Happiness in manufacturing
- Authors: Prinsloo, Christopher John
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52992 , vital:44893
- Description: The study of happiness, originally with a basis in psychology and sociology, became more scientific when methods were found to measure the complex concept. Humanity believe that happiness is meaningful, important, and worth achieving because, it is one of the most significant dimensions of human experience and emotions. The rewards of being happy for individuals and society are many including health, positivity, and productivity. The debate rages on whether subjective wellbeing increases as gross domestic product increases in countries and cities. Research has affirmed that happy employees are more productive, thereby improving financial sustainable, financial results for organisations and society. The opposite perspective is that unhappy employees negatively affect the performance, moral of fellow employees leading to negative results for organisations and poor social conditions. The Steel Wire and Rope manufacturing plant serves many organisations worldwide, where large industries exist including mining, offshore, agriculture and general-purpose applications. The manufacturing industry in which the study is based is strategic to South African local manufacture with critical applications in mine winding, by hoisting materials and men to the surface from the deepest mines in the world. Achievements include the longest and heaviest rope in the world. Happiness in this industry has not yet been explored, making this study new in this particular industry. The Steel Wire and Rope factory are a manufacturing facility and manufacturing companies can benefit from improving employee happiness levels. This makes this study of a steel wire and rope manufacturing facility important, as it would provide insight into similar manufacturing industries. The purpose of the study is to understand the happiness levels of employees in the steel, wire and rope manufacturing facility. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Prinsloo, Christopher John
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52992 , vital:44893
- Description: The study of happiness, originally with a basis in psychology and sociology, became more scientific when methods were found to measure the complex concept. Humanity believe that happiness is meaningful, important, and worth achieving because, it is one of the most significant dimensions of human experience and emotions. The rewards of being happy for individuals and society are many including health, positivity, and productivity. The debate rages on whether subjective wellbeing increases as gross domestic product increases in countries and cities. Research has affirmed that happy employees are more productive, thereby improving financial sustainable, financial results for organisations and society. The opposite perspective is that unhappy employees negatively affect the performance, moral of fellow employees leading to negative results for organisations and poor social conditions. The Steel Wire and Rope manufacturing plant serves many organisations worldwide, where large industries exist including mining, offshore, agriculture and general-purpose applications. The manufacturing industry in which the study is based is strategic to South African local manufacture with critical applications in mine winding, by hoisting materials and men to the surface from the deepest mines in the world. Achievements include the longest and heaviest rope in the world. Happiness in this industry has not yet been explored, making this study new in this particular industry. The Steel Wire and Rope factory are a manufacturing facility and manufacturing companies can benefit from improving employee happiness levels. This makes this study of a steel wire and rope manufacturing facility important, as it would provide insight into similar manufacturing industries. The purpose of the study is to understand the happiness levels of employees in the steel, wire and rope manufacturing facility. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Impact of feeding milk once-a-day on growth and development of jersey calves
- Authors: Myburgh, Albertus Petrus
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Calves -- Feeding and feeds
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52095 , vital:43438
- Description: In conventional calf rearing systems calves are fed milk twice a day. Calves are normally housed in a calf shed, kept in individual pens or in groups. The goal should be to limit mor-talities to less than 5% from birth to 30 days. This can be achieved by reducing animal stress, controlling diseases and feeding the animals properly. The immune function can be de-pressed by inadequate nutrition which will increase susceptibility to diseases. Key objective on a dairy farm should be to rear a healthy calf until the calf reaches the optimum mating weight. Digestive disorders and respiratory diseases are the main causes of mortalities of young calves. Jersey calves at Outeniqua Research Farm are kept in movable hutches out-side, for 8 weeks and whole milk is fed only once a day. Although it is common practice to feed milk to calves twice-a-day, Jersey calves are raised with great success by feeding whole milk once-a-day, but proven data was never collected to indicate that feeding whole milk to Jersey calves does not compromise growth or development of calves. Much research was done on feeding of milk to Holstein calves, but little was done on Jersey calves. Research also shows results on feeding of milk replacer rather than whole milk. This raised the question of can whole milk be fed once-a-day successfully to Jersey calves with-out compromising growth and development and what are the advantages of feeding whole milk once-a-day to Jersey calves? , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Myburgh, Albertus Petrus
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Calves -- Feeding and feeds
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52095 , vital:43438
- Description: In conventional calf rearing systems calves are fed milk twice a day. Calves are normally housed in a calf shed, kept in individual pens or in groups. The goal should be to limit mor-talities to less than 5% from birth to 30 days. This can be achieved by reducing animal stress, controlling diseases and feeding the animals properly. The immune function can be de-pressed by inadequate nutrition which will increase susceptibility to diseases. Key objective on a dairy farm should be to rear a healthy calf until the calf reaches the optimum mating weight. Digestive disorders and respiratory diseases are the main causes of mortalities of young calves. Jersey calves at Outeniqua Research Farm are kept in movable hutches out-side, for 8 weeks and whole milk is fed only once a day. Although it is common practice to feed milk to calves twice-a-day, Jersey calves are raised with great success by feeding whole milk once-a-day, but proven data was never collected to indicate that feeding whole milk to Jersey calves does not compromise growth or development of calves. Much research was done on feeding of milk to Holstein calves, but little was done on Jersey calves. Research also shows results on feeding of milk replacer rather than whole milk. This raised the question of can whole milk be fed once-a-day successfully to Jersey calves with-out compromising growth and development and what are the advantages of feeding whole milk once-a-day to Jersey calves? , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Improving customer service through the marketing-logistic interface for automotive suppliers in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Mkumatela, Yolisa
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52955 , vital:44865
- Description: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate if the marketing-log-istics interface can improve customer service for automotive suppliers in the Eastern Cape. The rationale was that the poor service delivery by automotive suppliers can negatively affect the customer service levels, which can lead to dissatisfied customers and thus decrease the firm's profits while improved customer service levels may benefit the supplier, as customers may seek the best service from the supplier in terms of the right price, good quality, on time delivery, correct order quantities, and the correct delivery location for orders. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Management Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mkumatela, Yolisa
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52955 , vital:44865
- Description: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate if the marketing-log-istics interface can improve customer service for automotive suppliers in the Eastern Cape. The rationale was that the poor service delivery by automotive suppliers can negatively affect the customer service levels, which can lead to dissatisfied customers and thus decrease the firm's profits while improved customer service levels may benefit the supplier, as customers may seek the best service from the supplier in terms of the right price, good quality, on time delivery, correct order quantities, and the correct delivery location for orders. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Management Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Incidence of parasitic trematodes effects on the energetics and behaviour of Coryogalops sordidus (Family: Gobiidae) resident in microbialite pools, warm temperate South Africa
- Authors: Du Toit, Hendrik Daniël
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Gobiidae -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52458 , vital:43666
- Description: Coryogalops sordidus(Epaulette goby), is a cryptobenthic species of the Family Gobiidae that iscommonly foundoccupying turbulent surf zones, calm rock pools, and sand and mud flats, where they are generally carnivorous predators. The distribution of C. sordidushas been recorded for Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, and South Africa. The species is also resident in the microbialite pools on the temperate south east coast of South Africa. Recent reports indicated these gobies to be covered in numerous dark lesions, possibly suggesting that the microbialite pools are a sub-optimal habitat. Preliminary analyses have indicated that the dark lesions are a result of encysted metacercaria of a digenetic trematode (fluke). There werehowever,no current recorded parasiticspecies occurring within microbialite pool nor any records of any parasitic species utilizingC. sordidus as a host in South Africa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate parasite-host interactions and parasite presence in and around themicrobialite pool systems of Algoa Bay using C. sordidusas a study species. Coryogalops sordiduswas identified to be parasitised by digenetic trematode metacercaria of the Family Diplostomidae Poirier, 1886, localised primarily to the host musculature, fins, eyes, and integument with no settlement on any of the visceral organs. Furthermore, C. sordidus was found additionally parasitised by a green leech (Class: Hirundinea) of the Family Piscicolidae Johnston, 1865, localised exclusively to the ventral body surface, underneath the pelvic fin of the host. Further investigation into the life cycle of the trematode, suggested that the most probable final hosts wereherons,namely Ardea cinereaand Egretta garzetta garzetta, and intermediate host likely being the freshwater gastropod Assimineacf.capensis, present inthe upper microbialite pools. In both the microbialite and neighbouring rock pools trematode prevalence was found to oscillate in response to seasonal chemical and climatic conditions, whereas the secondary piscicolid leech parasite was influencedmoreby host presence than environmental conditions. Greater prevalence and intensity were measured in the microbialite pools suggesting that these systems likely contained a suit of favourable conditions that allowed for greater trematode loads to be maintained as compared to neighbouring rock pools. As parasites often have deleterious effects on their hosts, the response can manifest as an altered host behaviour or an increased energetic debt due to elevated immune response activity and the associated cost of tissue repair at sites of parasite aggregation.This study further investigatedifgobies (C. sordidus) infected with metacercarial cysts display higher metabolic ratesordifferent swimming behaviour compared to non-infected individuals. The results indicated that the metacercarial load carried by infected hosts had on average no significant impact on energetics, swimming ability, or swimming behaviour, concluding that the average metacercarial intensity present on the gobies is therefore below the threshold of an altered host response. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Du Toit, Hendrik Daniël
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Gobiidae -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52458 , vital:43666
- Description: Coryogalops sordidus(Epaulette goby), is a cryptobenthic species of the Family Gobiidae that iscommonly foundoccupying turbulent surf zones, calm rock pools, and sand and mud flats, where they are generally carnivorous predators. The distribution of C. sordidushas been recorded for Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, and South Africa. The species is also resident in the microbialite pools on the temperate south east coast of South Africa. Recent reports indicated these gobies to be covered in numerous dark lesions, possibly suggesting that the microbialite pools are a sub-optimal habitat. Preliminary analyses have indicated that the dark lesions are a result of encysted metacercaria of a digenetic trematode (fluke). There werehowever,no current recorded parasiticspecies occurring within microbialite pool nor any records of any parasitic species utilizingC. sordidus as a host in South Africa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate parasite-host interactions and parasite presence in and around themicrobialite pool systems of Algoa Bay using C. sordidusas a study species. Coryogalops sordiduswas identified to be parasitised by digenetic trematode metacercaria of the Family Diplostomidae Poirier, 1886, localised primarily to the host musculature, fins, eyes, and integument with no settlement on any of the visceral organs. Furthermore, C. sordidus was found additionally parasitised by a green leech (Class: Hirundinea) of the Family Piscicolidae Johnston, 1865, localised exclusively to the ventral body surface, underneath the pelvic fin of the host. Further investigation into the life cycle of the trematode, suggested that the most probable final hosts wereherons,namely Ardea cinereaand Egretta garzetta garzetta, and intermediate host likely being the freshwater gastropod Assimineacf.capensis, present inthe upper microbialite pools. In both the microbialite and neighbouring rock pools trematode prevalence was found to oscillate in response to seasonal chemical and climatic conditions, whereas the secondary piscicolid leech parasite was influencedmoreby host presence than environmental conditions. Greater prevalence and intensity were measured in the microbialite pools suggesting that these systems likely contained a suit of favourable conditions that allowed for greater trematode loads to be maintained as compared to neighbouring rock pools. As parasites often have deleterious effects on their hosts, the response can manifest as an altered host behaviour or an increased energetic debt due to elevated immune response activity and the associated cost of tissue repair at sites of parasite aggregation.This study further investigatedifgobies (C. sordidus) infected with metacercarial cysts display higher metabolic ratesordifferent swimming behaviour compared to non-infected individuals. The results indicated that the metacercarial load carried by infected hosts had on average no significant impact on energetics, swimming ability, or swimming behaviour, concluding that the average metacercarial intensity present on the gobies is therefore below the threshold of an altered host response. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Internationalisation at the Nelson Mandela University Business School
- Authors: Sapepa, Ongeziwe Ndimentle
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52946 , vital:44896
- Description: The concept of internationalisation of higher education is a dynamic process, continuously shaped and reshaped by the international context in which it occurs. While the topic of internationalisation has been explored, internationalisation at the Nelson Mandela University Business School has not been investigated. This study will attempt to determine the Nelson Mandela University Business School’s internationalisation. This study used literature reviews to investigate the definition and elements of internationalisation. The literature review facilitated the creation of a conceptual model for internationalisation. The network theory and the social exchange theory informed the theoretical basis of this study. This research pursues a positivistic approach using quantitative methods of analysis. Accordingly, the conceptual model was tested using Likert scale data and statistical analysis. This study surveyed current and former Nelson Mandela University Business School students This study established that the independent factors of International Affiliation, African Collaboration, Research, Curriculum, Field trips, Benefits, Risks and COVID-19 were all found to exert a significant positive effect on Internationalisation. An Exploratory Factor Analysis was conducted to explore the relationships among factors and to identify any possible patterns in the factor relationships. All these factors (except for African Collaboration and Field trips) demonstrated positive correlations with Internationalisation. In this study, the statistical data, relating to these factors helped to establish the hypothesised model for Internationalisation at Nelson Mandela University Business School. The data are established as a baseline, which allows for comparisons to be made between surveys at similar higher education institutions. Internationalisation requires additional research to refine and test its suitability and validity to test internationalisation. This study further makes contribution to the network theory as well as to the social exchange theory as the findings support these theories. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Sapepa, Ongeziwe Ndimentle
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52946 , vital:44896
- Description: The concept of internationalisation of higher education is a dynamic process, continuously shaped and reshaped by the international context in which it occurs. While the topic of internationalisation has been explored, internationalisation at the Nelson Mandela University Business School has not been investigated. This study will attempt to determine the Nelson Mandela University Business School’s internationalisation. This study used literature reviews to investigate the definition and elements of internationalisation. The literature review facilitated the creation of a conceptual model for internationalisation. The network theory and the social exchange theory informed the theoretical basis of this study. This research pursues a positivistic approach using quantitative methods of analysis. Accordingly, the conceptual model was tested using Likert scale data and statistical analysis. This study surveyed current and former Nelson Mandela University Business School students This study established that the independent factors of International Affiliation, African Collaboration, Research, Curriculum, Field trips, Benefits, Risks and COVID-19 were all found to exert a significant positive effect on Internationalisation. An Exploratory Factor Analysis was conducted to explore the relationships among factors and to identify any possible patterns in the factor relationships. All these factors (except for African Collaboration and Field trips) demonstrated positive correlations with Internationalisation. In this study, the statistical data, relating to these factors helped to establish the hypothesised model for Internationalisation at Nelson Mandela University Business School. The data are established as a baseline, which allows for comparisons to be made between surveys at similar higher education institutions. Internationalisation requires additional research to refine and test its suitability and validity to test internationalisation. This study further makes contribution to the network theory as well as to the social exchange theory as the findings support these theories. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Investigating financing options for business success
- Authors: Vena, Sindile
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53002 , vital:44908
- Description: The study sought to examine the extent to which the financing options chosen by entrepreneurs will have an impact on business success. The investigator adopted the progression of the ventures along the business life cycle stages as a benchmark for assessing success. The study focused primarily on small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) in the Eastern Cape Information Communication Technologies (ICT) sector. An empirical study, using an online survey was conducted amongst 50 small business owners/ business representative within the ICT sector in the Eastern Cape Province. Key results revealed that the financial support of Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (BBBEE) and personal savings have played a key role in the success of ICT SMMEs throughout the business life cycle phases. This occurs after an ICT SMME has advanced successfully over the startup stage and aims for success in the development phase. The empirical finding revealed that for these SMMEs to attain success at this stage, they should finance their business investment projects utilising financing and credit trade in the form of bank loans, families, relatives and friends. According to the empirical finding in chapter five, the abovementioned financing options are only substantially linked to good advancement from the development phase onto the expansion phase. In addition, suggestions have been made to the ICT SMME management to include BBBEE finance, personal savings, bank loans, families, relatives and friends and trade credit as suitable funding choices for the ICT SMME's life cycle. The recommendations made included that proponents of the BBBEE legislation underpinning the enterprise development and supplier development, should intentionally pressure the private sector to comply with this legislation, as compliance will increase the pool of capital available to SMMEs.The chances of receiving these forms of support would therefore improve the probabilites of sucess for ICT SMMEs. Moreover, personal financing is crucial to successful progress for ICT SMMEs along the business life cycle. It is recommended that startup owners should always exercise iv saving in their personal capacity. In the early stages, the owner's capital will still be valuable as "seed financing" for start-up businesses., when all the other options of external funding are not available. Moreover, SMMEs should continuously explore the other financing options, such as bank loans, families, relatives and friends and trade credit only when their business goals are achieving success at the development stage. The study calls upon academia to consider performing descriptive studies to look at these findings. Through setting a concise financing approach for SMMEs in the ICT sector, SMMEs may help to close the distance between themselves and access to various financing options and supportive organisations. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Vena, Sindile
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53002 , vital:44908
- Description: The study sought to examine the extent to which the financing options chosen by entrepreneurs will have an impact on business success. The investigator adopted the progression of the ventures along the business life cycle stages as a benchmark for assessing success. The study focused primarily on small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) in the Eastern Cape Information Communication Technologies (ICT) sector. An empirical study, using an online survey was conducted amongst 50 small business owners/ business representative within the ICT sector in the Eastern Cape Province. Key results revealed that the financial support of Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (BBBEE) and personal savings have played a key role in the success of ICT SMMEs throughout the business life cycle phases. This occurs after an ICT SMME has advanced successfully over the startup stage and aims for success in the development phase. The empirical finding revealed that for these SMMEs to attain success at this stage, they should finance their business investment projects utilising financing and credit trade in the form of bank loans, families, relatives and friends. According to the empirical finding in chapter five, the abovementioned financing options are only substantially linked to good advancement from the development phase onto the expansion phase. In addition, suggestions have been made to the ICT SMME management to include BBBEE finance, personal savings, bank loans, families, relatives and friends and trade credit as suitable funding choices for the ICT SMME's life cycle. The recommendations made included that proponents of the BBBEE legislation underpinning the enterprise development and supplier development, should intentionally pressure the private sector to comply with this legislation, as compliance will increase the pool of capital available to SMMEs.The chances of receiving these forms of support would therefore improve the probabilites of sucess for ICT SMMEs. Moreover, personal financing is crucial to successful progress for ICT SMMEs along the business life cycle. It is recommended that startup owners should always exercise iv saving in their personal capacity. In the early stages, the owner's capital will still be valuable as "seed financing" for start-up businesses., when all the other options of external funding are not available. Moreover, SMMEs should continuously explore the other financing options, such as bank loans, families, relatives and friends and trade credit only when their business goals are achieving success at the development stage. The study calls upon academia to consider performing descriptive studies to look at these findings. Through setting a concise financing approach for SMMEs in the ICT sector, SMMEs may help to close the distance between themselves and access to various financing options and supportive organisations. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Linking agrochemical pollution with the aquatic ecological integrity of the Twee River Catchment, Western Cape
- Authors: Brink, Zanné
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Ecological integrity
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52326 , vital:43588
- Description: This study was initiated in the Twee River system due to the threat posed by agrochemicals on the occurrence of the endemic and endangered fish species found within the catchment. Poor knowledge and understanding of the environmental effects of fertilizers, pesticides and other agrochemicals among small and large commercial farmers within the study area, in combination with their intensive use may have resulted in chemical contamination above environmentally safe concentrations. Numerous studies have highlighted the fact that more research needs to be conducted to identify the key threats to the continued existence of specifically the Critically Endangered Sedercypris erubescens. The overall aim of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal patterns in aquatic ecosystem diversity in the Twee River catchment as indicated by macroinvertebrate and native fish distribution and abundance. It was further investigated if there was a link between agrochemical pollution and the aquatic ecological integrity of the Twee River catchment. Selected sampling sites were identified and sampled to determine the presence and concentration of pesticides entering the water of the Twee River system during run-off and event-based spraying. Furthermore, the effect of these pesticides on the distribution and abundance of the aquatic biota were determined using SASS5 for the macroinvertebrate populations and visually sampling the distribution of the native and non-native fish in the Twee River catchment. This study supports suggestions made by previous studies, that sub-lethal to lethal concentrations of insecticides could be a threat to the long-term survival of benthic macroinvertebrates and potentially the more sensitive endemic fish species within the Twee River system. More focussed research is needed to address impacts of pesticides within this catchment. Agricultural and conservation efforts should be aimed at developing of a shared vision amongst stakeholders, to allow for the longterm conservation of the endemic fish of the Twee River. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Brink, Zanné
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Ecological integrity
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52326 , vital:43588
- Description: This study was initiated in the Twee River system due to the threat posed by agrochemicals on the occurrence of the endemic and endangered fish species found within the catchment. Poor knowledge and understanding of the environmental effects of fertilizers, pesticides and other agrochemicals among small and large commercial farmers within the study area, in combination with their intensive use may have resulted in chemical contamination above environmentally safe concentrations. Numerous studies have highlighted the fact that more research needs to be conducted to identify the key threats to the continued existence of specifically the Critically Endangered Sedercypris erubescens. The overall aim of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal patterns in aquatic ecosystem diversity in the Twee River catchment as indicated by macroinvertebrate and native fish distribution and abundance. It was further investigated if there was a link between agrochemical pollution and the aquatic ecological integrity of the Twee River catchment. Selected sampling sites were identified and sampled to determine the presence and concentration of pesticides entering the water of the Twee River system during run-off and event-based spraying. Furthermore, the effect of these pesticides on the distribution and abundance of the aquatic biota were determined using SASS5 for the macroinvertebrate populations and visually sampling the distribution of the native and non-native fish in the Twee River catchment. This study supports suggestions made by previous studies, that sub-lethal to lethal concentrations of insecticides could be a threat to the long-term survival of benthic macroinvertebrates and potentially the more sensitive endemic fish species within the Twee River system. More focussed research is needed to address impacts of pesticides within this catchment. Agricultural and conservation efforts should be aimed at developing of a shared vision amongst stakeholders, to allow for the longterm conservation of the endemic fish of the Twee River. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Main thesis title 2021: Evaluating the incentive to move freight distribution from road to rail
- Authors: Williams, John Steven
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52953 , vital:44909
- Description: South Africa’s uncompetitive freight logistics system is severely hampering the country’s competitiveness and the current disproportionate reliance on the road freight sector is a main contributing factor. The need for a modal shift from road to rail has long been advocated as a necessity to correct this freight logistics imbalance. This study aims to gain a better understanding of the incentives needed to move freight distribution from road to rail within shorter distance corridors and specifically the Port Elizabeth- Gauteng corridor. Specifically, it evaluates the incentives needed, the importance of cost, distance and whether special capabilities are required to achieve such a move. Empirical data were collected with an online survey and distributed via the Road freight Association (RFA) to transport operators and micro operators within South Africa. Statistical analysis was used to analyse the main research and sub-questions through descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis and Pearson correlation. The results showed that a mostly strong positive correlation exists between the measured variables in this study while also indicating a significant relationship between the independent variables and moving freight distribution from road to rail. These results proved that all the factors are related to each other and that implementing a move of freight from road to rail would need to include the consideration of all these factors. The study concludes that moving freight distribution from road to rail will be possible if incentives regarding cost rebates or subsidies amongst others are taken into account and included in additional future legislation or more practical implementation plans. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciencence, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Williams, John Steven
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52953 , vital:44909
- Description: South Africa’s uncompetitive freight logistics system is severely hampering the country’s competitiveness and the current disproportionate reliance on the road freight sector is a main contributing factor. The need for a modal shift from road to rail has long been advocated as a necessity to correct this freight logistics imbalance. This study aims to gain a better understanding of the incentives needed to move freight distribution from road to rail within shorter distance corridors and specifically the Port Elizabeth- Gauteng corridor. Specifically, it evaluates the incentives needed, the importance of cost, distance and whether special capabilities are required to achieve such a move. Empirical data were collected with an online survey and distributed via the Road freight Association (RFA) to transport operators and micro operators within South Africa. Statistical analysis was used to analyse the main research and sub-questions through descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis and Pearson correlation. The results showed that a mostly strong positive correlation exists between the measured variables in this study while also indicating a significant relationship between the independent variables and moving freight distribution from road to rail. These results proved that all the factors are related to each other and that implementing a move of freight from road to rail would need to include the consideration of all these factors. The study concludes that moving freight distribution from road to rail will be possible if incentives regarding cost rebates or subsidies amongst others are taken into account and included in additional future legislation or more practical implementation plans. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciencence, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
National minimum wage : a comparative study between Germany and South Africa
- Authors: Tshete, Vusumzi Victor
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Minimum wage--Law and legislation
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51183 , vital:43227
- Description: This comparative research study attempted to provide the comparative analysis between the Germany’s MiLoG and the South African NMWA. The study has adopted the ILO definition of the Minimum Wage as the minimum amount of remuneration that an employer is required to pay wage earners for the work performed during a given period, which cannot be reduced by a collective agreement or an individual contract The Desk review was an appropriate data collection method for the present research studies. Desk research refers to secondary data that was collected without fieldwork. This included reviewal of libraries and the internet, that includes Journals; newspapers; clippings; reports; government statistics; dictionaries; books, On-line databases, Internet sources, legislations and case laws. The multiple research questions that will be addressed by the study question involve the regulation of the implementation of the NMW, the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of the NMW between South Africa and Germany, the impact of the NMW in addressing inequality, poverty and unemployment or socio-economic challenges, as well the overall role of the NMW in the entire labour between the two countries. The present study conducted a literature review on the historical development of the Minimum Wage in South Africa and Germany, the legislative framework around the Minimum Wage in both countries. The literature review also covered the impact of NMW on poverty alleviation and Wage inequalities. The literature further covered, the differences between the implementation of the MiLoG in the case of Germany and the NMWA in the case of South Africa. The literature also covered adjusting amendment and monitoring compliance including the best practices. The findings of the study is that the overarching purpose of introducing a NMW had multi- faceted purpose function such as of transforming the country’s inordinately unequal wage structure while at the same time redressing the inherent poverty, inequalities and transformation of the unequal wage structures both in South Africa and Germany. The Minimum Wage is implemented to prevent workers from earning very low wages. In both 3 countries the Minimum Wage is backed by the legislative framework. Processes to measure and enforce compliance are prevalent in both countries; however, the study found that it is very sophisticated to estimate the exact extent of non-compliance. The study further revealed that the effectiveness of Minimum Wages was seen to depend entirely on their policy design, implementation, and adoption as well as compliance measures. The success of the Minimum Wage solely depend on the compliance rate by employers, hence the study recommends that the New Minimum Wage legislation needs to ensure higher rates of compliance. The effective Minimum Wage should put measures in place to ensure that the compliance enforcement measures are practically implemented. A room still exists for both countries to mitigate wage inequalities that will benefit mostly the vulnerable employees. The study revealed that the NMW Commission needs to be capacitated with resources. A need of recruiting highly qualified inspectors was identified in order to strengthen the process of monitoring and ensuring compliance. The study further revealed that the appropriate Minimum Wage needs a collaborative participation of all stakeholders such as employers, the state, employees, trade unions, employer’s organization, bargaining councils, the member of public in order to achieve its professed mandate. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Mercantile Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Tshete, Vusumzi Victor
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Minimum wage--Law and legislation
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51183 , vital:43227
- Description: This comparative research study attempted to provide the comparative analysis between the Germany’s MiLoG and the South African NMWA. The study has adopted the ILO definition of the Minimum Wage as the minimum amount of remuneration that an employer is required to pay wage earners for the work performed during a given period, which cannot be reduced by a collective agreement or an individual contract The Desk review was an appropriate data collection method for the present research studies. Desk research refers to secondary data that was collected without fieldwork. This included reviewal of libraries and the internet, that includes Journals; newspapers; clippings; reports; government statistics; dictionaries; books, On-line databases, Internet sources, legislations and case laws. The multiple research questions that will be addressed by the study question involve the regulation of the implementation of the NMW, the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of the NMW between South Africa and Germany, the impact of the NMW in addressing inequality, poverty and unemployment or socio-economic challenges, as well the overall role of the NMW in the entire labour between the two countries. The present study conducted a literature review on the historical development of the Minimum Wage in South Africa and Germany, the legislative framework around the Minimum Wage in both countries. The literature review also covered the impact of NMW on poverty alleviation and Wage inequalities. The literature further covered, the differences between the implementation of the MiLoG in the case of Germany and the NMWA in the case of South Africa. The literature also covered adjusting amendment and monitoring compliance including the best practices. The findings of the study is that the overarching purpose of introducing a NMW had multi- faceted purpose function such as of transforming the country’s inordinately unequal wage structure while at the same time redressing the inherent poverty, inequalities and transformation of the unequal wage structures both in South Africa and Germany. The Minimum Wage is implemented to prevent workers from earning very low wages. In both 3 countries the Minimum Wage is backed by the legislative framework. Processes to measure and enforce compliance are prevalent in both countries; however, the study found that it is very sophisticated to estimate the exact extent of non-compliance. The study further revealed that the effectiveness of Minimum Wages was seen to depend entirely on their policy design, implementation, and adoption as well as compliance measures. The success of the Minimum Wage solely depend on the compliance rate by employers, hence the study recommends that the New Minimum Wage legislation needs to ensure higher rates of compliance. The effective Minimum Wage should put measures in place to ensure that the compliance enforcement measures are practically implemented. A room still exists for both countries to mitigate wage inequalities that will benefit mostly the vulnerable employees. The study revealed that the NMW Commission needs to be capacitated with resources. A need of recruiting highly qualified inspectors was identified in order to strengthen the process of monitoring and ensuring compliance. The study further revealed that the appropriate Minimum Wage needs a collaborative participation of all stakeholders such as employers, the state, employees, trade unions, employer’s organization, bargaining councils, the member of public in order to achieve its professed mandate. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Mercantile Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
On the ideals and semimodules of commutative semirings
- Authors: Olivier, Ruan
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52782 , vital:44026
- Description: Semirings are a generalisation of rings where additive inverses need not exist. In this dissertation, we focus on results of commutative semirings with non-zero identity. Many results that we study are analogous to results from commutative rings with non-zero identity. Properties which are unique to semirings are also investigated, such as semirings where all elements are additively idempotent. The notion of ideals is examined in the context of a semiring. Specifically, prime ideals, maximal ideals, k-ideals and partitioning ideals of semirings are considered. Additionally, the module over a ring is generalised to a semimodule over a semiring. The emphasis is on prime subsemimodules and multiplication semimodules. Lastly, invertible ideals of semirings are examined. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Olivier, Ruan
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52782 , vital:44026
- Description: Semirings are a generalisation of rings where additive inverses need not exist. In this dissertation, we focus on results of commutative semirings with non-zero identity. Many results that we study are analogous to results from commutative rings with non-zero identity. Properties which are unique to semirings are also investigated, such as semirings where all elements are additively idempotent. The notion of ideals is examined in the context of a semiring. Specifically, prime ideals, maximal ideals, k-ideals and partitioning ideals of semirings are considered. Additionally, the module over a ring is generalised to a semimodule over a semiring. The emphasis is on prime subsemimodules and multiplication semimodules. Lastly, invertible ideals of semirings are examined. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Optimising the uptake of [𝐈𝐫𝐂𝐥𝟔]𝟐− by a diammonium resin: HCl effect and resin performance
- Authors: Ngayeka, Mbokazi Zizipho
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/54089 , vital:46284
- Description: The separation of [IrCl6]2- from [RhCl5(H2O)]2- by silica microparticles functionalized with 1,10-diamindecane (C10) and quaternized with 4-nitrobenzylchloride (NO2Benz) in various hydrochloric acid mediums was investigated by continuous column studies. The sorbent materials were synthesized using three different routes: Synthesis route 1 (NaI catalyzed synthesis of diammonium functionalized silica microparticles), Synthesis Route 2 (via silylazation of silica followed by functionalization) and Synthesis Route 3 (silane-based sorbent material). The functionalized sorbent materials were characterized by NMR, Microanalysis, SEM-EDS, FT-IR, TGA and BET surface area. The separation efficiency of the quaternary diammonium cations was investigated under dynamic flow adsorption conditions. Preliminary ICP-OES runs were done, at 6 M HCl, to assess which synthesis route gave the best performing sorbent material. [IrCl6]2- selectivity of the sorbent materials was achieved by washing with an HCl solution to remove unadsorbed metal species, then stripping off the [RhCl5(H2O)]2- with 0.05 M of sodium chlorate and the iridium species was eluted with a 20% HCl solution. From the preliminary ICP-OES, loading capacities were calculated, and it was observed that the three sorbent materials from synthesis route 2 (13.89 mg/g for (4) SSC10NO2Benz-A, 1.44 mg/g for (5) SSC10NO2Benz-HoA, and 1.0859 mg/g for (6) SSC10NO2Benz-DoA) showed the highest uptake of [IrCl6]2- and route 1 (1.89 mg/g for (1) SSC10NO2Benz-A, 1.25 mg/g for (2) SSC10NO2Benz-HoA and 0.99 mg/g for (3) SSC10NO2Benz-DoA ) and Route 3 (0.55 mg/g for (7) SC10-AI and 0.755 mg/g for (8) SC10-ACl) materials did not perform efficiently enough, thus were not used further for the HCl study. Within synthesis route 2, three sorbent materials were evaluated, which had varying quantities of the cation: SSC10NO2Benz-A (having a quantity previously used in our research and denoted A), SSC10NO2Benz-HoA (having a quantity Half of A) and SSC10NO2Benz-DoA (having a quantity double of A). SSC10NO2Benz-A showed the highest loading capacity than SSC10NO2Benz-HoA and SSC10NO2Benz-DoA; HCl studies were carried out using SSC10NO2Benz-A. HCl solution having different concentrations (5, 5.5 , 6 , 6.6 and 6.8 M) were used to prepare the metal solutions. This was done to assess which HCl concentration gave the best metal solution containing high amounts of [IrCl6]2- and [RhCl5(H2O)]2-, which would result in a more efficient separation. An auto titrator was used to standardize the HCl concentrations, and the metal ion chloride species solutions were determined by UV-Vis, and their concentrations were confirmed with ICP-OES. Column sorption of iridium and rhodium on SSC10NO2Benz-A using these HCl solutions was carried out, and loading capacities of [IrCl6]2- were obtained. The loading capacities of the 5 M, 5.5 M, 6 M, 6,6 M and 6.8 M HCl solutions for [IrCl6]2- were 2.64, 4.01, 13.89, 18.15 and 7.23 mg/g, respectively. The optimum separation conditions were thus determined by investigating effective parameters such as the method of synthesis, silica to cation ratio, HCl concentration and flow rate. This thesis presents quaternary diammonium sorbent materials that could be applied in feed solutions from ore processing for iridium recovery. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Ngayeka, Mbokazi Zizipho
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/54089 , vital:46284
- Description: The separation of [IrCl6]2- from [RhCl5(H2O)]2- by silica microparticles functionalized with 1,10-diamindecane (C10) and quaternized with 4-nitrobenzylchloride (NO2Benz) in various hydrochloric acid mediums was investigated by continuous column studies. The sorbent materials were synthesized using three different routes: Synthesis route 1 (NaI catalyzed synthesis of diammonium functionalized silica microparticles), Synthesis Route 2 (via silylazation of silica followed by functionalization) and Synthesis Route 3 (silane-based sorbent material). The functionalized sorbent materials were characterized by NMR, Microanalysis, SEM-EDS, FT-IR, TGA and BET surface area. The separation efficiency of the quaternary diammonium cations was investigated under dynamic flow adsorption conditions. Preliminary ICP-OES runs were done, at 6 M HCl, to assess which synthesis route gave the best performing sorbent material. [IrCl6]2- selectivity of the sorbent materials was achieved by washing with an HCl solution to remove unadsorbed metal species, then stripping off the [RhCl5(H2O)]2- with 0.05 M of sodium chlorate and the iridium species was eluted with a 20% HCl solution. From the preliminary ICP-OES, loading capacities were calculated, and it was observed that the three sorbent materials from synthesis route 2 (13.89 mg/g for (4) SSC10NO2Benz-A, 1.44 mg/g for (5) SSC10NO2Benz-HoA, and 1.0859 mg/g for (6) SSC10NO2Benz-DoA) showed the highest uptake of [IrCl6]2- and route 1 (1.89 mg/g for (1) SSC10NO2Benz-A, 1.25 mg/g for (2) SSC10NO2Benz-HoA and 0.99 mg/g for (3) SSC10NO2Benz-DoA ) and Route 3 (0.55 mg/g for (7) SC10-AI and 0.755 mg/g for (8) SC10-ACl) materials did not perform efficiently enough, thus were not used further for the HCl study. Within synthesis route 2, three sorbent materials were evaluated, which had varying quantities of the cation: SSC10NO2Benz-A (having a quantity previously used in our research and denoted A), SSC10NO2Benz-HoA (having a quantity Half of A) and SSC10NO2Benz-DoA (having a quantity double of A). SSC10NO2Benz-A showed the highest loading capacity than SSC10NO2Benz-HoA and SSC10NO2Benz-DoA; HCl studies were carried out using SSC10NO2Benz-A. HCl solution having different concentrations (5, 5.5 , 6 , 6.6 and 6.8 M) were used to prepare the metal solutions. This was done to assess which HCl concentration gave the best metal solution containing high amounts of [IrCl6]2- and [RhCl5(H2O)]2-, which would result in a more efficient separation. An auto titrator was used to standardize the HCl concentrations, and the metal ion chloride species solutions were determined by UV-Vis, and their concentrations were confirmed with ICP-OES. Column sorption of iridium and rhodium on SSC10NO2Benz-A using these HCl solutions was carried out, and loading capacities of [IrCl6]2- were obtained. The loading capacities of the 5 M, 5.5 M, 6 M, 6,6 M and 6.8 M HCl solutions for [IrCl6]2- were 2.64, 4.01, 13.89, 18.15 and 7.23 mg/g, respectively. The optimum separation conditions were thus determined by investigating effective parameters such as the method of synthesis, silica to cation ratio, HCl concentration and flow rate. This thesis presents quaternary diammonium sorbent materials that could be applied in feed solutions from ore processing for iridium recovery. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Participatory mapping of cultural ecosystem services in the Mountain Zebra National Park, South Africa
- Authors: Mpapane, Nelsiwe Pertunia
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Nature--Effect of human beings on--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52103 , vital:43432
- Description: Cultural ecosystem services (CES) are an essential part of human well-being. CES characterize the intangible connections that people have with their surrounding environments, and act as vessels to facilitate the understanding of meaningful and respectful relationships between humans and nature, which are necessary for sustainability. However, CES render themselves as complex cultural dimensions that are difficult to connect to specific aspects of an ecosystem, or to measure and manage. Thus, a progressive approach is required for promoting effective management of CES within landscapes. This thesis endeavours to understand human─nature interactions in protected areas, the CES benefits that arise from such interactions, and the links of these to ecosystems, facilities or features within the landscape. Protected areas represent some of the last remaining intact ecological areas that support biodiversity conservation and human─nature experiences. Protected areas, such as the Mountain Zebra National Park, are therefore suitable study sites to cast light on: (a) how human─nature relationships manifest in parks, (b) which CES are experienced by visitors, (c) which landscape features are associated with CES benefits, (d) who visits the Park, and (e) how the delivery and/or accessibility of CES to visitors of the Park could be improved. My research involved qualitative and spatial elements as forms of enquiry over a period of six months of data collection. I used semi-structured interviews (n = 20) paired with a participatory mapping approach. Additionally, I performed a comparative analysis using a peer-reviewed paper that focused on the management perspectives of CES delivery, to seek out similarities and differences between management perspectives and actual visitor experiences. The findings of this study have outlined that the Mountain Zebra National Park offers significant benefits to visitors. Aesthetic, recreational, inspirational value and cultural heritage emerged as the most frequently mapped CES. The findings have also shown that CES benefits are widely distributed across the landscape, with a spatial correlation in hotspot areas. Moreover, amenities or built infrastructure such as picnic iii sites, camping areas and viewpoints within the Park, are crucial for strengthening social relationships among family and friends, as well as in aiding the delivery of CES. This study provides insights into the subjective and diverse ways that human─nature relationships translate into CES benefits. It also sheds light on the importance of adequate planning within protected areas, for the maximization of the benefits from CES to people without compromising the mandate of biodiversity conservation. This study also contributes to a growing body of evidence that documents human─nature interactions in, and non-material benefits acquired from, protected areas within South Africa. I further advocate for improved access, adequate infrastructure, awareness creation and strategies to attract the younger generation to the national parks of South Africa. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mpapane, Nelsiwe Pertunia
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Nature--Effect of human beings on--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52103 , vital:43432
- Description: Cultural ecosystem services (CES) are an essential part of human well-being. CES characterize the intangible connections that people have with their surrounding environments, and act as vessels to facilitate the understanding of meaningful and respectful relationships between humans and nature, which are necessary for sustainability. However, CES render themselves as complex cultural dimensions that are difficult to connect to specific aspects of an ecosystem, or to measure and manage. Thus, a progressive approach is required for promoting effective management of CES within landscapes. This thesis endeavours to understand human─nature interactions in protected areas, the CES benefits that arise from such interactions, and the links of these to ecosystems, facilities or features within the landscape. Protected areas represent some of the last remaining intact ecological areas that support biodiversity conservation and human─nature experiences. Protected areas, such as the Mountain Zebra National Park, are therefore suitable study sites to cast light on: (a) how human─nature relationships manifest in parks, (b) which CES are experienced by visitors, (c) which landscape features are associated with CES benefits, (d) who visits the Park, and (e) how the delivery and/or accessibility of CES to visitors of the Park could be improved. My research involved qualitative and spatial elements as forms of enquiry over a period of six months of data collection. I used semi-structured interviews (n = 20) paired with a participatory mapping approach. Additionally, I performed a comparative analysis using a peer-reviewed paper that focused on the management perspectives of CES delivery, to seek out similarities and differences between management perspectives and actual visitor experiences. The findings of this study have outlined that the Mountain Zebra National Park offers significant benefits to visitors. Aesthetic, recreational, inspirational value and cultural heritage emerged as the most frequently mapped CES. The findings have also shown that CES benefits are widely distributed across the landscape, with a spatial correlation in hotspot areas. Moreover, amenities or built infrastructure such as picnic iii sites, camping areas and viewpoints within the Park, are crucial for strengthening social relationships among family and friends, as well as in aiding the delivery of CES. This study provides insights into the subjective and diverse ways that human─nature relationships translate into CES benefits. It also sheds light on the importance of adequate planning within protected areas, for the maximization of the benefits from CES to people without compromising the mandate of biodiversity conservation. This study also contributes to a growing body of evidence that documents human─nature interactions in, and non-material benefits acquired from, protected areas within South Africa. I further advocate for improved access, adequate infrastructure, awareness creation and strategies to attract the younger generation to the national parks of South Africa. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Prospect of an adquisitorial criminal justice system
- Authors: Mpofu, Mputumi
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Bail--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51186 , vital:43231
- Description: Bail does not cease to be a mind boggling issue as it is challenging our courts on daily basis, hence the need for this research. The tendency of confusing on the role of presiding officers in our legal fraternity is so far as bail proceedings is concerned is growing by the day. The seems to be a tug of war between prosecutors and attorneys with regard to granting of bail for the arrested persons, which leads to judicial officers having to sit for bail applications. Some of these challenges are as a result of interpretation of legislation that governs the issue of bail which is primarily peremptory in nature. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mpofu, Mputumi
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Bail--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51186 , vital:43231
- Description: Bail does not cease to be a mind boggling issue as it is challenging our courts on daily basis, hence the need for this research. The tendency of confusing on the role of presiding officers in our legal fraternity is so far as bail proceedings is concerned is growing by the day. The seems to be a tug of war between prosecutors and attorneys with regard to granting of bail for the arrested persons, which leads to judicial officers having to sit for bail applications. Some of these challenges are as a result of interpretation of legislation that governs the issue of bail which is primarily peremptory in nature. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Psychological capital and burnout in the financial service sector
- Authors: Muller, Nadia
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52990 , vital:44872
- Description: The purpose of this research study was to determine the relationship between PsyCap and burnout in a service-related working environment that is somewhat unexplored, including the non-banking financial services sector. To achieve this purpose, a correlational research design was employed and the convenience, non-probability sampling method was utilised as the technique for sourcing participants. Data was collected by way of an online survey comprising of the PCQ-24, OLBI and a Biographical Section, which was distributed among 380 non-banking employees in the sample company, and a final sample size of N=88 was achieved. The two psychometric instruments utilised were both proven to be valid and reliable, thus increasing the credibility of the data obtained. The raw data was processed and analysed through statistical calculations, performed by a qualified Statistician, and included descriptive and inferential statistics in the form of cronbach’s alpha coefficients, pearsons correlations, t-tests, ANOVA’s, and linear regression for the data interpretation. The results revealed that there was a negative, statistically significant relationship between PsyCap and burnout, and that PsyCap explained 18% of the variance in burnout scores amongst the sample. In addition, statistically significant differences were found between burnout, disengagement, and position, as well as between PsyCap and some of its dimensions with gender, educational level, position, and department in terms of the demographic variables. The researcher has considered the ethical principles of autonomy, confidentiality, anonymity, and ownership of the data throughout the research process, and the research paper was submitted for assessment and ethical approval before commencement of this study. The primary aim of this research study was achieved in that a significant and negative correlation between PsyCap and burnout was revealed. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resources, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Muller, Nadia
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52990 , vital:44872
- Description: The purpose of this research study was to determine the relationship between PsyCap and burnout in a service-related working environment that is somewhat unexplored, including the non-banking financial services sector. To achieve this purpose, a correlational research design was employed and the convenience, non-probability sampling method was utilised as the technique for sourcing participants. Data was collected by way of an online survey comprising of the PCQ-24, OLBI and a Biographical Section, which was distributed among 380 non-banking employees in the sample company, and a final sample size of N=88 was achieved. The two psychometric instruments utilised were both proven to be valid and reliable, thus increasing the credibility of the data obtained. The raw data was processed and analysed through statistical calculations, performed by a qualified Statistician, and included descriptive and inferential statistics in the form of cronbach’s alpha coefficients, pearsons correlations, t-tests, ANOVA’s, and linear regression for the data interpretation. The results revealed that there was a negative, statistically significant relationship between PsyCap and burnout, and that PsyCap explained 18% of the variance in burnout scores amongst the sample. In addition, statistically significant differences were found between burnout, disengagement, and position, as well as between PsyCap and some of its dimensions with gender, educational level, position, and department in terms of the demographic variables. The researcher has considered the ethical principles of autonomy, confidentiality, anonymity, and ownership of the data throughout the research process, and the research paper was submitted for assessment and ethical approval before commencement of this study. The primary aim of this research study was achieved in that a significant and negative correlation between PsyCap and burnout was revealed. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resources, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Recreating a wetland at an abandoned saltworks : towards a rehabilitation plan
- Authors: Wasserman, Johan
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52146 , vital:43450
- Description: A saltworks at Swartkops Estuary was abandoned in 2018. While operational, the saltworks hosted some of the largest breeding colonies of several shorebird species in southern Africa and hosted thousands of Palearctic migrant waterbirds annually. The abandonment of the saltworks has resulted in the loss of the artificially managed hydrological regime and therefore the wetland function and habitat value of the site, and the rich and diverse avifauna that once occurred at the site have not returned. The rehabilitation of the saltworks as a wetland that functions as a waterbird sanctuary is currently being organised, and this research aimed to create a plan for implementing and monitoring the rehabilitation. In order to do so, the baseline environmental condition of the abandoned saltworks was established, the possible rehabilitation interventions necessary for rehabilitating the site were assessed, and the potential ecological implications of any interventions were investigated. The assessment of the saltworks’ baseline condition revealed that the site is now characterised by vast expanses of dry hypersaline sediment with sparse patches of monospecific vegetation and depauperate avifauna. The once rich and diverse waterbird communities have all but disappeared since the site was abandoned and are unlikely to return unless a managed hydrological regime is reinstated. Furthermore, it is improbable that salt marsh vegetation will cover the abandoned saltworks primarily due to the high sediment salinity that will persist unless the saltpans are flooded. The area will likely remain barren with little ecological value if no rehabilitation action is taken. Two potential rehabilitation options for reinstating a hydrological regime at the saltworks were identified: (1) pumping estuary water into all of the saltpans; or (2) pumping estuary water into some of the saltpans, while allowing the largest one to be filled with stormwater. Both options were deemed to be feasible; however, the second option will likely have lower running costs. The use of stormwater to fill the one saltpan is expected to result in brackish conditions initially, while the saltpans filled with estuary water would have salinity levels ranging from euhaline to slightly hypersaline. Both the stormwater and estuary water are rich in inorganic nutrients – the estuary water is rich in both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), while the stormwater has an exceptionally high DIN content. This raised concerns of creating eutrophic wetlands with detrimental conditions such as algal blooms and a hypoxic water column. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Wasserman, Johan
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52146 , vital:43450
- Description: A saltworks at Swartkops Estuary was abandoned in 2018. While operational, the saltworks hosted some of the largest breeding colonies of several shorebird species in southern Africa and hosted thousands of Palearctic migrant waterbirds annually. The abandonment of the saltworks has resulted in the loss of the artificially managed hydrological regime and therefore the wetland function and habitat value of the site, and the rich and diverse avifauna that once occurred at the site have not returned. The rehabilitation of the saltworks as a wetland that functions as a waterbird sanctuary is currently being organised, and this research aimed to create a plan for implementing and monitoring the rehabilitation. In order to do so, the baseline environmental condition of the abandoned saltworks was established, the possible rehabilitation interventions necessary for rehabilitating the site were assessed, and the potential ecological implications of any interventions were investigated. The assessment of the saltworks’ baseline condition revealed that the site is now characterised by vast expanses of dry hypersaline sediment with sparse patches of monospecific vegetation and depauperate avifauna. The once rich and diverse waterbird communities have all but disappeared since the site was abandoned and are unlikely to return unless a managed hydrological regime is reinstated. Furthermore, it is improbable that salt marsh vegetation will cover the abandoned saltworks primarily due to the high sediment salinity that will persist unless the saltpans are flooded. The area will likely remain barren with little ecological value if no rehabilitation action is taken. Two potential rehabilitation options for reinstating a hydrological regime at the saltworks were identified: (1) pumping estuary water into all of the saltpans; or (2) pumping estuary water into some of the saltpans, while allowing the largest one to be filled with stormwater. Both options were deemed to be feasible; however, the second option will likely have lower running costs. The use of stormwater to fill the one saltpan is expected to result in brackish conditions initially, while the saltpans filled with estuary water would have salinity levels ranging from euhaline to slightly hypersaline. Both the stormwater and estuary water are rich in inorganic nutrients – the estuary water is rich in both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), while the stormwater has an exceptionally high DIN content. This raised concerns of creating eutrophic wetlands with detrimental conditions such as algal blooms and a hypoxic water column. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Review of the rehabilitation and integration of offenders
- Authors: Darries, Share-Leigh
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Criminals--Rehabilitation--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51199 , vital:43219
- Description: “It is said that no one truly knows a nation until one has been inside its jails. A nation should not be judged by how it treats its highest citizens but its lowest ones – and South Africa treated its imprisoned African citizens like animals”.1 The constitutional mandate to ensure the successful rehabilitation and reintegration of offenders into society, upon eventual release falls on the South African Department of Correctional Services (DCS).2 In terms of this mandate, the Department is encumbered with the responsibility to develop programmes which not only addresses criminal conduct but results in the eventual drop of recidivism rates.3 Notwithstanding the Department’s inordinate efforts to discharge its constitutional mandate, recidivism rates continue to be on the rise.4 Built to digress from innate retributive traditions and the concept of punishment, the Department of Correctional Services proffered to alter our realities through the creation of an environment which essentially births different behaviours.5 A task rendered unattainable, as inordinate efforts become frustrated by the realities of prisons and the myth of rehabilitation. Despite having one of the most progressive criminal justice systems in the world, obstinate challenges in South African prisons and an overwhelming prison population make managing and translating its policies into practice all the more difficult.6 With high crime and recidivism rates inundating an already saturated criminal justice 1 Mandela Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela (1994) 174-175. 2 Murhula and Singh “A Critical Analysis on Offenders Rehabilitation Approach in South Africa: A Review of the Literature” 2019 12 African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies 21 21. 3 Ibid. 4 Ibid. 5 Department of Correctional Services “White Paper on Corrections in South Africa” (November 2004) (Republic of South Africa, Minister of Correctional Services)” http://wwww.dcs.gov.za/wpcontent/uploads/2016/08/WHITE-PAPER-8.pdf (accessed 2019-05-6) 5; Wainio “Inside the World’s Toughest Prisons season 3 premiere recap: Costa Rica: Prison on a Knife-Edge” https://www.google.co.za/amp/s/showsnob.com/2018/12/24/inside-the-worlds-toughest-prisonsseason-3-premiere/amp (accessed 2019-05-6). 6 McAree “Prisoner Rehabilitation in South Africa: A case study of Phoenix Zululand’s work in Eshowe Correctional Facilities” 2011 School for International Training 7. ix system, and exposure of minor offenders to hardened criminals become all the more common,7 the vision of translating every offender who walks through the prison gate into corrigible and law-abiding citizens8 become a far-kept dream. Instead, South African prisons become nothing but breeding grounds of criminality, 9 and temporary vessels of human right violations, as an inmates try to come to terms with the fact that their eventual release into society is met with ostracization, destabilized community relations and collateral consequences.10 Since offenders are usually detained for long periods on remand, prisons are innately prevented from becoming correctional centers despite this being a stated aim in the White Paper on Corrections.11 Against this backdrop, the researcher proffers to broaden the perpetual desire to construct a transformed and developed system; one which charts a course from innate retributive traditions to one which births rehabilitated offenders into society. Mindful of the obstinate penal system which undeniably perpetuates colonial structures through dichotomization, this treatise offers an altered reality, a system which respects and promotes the values and rights enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa.12 , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Darries, Share-Leigh
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Criminals--Rehabilitation--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51199 , vital:43219
- Description: “It is said that no one truly knows a nation until one has been inside its jails. A nation should not be judged by how it treats its highest citizens but its lowest ones – and South Africa treated its imprisoned African citizens like animals”.1 The constitutional mandate to ensure the successful rehabilitation and reintegration of offenders into society, upon eventual release falls on the South African Department of Correctional Services (DCS).2 In terms of this mandate, the Department is encumbered with the responsibility to develop programmes which not only addresses criminal conduct but results in the eventual drop of recidivism rates.3 Notwithstanding the Department’s inordinate efforts to discharge its constitutional mandate, recidivism rates continue to be on the rise.4 Built to digress from innate retributive traditions and the concept of punishment, the Department of Correctional Services proffered to alter our realities through the creation of an environment which essentially births different behaviours.5 A task rendered unattainable, as inordinate efforts become frustrated by the realities of prisons and the myth of rehabilitation. Despite having one of the most progressive criminal justice systems in the world, obstinate challenges in South African prisons and an overwhelming prison population make managing and translating its policies into practice all the more difficult.6 With high crime and recidivism rates inundating an already saturated criminal justice 1 Mandela Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela (1994) 174-175. 2 Murhula and Singh “A Critical Analysis on Offenders Rehabilitation Approach in South Africa: A Review of the Literature” 2019 12 African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies 21 21. 3 Ibid. 4 Ibid. 5 Department of Correctional Services “White Paper on Corrections in South Africa” (November 2004) (Republic of South Africa, Minister of Correctional Services)” http://wwww.dcs.gov.za/wpcontent/uploads/2016/08/WHITE-PAPER-8.pdf (accessed 2019-05-6) 5; Wainio “Inside the World’s Toughest Prisons season 3 premiere recap: Costa Rica: Prison on a Knife-Edge” https://www.google.co.za/amp/s/showsnob.com/2018/12/24/inside-the-worlds-toughest-prisonsseason-3-premiere/amp (accessed 2019-05-6). 6 McAree “Prisoner Rehabilitation in South Africa: A case study of Phoenix Zululand’s work in Eshowe Correctional Facilities” 2011 School for International Training 7. ix system, and exposure of minor offenders to hardened criminals become all the more common,7 the vision of translating every offender who walks through the prison gate into corrigible and law-abiding citizens8 become a far-kept dream. Instead, South African prisons become nothing but breeding grounds of criminality, 9 and temporary vessels of human right violations, as an inmates try to come to terms with the fact that their eventual release into society is met with ostracization, destabilized community relations and collateral consequences.10 Since offenders are usually detained for long periods on remand, prisons are innately prevented from becoming correctional centers despite this being a stated aim in the White Paper on Corrections.11 Against this backdrop, the researcher proffers to broaden the perpetual desire to construct a transformed and developed system; one which charts a course from innate retributive traditions to one which births rehabilitated offenders into society. Mindful of the obstinate penal system which undeniably perpetuates colonial structures through dichotomization, this treatise offers an altered reality, a system which respects and promotes the values and rights enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa.12 , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Rheology behaviour of slurries as a function of particle size and ion concentration
- Authors: Kondlo, Princess Kholiwe
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53333 , vital:45141
- Description: In this work, the rheological properties of alumina slurries milled to different particle sizes were investigated. Viscosity increases as the particle size decreases. When increasing amounts of calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide or barium hydroxide are added, the viscosity first goes down and then goes up. This can be explained in terms of changes in pH and changes in ionic strength impacting on the surface potential of the particles in suspension. Adding the same concentration of different cations results in different viscosities, with the order being (from high to low viscosity) Ba>Sr>Ca. Effects of partial dissolution of and structural changes to the alumina particles at high pH cannot be excluded. In order to better understanding the different effects, it was attempted to measure the zeta potential of the slurries at different pH values. This resulted in highly positive zeta potential values over the complete pH range, without the observationof an iso-electric point. This does not fit to the observed changes in rheology and contrasts withliterature data. One explanation would be that the measurement system used is unsuitable to yield correct zeta potential values for the materials under investigation. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Kondlo, Princess Kholiwe
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53333 , vital:45141
- Description: In this work, the rheological properties of alumina slurries milled to different particle sizes were investigated. Viscosity increases as the particle size decreases. When increasing amounts of calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide or barium hydroxide are added, the viscosity first goes down and then goes up. This can be explained in terms of changes in pH and changes in ionic strength impacting on the surface potential of the particles in suspension. Adding the same concentration of different cations results in different viscosities, with the order being (from high to low viscosity) Ba>Sr>Ca. Effects of partial dissolution of and structural changes to the alumina particles at high pH cannot be excluded. In order to better understanding the different effects, it was attempted to measure the zeta potential of the slurries at different pH values. This resulted in highly positive zeta potential values over the complete pH range, without the observationof an iso-electric point. This does not fit to the observed changes in rheology and contrasts withliterature data. One explanation would be that the measurement system used is unsuitable to yield correct zeta potential values for the materials under investigation. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Smart factory adoption for a dairy factory in South Africa
- Authors: Rudman, Richard
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52963 , vital:44895
- Description: Smart Factories are a key component of Industry 4.0 and have over the last few years become a relevant topic in manufacturing across all industries. The dairy industry is no different and many of the leading dairy manufacturers have adopted many Smart Factory components and technologies. These Smart Factory components and technologies have led to change in the workplace compared to the traditional way of manufacturing. With any organisational change, it is important to consider the impact that it has on the employees of the organisations and what their attitudes and perceptions towards these changes are. When understanding employees’ attitude and perceptions of changes or factors with regard to technological changes in the workplace, organisations can manage and improve the adoption of Smart Factory Adoption. There is limited research on Smart Factory adoption in the dairy manufacturing industry in South Africa. A conceptual model was proposed based on a literature study, identifying the main factors that influence the adoption of a Smart Dairy Factory. A hypothesised model was tested by conducting a research study with a sample of employees from different hierarchical levels in a dairy factory. The questionnaire was distributed to employees and management in the organisation. The results and insights obtained, determined the factors that influence the adoption of a Smart Dairy Factory in South Africa. This study identified that the independent factors of Individual Factors, Job Security, Perceived Benefits, Trust, Company Culture towards new innovations/technologies, Company Culture with employee involvement towards new innovation/technologies, Cost and Resources, Employee perceived value of Skills and Training and Organisational Skills and Training development all have a significant positive effect on Smart Dairy Adoption. The study further identified that the Job Level of employees have a significant effect on all of the factors influencing the Smart Dairy Adoption. This is a significant finding due to the fact that management, in general, is responsible for implementing Smart Factory technologies, whereas the general workforce are the ones accepting and being affected most by the change. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Rudman, Richard
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52963 , vital:44895
- Description: Smart Factories are a key component of Industry 4.0 and have over the last few years become a relevant topic in manufacturing across all industries. The dairy industry is no different and many of the leading dairy manufacturers have adopted many Smart Factory components and technologies. These Smart Factory components and technologies have led to change in the workplace compared to the traditional way of manufacturing. With any organisational change, it is important to consider the impact that it has on the employees of the organisations and what their attitudes and perceptions towards these changes are. When understanding employees’ attitude and perceptions of changes or factors with regard to technological changes in the workplace, organisations can manage and improve the adoption of Smart Factory Adoption. There is limited research on Smart Factory adoption in the dairy manufacturing industry in South Africa. A conceptual model was proposed based on a literature study, identifying the main factors that influence the adoption of a Smart Dairy Factory. A hypothesised model was tested by conducting a research study with a sample of employees from different hierarchical levels in a dairy factory. The questionnaire was distributed to employees and management in the organisation. The results and insights obtained, determined the factors that influence the adoption of a Smart Dairy Factory in South Africa. This study identified that the independent factors of Individual Factors, Job Security, Perceived Benefits, Trust, Company Culture towards new innovations/technologies, Company Culture with employee involvement towards new innovation/technologies, Cost and Resources, Employee perceived value of Skills and Training and Organisational Skills and Training development all have a significant positive effect on Smart Dairy Adoption. The study further identified that the Job Level of employees have a significant effect on all of the factors influencing the Smart Dairy Adoption. This is a significant finding due to the fact that management, in general, is responsible for implementing Smart Factory technologies, whereas the general workforce are the ones accepting and being affected most by the change. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Strategies to sustain SMEs post the hard lockdown period: a multiple case study in Gauteng
- Rabohale, Mokabolane Innocent
- Authors: Rabohale, Mokabolane Innocent
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53015 , vital:44889
- Description: The outbreak of the Covid 19 pandemic and the lockdown restrictions imposed by the government in March 2020 exacerbated uncertain conditions of the weak South African business environment. This meant that SME owners and managers in different sectors had to implement strategies to manoeuvre the further weakened and unprecedented business environment. To investigate this, the research question asked was: what sustainable strategies will SME owners and managers craft and implement to use post the lockdown period? The study analysed strategies before, during, and post the hard lockdown period to provide insight into how SMEs adopted to the uncertain business environment. This study interviewed twenty (20) SMEs in different sectors in Gauteng to explore strategies that SME owners and managers used to sustain their businesses prior to, during, and post the level 5 and level 4 lockdown. The study revealed strategies employed by SME owners across five sectors. Furthermore, the study indicated that during the hard lockdown, owners used a “wait and see” strategy in different degrees. Post the level 5 and 4 lockdown, different sectors were innovating, cost cutting, and digitisation according to their level of comfortability and diversification. The study reveals that strategic planning was missing prior, during, and post the level 4 and 5 lockdowns, despite SME owners’ educational background. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Rabohale, Mokabolane Innocent
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53015 , vital:44889
- Description: The outbreak of the Covid 19 pandemic and the lockdown restrictions imposed by the government in March 2020 exacerbated uncertain conditions of the weak South African business environment. This meant that SME owners and managers in different sectors had to implement strategies to manoeuvre the further weakened and unprecedented business environment. To investigate this, the research question asked was: what sustainable strategies will SME owners and managers craft and implement to use post the lockdown period? The study analysed strategies before, during, and post the hard lockdown period to provide insight into how SMEs adopted to the uncertain business environment. This study interviewed twenty (20) SMEs in different sectors in Gauteng to explore strategies that SME owners and managers used to sustain their businesses prior to, during, and post the level 5 and level 4 lockdown. The study revealed strategies employed by SME owners across five sectors. Furthermore, the study indicated that during the hard lockdown, owners used a “wait and see” strategy in different degrees. Post the level 5 and 4 lockdown, different sectors were innovating, cost cutting, and digitisation according to their level of comfortability and diversification. The study reveals that strategic planning was missing prior, during, and post the level 4 and 5 lockdowns, despite SME owners’ educational background. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Synthesis of coumarin based fluorescent chemosensors for the detection of metal ions.
- Authors: Hamukoshi, Simeon Shiweda
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Organic compounds--Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52041 , vital:43422
- Description: The study focused on the synthesis of three coumarin-based chemosensors; hydrazone fluorescent chemosensor , azo-benzothiazole dye and azo-quinoline dye. The hydrazone fluorescent chemosensor was synthesised through multiple reaction steps were the azide functionality at position 8 of the coumarin backbone was replaced with the hydrazone group in the last reaction step. The azo dyes were synthesised through a two step reaction process. The photophysical properties of all three chemosensors were investigated. The hydrazone chemosensor and azo-benzothiazole dye presented high absorption and emission, while the azo-quinoline only presented absorption properties. The chemosensing ability of the three products were investigated through absorption and emission. The hydrazone chemosensor was found to be highly selective towards Fe3+ in water and the dyes were found to be selective towards Hg2+. The mechanisms of interaction between the chemosensors and their selective metal ions were investigated via computational analysis and 1H NMR analysis. All of the chemosensors where characyerised using 1H NMR, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and the X Ray Chrystal structure for the hydrazone chemosensor was obtained via X ray Chrystallography. Finally, the electron density distribution of the all synthesised compounds their predicted stable metal ion complexes was determined using Density Functionaly Theory (DFT). , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Hamukoshi, Simeon Shiweda
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Organic compounds--Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52041 , vital:43422
- Description: The study focused on the synthesis of three coumarin-based chemosensors; hydrazone fluorescent chemosensor , azo-benzothiazole dye and azo-quinoline dye. The hydrazone fluorescent chemosensor was synthesised through multiple reaction steps were the azide functionality at position 8 of the coumarin backbone was replaced with the hydrazone group in the last reaction step. The azo dyes were synthesised through a two step reaction process. The photophysical properties of all three chemosensors were investigated. The hydrazone chemosensor and azo-benzothiazole dye presented high absorption and emission, while the azo-quinoline only presented absorption properties. The chemosensing ability of the three products were investigated through absorption and emission. The hydrazone chemosensor was found to be highly selective towards Fe3+ in water and the dyes were found to be selective towards Hg2+. The mechanisms of interaction between the chemosensors and their selective metal ions were investigated via computational analysis and 1H NMR analysis. All of the chemosensors where characyerised using 1H NMR, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and the X Ray Chrystal structure for the hydrazone chemosensor was obtained via X ray Chrystallography. Finally, the electron density distribution of the all synthesised compounds their predicted stable metal ion complexes was determined using Density Functionaly Theory (DFT). , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04