Synthesis and dark toxicity of 5-(4-carboxyphenyl)-10, 15, 20-tris (phenyl)-porphyrinato chlorido gallium (III) when conjugated to δ-aminolevulinic acid
- Managa, Muthumuni, Mkhize, Scebi, Britton, Jonathan, Prinsloo, Earl, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Managa, Muthumuni , Mkhize, Scebi , Britton, Jonathan , Prinsloo, Earl , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/240014 , vital:50789 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/00958972.2016.1223292"
- Description: 5-(4-Carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(phenyl)-porphyrinato chlorido gallium(III) (2) was synthesized and then linked to ethyl ester δ-aminolevulinic acid to form 3. There was no shift in Soret band following conjugation. The fluorescence and singlet oxygen generating behavior of the porphyrins were also investigated. The highest singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΦΔ) obtained was that of 3. Complexes 2 and 3 as well as metal free 5-(4-carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(phenyl)-porphyrinato showed no dark toxicity on MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Managa, Muthumuni , Mkhize, Scebi , Britton, Jonathan , Prinsloo, Earl , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/240014 , vital:50789 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/00958972.2016.1223292"
- Description: 5-(4-Carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(phenyl)-porphyrinato chlorido gallium(III) (2) was synthesized and then linked to ethyl ester δ-aminolevulinic acid to form 3. There was no shift in Soret band following conjugation. The fluorescence and singlet oxygen generating behavior of the porphyrins were also investigated. The highest singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΦΔ) obtained was that of 3. Complexes 2 and 3 as well as metal free 5-(4-carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(phenyl)-porphyrinato showed no dark toxicity on MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Synthesis and optical limiting properties of new lanthanide bis-and tris-phthalocyanines
- Sekhosana, Kutloana Edward, Manyeruke, Meloddy Hlatini, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Sekhosana, Kutloana Edward , Manyeruke, Meloddy Hlatini , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/240063 , vital:50795 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.05.068"
- Description: This manuscript reports on syntheses of new multi-decker phthalocyanines, namely: bis-{2,3,9,10,16,10,16,17,23,24-octa(4-tertbutylphenoxy) phthalocyaninato} cerium(III) (2), tris-{2,3,9,10,16,10,16,17,23,24-octa(4-tertbutylphenoxy) phthalocyaninato} dicerium(III) (4) and bis-{2,3,9,10,16,10,16,17,23,24-octa(4-tertbutylphenoxy) phthalocyaninato} gadolinium(III) (5). Complex 4 which is a tris phthalocyanine showed better nonlinear optical behavior in solution than 2 which is a bis phthalocyanine, both containing the same central metal, Ce. All the three molecules possess good optical limiting properties judged by the limiting threshold values which ranged from 0.04 to 0.09 J cm−2 with complex 5 embedded in thin films, showing the lowest value of 0.04 J cm−2. Furthermore, nonlinear optical processes responsible for reverse saturable absorption data are investigated.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Sekhosana, Kutloana Edward , Manyeruke, Meloddy Hlatini , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/240063 , vital:50795 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.05.068"
- Description: This manuscript reports on syntheses of new multi-decker phthalocyanines, namely: bis-{2,3,9,10,16,10,16,17,23,24-octa(4-tertbutylphenoxy) phthalocyaninato} cerium(III) (2), tris-{2,3,9,10,16,10,16,17,23,24-octa(4-tertbutylphenoxy) phthalocyaninato} dicerium(III) (4) and bis-{2,3,9,10,16,10,16,17,23,24-octa(4-tertbutylphenoxy) phthalocyaninato} gadolinium(III) (5). Complex 4 which is a tris phthalocyanine showed better nonlinear optical behavior in solution than 2 which is a bis phthalocyanine, both containing the same central metal, Ce. All the three molecules possess good optical limiting properties judged by the limiting threshold values which ranged from 0.04 to 0.09 J cm−2 with complex 5 embedded in thin films, showing the lowest value of 0.04 J cm−2. Furthermore, nonlinear optical processes responsible for reverse saturable absorption data are investigated.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Synthesis and photophysicochemical properties of BODIPY dye functionalized gold nanorods for use in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy
- Kubheka, Gugu, Uddin, Imran, Amuhaya, Edith, Mack, John, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Kubheka, Gugu , Uddin, Imran , Amuhaya, Edith , Mack, John , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/239897 , vital:50778 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S108842461650070X"
- Description: A series of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes with properties that are ideal for a good photosensitizer have been prepared. Functionalization with bromine atoms and attachment to gold nanoparticles through a meso-aniline group results in high singlet oxygen quantum yields and low fluorescent quantum yields. Molecular modelling was used to analyze trends in the MO energies of various brominated aniline BODIPY dyes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Kubheka, Gugu , Uddin, Imran , Amuhaya, Edith , Mack, John , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/239897 , vital:50778 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S108842461650070X"
- Description: A series of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes with properties that are ideal for a good photosensitizer have been prepared. Functionalization with bromine atoms and attachment to gold nanoparticles through a meso-aniline group results in high singlet oxygen quantum yields and low fluorescent quantum yields. Molecular modelling was used to analyze trends in the MO energies of various brominated aniline BODIPY dyes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Synthesis and physicochemical properties of zinc and indium phthalocyanines conjugated to quantum dots, gold and magnetic nanoparticles
- Osifeko, Olawale, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Osifeko, Olawale , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/188639 , vital:44771 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.04.015"
- Description: This work reports on the conjugation of semiconductors quantum dots (QDs), gold (AuNPs) or Fe3O4 magnetic (MNPs) nanoparticles to 4-(4,6-diaminopyrimidin-2-ylthio) substituted indium or zinc phthalocyanines (Pcs). The QDs and MNPs were linked to the Pcs via an amide bond and by chemisorption unto AuNP surface. There is a general decrease in fluorescence quantum yields of the Pcs in the presence of all the nanoparticles. There is an increase triplet quantum yields for Pcs in the presence of AuNPs and QDs, but not in the presence of MNPs. AuNPs conjugates irrespective of the central atoms have the highest singlet oxygen quantum yield and are more photo-stable than all the other conjugates. MPcs are less photostable in the presence of MNPs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Osifeko, Olawale , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/188639 , vital:44771 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.04.015"
- Description: This work reports on the conjugation of semiconductors quantum dots (QDs), gold (AuNPs) or Fe3O4 magnetic (MNPs) nanoparticles to 4-(4,6-diaminopyrimidin-2-ylthio) substituted indium or zinc phthalocyanines (Pcs). The QDs and MNPs were linked to the Pcs via an amide bond and by chemisorption unto AuNP surface. There is a general decrease in fluorescence quantum yields of the Pcs in the presence of all the nanoparticles. There is an increase triplet quantum yields for Pcs in the presence of AuNPs and QDs, but not in the presence of MNPs. AuNPs conjugates irrespective of the central atoms have the highest singlet oxygen quantum yield and are more photo-stable than all the other conjugates. MPcs are less photostable in the presence of MNPs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Synthesis and singlet oxygen production by a phthalocyanine when embedded in asymmetric polymer membranes
- Mafukidze, Donovan M, Mashazi, Philani N, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Mafukidze, Donovan M , Mashazi, Philani N , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/188563 , vital:44765 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2016.10.032"
- Description: 2(3), 9(10), 16(17), 23(24)-Tetrakis-(4-aminophenoxy) phthalocyaninato indium (III) chloride (ClInTAPPc, 3) was first conjugated to two different polymers: polystyrene (PS) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) to form 3-PS and 3-PAN. The conjugates were cast into the corresponding polymers to form membranes represented as 3-PS-membrane and 3-PAN-membrane, respectively. The prepared membranes were characterized using various techniques including scanning electron microscopy and solid state UV/Vis spectroscopy. Singlet oxygen quantum yields were higher for the 3-PS-membrane at 0.51 compared to 3-PAN-membrane at 0.35. The larger singlet oxygen also applies to 3-PS (0.63) compared to 3-PAN (0.38) when in solution.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Mafukidze, Donovan M , Mashazi, Philani N , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/188563 , vital:44765 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2016.10.032"
- Description: 2(3), 9(10), 16(17), 23(24)-Tetrakis-(4-aminophenoxy) phthalocyaninato indium (III) chloride (ClInTAPPc, 3) was first conjugated to two different polymers: polystyrene (PS) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) to form 3-PS and 3-PAN. The conjugates were cast into the corresponding polymers to form membranes represented as 3-PS-membrane and 3-PAN-membrane, respectively. The prepared membranes were characterized using various techniques including scanning electron microscopy and solid state UV/Vis spectroscopy. Singlet oxygen quantum yields were higher for the 3-PS-membrane at 0.51 compared to 3-PAN-membrane at 0.35. The larger singlet oxygen also applies to 3-PS (0.63) compared to 3-PAN (0.38) when in solution.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Synthesis, characterization and electrochemistry of rhodium (iii) complexes of meso-substituted [14] tribenzotriphyrin (2.1. 1)
- Xue, Zhaoli, Wang, Yemei, Mack, John, Mkhize, Scebi, Nyokong, Tebello, Fang, Yuanyuan, Ou, Zhongping, Kadish, Karl M
- Authors: Xue, Zhaoli , Wang, Yemei , Mack, John , Mkhize, Scebi , Nyokong, Tebello , Fang, Yuanyuan , Ou, Zhongping , Kadish, Karl M
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/241043 , vital:50899 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA03028A"
- Description: A thermal reaction using a series of [14]tribenzotriphyrins(2.1.1) (TriPs, 1a–d) with Rh2(C8H12)Cl2 provides RhIII–TriP complexes (2a–d) in 40−52% yields. The complexes were characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible absorption and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Single crystal X-ray analysis reveals that 2b adopts a dome-shaped conformation. The rhodium(III) ion is coordinated by the three pyrrole nitrogen atoms, two chloride ions and the nitrogen atom of an acetonitrile (CH3CN) solvent molecule. The optical spectra can be assigned using Michl's perimeter model. The L and B bands of the 2a–d complexes lie at ca. 600 and 500 nm, respectively, and are markedly red shifted relative to those of 1a–d. A reversible one-electron oxidation and two reversible one-electron reductions are observed in the cyclic voltammograms of 2a–d in CH2Cl2. The redox potentials are consistent with the optical data and the relatively narrow HOMO–LUMO gaps that are predicted in DFT calculations. TD-DFT calculations have been used to assign a third intense spectral band at 375 nm to a higher energy π → π* transition of the [14]tribenzotriphyrin(2.1.1) π-system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Xue, Zhaoli , Wang, Yemei , Mack, John , Mkhize, Scebi , Nyokong, Tebello , Fang, Yuanyuan , Ou, Zhongping , Kadish, Karl M
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/241043 , vital:50899 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA03028A"
- Description: A thermal reaction using a series of [14]tribenzotriphyrins(2.1.1) (TriPs, 1a–d) with Rh2(C8H12)Cl2 provides RhIII–TriP complexes (2a–d) in 40−52% yields. The complexes were characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible absorption and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Single crystal X-ray analysis reveals that 2b adopts a dome-shaped conformation. The rhodium(III) ion is coordinated by the three pyrrole nitrogen atoms, two chloride ions and the nitrogen atom of an acetonitrile (CH3CN) solvent molecule. The optical spectra can be assigned using Michl's perimeter model. The L and B bands of the 2a–d complexes lie at ca. 600 and 500 nm, respectively, and are markedly red shifted relative to those of 1a–d. A reversible one-electron oxidation and two reversible one-electron reductions are observed in the cyclic voltammograms of 2a–d in CH2Cl2. The redox potentials are consistent with the optical data and the relatively narrow HOMO–LUMO gaps that are predicted in DFT calculations. TD-DFT calculations have been used to assign a third intense spectral band at 375 nm to a higher energy π → π* transition of the [14]tribenzotriphyrin(2.1.1) π-system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Synthesis, Characterization, and Electronic Structures of Porphyrins Fused with Polycyclic Aromatic Ring Systems
- Okujima, Tetsuo, Mack, John, Nakamura, Jun, Kubheka, Gugu, Nyokong, Tebello, Zhu, Hua, Komobuchi, Naoki, Ono, Noboru, Yamada, Hiroko, Uno, Hidemitsu, Kobayashi, Nagao
- Authors: Okujima, Tetsuo , Mack, John , Nakamura, Jun , Kubheka, Gugu , Nyokong, Tebello , Zhu, Hua , Komobuchi, Naoki , Ono, Noboru , Yamada, Hiroko , Uno, Hidemitsu , Kobayashi, Nagao
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/240360 , vital:50827 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201602213"
- Description: A series of porphyrins fused with acenaphthylene, phenanthroline, and benzofluoranthene polycyclic aromatic rings were prepared by means of a 3+1 porphyrin synthesis approach and subsequent retro-Diels–Alder reaction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused precursors. Analysis of the magnetic circular dichroism spectra and the results of time-dependent DFT calculations are used to identify the reasons for the trends observed in the wavelengths and relative intensities of the Q bands of the products. Michl's perimeter model is used as a conceptual framework to explain the changes in the relative energies of the frontier π-molecular orbitals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Okujima, Tetsuo , Mack, John , Nakamura, Jun , Kubheka, Gugu , Nyokong, Tebello , Zhu, Hua , Komobuchi, Naoki , Ono, Noboru , Yamada, Hiroko , Uno, Hidemitsu , Kobayashi, Nagao
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/240360 , vital:50827 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201602213"
- Description: A series of porphyrins fused with acenaphthylene, phenanthroline, and benzofluoranthene polycyclic aromatic rings were prepared by means of a 3+1 porphyrin synthesis approach and subsequent retro-Diels–Alder reaction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused precursors. Analysis of the magnetic circular dichroism spectra and the results of time-dependent DFT calculations are used to identify the reasons for the trends observed in the wavelengths and relative intensities of the Q bands of the products. Michl's perimeter model is used as a conceptual framework to explain the changes in the relative energies of the frontier π-molecular orbitals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Teacher code switching consistency and precision in a multilingual mathematics classroom:
- Chikiwa, Clemence, Schäfer, Marc
- Authors: Chikiwa, Clemence , Schäfer, Marc
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141087 , vital:37943 , https://doi.org/10.1080/18117295.2016.1228823
- Description: This paper reports on a study that investigated teacher code switching consistency and precision in multilingual secondary school mathematics classrooms in South Africa. Data was obtained through interviewing and observing five lessons of each of three mathematics teachers purposively selected from three township schools in the Eastern Cape Province. Elements of Gumperz and Mercer’s work on lesson categories and Dowling’s Domains of Mathematical Practice were used to analyse data. Results showed that code switching frequency in general was inconsistent across different lessons for the same teacher.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Chikiwa, Clemence , Schäfer, Marc
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141087 , vital:37943 , https://doi.org/10.1080/18117295.2016.1228823
- Description: This paper reports on a study that investigated teacher code switching consistency and precision in multilingual secondary school mathematics classrooms in South Africa. Data was obtained through interviewing and observing five lessons of each of three mathematics teachers purposively selected from three township schools in the Eastern Cape Province. Elements of Gumperz and Mercer’s work on lesson categories and Dowling’s Domains of Mathematical Practice were used to analyse data. Results showed that code switching frequency in general was inconsistent across different lessons for the same teacher.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Teaching and Learning of ‘Water for Agriculture’in Primary Schools in Lesotho, South Africa and Zimbabwe
- Pesanayi, Tichaona V, Mashozhera, Farasten, Khitsane, Lintle
- Authors: Pesanayi, Tichaona V , Mashozhera, Farasten , Khitsane, Lintle
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/387289 , vital:68222 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/152741"
- Description: Teaching youths about the subject of water for agriculture is vital in southern Africa where climate adaptation is imperative. Fresh water is a critical natural resource experiencing dangerous scarcity globally, with climate change and variability being key drivers. Agriculture consumes most of the allocated water in most of the southern African countries, so this sector needs particular water harvesting and conservation education. The Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) reported that 93% of cultivated land in southern Africa was rain-fed at the beginning of the 21st century. Drought hinders effective agricultural practices in poor-rainfall areas and is a common feature in most southern African countries. Increasingly frequent drought events affect Lesotho, South Africa and Zimbabwe chronically due to climate variability and change. These three countries have school curricula that carry agricultural and sustainability learning to varying extents. Agriculture is taught as a science subject, and tends to be inclined towards normative technicist approaches at the expense of traditional and innovative sustainability practices. This omission in curriculum development and teaching may miss the opportunity to learn from lessons offered by these traditional and innovative systems that have demonstrated resilience to climate variability and change. This paper explores the opportunities and enablers of sustainability learning and relevance in the primary school agriculture curricula of these three countries. The paper argues for inclusion of sustainable agricultural water learning as an act of educational quality and relevance that reflects 21st century socio-ecological, agro-climate and socioeconomic challenges in southern Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Pesanayi, Tichaona V , Mashozhera, Farasten , Khitsane, Lintle
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/387289 , vital:68222 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/152741"
- Description: Teaching youths about the subject of water for agriculture is vital in southern Africa where climate adaptation is imperative. Fresh water is a critical natural resource experiencing dangerous scarcity globally, with climate change and variability being key drivers. Agriculture consumes most of the allocated water in most of the southern African countries, so this sector needs particular water harvesting and conservation education. The Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) reported that 93% of cultivated land in southern Africa was rain-fed at the beginning of the 21st century. Drought hinders effective agricultural practices in poor-rainfall areas and is a common feature in most southern African countries. Increasingly frequent drought events affect Lesotho, South Africa and Zimbabwe chronically due to climate variability and change. These three countries have school curricula that carry agricultural and sustainability learning to varying extents. Agriculture is taught as a science subject, and tends to be inclined towards normative technicist approaches at the expense of traditional and innovative sustainability practices. This omission in curriculum development and teaching may miss the opportunity to learn from lessons offered by these traditional and innovative systems that have demonstrated resilience to climate variability and change. This paper explores the opportunities and enablers of sustainability learning and relevance in the primary school agriculture curricula of these three countries. The paper argues for inclusion of sustainable agricultural water learning as an act of educational quality and relevance that reflects 21st century socio-ecological, agro-climate and socioeconomic challenges in southern Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Teaching operating systems: just enough abstraction
- Authors: Machanick, Philip
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/439265 , vital:73560 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47680-3_10
- Description: There are two major approaches to teaching operating systems: conceptual and detailed. I explore the middle ground with an approach designed to equip students with the tools to explore detail later as the need arises, without requiring the time and grasp of detail needed to understand a full OS implementation. To meet those goals, I apply various strategies to different concepts, for example, faking the detail and using techniques from computer architecture simulation. The course aims to give students a better sense of how things work than a conceptual approach without the time required for a full implementation-based course.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Machanick, Philip
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/439265 , vital:73560 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47680-3_10
- Description: There are two major approaches to teaching operating systems: conceptual and detailed. I explore the middle ground with an approach designed to equip students with the tools to explore detail later as the need arises, without requiring the time and grasp of detail needed to understand a full OS implementation. To meet those goals, I apply various strategies to different concepts, for example, faking the detail and using techniques from computer architecture simulation. The course aims to give students a better sense of how things work than a conceptual approach without the time required for a full implementation-based course.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Technauriture as an Educational Tool in South Africa: translating to read across Africa
- Authors: Kaschula, Russell H
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174865 , vital:42516 , https://njas.fi/njas/article/view/109
- Description: This article seeks to situate the importance of orality in southern African communities within the paradigm of Technauriture, that being the intersection of technology, auriture and literature and how it relates to imparting educational messages within South Africa in particular. The process of orality as allowed for through, for example oral histories, music, poetry and story-telling, and how it interacts with the recording process facilitated through modern technology, as well as the return of the oral material via technology in educational and archival circles is further explored in this article. The question which this article seeks to understand is how technology can contribute in the educational milieu.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Kaschula, Russell H
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174865 , vital:42516 , https://njas.fi/njas/article/view/109
- Description: This article seeks to situate the importance of orality in southern African communities within the paradigm of Technauriture, that being the intersection of technology, auriture and literature and how it relates to imparting educational messages within South Africa in particular. The process of orality as allowed for through, for example oral histories, music, poetry and story-telling, and how it interacts with the recording process facilitated through modern technology, as well as the return of the oral material via technology in educational and archival circles is further explored in this article. The question which this article seeks to understand is how technology can contribute in the educational milieu.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
TeleWeaver: an architectural overview of a customised application server for rurality
- Tsietsi, Mosiuoa, Terzoli, Alfredo, Gumbo, Sibukelo
- Authors: Tsietsi, Mosiuoa , Terzoli, Alfredo , Gumbo, Sibukelo
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430624 , vital:72704 , 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530616
- Description: The Siyakhula Living Lab in the rural Eastern Cape province of South Africa has been in existence for over a decade now. In this time, sever-al software artefacts have been developed by students and partners with the aim of providing contextually-relevant services to the rural community. However, reliance on different platforms and paradigms has meant that the deployment of such services would be difficult to implement and maintain reliably in actual practice. What is required is a single software platform that can act as a docking station for multiple applications, as well as a routing substrate for applications living inside and outside the platform. A candidate platform to enable this is currently being integrated under the codename Teleweaver and is built from a free, open source J2EE application server and integrates with other software components. This paper provides an architectural overview of the platform and demonstrates how it provides a sustainable context for application development going forward.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Tsietsi, Mosiuoa , Terzoli, Alfredo , Gumbo, Sibukelo
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430624 , vital:72704 , 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530616
- Description: The Siyakhula Living Lab in the rural Eastern Cape province of South Africa has been in existence for over a decade now. In this time, sever-al software artefacts have been developed by students and partners with the aim of providing contextually-relevant services to the rural community. However, reliance on different platforms and paradigms has meant that the deployment of such services would be difficult to implement and maintain reliably in actual practice. What is required is a single software platform that can act as a docking station for multiple applications, as well as a routing substrate for applications living inside and outside the platform. A candidate platform to enable this is currently being integrated under the codename Teleweaver and is built from a free, open source J2EE application server and integrates with other software components. This paper provides an architectural overview of the platform and demonstrates how it provides a sustainable context for application development going forward.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Temperature-dependent performance and potential distribution of Pareuchaetes insulata, a biological control agent of Chromolaena odorata in South Africa
- Uyi, Osariyekemwen O, Zachariades, Costas, Hill, Martin P, McConnachie, Andrew J
- Authors: Uyi, Osariyekemwen O , Zachariades, Costas , Hill, Martin P , McConnachie, Andrew J
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/418067 , vital:71505 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-016-9760-1"
- Description: Despite the release of about 1.9 million individuals of Pareuchaetes insulata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in KwaZulu-Natal for the biological control of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson (Asteraceae) in South Africa, the moth probably only established at one of the 30 release sites and its population level is generally low in the field. To determine whether climate incompatibility in South Africa is responsible for the poor performance of P. insulata, the effects of temperature on life-history traits were investigated under several constant temperatures. Although a degree-day model estimated between 3.9 and 10.0 generations of the moth per year in the weed’s invaded range, survival and fecundity declined while development time was prolonged at constant temperatures below 25 °C, indicating that both direct and indirect negative impacts of low winter temperatures, such as increased mortality, slow development and reduced fecundity as well as exposure to natural enemies, may partly explain the poor performance of P. insulata in South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Uyi, Osariyekemwen O , Zachariades, Costas , Hill, Martin P , McConnachie, Andrew J
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/418067 , vital:71505 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-016-9760-1"
- Description: Despite the release of about 1.9 million individuals of Pareuchaetes insulata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in KwaZulu-Natal for the biological control of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson (Asteraceae) in South Africa, the moth probably only established at one of the 30 release sites and its population level is generally low in the field. To determine whether climate incompatibility in South Africa is responsible for the poor performance of P. insulata, the effects of temperature on life-history traits were investigated under several constant temperatures. Although a degree-day model estimated between 3.9 and 10.0 generations of the moth per year in the weed’s invaded range, survival and fecundity declined while development time was prolonged at constant temperatures below 25 °C, indicating that both direct and indirect negative impacts of low winter temperatures, such as increased mortality, slow development and reduced fecundity as well as exposure to natural enemies, may partly explain the poor performance of P. insulata in South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
The Bero Volcanic Complex: extension of the Paraná-Etendeka Igneous Province into SW Angola
- Marsh, Julian S, Swart, Roger S
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S , Swart, Roger S
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/60763 , vital:27827 , https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377027316304176
- Description: An extension of the Etendeka-Paraná Igneous Province into SW Angola occurs as minor basalt lavas, intrusive gabbro sheets, minor mafic dykes and thick sheets and lava flows (with minor pyroclastics) of quartz latite composition This suite crops out along the eastern margin of the Cretaceous Namibe Basin in SW Angola. The quartz latites from one locality have been referred to informally as the Giraul volcanics but the name ‘Giraul’ has previously been used for Cretaceous conglomerates. We propose the name Bero Volcanic Complex for this suite of intrusive and extrusive rocks on the basis that the full compositional range of this diverse suite crops out along the Rio Bero. Major and trace element compositions and Sr-, Nd-, and Pb-isotopic compositions indicate that the basalts and gabbros are equivalent to the high-Ti Khumib/Urubici and Pitanga types from the Etendeka and Paraná. The basalts underlie the quartz latites which are cut by mafic dykes some of which are compositionally equivalent to the Paranapanema lavas in the Paraná. Five different geochemical types of high-Ti quartz latite are recognised amongst the silicic volcanics, 3 of which have very close geochemical affinities to the Ventura, Sarusas, and Khoraseb types of the northern Etendeka. Their relative stratigraphic position in the Bero volcanic sequence is the same as in the Etendeka sequence and extend significantly the area over which these types were erupted. The two remaining types, Chinguau and High-Nb are not known from either the Etendeka or the Paraná provinces.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S , Swart, Roger S
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/60763 , vital:27827 , https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377027316304176
- Description: An extension of the Etendeka-Paraná Igneous Province into SW Angola occurs as minor basalt lavas, intrusive gabbro sheets, minor mafic dykes and thick sheets and lava flows (with minor pyroclastics) of quartz latite composition This suite crops out along the eastern margin of the Cretaceous Namibe Basin in SW Angola. The quartz latites from one locality have been referred to informally as the Giraul volcanics but the name ‘Giraul’ has previously been used for Cretaceous conglomerates. We propose the name Bero Volcanic Complex for this suite of intrusive and extrusive rocks on the basis that the full compositional range of this diverse suite crops out along the Rio Bero. Major and trace element compositions and Sr-, Nd-, and Pb-isotopic compositions indicate that the basalts and gabbros are equivalent to the high-Ti Khumib/Urubici and Pitanga types from the Etendeka and Paraná. The basalts underlie the quartz latites which are cut by mafic dykes some of which are compositionally equivalent to the Paranapanema lavas in the Paraná. Five different geochemical types of high-Ti quartz latite are recognised amongst the silicic volcanics, 3 of which have very close geochemical affinities to the Ventura, Sarusas, and Khoraseb types of the northern Etendeka. Their relative stratigraphic position in the Bero volcanic sequence is the same as in the Etendeka sequence and extend significantly the area over which these types were erupted. The two remaining types, Chinguau and High-Nb are not known from either the Etendeka or the Paraná provinces.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
The development of computational biology in South Africa: successes achieved and lessons learnt
- Mulder, Nicola J, Christoffels, Alan, De Oliveira, Tulio, Gamieldien, Junaid, Hazelhurst, Scott, Joubert, Fourie, Kumuthini, Judit, Pillay, Ché S, Snoep, Jacky L, Tastan Bishop, Özlem, Tiffin, Nicki
- Authors: Mulder, Nicola J , Christoffels, Alan , De Oliveira, Tulio , Gamieldien, Junaid , Hazelhurst, Scott , Joubert, Fourie , Kumuthini, Judit , Pillay, Ché S , Snoep, Jacky L , Tastan Bishop, Özlem , Tiffin, Nicki
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148347 , vital:38731 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004395
- Description: Bioinformatics is now a critical skill in many research and commercial environments as biological data are increasing in both size and complexity. South African researchers recognized this need in the mid-1990s and responded by working with the government as well as international bodies to develop initiatives to build bioinformatics capacity in the country. Significant injections of support from these bodies provided a springboard for the establishment of computational biology units at multiple universities throughout the country, which took on teaching, basic research and support roles. Several challenges were encountered, for example with unreliability of funding, lack of skills, and lack of infrastructure. However, the bioinformatics community worked together to overcome these, and South Africa is now arguably the leading country in bioinformatics on the African continent. Here we discuss how the discipline developed in the country, highlighting the challenges, successes, and lessons learnt.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Mulder, Nicola J , Christoffels, Alan , De Oliveira, Tulio , Gamieldien, Junaid , Hazelhurst, Scott , Joubert, Fourie , Kumuthini, Judit , Pillay, Ché S , Snoep, Jacky L , Tastan Bishop, Özlem , Tiffin, Nicki
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148347 , vital:38731 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004395
- Description: Bioinformatics is now a critical skill in many research and commercial environments as biological data are increasing in both size and complexity. South African researchers recognized this need in the mid-1990s and responded by working with the government as well as international bodies to develop initiatives to build bioinformatics capacity in the country. Significant injections of support from these bodies provided a springboard for the establishment of computational biology units at multiple universities throughout the country, which took on teaching, basic research and support roles. Several challenges were encountered, for example with unreliability of funding, lack of skills, and lack of infrastructure. However, the bioinformatics community worked together to overcome these, and South Africa is now arguably the leading country in bioinformatics on the African continent. Here we discuss how the discipline developed in the country, highlighting the challenges, successes, and lessons learnt.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
The effectiveness and impacts of subsidies to film industries
- Collins, Alan, Snowball, Jeanette D
- Authors: Collins, Alan , Snowball, Jeanette D
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/68511 , vital:29273 , https://www.southafricanculturalobservatory.org.za/
- Description: Publisher version , Conference paper presented at the South African Cultural Observatory, First National Conference: Counting Culture, The Cultural and Creative Industries in National and International Context, 16-17 May 2016, The Boardwalk International Convention Centre, Nelson Mandela Bay.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Collins, Alan , Snowball, Jeanette D
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/68511 , vital:29273 , https://www.southafricanculturalobservatory.org.za/
- Description: Publisher version , Conference paper presented at the South African Cultural Observatory, First National Conference: Counting Culture, The Cultural and Creative Industries in National and International Context, 16-17 May 2016, The Boardwalk International Convention Centre, Nelson Mandela Bay.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
The effects of silica based nanoparticles on the photophysicochemical properties, in vitro dark viability and photodynamic therapy study of zinc monocarboxyphenoxy phthalocyanine
- Oluwole, David O, Uddin, Imran, Prinsloo, Earl, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Oluwole, David O , Uddin, Imran , Prinsloo, Earl , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/240371 , vital:50828 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.07.002"
- Description: Aminopropyl triethoxysilane functionalized core SiO2 and core/shell ZnO/SiO2 nanoparticles (NP) were covalently linked to zinc monocarboxyphenoxy phthalocyanine (ZnMCPPc, complex 1) via amide bond formation. The photophysicochemical behavior, in vitro dark viability and photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity against human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7 cells) of the conjugates were studied. The nanoconjugates showed enhanced photophysicochemical behavior as compared to complex 1 alone. Complex 1 showed higher dark toxicity against MCF-7 cells when compared to the conjugates. In the dark, complex 1 accounted for less than 50% viable cells at 28.6 μg/mL and 57.1 μg/mL compared to the conjugates which accounted for more than 50% cell viability at these concentrations. The in vitro dark viability and PDT activity of complex 1 was reduced in the presence of these nanoparticles.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Oluwole, David O , Uddin, Imran , Prinsloo, Earl , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/240371 , vital:50828 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.07.002"
- Description: Aminopropyl triethoxysilane functionalized core SiO2 and core/shell ZnO/SiO2 nanoparticles (NP) were covalently linked to zinc monocarboxyphenoxy phthalocyanine (ZnMCPPc, complex 1) via amide bond formation. The photophysicochemical behavior, in vitro dark viability and photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity against human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7 cells) of the conjugates were studied. The nanoconjugates showed enhanced photophysicochemical behavior as compared to complex 1 alone. Complex 1 showed higher dark toxicity against MCF-7 cells when compared to the conjugates. In the dark, complex 1 accounted for less than 50% viable cells at 28.6 μg/mL and 57.1 μg/mL compared to the conjugates which accounted for more than 50% cell viability at these concentrations. The in vitro dark viability and PDT activity of complex 1 was reduced in the presence of these nanoparticles.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
The emancipatory potential of nursing practice in relation to sexuality: a systematic literature review of nursing research 2009–2014
- Macleod, Catriona I, Nhamo-Murire, Mercy
- Authors: Macleod, Catriona I , Nhamo-Murire, Mercy
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/446312 , vital:74489 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nin.12131"
- Description: Nurses play a key role in the provision of services in relation to sexuality in both primary and sexual and reproductive health-care. Given the intersection of sexualities with a range of social injustices, this study reviews research on nursing practice concerning sexuality from an emancipatory/social justice perspective. A systematic review of English articles published in nursing journals appearing on the Web of Science database from 2009 to 2014 was conducted. Thirty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria. Analysis consisted of a descriptive phase (types and location of studies, aspects of sexualities focused on, target health users and aspects of nursing practice focused on) and a critical/emancipatory phase. In terms of practice, our analysis revealed that: barriers exist to the integration of issues relating to sexuality in nursing practice; the social location of nurses and their personal feelings regarding sexuality influence their practice; content that addresses gendered norms and media that assist in communication underpin some emancipatory practices. Few studies locate analyses of nursing practice within gendered, cultural and social norms; consider advocacy as part of the practice of nurses; or analyse the promotion of health user participation in health services and structures. The implications for emancipatory practice are drawn out.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Macleod, Catriona I , Nhamo-Murire, Mercy
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/446312 , vital:74489 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nin.12131"
- Description: Nurses play a key role in the provision of services in relation to sexuality in both primary and sexual and reproductive health-care. Given the intersection of sexualities with a range of social injustices, this study reviews research on nursing practice concerning sexuality from an emancipatory/social justice perspective. A systematic review of English articles published in nursing journals appearing on the Web of Science database from 2009 to 2014 was conducted. Thirty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria. Analysis consisted of a descriptive phase (types and location of studies, aspects of sexualities focused on, target health users and aspects of nursing practice focused on) and a critical/emancipatory phase. In terms of practice, our analysis revealed that: barriers exist to the integration of issues relating to sexuality in nursing practice; the social location of nurses and their personal feelings regarding sexuality influence their practice; content that addresses gendered norms and media that assist in communication underpin some emancipatory practices. Few studies locate analyses of nursing practice within gendered, cultural and social norms; consider advocacy as part of the practice of nurses; or analyse the promotion of health user participation in health services and structures. The implications for emancipatory practice are drawn out.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
The good African society index
- Authors: Botha, Ferdi
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/396194 , vital:69157 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-0891-z"
- Description: This paper constructs a Good Society Index for 45 African countries, termed the Good African Society Index (GASI). The GASI consists of nine main indexes: (1) economic sustainability, (2) democracy and freedom, (3) child well-being, (4) environment and infrastructure, (5) safety and security, (6) health and health systems, (7) integrity and justice, (8) education, and (9) social sustainability and social cohesion. Each component is split into four sub-components for a total of 36 indicators. Tunisia ranks highest on the GASI, followed by Cape Verde and Botswana. Chad has the lowest GASI score, followed by Central African Republic and Cote d’Ivoire. The GASI is strongly related to the 2012 Human Development Index and Fragile States Index, to a lesser extent, GNI per capita.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Botha, Ferdi
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/396194 , vital:69157 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-0891-z"
- Description: This paper constructs a Good Society Index for 45 African countries, termed the Good African Society Index (GASI). The GASI consists of nine main indexes: (1) economic sustainability, (2) democracy and freedom, (3) child well-being, (4) environment and infrastructure, (5) safety and security, (6) health and health systems, (7) integrity and justice, (8) education, and (9) social sustainability and social cohesion. Each component is split into four sub-components for a total of 36 indicators. Tunisia ranks highest on the GASI, followed by Cape Verde and Botswana. Chad has the lowest GASI score, followed by Central African Republic and Cote d’Ivoire. The GASI is strongly related to the 2012 Human Development Index and Fragile States Index, to a lesser extent, GNI per capita.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
The GULLS project: a comparison of vulnerabilities across selected ocean hotspots and implications for adaptation to global change
- Cochrane, Kevern L, Hobday, Alistair J, Aswani, Shankar, Byfield, Val, Dutra, Leo X, Gasalla, Maria A, Haward, Marcus, Paytan, Adina, Pecl, Gretta T, Popova, Katya, Sainulabdeen, Shyam S, Savage, Candida, Sauer, Warwick H H, van Putten, Ingrid E, Visser, Natascha, TG Team
- Authors: Cochrane, Kevern L , Hobday, Alistair J , Aswani, Shankar , Byfield, Val , Dutra, Leo X , Gasalla, Maria A , Haward, Marcus , Paytan, Adina , Pecl, Gretta T , Popova, Katya , Sainulabdeen, Shyam S , Savage, Candida , Sauer, Warwick H H , van Putten, Ingrid E , Visser, Natascha , TG Team
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/422037 , vital:71906
- Description: The GULLS project, `Global learning for local solutions: Reducing vulnerability of marine-dependent coastal communities' has been underway since October 2014. The project has been investigating six regional `hotspots': marine areas experiencing rapid warming. These are south-east Australia, Brazil, India, Solomon Islands, South Africa, and the Mozambique Channel and Madagascar. Rapid warming could be expected to have social, cultural and economic impacts that could affect these countries in different ways and may already be doing so. GULLS has focused on contributing to assessing and reducing the vulnerability of coastal communities and other stakeholders dependent on marine resources and to facilitate adaptation to climate change and variability through an integrated and trans-disciplinary approach. It includes participants from Australia, Brazil, India, Madagascar, New Zealand, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. The research programme has been divided into six inter-linked components: ocean models, biological and ecological sensitivity analyses, system models, social vulnerability, policy mapping, and communication and education. This presentation will provide a brief overview of each of these components and describe the benefits that have resulted from the collaborative and transdisciplinary approach of GULLS. Following the standard vulnerability elements of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, the vulnerabilities of coastal communities and other stakeholders dependent on marine resources in the five hotspots will be compared using a set of indicators derived and populated from results of the research programme. The implications of similarities and differences between the hotspots for adaptation planning and options will be described.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Cochrane, Kevern L , Hobday, Alistair J , Aswani, Shankar , Byfield, Val , Dutra, Leo X , Gasalla, Maria A , Haward, Marcus , Paytan, Adina , Pecl, Gretta T , Popova, Katya , Sainulabdeen, Shyam S , Savage, Candida , Sauer, Warwick H H , van Putten, Ingrid E , Visser, Natascha , TG Team
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/422037 , vital:71906
- Description: The GULLS project, `Global learning for local solutions: Reducing vulnerability of marine-dependent coastal communities' has been underway since October 2014. The project has been investigating six regional `hotspots': marine areas experiencing rapid warming. These are south-east Australia, Brazil, India, Solomon Islands, South Africa, and the Mozambique Channel and Madagascar. Rapid warming could be expected to have social, cultural and economic impacts that could affect these countries in different ways and may already be doing so. GULLS has focused on contributing to assessing and reducing the vulnerability of coastal communities and other stakeholders dependent on marine resources and to facilitate adaptation to climate change and variability through an integrated and trans-disciplinary approach. It includes participants from Australia, Brazil, India, Madagascar, New Zealand, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. The research programme has been divided into six inter-linked components: ocean models, biological and ecological sensitivity analyses, system models, social vulnerability, policy mapping, and communication and education. This presentation will provide a brief overview of each of these components and describe the benefits that have resulted from the collaborative and transdisciplinary approach of GULLS. Following the standard vulnerability elements of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, the vulnerabilities of coastal communities and other stakeholders dependent on marine resources in the five hotspots will be compared using a set of indicators derived and populated from results of the research programme. The implications of similarities and differences between the hotspots for adaptation planning and options will be described.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016