Employment-based social protection: ‘Productivism’, universalism and social citizenship
- Rogan, Michael, Alfers, Laura C
- Authors: Rogan, Michael , Alfers, Laura C
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473916 , vital:77693 , ISBN 9781785368424 , https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785368431.00021
- Description: The origins of social policy1 in the industrialised countries of the Global North are linked strongly with the labour market both in terms of provision and in their assumption of near full employment (Heintz and Lund 2012). Particularly during the ‘golden era of capitalism’(from roughly the 1950s to the early 1970s), welfare states were established within a context of near full and decent employment. Not only is employment now becoming less secure and more flexible in many of these countries, but social policy has generally been slow to adapt to the changing structure of employment (Heintz and Lund 2012). Within the development literature, the criticism is often that models of employmentbased social protection have been inherited from a context which differs considerably from that of most developing-country labour markets. However, critiques from the developing-country literature have also tended to be nuanced since resources are often highly constrained, tax bases are low, and the ability to collect taxes from powerful global firms is weak.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Rogan, Michael , Alfers, Laura C
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473916 , vital:77693 , ISBN 9781785368424 , https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785368431.00021
- Description: The origins of social policy1 in the industrialised countries of the Global North are linked strongly with the labour market both in terms of provision and in their assumption of near full employment (Heintz and Lund 2012). Particularly during the ‘golden era of capitalism’(from roughly the 1950s to the early 1970s), welfare states were established within a context of near full and decent employment. Not only is employment now becoming less secure and more flexible in many of these countries, but social policy has generally been slow to adapt to the changing structure of employment (Heintz and Lund 2012). Within the development literature, the criticism is often that models of employmentbased social protection have been inherited from a context which differs considerably from that of most developing-country labour markets. However, critiques from the developing-country literature have also tended to be nuanced since resources are often highly constrained, tax bases are low, and the ability to collect taxes from powerful global firms is weak.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Shaping society from below social movements, social policy and development
- Authors: Alfers, Laura C
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/478194 , vital:78163 , ISBN 9781785368424 , https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785368431.00010
- Description: One of the lasting legacies of Marxist thought for the study of state and society is the idea that social change and the way this change is institutionalized through the state, in its regulations, laws and policies is a result of the contestation of social forces. Running through this are questions about the interplay of structure and agency, power and the response to power, and debates about whether, how and under what conditions organized groups of the less powerful can use their relative numerical dominance to engage with more powerful interests to improve their situation. The concern with how forces from below initiate, engage with, challenge and/or resist social change has characterized a wideranging academic literature, crossing multiple disciplinary boundaries. The result has been a large and diverse body of scholarship on what are known as social movements, which are broadly defined by Tilly (2004) as groups of ordinary people who mobilize around a common interest to make collective claims on others. While much social movement scholarship is focused on groups of people organizing for greater social and economic inclusion, it is important to acknowledge that social movements can also mobilize around issues that are considered exclusionary (for example, neo-Nazi groups, anti-immigration and religious fundamentalism).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Alfers, Laura C
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/478194 , vital:78163 , ISBN 9781785368424 , https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785368431.00010
- Description: One of the lasting legacies of Marxist thought for the study of state and society is the idea that social change and the way this change is institutionalized through the state, in its regulations, laws and policies is a result of the contestation of social forces. Running through this are questions about the interplay of structure and agency, power and the response to power, and debates about whether, how and under what conditions organized groups of the less powerful can use their relative numerical dominance to engage with more powerful interests to improve their situation. The concern with how forces from below initiate, engage with, challenge and/or resist social change has characterized a wideranging academic literature, crossing multiple disciplinary boundaries. The result has been a large and diverse body of scholarship on what are known as social movements, which are broadly defined by Tilly (2004) as groups of ordinary people who mobilize around a common interest to make collective claims on others. While much social movement scholarship is focused on groups of people organizing for greater social and economic inclusion, it is important to acknowledge that social movements can also mobilize around issues that are considered exclusionary (for example, neo-Nazi groups, anti-immigration and religious fundamentalism).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
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