Preliminary study on the potential use of Fly Ash as a Ventilated Improved Pit Latrine Additive:
- Collings, Dylan, Tandlich, Roman, Dube, Cyril S, Madikizela, Phindile, Ngqwala, Nosiphiwe P, Ahmed, Mustaque
- Authors: Collings, Dylan , Tandlich, Roman , Dube, Cyril S , Madikizela, Phindile , Ngqwala, Nosiphiwe P , Ahmed, Mustaque
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/160334 , vital:40436 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.5276/JSWTM/2019.395
- Description: This study describes the results of a series of laboratory experiments on aimed at developing of a protocol for the use of fly ash as a pit additive in the ventilated improved pit latrines (VIPs) in South Africa. Model VIP vaults were prepared in the laboratory and filled with synthetic faecal sludge; and dosed with fly ash in amounts ranging from 5 to 20 % (w/w).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Collings, Dylan , Tandlich, Roman , Dube, Cyril S , Madikizela, Phindile , Ngqwala, Nosiphiwe P , Ahmed, Mustaque
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/160334 , vital:40436 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.5276/JSWTM/2019.395
- Description: This study describes the results of a series of laboratory experiments on aimed at developing of a protocol for the use of fly ash as a pit additive in the ventilated improved pit latrines (VIPs) in South Africa. Model VIP vaults were prepared in the laboratory and filled with synthetic faecal sludge; and dosed with fly ash in amounts ranging from 5 to 20 % (w/w).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Biphenyl sorption to different soil clay minerals
- Tandlich, Roman, Baláž, Štefan
- Authors: Tandlich, Roman , Baláž, Štefan
- Date: 2011
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76869 , vital:30632 , https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR10.1012
- Description: Only limited information is available in the literature on the role of soil mineral surfaces in the sorption of hydrophobic organic pollutants. This knowledge gap is addressed through the assessment of biphenyl sorption to kaolinite, illite and bentonite; using the batch equilibration technique with incubations lasting 6 or 21 days at 28 ± 2°C in the dark [RT1]. Sorption of biphenyl onto kaolinite followed the Freundlich sorption isotherm, whereas linear sorption isotherms were observed on illite and bentonite [RT2]. The biphenyl sorption partition coefficient on kaolinite ranged from 0.1 to 9.1 cm3.g-1 after 6 days and no sorption was observed after 21 days. This could have been caused by a completely reversible sorption or a loss of binding capacity after 21 days [RT3]. The respective values of the biphenyl sorption partition coefficient on illite and bentonite ranged from 20.3 ± 0.3 to 120 ± 8 cm3.g-1.Sorption equilibrium on the internal clay surfaces was reached after 6 days, as indicated by the sorption data for illite and bentonite [RT4]. Access of biphenyl molecules to the internal clay surfaces is a function of the ionic strength of soil solution and the soil organic matter is the dominant site for biphenyl sorption after 6 to 21 days.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Tandlich, Roman , Baláž, Štefan
- Date: 2011
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76869 , vital:30632 , https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR10.1012
- Description: Only limited information is available in the literature on the role of soil mineral surfaces in the sorption of hydrophobic organic pollutants. This knowledge gap is addressed through the assessment of biphenyl sorption to kaolinite, illite and bentonite; using the batch equilibration technique with incubations lasting 6 or 21 days at 28 ± 2°C in the dark [RT1]. Sorption of biphenyl onto kaolinite followed the Freundlich sorption isotherm, whereas linear sorption isotherms were observed on illite and bentonite [RT2]. The biphenyl sorption partition coefficient on kaolinite ranged from 0.1 to 9.1 cm3.g-1 after 6 days and no sorption was observed after 21 days. This could have been caused by a completely reversible sorption or a loss of binding capacity after 21 days [RT3]. The respective values of the biphenyl sorption partition coefficient on illite and bentonite ranged from 20.3 ± 0.3 to 120 ± 8 cm3.g-1.Sorption equilibrium on the internal clay surfaces was reached after 6 days, as indicated by the sorption data for illite and bentonite [RT4]. Access of biphenyl molecules to the internal clay surfaces is a function of the ionic strength of soil solution and the soil organic matter is the dominant site for biphenyl sorption after 6 to 21 days.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Submerged membrane bioreactor and secondary digestion for the treatment of wine distillery wastewater: Part I: Raw wine distillery wastewater digestion
- Melamane, Xolisa L, Tandlich, Roman, Burgess, Jo E
- Authors: Melamane, Xolisa L , Tandlich, Roman , Burgess, Jo E
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76139 , vital:30511 , https://www.prt-parlar.de/download_feb_2007/
- Description: A combination of a submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) and a secondary digester was tested for the treatment of wine distillery wastewater (WDW). The experimental system, consisting of four individual reactors, was tested during a 30-days study. Buffering of pH was achieved by mixing the feed stream of the system with 1000 mg/l of CaCO3 and K2HPO4 for the initial 10 days of the bioreactor system operation, and with 8000 mg/l of CaCO3 and 4000 mg/l of K2HPO4 for the remainder of the study. Buffering proved to be significant for optimum performance of the system in removal of soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODS), and volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Different batches of WDW used for feeding the reactor had variable compositions with respect to concentrations of nitrates, ammonium and the total concentration of phenolic compounds. Am-monium accumulated in the secondary digester after 14 days of treatment system operation, indicating the time required for the establishment of anaerobic conditions in the system. An additional step would be required for removal of phosphates from the effluent of the bioreactor, e.g., reverse osmosis, if the effluent is to be reused in production or other applications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Melamane, Xolisa L , Tandlich, Roman , Burgess, Jo E
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76139 , vital:30511 , https://www.prt-parlar.de/download_feb_2007/
- Description: A combination of a submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) and a secondary digester was tested for the treatment of wine distillery wastewater (WDW). The experimental system, consisting of four individual reactors, was tested during a 30-days study. Buffering of pH was achieved by mixing the feed stream of the system with 1000 mg/l of CaCO3 and K2HPO4 for the initial 10 days of the bioreactor system operation, and with 8000 mg/l of CaCO3 and 4000 mg/l of K2HPO4 for the remainder of the study. Buffering proved to be significant for optimum performance of the system in removal of soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODS), and volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Different batches of WDW used for feeding the reactor had variable compositions with respect to concentrations of nitrates, ammonium and the total concentration of phenolic compounds. Am-monium accumulated in the secondary digester after 14 days of treatment system operation, indicating the time required for the establishment of anaerobic conditions in the system. An additional step would be required for removal of phosphates from the effluent of the bioreactor, e.g., reverse osmosis, if the effluent is to be reused in production or other applications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Treatment of wine distillery wastewater by high rate anaerobic digestion
- Melamane, Xolisa L, Tandlich, Roman, Burgess, Jo E
- Authors: Melamane, Xolisa L , Tandlich, Roman , Burgess, Jo E
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75896 , vital:30480 , https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.466
- Description: Wine distillery wastewaters (WDW) are acidic and have a high content of potential organic pollutants. This causes high chemical oxygen demand (COD) values. Polyphenols constitute a significant portion of this COD, and limit the efficiency of biological treatment of WDWs. WDW starting parameters were as follows: pH 3.83, 4,185 mg/l soluble COD (CODs) and 674.6 mg/l of phenols. During operation, amendments of CaCO3 and K2HPO4, individually or in combination, were required for buffering the digester.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Melamane, Xolisa L , Tandlich, Roman , Burgess, Jo E
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75896 , vital:30480 , https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.466
- Description: Wine distillery wastewaters (WDW) are acidic and have a high content of potential organic pollutants. This causes high chemical oxygen demand (COD) values. Polyphenols constitute a significant portion of this COD, and limit the efficiency of biological treatment of WDWs. WDW starting parameters were as follows: pH 3.83, 4,185 mg/l soluble COD (CODs) and 674.6 mg/l of phenols. During operation, amendments of CaCO3 and K2HPO4, individually or in combination, were required for buffering the digester.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2007
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