth William
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Makana Municipality Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Growth Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Public opinion Small business marketing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Unemployment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:814 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007746
- Description: South Africa's biggest challenge remains the high rate of unemployment especially among the country's youth. Small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) have been shown to be instrumental in many third world economies as a sustainable means not only to address unemployment but also to contribute significantly to economic growth. Despite government's good intentions and support, the South African SMME sector is not growing as expected and this is impacting negatively on unemployment creation in the country. Good business development services (BDS) is necessary to support SMMEs and specifically the Market Development Approach to the provision of BDS, where subsidies are replaced by private payment for services. Makana municipal area provided scope for analysing the constraints to the implementation of such business development services. Analysing the scope and magnitude of the constraints in this setting would contribute to understanding the constraints also in other parts of the country and help officials in local economic development make better informed decisions regarding support to SMMEs. Authors like Rogerson (2011), UNDP (2004), Miehlbradt and McVay, (2003), the Committee of Donor Agencies for SME Development (Blue book) (2001) and Bear et al., (2001) Gibson (2001), propose that the key to sustainable BDS is the implementation of the Market Development approach which focusses on for-profit activities in the provision of BDS to SMMEs. The aim of this study was to examine perceptions of key stakeholders towards SMME support and development, to identify the constraints to the implementation of a Market Development approach to the provision of business development services to SMMEs in the Makana area and to make recommendations to the Makana LED office of possible intervention strategies to address identified constraints. Purposive sampling was used to identify key stakeholders in SMME support in the Makana area in the categories of, big institutional buyers, public and private BDS providers as well the municipal LED office. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each stakeholder using questions shown in appendixes A to D. Perceptions of all key stakeholders were very positive with good intentions to support SMMEs. However, this was not consistent with procurement practice at the big institutional buyers. Constraints are summarized in the following five themes: Theme 1. Inconsistent practice in dealing with SMMEs across the organisation. Theme 2. Absence of a cooperative body or Chamber of Commerce. Theme 3. Fragmented Business Development Services. Theme 4. A lack of a culture of cost recovery. Theme 5. Limited awareness of BDS in the Makana area. A number of recommendations were suggested. Big institutional buyers like Rhodes University and Makana municipality need to take a longer term view and move the focus from employment creation to enterprise support which is a more sustainable and empowering source of employment (ILO, 2009). The Grahamstown Chamber of Commerce should become more representative and big institutional buyers also need to be convinced of the value of private BDS. Stakeholders should work together to combine resources to offer a comprehensive one-stop BDS for the Makana area (Chetty, 2009) and this comprehensive BDS should be provided according to the Market Development approach focusing on those services that lend themselves better to this approach whilst using subsidies only for those services with a low potential for cost recovery (UNDP, 2004).
- Full Text:
The migration of the term "civil war" : a social constructivist explanation
- Authors: Bailie, Lawrence Craig
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Civil Wars United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 Iraq -- History -- Civil War, 1991
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2845 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006022 , DOI http://doi.org/10.21504/10962/d1006022
- Description: Although the occurrence of wars between states has been in decline, the same cannot be said of conflict within states – especially when considering the innumerable ‘Civil Wars’ said to have occurred since the end of the Cold War. In this context the use of the word ‘innumerable’ is qualified more by the variance in how ‘Civil War’ is understood as a concept (leading to different claims as to how many conflicts of this kind may have occurred over a period of time) and less by their large number. Claims regarding the occurrence of ‘Civil War’ suggest this type of conflict to be the dominant form at least since the end of World War Two. This prevalence in the face of a decline in inter-state warfare has afforded greater interest to ‘Civil War’ as a topic of inquiry. The understanding that ‘Civil Wars’ have with time increased in their occurrence and changed in their nature comes under investigation in this thesis and is seen as problematic in that the means by which a phenomenon is measured (i.e. through its nature) must be fixed so as to measure the frequency of that phenomenon. Using Social Constructivism as a theoretical lens of inquiry, sense is made of this understanding and, furthermore, the true meaning behind the claim that ‘Civil War’ has changed is revealed. The empirical evidence that accompanies this theoretical work exists in the American Civil War of 1861–1865 and the debate over the conflict in Iraq following the U.S. invasion in 2003. This debate is used as a means by which to bring the contestation over the notion of ‘Civil War’ to the fore, while a comparison of this conflict with the quintessential American Civil War reveals the migration of the term.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Bailie, Lawrence Craig
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Civil Wars United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 Iraq -- History -- Civil War, 1991
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2845 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006022 , DOI http://doi.org/10.21504/10962/d1006022
- Description: Although the occurrence of wars between states has been in decline, the same cannot be said of conflict within states – especially when considering the innumerable ‘Civil Wars’ said to have occurred since the end of the Cold War. In this context the use of the word ‘innumerable’ is qualified more by the variance in how ‘Civil War’ is understood as a concept (leading to different claims as to how many conflicts of this kind may have occurred over a period of time) and less by their large number. Claims regarding the occurrence of ‘Civil War’ suggest this type of conflict to be the dominant form at least since the end of World War Two. This prevalence in the face of a decline in inter-state warfare has afforded greater interest to ‘Civil War’ as a topic of inquiry. The understanding that ‘Civil Wars’ have with time increased in their occurrence and changed in their nature comes under investigation in this thesis and is seen as problematic in that the means by which a phenomenon is measured (i.e. through its nature) must be fixed so as to measure the frequency of that phenomenon. Using Social Constructivism as a theoretical lens of inquiry, sense is made of this understanding and, furthermore, the true meaning behind the claim that ‘Civil War’ has changed is revealed. The empirical evidence that accompanies this theoretical work exists in the American Civil War of 1861–1865 and the debate over the conflict in Iraq following the U.S. invasion in 2003. This debate is used as a means by which to bring the contestation over the notion of ‘Civil War’ to the fore, while a comparison of this conflict with the quintessential American Civil War reveals the migration of the term.
- Full Text:
Repetitive symbolic play as a therapeutic process
- Authors: Campbell, Megan
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Play therapy Symbolic play Child psychology Developmental psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2944 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002453
- Description: Child centred play therapy theory explains that the facilitative environment of the relationship between child and play therapist allows the child the opportunity to confront emotional pain imbedded in lived, relational experiences, and in so doing process and gain mastery over it. However very little research exists into how the child, through his use of repetitive, symbolic play, as a therapeutic process, achieves this resolution. This research project aims to address this gap in research by exploring and describing repetitive symbolic play as a therapeutic process within child centred play therapy that facilitates change in the child‟s sense of self, assisting him towards healthy adjustment. The research project uses a young boys‟ therapeutic process as a case study, employing a qualitative research design that draws from interpretative research. Fourteen repetitive play sequence themes were analysed within the context of the case formulation and follow-up feedback meetings that took place throughout the therapy process. Using a hermeneutic enquiry the researcher illustrates how the child‟s sense of self, dependent on his perceptions of his external environment, became far more congruent, as evident through his behaviour, when his environment, first in play therapy, then at home and at school became more consistent, supportive and nurturing. Within this facilitative environment the researcher then describes how the child used repetitive symbolic play to address and process emotional issues relating to earlier experiences within his external environment. Hermeneutic analysis suggests that the child‟s use of repetitive symbolic play within the facilitative relationship between him and his therapist became a therapeutic process in and of itself that contributed towards self-directed healing, and change within his sense of self, that promoted healthier adjustment within his environment.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Campbell, Megan
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Play therapy Symbolic play Child psychology Developmental psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2944 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002453
- Description: Child centred play therapy theory explains that the facilitative environment of the relationship between child and play therapist allows the child the opportunity to confront emotional pain imbedded in lived, relational experiences, and in so doing process and gain mastery over it. However very little research exists into how the child, through his use of repetitive, symbolic play, as a therapeutic process, achieves this resolution. This research project aims to address this gap in research by exploring and describing repetitive symbolic play as a therapeutic process within child centred play therapy that facilitates change in the child‟s sense of self, assisting him towards healthy adjustment. The research project uses a young boys‟ therapeutic process as a case study, employing a qualitative research design that draws from interpretative research. Fourteen repetitive play sequence themes were analysed within the context of the case formulation and follow-up feedback meetings that took place throughout the therapy process. Using a hermeneutic enquiry the researcher illustrates how the child‟s sense of self, dependent on his perceptions of his external environment, became far more congruent, as evident through his behaviour, when his environment, first in play therapy, then at home and at school became more consistent, supportive and nurturing. Within this facilitative environment the researcher then describes how the child used repetitive symbolic play to address and process emotional issues relating to earlier experiences within his external environment. Hermeneutic analysis suggests that the child‟s use of repetitive symbolic play within the facilitative relationship between him and his therapist became a therapeutic process in and of itself that contributed towards self-directed healing, and change within his sense of self, that promoted healthier adjustment within his environment.
- Full Text:
Explanation in rule-based expert systems
- Authors: Carden, Kenneth John
- Date: 1988
- Subjects: Expert systems (Computer science) Ecology -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4569 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002034
- Description: The ability of an expert system to explain its reasoning is fundamental to the system's credibility. Explanations become even more vital in systems which use methods of uncertainty propagation. The research documented here describes the development of an explanation sub-system which interfaces with the P.R.O. Expert System Toolkit. This toolkit has been used in the development of three small ecological expert systems. This project has involved adapting the results of research in the field of explanation-generation, to the requirements of the ecologist users. The subsystem contains two major components. The first lists the rules that fired during a consultation. The second component comprises routines responsible for quantifying the effects on the system conclusions of the answers given to questions. These latter routines can be used to perform sensitivity analyses on the answers given. The incorporation of such routines in small expert systems is quite unique
- Full Text:
- Authors: Carden, Kenneth John
- Date: 1988
- Subjects: Expert systems (Computer science) Ecology -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4569 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002034
- Description: The ability of an expert system to explain its reasoning is fundamental to the system's credibility. Explanations become even more vital in systems which use methods of uncertainty propagation. The research documented here describes the development of an explanation sub-system which interfaces with the P.R.O. Expert System Toolkit. This toolkit has been used in the development of three small ecological expert systems. This project has involved adapting the results of research in the field of explanation-generation, to the requirements of the ecologist users. The subsystem contains two major components. The first lists the rules that fired during a consultation. The second component comprises routines responsible for quantifying the effects on the system conclusions of the answers given to questions. These latter routines can be used to perform sensitivity analyses on the answers given. The incorporation of such routines in small expert systems is quite unique
- Full Text:
Goethe's theory of colours: Rudolf Steiner's foundation for an impulse in painting
- Authors: Coetzee, Cyril Lawlor
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Goethe, Johann Wolfgang Von, 1749-1832 -- Aesthetics Steiner, Rudolf, 1861-1925 Color in art Painting, Modern Goethe, Johann Wolfgang Von, 1749-1832 -- Knowledge -- Art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2464 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008571
- Description: From Introduction: In his influential treatise, Concerning the Spiritual in Art, Wassily Kandinsky refers to Goethe's "prophetic remark" made in connection with the relationship between the arts in which Goethe had asserted that "painting must count this relationship her main foundation". Kandinsky went on to say that Painting in his day stood "at the first stage of a road by which she abstraction of composition". I will, according to her thought and arrive own possibilities, make art an finally at purely artistic What he seems to have been suggesting is that form, colour and sound are differentiated expressions of a unifying spiritual content, that this spiritual content lives also somehow in the human soul and that it is the new task of the artist to awaken original creativity from out of this spirit by working consciously in creative empathy with the laws implicit in form, colour and sound. The extent to which this view of creativity is indebted to Goethe is only fully realised when it is discovered how closely Kandinsky's writings on colour recapitulate his. In an unpublished essay: Goethe's Theory of Colours : Its relation to some aspects in . the history of Art, Michael Grimly argues that not only Kandinsky in Germany but also Chevreul, the colour-theoretician who was, in France, the leading light, in a technical sense, both of Delacroix and of the Impressionists simply repeats in his writings on Colour many of the ideas that Goethe had already formulated.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Coetzee, Cyril Lawlor
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Goethe, Johann Wolfgang Von, 1749-1832 -- Aesthetics Steiner, Rudolf, 1861-1925 Color in art Painting, Modern Goethe, Johann Wolfgang Von, 1749-1832 -- Knowledge -- Art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: vital:2464 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008571
- Description: From Introduction: In his influential treatise, Concerning the Spiritual in Art, Wassily Kandinsky refers to Goethe's "prophetic remark" made in connection with the relationship between the arts in which Goethe had asserted that "painting must count this relationship her main foundation". Kandinsky went on to say that Painting in his day stood "at the first stage of a road by which she abstraction of composition". I will, according to her thought and arrive own possibilities, make art an finally at purely artistic What he seems to have been suggesting is that form, colour and sound are differentiated expressions of a unifying spiritual content, that this spiritual content lives also somehow in the human soul and that it is the new task of the artist to awaken original creativity from out of this spirit by working consciously in creative empathy with the laws implicit in form, colour and sound. The extent to which this view of creativity is indebted to Goethe is only fully realised when it is discovered how closely Kandinsky's writings on colour recapitulate his. In an unpublished essay: Goethe's Theory of Colours : Its relation to some aspects in . the history of Art, Michael Grimly argues that not only Kandinsky in Germany but also Chevreul, the colour-theoretician who was, in France, the leading light, in a technical sense, both of Delacroix and of the Impressionists simply repeats in his writings on Colour many of the ideas that Goethe had already formulated.
- Full Text:
St. Columba's Presbyterian Church, Parkview
- Authors: Paterson, J F
- Date: 1974
- Subjects: St. Columba's Presbyterian Church, South Africa , Presbyterian church buildings -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BDiv
- Identifier: vital:1264 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013006
- Description: The early years of St. Columba's. Parkview is situated to the north of Johannesburg, below the Westcliff Ridge, about four miles from the city centre ... by 1920 it was the centre of the rapidly developing northern areas of Johannesburg. One man who was aware of its growth was the minister of Clifton Presbyterian Church, Rev. James Gray. A man of vision and determination, he had been responsible for establishing the first Presbyterian Church in the Transvaal, at Barberton, and now his enthusiasm for Church extension work was directed towards Parkview. In August, 1920, two months after his induction to the charge at Clifton, he reported to his Session that: "The growing suburb of Parkview had no Church to see to the spiritual needs of the people there and in the districts around". He drew to their attention the fact that the Transvaal Consolidated Lands Investment Co. were offering building sites in the area, with loans, so that if the residents of the area were in favour, and were prepared to help obtain the necessary funds, then the time was ripe for establishing a new Church. The vision was swiftly followed by action. Intro., p. 1.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Paterson, J F
- Date: 1974
- Subjects: St. Columba's Presbyterian Church, South Africa , Presbyterian church buildings -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BDiv
- Identifier: vital:1264 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013006
- Description: The early years of St. Columba's. Parkview is situated to the north of Johannesburg, below the Westcliff Ridge, about four miles from the city centre ... by 1920 it was the centre of the rapidly developing northern areas of Johannesburg. One man who was aware of its growth was the minister of Clifton Presbyterian Church, Rev. James Gray. A man of vision and determination, he had been responsible for establishing the first Presbyterian Church in the Transvaal, at Barberton, and now his enthusiasm for Church extension work was directed towards Parkview. In August, 1920, two months after his induction to the charge at Clifton, he reported to his Session that: "The growing suburb of Parkview had no Church to see to the spiritual needs of the people there and in the districts around". He drew to their attention the fact that the Transvaal Consolidated Lands Investment Co. were offering building sites in the area, with loans, so that if the residents of the area were in favour, and were prepared to help obtain the necessary funds, then the time was ripe for establishing a new Church. The vision was swiftly followed by action. Intro., p. 1.
- Full Text:
- «
- ‹
- 1
- ›
- »