AIA's Southern Africa Chronicle - Volume VIII No.2
- Africa Information Afrique (AIA)
- Authors: Africa Information Afrique (AIA)
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: AIA
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/169389 , vital:41745
- Description: Windhoek, January 16,1995 (AIA/Joshua Amupadhi) — Many impoverished Namibians are demanding swifter change to better their lives following elections which restored the ruling SWAPO party to power for another five years. SWAPO, the former guerrilla organisation which fought for the independence of Namibia from apartheid South African rulers, won an easy victory in the first post independence elections in December. Those interviewed say five years were enough for the former liberation movement to have made a good start on improving the standards of living of many previously disadvantaged Namibians and dismantle apartheid structures established during 75 years of South African colonialism. One SWAPO supporter says independence has created only a black elite to join whites in the rich suburban areas but has not narrowed the gap between the rich and poor.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
- Authors: Africa Information Afrique (AIA)
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: AIA
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/169389 , vital:41745
- Description: Windhoek, January 16,1995 (AIA/Joshua Amupadhi) — Many impoverished Namibians are demanding swifter change to better their lives following elections which restored the ruling SWAPO party to power for another five years. SWAPO, the former guerrilla organisation which fought for the independence of Namibia from apartheid South African rulers, won an easy victory in the first post independence elections in December. Those interviewed say five years were enough for the former liberation movement to have made a good start on improving the standards of living of many previously disadvantaged Namibians and dismantle apartheid structures established during 75 years of South African colonialism. One SWAPO supporter says independence has created only a black elite to join whites in the rich suburban areas but has not narrowed the gap between the rich and poor.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
Focus on the labour realtions bill and Nedlac
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: Feb 1995
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/136452 , vital:37380
- Description: The year has hardly begun but there are already exciting developments for workers. On 2 February, the Minister of Labour, Tito Mboweni, unveiled a new draft Labour Relations Bill and on 18 February President Nelson Mandela launched the new National Economic, Development and Labour Council, called NEDLAC. The draft Labour Relations Act is a culmination of struggles by workers over the years against apartheid’s labour dispensation. Many of our demands from the Workers Charter and Platform of Worker Rights are included in the proposed law. The strike wave by Pick ’n Pay workers and others last year sent a clear message to the new government: “Our labour law is out of date and inappropriate for a democratic country.” In August 1994, the Minister of Labour appointed a team of lawyers to draft a new law.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Feb 1995
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: Feb 1995
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/136452 , vital:37380
- Description: The year has hardly begun but there are already exciting developments for workers. On 2 February, the Minister of Labour, Tito Mboweni, unveiled a new draft Labour Relations Bill and on 18 February President Nelson Mandela launched the new National Economic, Development and Labour Council, called NEDLAC. The draft Labour Relations Act is a culmination of struggles by workers over the years against apartheid’s labour dispensation. Many of our demands from the Workers Charter and Platform of Worker Rights are included in the proposed law. The strike wave by Pick ’n Pay workers and others last year sent a clear message to the new government: “Our labour law is out of date and inappropriate for a democratic country.” In August 1994, the Minister of Labour appointed a team of lawyers to draft a new law.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Feb 1995
Negotiations Bulletin - Workers speak with one voice
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: May 1995
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/137411 , vital:37521
- Description: Almost two million organised workers from COSATU, NACTU and FEDSAL are speaking with one voice on the Labour Relations Bill. The country’s three major federations have identified a number of areas in the draft LRA that need to be dealt with for the benefit of all workers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: May 1995
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: May 1995
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/137411 , vital:37521
- Description: Almost two million organised workers from COSATU, NACTU and FEDSAL are speaking with one voice on the Labour Relations Bill. The country’s three major federations have identified a number of areas in the draft LRA that need to be dealt with for the benefit of all workers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: May 1995
SADTU News - Model C Schools
- SADTU
- Authors: SADTU
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: SADTU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/161012 , vital:40580
- Description: Model C Schools have created great controversy in recent educational policy debate. SADTU has joined the fray in opposition to the retention of these schools. Model C is a particular type of state aided school which is different to state aided schools like the farm schools that came under the authority of the former black Department of Education and Training (DET). The latter schools were mostly poorly resourced and inadequately staffed. Model C schools are state aided schools that have governing bodies elected by the parents, with power over a number of key functions of the school. These include control over admissions policy, the power to charge compulsory school fees and to raise funds by other means (e.g. renting out the school's property), the power to decide how the school's money is to be spent (e.g. school maintenance, the hiring of additional teachers and other staff, the buying of books and equipment, and the power to exercise influence over the hiring and disciplining of teachers). The system is unique among state- aided schools in that Model Cs are all former state schools in the privileged white school system. Nearly all inherited a sound infrastructure provided largely by the state in the form of school buildings, grounds, libraries, laboratories etc. They also inherited a well qualified teaching staff, whose training (the best in the country) was also partly the result of public subsidies. Model C has several strengths which has led to the ongoing controversy. Parental participation in the schooling of their children has been mobilised. The governing bodies actually have power over important aspects of the school in contrast to the old comparatively toothless management councils. This, it appears, has ensured that parents, whether they approve of Model C or not, take them much more seriously since the governing bodies can take decisions which materially affect them and their children's education. In addition, this model has mobilised private resources for education and ensured that a relatively high level of provision can be maintained while state funding is decreased. Money thus saved by the state - reportedly about R1 billion - can be diverted to redressing the inadequacies of African education.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
- Authors: SADTU
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: SADTU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/161012 , vital:40580
- Description: Model C Schools have created great controversy in recent educational policy debate. SADTU has joined the fray in opposition to the retention of these schools. Model C is a particular type of state aided school which is different to state aided schools like the farm schools that came under the authority of the former black Department of Education and Training (DET). The latter schools were mostly poorly resourced and inadequately staffed. Model C schools are state aided schools that have governing bodies elected by the parents, with power over a number of key functions of the school. These include control over admissions policy, the power to charge compulsory school fees and to raise funds by other means (e.g. renting out the school's property), the power to decide how the school's money is to be spent (e.g. school maintenance, the hiring of additional teachers and other staff, the buying of books and equipment, and the power to exercise influence over the hiring and disciplining of teachers). The system is unique among state- aided schools in that Model Cs are all former state schools in the privileged white school system. Nearly all inherited a sound infrastructure provided largely by the state in the form of school buildings, grounds, libraries, laboratories etc. They also inherited a well qualified teaching staff, whose training (the best in the country) was also partly the result of public subsidies. Model C has several strengths which has led to the ongoing controversy. Parental participation in the schooling of their children has been mobilised. The governing bodies actually have power over important aspects of the school in contrast to the old comparatively toothless management councils. This, it appears, has ensured that parents, whether they approve of Model C or not, take them much more seriously since the governing bodies can take decisions which materially affect them and their children's education. In addition, this model has mobilised private resources for education and ensured that a relatively high level of provision can be maintained while state funding is decreased. Money thus saved by the state - reportedly about R1 billion - can be diverted to redressing the inadequacies of African education.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
SADTU's third national congress
- SADTU
- Authors: SADTU
- Date: Jul 1995
- Subjects: SADTU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134562 , vital:37178
- Description: The Third Biennial Congress of the South African Democratic Teachers Union (Sadtu) is one of the most important national events in the short but eventful history of this giant teacher union. This Congress takes place against the backround of unprecedented political transformation which was ushered in by the dawn of a new democracy in April 1994. History will proudly record Sadtu as one of those pioneering allies who fought resiliently to liberate the masses of our people and to eradicate Apartheid education and all its vestiges. This Congress, scheduled to be convened during the period 11-13 July 1995, will be graced by the presence of more that 700 accredited Sadtu delegates, 100 national observers and 20 international guests. This, in fact, will be the largest assembly of delegates at a Sadtu Congress since inception. Since its inception in 1990 Sadtu has been steadfast and persistent in its resolve to transform the education system in our country. The early 1990’s were an era of heightened levels of teacher consciousness which highlighted the plight of the South African teacher. It was during this period and thereafter that thousands of teachers swelled the ranks of Sadtu as it was viewed as a champion of teacher rights and an ideal vehicle for transformative changes as espoused by the teacher at the grassroots level. This significant shift of membership from established teacher associations disturbed the balance of power in the education terrain. In grasping the strategic initiative Sadtu was able to earn an enviable position in educational struggles.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Jul 1995
- Authors: SADTU
- Date: Jul 1995
- Subjects: SADTU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134562 , vital:37178
- Description: The Third Biennial Congress of the South African Democratic Teachers Union (Sadtu) is one of the most important national events in the short but eventful history of this giant teacher union. This Congress takes place against the backround of unprecedented political transformation which was ushered in by the dawn of a new democracy in April 1994. History will proudly record Sadtu as one of those pioneering allies who fought resiliently to liberate the masses of our people and to eradicate Apartheid education and all its vestiges. This Congress, scheduled to be convened during the period 11-13 July 1995, will be graced by the presence of more that 700 accredited Sadtu delegates, 100 national observers and 20 international guests. This, in fact, will be the largest assembly of delegates at a Sadtu Congress since inception. Since its inception in 1990 Sadtu has been steadfast and persistent in its resolve to transform the education system in our country. The early 1990’s were an era of heightened levels of teacher consciousness which highlighted the plight of the South African teacher. It was during this period and thereafter that thousands of teachers swelled the ranks of Sadtu as it was viewed as a champion of teacher rights and an ideal vehicle for transformative changes as espoused by the teacher at the grassroots level. This significant shift of membership from established teacher associations disturbed the balance of power in the education terrain. In grasping the strategic initiative Sadtu was able to earn an enviable position in educational struggles.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Jul 1995
SAMWU NEWS Volume 1 - Rebuild and Unite
- SAMWU
- Authors: SAMWU
- Date: Sep 1995
- Subjects: SAMWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/113303 , vital:33743
- Description: As a democratic Union and driven by its members, it is imperative for us to bring about the transformation within the Cape Town Branch and the City Council. The Shopstewards, our elected representatives, cannot do it by themselves and therefore need the support and input from their members they represent. We need to: develope new leadership and build capacity within the organisation, seriously address workplace democracy and joint decision-making address gender equality at the workplace, develope the skills and competencies of workers, vigorously implement education, training and development programmes through Affirmative Action for those previously disadvantaged. WHAT IS YOUR ROLE ? We should also dissuade other SAMWU members from crossing over to other Unions for material benefits but that they look closely at the history of these Unions and whether they can adequately protect the rights of workers and whether they have the interest of workers at heart. We have seen how other Unions are recruiting members by offering them all kinds of elaborate schemes, but not addressing the fundamental issues of workers’ rights, protection of job security, the right to strike and the question of narrowing the discriminate wage gap. We need to protect and fight against these policies of differentiation between workers. As we can see from the above, many challenges and work are lying ahead of us to build and unite the strong union. Now is the time - let us face the challenges together to build strong union and worker leadership.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Sep 1995
- Authors: SAMWU
- Date: Sep 1995
- Subjects: SAMWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/113303 , vital:33743
- Description: As a democratic Union and driven by its members, it is imperative for us to bring about the transformation within the Cape Town Branch and the City Council. The Shopstewards, our elected representatives, cannot do it by themselves and therefore need the support and input from their members they represent. We need to: develope new leadership and build capacity within the organisation, seriously address workplace democracy and joint decision-making address gender equality at the workplace, develope the skills and competencies of workers, vigorously implement education, training and development programmes through Affirmative Action for those previously disadvantaged. WHAT IS YOUR ROLE ? We should also dissuade other SAMWU members from crossing over to other Unions for material benefits but that they look closely at the history of these Unions and whether they can adequately protect the rights of workers and whether they have the interest of workers at heart. We have seen how other Unions are recruiting members by offering them all kinds of elaborate schemes, but not addressing the fundamental issues of workers’ rights, protection of job security, the right to strike and the question of narrowing the discriminate wage gap. We need to protect and fight against these policies of differentiation between workers. As we can see from the above, many challenges and work are lying ahead of us to build and unite the strong union. Now is the time - let us face the challenges together to build strong union and worker leadership.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Sep 1995
The road ahead
- NUMSA
- Authors: NUMSA
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: NUMSA
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/113080 , vital:33699
- Description: Comrades, in 1993 we set out what we wanted to win by June 1996. Then we achieved the victory that we had fought so hard for - a non-racial government that is democratic and transparent. But on the shopfloor we still see apartheid: racial inequalities - high wage differences between workers and management, poorly trained workers (mostly black and our members) racist management who oppress our members, badly managed factories with S old machinery. All these are obstacles that prevent us building worker power, worker control and a better life for all. Read what we have won. Discuss what we should campaign around in 1995.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
- Authors: NUMSA
- Date: 1995
- Subjects: NUMSA
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/113080 , vital:33699
- Description: Comrades, in 1993 we set out what we wanted to win by June 1996. Then we achieved the victory that we had fought so hard for - a non-racial government that is democratic and transparent. But on the shopfloor we still see apartheid: racial inequalities - high wage differences between workers and management, poorly trained workers (mostly black and our members) racist management who oppress our members, badly managed factories with S old machinery. All these are obstacles that prevent us building worker power, worker control and a better life for all. Read what we have won. Discuss what we should campaign around in 1995.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1995
APDUSA Views
- Date: 1994-09
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33630 , vital:32910 , Bulk File 7
- Description: APDUSA Views was published by the African People’s Democratic Union of Southern Africa (Natal), an affiliate of the New Unity Movement.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1994-09
- Date: 1994-09
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33630 , vital:32910 , Bulk File 7
- Description: APDUSA Views was published by the African People’s Democratic Union of Southern Africa (Natal), an affiliate of the New Unity Movement.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1994-09
Message from the President - Mr. B B Mabandla
- SADTU
- Authors: SADTU
- Date: Jul 1994
- Subjects: SADTU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134573 , vital:37179
- Description: On behalf of SADTU I wish to thank teachers generally and members of the Union in particular, for their valuable contribution to the success of the recent elections, The Union’s stated commitment to educate the masses on voting was demonstrated by the large numbers of our members who were involved in voter education in their respective communities. In spite of the high rate of illiteracy, there was a negligible number of spoilt papers. I also wish to congratulate Professor S .M.E. Bengu on being appointed National Minister of Education. We assure him and his colleagues in the provinces of the Union’s support as long as their dealings with teachers is democratic and not patronising. To all our Comrades who made it to parliament - both regionally and nationally - Congratulations! It is with a sense of pride and achievement that we South Africans of all persuasions, were able to pull off this remarkable feat that has ushered in, what appeared to some, an unattainable dream.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Jul 1994
- Authors: SADTU
- Date: Jul 1994
- Subjects: SADTU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134573 , vital:37179
- Description: On behalf of SADTU I wish to thank teachers generally and members of the Union in particular, for their valuable contribution to the success of the recent elections, The Union’s stated commitment to educate the masses on voting was demonstrated by the large numbers of our members who were involved in voter education in their respective communities. In spite of the high rate of illiteracy, there was a negligible number of spoilt papers. I also wish to congratulate Professor S .M.E. Bengu on being appointed National Minister of Education. We assure him and his colleagues in the provinces of the Union’s support as long as their dealings with teachers is democratic and not patronising. To all our Comrades who made it to parliament - both regionally and nationally - Congratulations! It is with a sense of pride and achievement that we South Africans of all persuasions, were able to pull off this remarkable feat that has ushered in, what appeared to some, an unattainable dream.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Jul 1994
Resolution on fisheries
- FAWU
- Authors: FAWU
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: FAWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/173961 , vital:42426
- Description: Historically, access to marine resources was unrestricted. In order to facilitate the monopolisation of the fishing resource by a few white companies, a system of quotas was introduced. In this way many black fisher folk lost the access rights they had had for generations. At the present time, the fishing industry is completely biased in favour of a few large and medium sized white companies. This is illustrated by the fact that just three (3) companies hold : • 72% of the hake quota; • 75% of the abalone quota, and • 71 % of the sole quota Overall, across all species, approximately nine tenths (9/10) of the resource is controlled by a hand-full of companies. Since 1994, some of these companies have attempted to blacken their faces. They have also sold minority shares to some black business consortia. Further, a few members of the black elite have been given quotas. None of the above amounts to any kind of restructuring. None of the historic imbalances have been addressed. The above have merely been attempts to confuse the issue and to frustrate any process that attempts to restructure the industry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
- Authors: FAWU
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: FAWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/173961 , vital:42426
- Description: Historically, access to marine resources was unrestricted. In order to facilitate the monopolisation of the fishing resource by a few white companies, a system of quotas was introduced. In this way many black fisher folk lost the access rights they had had for generations. At the present time, the fishing industry is completely biased in favour of a few large and medium sized white companies. This is illustrated by the fact that just three (3) companies hold : • 72% of the hake quota; • 75% of the abalone quota, and • 71 % of the sole quota Overall, across all species, approximately nine tenths (9/10) of the resource is controlled by a hand-full of companies. Since 1994, some of these companies have attempted to blacken their faces. They have also sold minority shares to some black business consortia. Further, a few members of the black elite have been given quotas. None of the above amounts to any kind of restructuring. None of the historic imbalances have been addressed. The above have merely been attempts to confuse the issue and to frustrate any process that attempts to restructure the industry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
Resolving ambiguous results of host-specificity tests the case of two Leptinotarsa species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) for biological control of Solanum elaeagnifolium Cavanilles (Solanaceae) in South Africa
- Olckers, T, Hulley, Patrick E
- Authors: Olckers, T , Hulley, Patrick E
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452358 , vital:75122 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_421
- Description: Two leaf-feeding chrysomelids from North America, Leptinotarsa texana (Schaeffer) and Leptinotarsa defecta (Stal), are promising candidates for the biological control of Solanum elaeagnifolium Cavanilles (Solanaceae) in South Africa. Permission for release was delayed because the beetles fed on cultivated eggplant (Solanum melongena Linnaeus) under cage conditions. After considerable deliberation and further investigation, it was concluded that the results of the cage tests had been overemphasized. The beetles were cleared for release in South Africa on the following grounds: (i) neither Leptinotarsa species attacks eggplant in their native North American habitats; (ii) in South Africa, many insect herbivores of Solanaceae feed on eggplant in cultivation but cause minor damage relative to cosmopolitan polyphagous pests; (iii) as with L. texana and L. defecta, Conchyloctenia tigrina Olivier, a South African chrysomelid that also occurs on eggplant in cultivation, fed on eggplant in indoor cages, but preferred its natural Solanum hosts in large outdoor cages; (iv) eggplant cultivation methods include crop rotation and severe pesticide regimes, which should exclude Leptinotarsa along with the other insects.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
- Authors: Olckers, T , Hulley, Patrick E
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452358 , vital:75122 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_421
- Description: Two leaf-feeding chrysomelids from North America, Leptinotarsa texana (Schaeffer) and Leptinotarsa defecta (Stal), are promising candidates for the biological control of Solanum elaeagnifolium Cavanilles (Solanaceae) in South Africa. Permission for release was delayed because the beetles fed on cultivated eggplant (Solanum melongena Linnaeus) under cage conditions. After considerable deliberation and further investigation, it was concluded that the results of the cage tests had been overemphasized. The beetles were cleared for release in South Africa on the following grounds: (i) neither Leptinotarsa species attacks eggplant in their native North American habitats; (ii) in South Africa, many insect herbivores of Solanaceae feed on eggplant in cultivation but cause minor damage relative to cosmopolitan polyphagous pests; (iii) as with L. texana and L. defecta, Conchyloctenia tigrina Olivier, a South African chrysomelid that also occurs on eggplant in cultivation, fed on eggplant in indoor cages, but preferred its natural Solanum hosts in large outdoor cages; (iv) eggplant cultivation methods include crop rotation and severe pesticide regimes, which should exclude Leptinotarsa along with the other insects.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
Insect herbivores on the exotic weeds Solanum elaeagnifolium Cavanilles and S. sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae) in South Africa
- Hill, Martin P, Hulley, Patrick E, Olckers, T
- Authors: Hill, Martin P , Hulley, Patrick E , Olckers, T
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451454 , vital:75050 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_58
- Description: In South Africa, the weeds Solanum elaeagnifolium Cavanilles and S. sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae) sustain little observable damage from herbivorous insects. Relatively few insect species occur on these plants and at low individual densities. Since native insects are not important in the natural control of S. elaeagnifolium and S. sisymbriifolium, additional agents should be imported for the biological control of these weeds. The absence of important local herbivores means that the possibility of interaction between these and potential biological control agents need not be a consideration in choosing the agents. The nature and numbers of the insect herbivores of S. elaeagnifolium and S. sisymbriifolium are compared with those on another solanaceous weed, S. mauritianum Scopoli, and on native Solanum species. These insect species are discussed relative to plant defence mechanisms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Hill, Martin P , Hulley, Patrick E , Olckers, T
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451454 , vital:75050 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_58
- Description: In South Africa, the weeds Solanum elaeagnifolium Cavanilles and S. sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae) sustain little observable damage from herbivorous insects. Relatively few insect species occur on these plants and at low individual densities. Since native insects are not important in the natural control of S. elaeagnifolium and S. sisymbriifolium, additional agents should be imported for the biological control of these weeds. The absence of important local herbivores means that the possibility of interaction between these and potential biological control agents need not be a consideration in choosing the agents. The nature and numbers of the insect herbivores of S. elaeagnifolium and S. sisymbriifolium are compared with those on another solanaceous weed, S. mauritianum Scopoli, and on native Solanum species. These insect species are discussed relative to plant defence mechanisms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Ranking of topical corticosteroids: principles and results
- Smith, Eric W, Haigh, John M
- Authors: Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M
- Date: 1993
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6434 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006607
- Description: The increasing synthesis and use of topical corticosteroid products over the past 30 years has necessitated the development of suitable methods for evaluating the efficacy and potency of new drug entities. Several in vivo models have been developed in this regard using laboratory animals and human subjects. Generally, these tests measure the difference in the non-immunological inflammatory response to an exogenous inflammatory mediator in the presence and absence of the corticosteroid under test. There are also immunologically based assays and several tests which assess the anti proliferative effects of the drug. Several comparative disease model evaluations have also been developed using human subjects. Most of these assays are non-ideal from one point of view or another: most are invasive methods which require some form of trauma to be induced in the skin and therefore problematic to perform and monitor.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M
- Date: 1993
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6434 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006607
- Description: The increasing synthesis and use of topical corticosteroid products over the past 30 years has necessitated the development of suitable methods for evaluating the efficacy and potency of new drug entities. Several in vivo models have been developed in this regard using laboratory animals and human subjects. Generally, these tests measure the difference in the non-immunological inflammatory response to an exogenous inflammatory mediator in the presence and absence of the corticosteroid under test. There are also immunologically based assays and several tests which assess the anti proliferative effects of the drug. Several comparative disease model evaluations have also been developed using human subjects. Most of these assays are non-ideal from one point of view or another: most are invasive methods which require some form of trauma to be induced in the skin and therefore problematic to perform and monitor.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
SADTU Western Cape Bulletin - Vol 1
- SADTU
- Authors: SADTU
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: SADTU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134655 , vital:37187
- Description: We are forced to acknowledge the major strides which SADTU has made as a union representing the interests of its members. But with equal sobriety and honesty, we have to take stock of the enormous challenges which lie ahead of a union, which is still relatively weak, both structurally and programmatically. Several branches have not been functioning effectively because of the inconsistency of leadership and grassroots members. The crisis of commitment is also reflected in the irregularity of union meetings at site and branch level and the crisis-related activities of SADTU. Because of our weakness in local structures, we are thus forced to respond in a knee-jerk manner to each specific crisis, without consolidating, the members(or non-members) in a union building process.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: SADTU
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: SADTU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134655 , vital:37187
- Description: We are forced to acknowledge the major strides which SADTU has made as a union representing the interests of its members. But with equal sobriety and honesty, we have to take stock of the enormous challenges which lie ahead of a union, which is still relatively weak, both structurally and programmatically. Several branches have not been functioning effectively because of the inconsistency of leadership and grassroots members. The crisis of commitment is also reflected in the irregularity of union meetings at site and branch level and the crisis-related activities of SADTU. Because of our weakness in local structures, we are thus forced to respond in a knee-jerk manner to each specific crisis, without consolidating, the members(or non-members) in a union building process.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
The interactive effects of light, temperature and CO[subscript 2]/O[subscript 2] ratios on photosynthesis in Coix lachryma-jobi L
- Mjwara, Jabulani M, Botha, Christiaan E J
- Authors: Mjwara, Jabulani M , Botha, Christiaan E J
- Date: 1993
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6527 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005961
- Description: A portable infra-red gas analyzer was used to investigate the interactive effects of light, temperature, and CO[subscript 2]/O[subscript 2] ratios under controlled environmental conditions in an attempt to model gas exchange characteristics of Coix lachryma-jobi L. Plotting light response curves as a function of temperature (20, 25, 30 and 35 degrees C) revealed no sign of light saturation even at a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) close to 2000 µmol m[superscript -2]s[superscript -1]. High net assimilation rates (A) of approximately 24 µmol CO[subscript 2] m[superscript -2]s[superscript -1] were realized at 30-35 degrees C. Assimilation (A) versus internal CO[subscript 2] partial pressure Ci curves showed a steep rise in A with increase in C[subscript i] but saturated at approximately 150 µl[superscript -1] and the effect was similar in either the absence or presence of O[subscript 2], under all temperature regimes. C. lachryma-jobi exhibited low CO[subscript 2] compensation points (Γ*) between 0 and 10 µl[superscript -1] at either 0 or 21% O[subscript 2]. The slopes of double reciprocal plots of 1/A versus 1/C[subscript i], were nearly identical and crossed the y-intercept at almost identical points under all O[subscript 2] concentrations. This data indicated that there was no apparent O[subscript 2] inhibition and that the apparent inhibitor constant (K[subscript i]) for O[subscript 2] at the site of carboxylation did not change with an increase in [O[subscript 2]] from 0 to 21%. These observations were further confirmed by results obtained from the analysis of apparent carboxylation efficiency where no inhibition of A with increase of [O[subscript 2]] occurred. These characteristics are thus consistent with typical features of C[subscript 4] photosynthesis.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Mjwara, Jabulani M , Botha, Christiaan E J
- Date: 1993
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6527 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005961
- Description: A portable infra-red gas analyzer was used to investigate the interactive effects of light, temperature, and CO[subscript 2]/O[subscript 2] ratios under controlled environmental conditions in an attempt to model gas exchange characteristics of Coix lachryma-jobi L. Plotting light response curves as a function of temperature (20, 25, 30 and 35 degrees C) revealed no sign of light saturation even at a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) close to 2000 µmol m[superscript -2]s[superscript -1]. High net assimilation rates (A) of approximately 24 µmol CO[subscript 2] m[superscript -2]s[superscript -1] were realized at 30-35 degrees C. Assimilation (A) versus internal CO[subscript 2] partial pressure Ci curves showed a steep rise in A with increase in C[subscript i] but saturated at approximately 150 µl[superscript -1] and the effect was similar in either the absence or presence of O[subscript 2], under all temperature regimes. C. lachryma-jobi exhibited low CO[subscript 2] compensation points (Γ*) between 0 and 10 µl[superscript -1] at either 0 or 21% O[subscript 2]. The slopes of double reciprocal plots of 1/A versus 1/C[subscript i], were nearly identical and crossed the y-intercept at almost identical points under all O[subscript 2] concentrations. This data indicated that there was no apparent O[subscript 2] inhibition and that the apparent inhibitor constant (K[subscript i]) for O[subscript 2] at the site of carboxylation did not change with an increase in [O[subscript 2]] from 0 to 21%. These observations were further confirmed by results obtained from the analysis of apparent carboxylation efficiency where no inhibition of A with increase of [O[subscript 2]] occurred. These characteristics are thus consistent with typical features of C[subscript 4] photosynthesis.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
APDUSA Views
- Date: 1992-04
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/32648 , vital:32304 , Bulk File 7
- Description: APDUSA Views was published by the African People’s Democratic Union of Southern Africa (Natal), an affiliate of the New Unity Movement.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1992-04
- Date: 1992-04
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/32648 , vital:32304 , Bulk File 7
- Description: APDUSA Views was published by the African People’s Democratic Union of Southern Africa (Natal), an affiliate of the New Unity Movement.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1992-04
Centralised bargaining now! - CWIU NBC OUTLINES PROGRAMME OF ACTION
- CWIU
- Authors: CWIU
- Date: May 1992
- Subjects: CWIU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/110172 , vital:33239
- Description: Over 150 delegates from different sectors and branches of CWIU met at Wits University on 4/ 5 April to plot the way forward within the industry. This was the unions second National Bargaining Conference. The key issue at the conference was how to fight for centralised bargaining. Keynote addresses were delivered by the Acting General Secretary, Cde Muzi Buthelezi, Cde Jay Naidoo COSATU General Secretary and CWIU President, Cde Don Gumede. Cde Gumede outlined the purposes of the conference “to assess progress and problems, to plan our path in order to provide a clear programme towards centralised bargaining as a result of proper analysis”, He urged delegates “to push employers into joint employers forums to negotiate on proper wages, job creation and an end to retrenchments”. Cde Jay Naidoo addressed the conference on the burning issues of the day. He spoke about VAT, the National Economic Negotiating Forum, trade union unity and CODESA. Cde Naidoo stressed that future economic and political policies must be formulated on the basis of daily and immediate issues facing the working people.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: May 1992
- Authors: CWIU
- Date: May 1992
- Subjects: CWIU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/110172 , vital:33239
- Description: Over 150 delegates from different sectors and branches of CWIU met at Wits University on 4/ 5 April to plot the way forward within the industry. This was the unions second National Bargaining Conference. The key issue at the conference was how to fight for centralised bargaining. Keynote addresses were delivered by the Acting General Secretary, Cde Muzi Buthelezi, Cde Jay Naidoo COSATU General Secretary and CWIU President, Cde Don Gumede. Cde Gumede outlined the purposes of the conference “to assess progress and problems, to plan our path in order to provide a clear programme towards centralised bargaining as a result of proper analysis”, He urged delegates “to push employers into joint employers forums to negotiate on proper wages, job creation and an end to retrenchments”. Cde Jay Naidoo addressed the conference on the burning issues of the day. He spoke about VAT, the National Economic Negotiating Forum, trade union unity and CODESA. Cde Naidoo stressed that future economic and political policies must be formulated on the basis of daily and immediate issues facing the working people.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: May 1992
In vitro diffusion cell design and validation. II. Temperature, agitation and membrane effects on betamethasone 17-valerate permeation
- Smith, Eric W, Haigh, John M
- Authors: Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M
- Date: 1992
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6422 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006557
- Description: An in vitro permeation cell has been designed and validated for use in monitoring the transmembrane permeation of betamethasone 17-valerate. The design utilizes common laboratory equipment and incorporates as many beneficial features as possible from other designs. The importance of fully validating the hydrodynamic performance of the cell prior to experimentation is stressed. The cell was validated by monitoring the diffusion of betamethasone 17-valerate in isopropyl myristate solution into purified isopropyl myristate receptor phase at different temperatures, different agitation rates and through different synthetic and biological membranes. The results of the hydrodynamic validation agree with data from other researchers and show that the permeation cell is adequately sensitive to these experimental parameters. The results of the membrane evaluation allow appropriate selection of the barrier material for representative transdermal experiments to be conducted. While human and porcine stratum corneum/epidermis are similar in diffusive properties, hairless mouse skin appears to be the most convenient animal membrane for these studies. Although silicone and cellulose membranes appear to be useful in this application, porous filter membranes and egg-shell membranes are insufficiently discriminatory to betamethasone 17-valerate diffusion to provide useful in vitro permeation data.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1992
- Authors: Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M
- Date: 1992
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6422 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006557
- Description: An in vitro permeation cell has been designed and validated for use in monitoring the transmembrane permeation of betamethasone 17-valerate. The design utilizes common laboratory equipment and incorporates as many beneficial features as possible from other designs. The importance of fully validating the hydrodynamic performance of the cell prior to experimentation is stressed. The cell was validated by monitoring the diffusion of betamethasone 17-valerate in isopropyl myristate solution into purified isopropyl myristate receptor phase at different temperatures, different agitation rates and through different synthetic and biological membranes. The results of the hydrodynamic validation agree with data from other researchers and show that the permeation cell is adequately sensitive to these experimental parameters. The results of the membrane evaluation allow appropriate selection of the barrier material for representative transdermal experiments to be conducted. While human and porcine stratum corneum/epidermis are similar in diffusive properties, hairless mouse skin appears to be the most convenient animal membrane for these studies. Although silicone and cellulose membranes appear to be useful in this application, porous filter membranes and egg-shell membranes are insufficiently discriminatory to betamethasone 17-valerate diffusion to provide useful in vitro permeation data.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1992
Report on the COSATU national workshop on the code of conduct for investors in a post-apartheid South Africa
- COSATU
Cancelloxus longior, a new species of xenopoclinin fish (Perciformes: Clinidae) from South Africa
- Prochazka, K, Griffiths, Charles L (Charles Llewellyn), J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology
- Authors: Prochazka, K , Griffiths, Charles L (Charles Llewellyn) , J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology
- Date: 1991-05
- Subjects: Clinidae , Fishes -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70941 , vital:29764 , Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)) Periodicals Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB))
- Description: Online version of original print edition of the Special Publication of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 51 , A new species of sand-inhabiting clinid, Cancelloxus longior, sp. n. is described from eight specimens collected between 0 and 10 metres depth from the Cape Peninsula and west coast. This species is distinguished from other members of the genus by the large number of anal fin rays and caudal vertebrae and the posterior positioning of the dorsal fin origin.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991-05
- Authors: Prochazka, K , Griffiths, Charles L (Charles Llewellyn) , J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology
- Date: 1991-05
- Subjects: Clinidae , Fishes -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70941 , vital:29764 , Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)) Periodicals Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB))
- Description: Online version of original print edition of the Special Publication of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 51 , A new species of sand-inhabiting clinid, Cancelloxus longior, sp. n. is described from eight specimens collected between 0 and 10 metres depth from the Cape Peninsula and west coast. This species is distinguished from other members of the genus by the large number of anal fin rays and caudal vertebrae and the posterior positioning of the dorsal fin origin.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991-05