The effectiveness of risk mangement in local government with reference to the Nelson Mandela Bay Minicipality
- Authors: Sihlali, Siphosihle
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Risk management -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4407 , vital:20596
- Description: In the 1960s, risk management primarily took the form of purchased insurance against force majeure events. Today, many corporate executives are worried about not only these types of events but also many others (Mair and Cendrowski, 2009:3). “People risks” versus environmental risks, financial risks and technical risks are examples of risks that are often overlooked. People risks include, succession planning (this refers to identifying and developing key talent) and competency and skills building (dealing with employees that do not have requisite skills for success), (William & Paul, 2007:4). Massingham (2010:464) mentions that corporate disasters, such as the collapse of Enron, have increased the need for effective corporate governance, while catastrophic natural disasters, man-made tragedies such as the September 11 terrorist attacks and tsunami of 2004, have increased risk awareness as well as its consequences.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Sihlali, Siphosihle
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Risk management -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4407 , vital:20596
- Description: In the 1960s, risk management primarily took the form of purchased insurance against force majeure events. Today, many corporate executives are worried about not only these types of events but also many others (Mair and Cendrowski, 2009:3). “People risks” versus environmental risks, financial risks and technical risks are examples of risks that are often overlooked. People risks include, succession planning (this refers to identifying and developing key talent) and competency and skills building (dealing with employees that do not have requisite skills for success), (William & Paul, 2007:4). Massingham (2010:464) mentions that corporate disasters, such as the collapse of Enron, have increased the need for effective corporate governance, while catastrophic natural disasters, man-made tragedies such as the September 11 terrorist attacks and tsunami of 2004, have increased risk awareness as well as its consequences.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The effects of outsourcing practices conducted by organisations in Nairobi
- Authors: Wachira, Wanjungu
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Contracting out , Industrial management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4988 , vital:20775
- Description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between outsourcing and development in Nairobi. The key research question for this study is what are the impacts of outsourcing practices conducted by organisations in Nairobi? Data were obtained from questionnaires distributed in December 2010. A total of 85 profit-making firms in Nairobi with a sample of 165 management employees were selected for this study. The empirical findings obtained relate to four outsourcing theories. Transaction Cost Analysis (TCA) Theory focuses on the cost savings that result from outsourcing. Agency Outsourcing Theory centres on outsourcing firms hiring agents to achieve productivity. Hiring agents may result in permanent staff being retrenched and additional outsourcing personnel being contracted and job creation and/or job loss results. Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT) emphasises the importance of an outsourcing provider conforming to quality management principles. Resource Based Theory (RBT) proposes that organisations need a collection of resources and capabilities to execute outsourcing successfully. Findings further suggested that outsourcing can yield positive and/or negative outcomes depending on risks encountered, the business environment, company policies, function/s to be outsourced, and the competence and commitment of an outsourcing vendor. To further enhance the positive impact of outsourcing three improvements need to be executed: formulation of standard policies, price regulations, and commitment of outsourcing firms in adhering to set contract deadlines. It is suggested that the following would allow organisations to gain more from outsourcing in the future: the adoption of international/offshore outsourcing practices, more commitment by outsourcing consultants, the standardisation of charges for outsourcing contracts, and the use of new technology that would improve how outsourcing is conducted. It is concluded that the positive impacts of outsourcing would foster development to some extent while the possible negative impact of outsourcing would impede development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Wachira, Wanjungu
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Contracting out , Industrial management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4988 , vital:20775
- Description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between outsourcing and development in Nairobi. The key research question for this study is what are the impacts of outsourcing practices conducted by organisations in Nairobi? Data were obtained from questionnaires distributed in December 2010. A total of 85 profit-making firms in Nairobi with a sample of 165 management employees were selected for this study. The empirical findings obtained relate to four outsourcing theories. Transaction Cost Analysis (TCA) Theory focuses on the cost savings that result from outsourcing. Agency Outsourcing Theory centres on outsourcing firms hiring agents to achieve productivity. Hiring agents may result in permanent staff being retrenched and additional outsourcing personnel being contracted and job creation and/or job loss results. Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT) emphasises the importance of an outsourcing provider conforming to quality management principles. Resource Based Theory (RBT) proposes that organisations need a collection of resources and capabilities to execute outsourcing successfully. Findings further suggested that outsourcing can yield positive and/or negative outcomes depending on risks encountered, the business environment, company policies, function/s to be outsourced, and the competence and commitment of an outsourcing vendor. To further enhance the positive impact of outsourcing three improvements need to be executed: formulation of standard policies, price regulations, and commitment of outsourcing firms in adhering to set contract deadlines. It is suggested that the following would allow organisations to gain more from outsourcing in the future: the adoption of international/offshore outsourcing practices, more commitment by outsourcing consultants, the standardisation of charges for outsourcing contracts, and the use of new technology that would improve how outsourcing is conducted. It is concluded that the positive impacts of outsourcing would foster development to some extent while the possible negative impact of outsourcing would impede development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The exchange rate volatility and inflation rate in South Africa
- Authors: Milisi, Busisiwe
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Foreign exchange rates -- South Africa , Monetary policy -- South Africa , Inflation (Finance) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9151 , vital:26469
- Description: The study examines exchange rate volatility and inflation in South Africa over the period of 1987- 2012 using annual data. With the use of VAR, ADF unit root testing and Johansen for cointegration the study examines the relationship between exchange rate volatility and inflation in South Africa. The study also examines other variables, which are Money Supply, Trade Openness, Real Interest Rate and Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP), if they had an impact on inflation and had contributed significantly to inflation during the period under review. All macroeconomic variables were identified to have an impact on inflation in the long-run. Exchange rate volatility was identified as the main variable that had substantial impact on inflation rate. The study recommended the current system used by the authorities was working well, as they can pursue a countercyclical macro policy, but also continue to manage the float by intervening to stabilize the exchange rate. The reason for this recommendation was that because one of the advantages of floating exchange rate is freeing internal policy, with a floating exchange rate, balance of payments disequilibrium would be rectified by a change in the external price of the currency. However, with a fixed rate, curing a deficit could involve a general deflationary policy resulting in unpleasant consequences for the whole economy such as unemployment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Milisi, Busisiwe
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Foreign exchange rates -- South Africa , Monetary policy -- South Africa , Inflation (Finance) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9151 , vital:26469
- Description: The study examines exchange rate volatility and inflation in South Africa over the period of 1987- 2012 using annual data. With the use of VAR, ADF unit root testing and Johansen for cointegration the study examines the relationship between exchange rate volatility and inflation in South Africa. The study also examines other variables, which are Money Supply, Trade Openness, Real Interest Rate and Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP), if they had an impact on inflation and had contributed significantly to inflation during the period under review. All macroeconomic variables were identified to have an impact on inflation in the long-run. Exchange rate volatility was identified as the main variable that had substantial impact on inflation rate. The study recommended the current system used by the authorities was working well, as they can pursue a countercyclical macro policy, but also continue to manage the float by intervening to stabilize the exchange rate. The reason for this recommendation was that because one of the advantages of floating exchange rate is freeing internal policy, with a floating exchange rate, balance of payments disequilibrium would be rectified by a change in the external price of the currency. However, with a fixed rate, curing a deficit could involve a general deflationary policy resulting in unpleasant consequences for the whole economy such as unemployment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The expanded public works programme and job creation in East London
- Authors: Makhosathini, Swazi Sydney
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: South Africa. Department of Public Works , Job creation -- South Africa -- East London , Public works -- South Africa -- East London
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6444 , vital:21085
- Description: This study seeks to investigate the extent to which the Extended Public Works Programme (EPWP) creates jobs in East London. The researcher‘s interest in the topic was aroused after having noticed that there is cleanliness in Duncan village compared with the past. This cleanliness was as a result of the introduction of EPWP projects, where a number of people, both males and females were employed and job opportunities were created. The esearcher, as a development studies student, appreciates the intervention made by the EPWP in the area, therefore the researcher is interested to investigate the program better in order to determine the extent in which the EPWP creates jobs. The study was conducted in Duncan village, East London, in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM). The area was chosen because it is one of the most densely populated disadvantaged communities with a high rate of unemployment and poverty. The study focuses on 50 currently employed EPWP employees working in the Duncan village area. The researcher adopted a quantitative approach in order to explore and describe the extent in which EPWP projects create jobs in East London, in particular in the Duncan village area. Structured questionnaires are used to collect data from the EPWP employees. The participants‘ responses are collated in an excel spread sheet and analysed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Respondents‘ responses are analysed and discussed in terms of graphs and tables. The findings of this study reveal that there is a lack of skills development programs from projects operating in the area. This is shown by a percentage of 66% from the sampled respondents who indicate that they have acquired no skills since the inception of the project. The findings of the study also reveal that job opportunities are generated but are not adequate considering the population in the area. Income received is not enough for basic needs satisfaction as the largest percentage (82%) of them are still staying in shack dwellings and earning an income of less than R1000 per month. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the Public Works department in collaboration with all major stakeholders have to plan and organise workshops and training sessions for all EPWP employees together with their supervisors. The objective of the workshops will be to inform all employees about how the project works as well as its main objectives. This will enable employees to decide well in advance whether to take an offer or not. This will also minimise grievances from employees. Furthermore, there should be sound and effective programs in each EPWP project that address skills development. Outsourcing the skills development program could have positive consequences and employees should be motivated through certificates awarded after the project completion. There is also a need for learnership programmes as indicated by the findings because of the low levels of education and skills.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Makhosathini, Swazi Sydney
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: South Africa. Department of Public Works , Job creation -- South Africa -- East London , Public works -- South Africa -- East London
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6444 , vital:21085
- Description: This study seeks to investigate the extent to which the Extended Public Works Programme (EPWP) creates jobs in East London. The researcher‘s interest in the topic was aroused after having noticed that there is cleanliness in Duncan village compared with the past. This cleanliness was as a result of the introduction of EPWP projects, where a number of people, both males and females were employed and job opportunities were created. The esearcher, as a development studies student, appreciates the intervention made by the EPWP in the area, therefore the researcher is interested to investigate the program better in order to determine the extent in which the EPWP creates jobs. The study was conducted in Duncan village, East London, in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM). The area was chosen because it is one of the most densely populated disadvantaged communities with a high rate of unemployment and poverty. The study focuses on 50 currently employed EPWP employees working in the Duncan village area. The researcher adopted a quantitative approach in order to explore and describe the extent in which EPWP projects create jobs in East London, in particular in the Duncan village area. Structured questionnaires are used to collect data from the EPWP employees. The participants‘ responses are collated in an excel spread sheet and analysed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Respondents‘ responses are analysed and discussed in terms of graphs and tables. The findings of this study reveal that there is a lack of skills development programs from projects operating in the area. This is shown by a percentage of 66% from the sampled respondents who indicate that they have acquired no skills since the inception of the project. The findings of the study also reveal that job opportunities are generated but are not adequate considering the population in the area. Income received is not enough for basic needs satisfaction as the largest percentage (82%) of them are still staying in shack dwellings and earning an income of less than R1000 per month. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the Public Works department in collaboration with all major stakeholders have to plan and organise workshops and training sessions for all EPWP employees together with their supervisors. The objective of the workshops will be to inform all employees about how the project works as well as its main objectives. This will enable employees to decide well in advance whether to take an offer or not. This will also minimise grievances from employees. Furthermore, there should be sound and effective programs in each EPWP project that address skills development. Outsourcing the skills development program could have positive consequences and employees should be motivated through certificates awarded after the project completion. There is also a need for learnership programmes as indicated by the findings because of the low levels of education and skills.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The expanded public works programme as a poverty alleviation strategy in Tshwane
- Authors: Matiso, Namhla
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: South Africa. Expanded Public Works Programme , Public works -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6896 , vital:21158
- Description: In the context of South African poverty and unemployment, the government implemented various poverty alleviation programmes with the aim of lifting the poorest people out of their worst situation. This research evaluated the EPWP infrastructure sector in Tshwane in trying to understand its effectiveness, sustainability and relevance as a poverty alleviation tool. The study applied a quantitative approach with interspersed with that of qualitative research for statistical information as well as in-depth insight from experts in the field. Data collection was done through document analysis of reports, published papers and structured interviews with experts within the EPWP. The findings revealed that the EPWP is managing to partially meet its objectives; however, it has also shown that the question of its sustainability is still a concern as it only serves limited long term needs. It has shown that its policies replicate that of international practices; however, the implementation part is still a challenge that needs to be addressed. The recommendations were also made to contribute towards the improvement of the infrastructure.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Matiso, Namhla
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: South Africa. Expanded Public Works Programme , Public works -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6896 , vital:21158
- Description: In the context of South African poverty and unemployment, the government implemented various poverty alleviation programmes with the aim of lifting the poorest people out of their worst situation. This research evaluated the EPWP infrastructure sector in Tshwane in trying to understand its effectiveness, sustainability and relevance as a poverty alleviation tool. The study applied a quantitative approach with interspersed with that of qualitative research for statistical information as well as in-depth insight from experts in the field. Data collection was done through document analysis of reports, published papers and structured interviews with experts within the EPWP. The findings revealed that the EPWP is managing to partially meet its objectives; however, it has also shown that the question of its sustainability is still a concern as it only serves limited long term needs. It has shown that its policies replicate that of international practices; however, the implementation part is still a challenge that needs to be addressed. The recommendations were also made to contribute towards the improvement of the infrastructure.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The financed inked individual subsidy programme for housing: the Walmer link example
- Authors: Pupa, Ayanda Terence
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Housing subsidies -- South Africa , Housing -- Finance -- Government policy -- South Africa , Low-income housing -- Developing countries
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4620 , vital:20622
- Description: The study of the Walmer Links Finance Linked Individual Subsidy (FLISP) is the response to the housing backlogs that have been experienced by the Port Elizabeth area. The ownership programme is the first of its kind in the area and has been met with scepticism, revolt and acceptance as the neighbouring township of Walmer and the nearby suburbs had mixed feelings about the project. The overall feeling and experience of the new FLISP owners far exceeds the scepticism around the project. The project also brought racial integration and improved the quality of life for the poor. It also seems as though the success of the project will be the determinant factor of whether it can rolled out to other provinces as an approach to development and poverty alleviation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Pupa, Ayanda Terence
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Housing subsidies -- South Africa , Housing -- Finance -- Government policy -- South Africa , Low-income housing -- Developing countries
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4620 , vital:20622
- Description: The study of the Walmer Links Finance Linked Individual Subsidy (FLISP) is the response to the housing backlogs that have been experienced by the Port Elizabeth area. The ownership programme is the first of its kind in the area and has been met with scepticism, revolt and acceptance as the neighbouring township of Walmer and the nearby suburbs had mixed feelings about the project. The overall feeling and experience of the new FLISP owners far exceeds the scepticism around the project. The project also brought racial integration and improved the quality of life for the poor. It also seems as though the success of the project will be the determinant factor of whether it can rolled out to other provinces as an approach to development and poverty alleviation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The impact of decentralisation on participatory development in the Nsanje district of Malawi
- Simwaka, Rodin Rams Kapelele Atughanire
- Authors: Simwaka, Rodin Rams Kapelele Atughanire
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Community development -- Malawi , Decentralization in government -- Malawi
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9255 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021206
- Description: This research investigated the impact of decentralisation on participatory development in the Nsanje District of Malawi from 2009 to 2014. Existing challenges in realising effective participation were identified by acquiring information from documents at three spheres of government, namely local, district and national. The literature explains decentralisation and local government; the theories of state-local relations; the nature, types and determinants of participation; the legislative framework of local government; and decentralisation reforms being implemented in Malawi. A descriptive approach was used in the study, with the emphasis on collecting data from primary sources such as minutes, reports, newspapers, and secondary sources such as the District Council and local government department records, books, academic journals, completed and unpublished post-graduate research theses, and legislation. From the acquired information, a number of recommendations are made to deal with various challenges faced to achieve effective participatory development in the District.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Simwaka, Rodin Rams Kapelele Atughanire
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Community development -- Malawi , Decentralization in government -- Malawi
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9255 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021206
- Description: This research investigated the impact of decentralisation on participatory development in the Nsanje District of Malawi from 2009 to 2014. Existing challenges in realising effective participation were identified by acquiring information from documents at three spheres of government, namely local, district and national. The literature explains decentralisation and local government; the theories of state-local relations; the nature, types and determinants of participation; the legislative framework of local government; and decentralisation reforms being implemented in Malawi. A descriptive approach was used in the study, with the emphasis on collecting data from primary sources such as minutes, reports, newspapers, and secondary sources such as the District Council and local government department records, books, academic journals, completed and unpublished post-graduate research theses, and legislation. From the acquired information, a number of recommendations are made to deal with various challenges faced to achieve effective participatory development in the District.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The impact of domain knowledge-driven variable derivation on classifier performance for corporate data mining
- Authors: Welcker, Laura Joana Maria
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Data mining , Business -- Data processing , Database management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5009 , vital:20778
- Description: The technological progress in terms of increasing computational power and growing virtual space to collect data offers great potential for businesses to benefit from data mining applications. Data mining can create a competitive advantage for corporations by discovering business relevant information, such as patterns, relationships, and rules. The role of the human user within the data mining process is crucial, which is why the research area of domain knowledge becomes increasingly important. This thesis investigates the impact of domain knowledge-driven variable derivation on classifier performance for corporate data mining. Domain knowledge is defined as methodological, data and business know-how. The thesis investigates the topic from a new perspective by shifting the focus from a one-sided approach, namely a purely analytic or purely theoretical approach towards a target group-oriented (researcher and practitioner) approach which puts the methodological aspect by means of a scientific guideline in the centre of the research. In order to ensure feasibility and practical relevance of the guideline, it is adapted and applied to the requirements of a practical business case. Thus, the thesis examines the topic from both perspectives, a theoretical and practical perspective. Therewith, it overcomes the limitation of a one-sided approach which mostly lacks practical relevance or generalisability of the results. The primary objective of this thesis is to provide a scientific guideline which should enable both practitioners and researchers to move forward the domain knowledge-driven research for variable derivation on a corporate basis. In the theoretical part, a broad overview of the main aspects which are necessary to undertake the research are given, such as the concept of domain knowledge, the data mining task of classification, variable derivation as a subtask of data preparation, and evaluation techniques. This part of the thesis refers to the methodological aspect of domain knowledge. In the practical part, a research design is developed for testing six hypotheses related to domain knowledge-driven variable derivation. The major contribution of the empirical study is concerned with testing the impact of domain knowledge on a real business data set compared to the impact of a standard and randomly derived data set. The business application of the research is a binary classification problem in the domain of an insurance business, which deals with the prediction of damages in legal expenses insurances. Domain knowledge is expressed through deriving the corporate variables by means of the business and data-driven constructive induction strategy. Six variable derivation steps are investigated: normalisation, instance relation, discretisation, categorical encoding, ratio, and multivariate mathematical function. The impact of the domain knowledge is examined by pairwise (with and without derived variables) performance comparisons for five classification techniques (decision trees, naive Bayes, logistic regression, artificial neural networks, k-nearest neighbours). The impact is measured by two classifier performance criteria: sensitivity and area under the ROC-curve (AUC). The McNemar significance test is used to verify the results. Based on the results, two hypotheses are clearly verified and accepted, three hypotheses are partly verified, and one hypothesis had to be rejected on the basis of the case study results. The thesis reveals a significant positive impact of domain knowledge-driven variable derivation on classifier performance for options of all six tested steps. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the classification technique influences the impact of the variable derivation steps, and the bundling of steps has a significant higher performance impact if the variables are derived by using domain knowledge (compared to a non-knowledge application). Finally, the research turns out that an empirical examination of the domain knowledge impact is very complex due to a high level of interaction between the selected research parameters (variable derivation step, classification technique, and performance criteria).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Welcker, Laura Joana Maria
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Data mining , Business -- Data processing , Database management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5009 , vital:20778
- Description: The technological progress in terms of increasing computational power and growing virtual space to collect data offers great potential for businesses to benefit from data mining applications. Data mining can create a competitive advantage for corporations by discovering business relevant information, such as patterns, relationships, and rules. The role of the human user within the data mining process is crucial, which is why the research area of domain knowledge becomes increasingly important. This thesis investigates the impact of domain knowledge-driven variable derivation on classifier performance for corporate data mining. Domain knowledge is defined as methodological, data and business know-how. The thesis investigates the topic from a new perspective by shifting the focus from a one-sided approach, namely a purely analytic or purely theoretical approach towards a target group-oriented (researcher and practitioner) approach which puts the methodological aspect by means of a scientific guideline in the centre of the research. In order to ensure feasibility and practical relevance of the guideline, it is adapted and applied to the requirements of a practical business case. Thus, the thesis examines the topic from both perspectives, a theoretical and practical perspective. Therewith, it overcomes the limitation of a one-sided approach which mostly lacks practical relevance or generalisability of the results. The primary objective of this thesis is to provide a scientific guideline which should enable both practitioners and researchers to move forward the domain knowledge-driven research for variable derivation on a corporate basis. In the theoretical part, a broad overview of the main aspects which are necessary to undertake the research are given, such as the concept of domain knowledge, the data mining task of classification, variable derivation as a subtask of data preparation, and evaluation techniques. This part of the thesis refers to the methodological aspect of domain knowledge. In the practical part, a research design is developed for testing six hypotheses related to domain knowledge-driven variable derivation. The major contribution of the empirical study is concerned with testing the impact of domain knowledge on a real business data set compared to the impact of a standard and randomly derived data set. The business application of the research is a binary classification problem in the domain of an insurance business, which deals with the prediction of damages in legal expenses insurances. Domain knowledge is expressed through deriving the corporate variables by means of the business and data-driven constructive induction strategy. Six variable derivation steps are investigated: normalisation, instance relation, discretisation, categorical encoding, ratio, and multivariate mathematical function. The impact of the domain knowledge is examined by pairwise (with and without derived variables) performance comparisons for five classification techniques (decision trees, naive Bayes, logistic regression, artificial neural networks, k-nearest neighbours). The impact is measured by two classifier performance criteria: sensitivity and area under the ROC-curve (AUC). The McNemar significance test is used to verify the results. Based on the results, two hypotheses are clearly verified and accepted, three hypotheses are partly verified, and one hypothesis had to be rejected on the basis of the case study results. The thesis reveals a significant positive impact of domain knowledge-driven variable derivation on classifier performance for options of all six tested steps. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the classification technique influences the impact of the variable derivation steps, and the bundling of steps has a significant higher performance impact if the variables are derived by using domain knowledge (compared to a non-knowledge application). Finally, the research turns out that an empirical examination of the domain knowledge impact is very complex due to a high level of interaction between the selected research parameters (variable derivation step, classification technique, and performance criteria).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The impact of monetary policy on economic growth in Uganda
- Authors: Tumwebaze, Vivian Jane
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Monetary policy -- Uganda , Economic development -- Uganda
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5836 , vital:21004
- Description: This study sought to empirically investigate the impact of monetary policy on the economic growth in Uganda during the period 1985-2013. The variables analysed were real gross domestic product, real interest rates, real effective exchange rates and inflation. The empirical analysis used a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model as well as other techniques in order to obtain meaningful results. Using the Johansen technique, the empirical findings revealed that all the variables share a long run relationship. Further, real interest rates, real effective exchange rates and inflation have a negative effect on economic growth in the long run. The results further revealed that in a ten-year period, the variations in real GDP can be explained by its own innovations followed by real interest rates but real effective exchange rates and inflation however have minimal effects on real GDP. The findings of the impulse response test reiterated the VECM results showing that real interest rates and real effective exchange rate have a negative impact on economic growth in the first three years and the effect dies out after the fifth year. On the other hand, inflation rate has a marginal positive effect on economic growth in the first three years after which the effect becomes negative and wanes off after the sixth year. Uganda uses an Inflation Targeting Lite monetary framework that is based mainly on the use of interest rates to curb inflation. However, this study revealed that the use of interest rates as a policy tool to combat inflation results in a negative bearing on growth. It is on these grounds that this dissertation recommends a gradual policy shift from exclusive use of inflation targeting. Policy makers should thus consider using exchange rate targeting. Mishkin (2013) states that having a credible exchange rate target helps a country to anchor inflation to the expectations of the inflation rate in the economy because it ties the inflation rate of internationally traded goods to those of the country. This would be beneficial to Uganda which is a land locked country that relies heavily on imported products especially petroleum products and fuel whose prices fluctuate from time to time. In addition, exchange rate targeting is effective in reducing inflation quickly especially in emerging economies like Uganda. However, policy makers should be mindful that using exchange rate targeting can make a country prone to speculative attacks on their currencies which could devalue a country’s currency thus leading to a decline in economic growth. It is prudent therefore to apply these policies with a degree of caution.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Tumwebaze, Vivian Jane
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Monetary policy -- Uganda , Economic development -- Uganda
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5836 , vital:21004
- Description: This study sought to empirically investigate the impact of monetary policy on the economic growth in Uganda during the period 1985-2013. The variables analysed were real gross domestic product, real interest rates, real effective exchange rates and inflation. The empirical analysis used a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model as well as other techniques in order to obtain meaningful results. Using the Johansen technique, the empirical findings revealed that all the variables share a long run relationship. Further, real interest rates, real effective exchange rates and inflation have a negative effect on economic growth in the long run. The results further revealed that in a ten-year period, the variations in real GDP can be explained by its own innovations followed by real interest rates but real effective exchange rates and inflation however have minimal effects on real GDP. The findings of the impulse response test reiterated the VECM results showing that real interest rates and real effective exchange rate have a negative impact on economic growth in the first three years and the effect dies out after the fifth year. On the other hand, inflation rate has a marginal positive effect on economic growth in the first three years after which the effect becomes negative and wanes off after the sixth year. Uganda uses an Inflation Targeting Lite monetary framework that is based mainly on the use of interest rates to curb inflation. However, this study revealed that the use of interest rates as a policy tool to combat inflation results in a negative bearing on growth. It is on these grounds that this dissertation recommends a gradual policy shift from exclusive use of inflation targeting. Policy makers should thus consider using exchange rate targeting. Mishkin (2013) states that having a credible exchange rate target helps a country to anchor inflation to the expectations of the inflation rate in the economy because it ties the inflation rate of internationally traded goods to those of the country. This would be beneficial to Uganda which is a land locked country that relies heavily on imported products especially petroleum products and fuel whose prices fluctuate from time to time. In addition, exchange rate targeting is effective in reducing inflation quickly especially in emerging economies like Uganda. However, policy makers should be mindful that using exchange rate targeting can make a country prone to speculative attacks on their currencies which could devalue a country’s currency thus leading to a decline in economic growth. It is prudent therefore to apply these policies with a degree of caution.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The impact of the tasting room experience at the Nederburg wine estate on repurchase intentions
- Authors: Jantjies, Heinrich
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Wine industry -- South Africa , Wine tasting , Wineries -- Environmental aspects -- South Africa , Wine and wine making -- Environmental aspects -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3968 , vital:20496
- Description: There are thousands of different wine brands available and wineries have to build a relationship with their customers, a relationship that will create a long-lasting experience. The relationship starts with the first interaction they have with the winery (Alonso et al 2008:978). Visitors to the tasting room create the opportunity to build long-term relationships (O’Neill & Charters 2000:113; Nowak & Newton 2006:157), build and develop brand loyalty (Dodd & Gustafson 1997:43), increase wine sales (Gilinsky et al 2003:18), and improve cash flow (Jago & Issaverdis 2001:18). The subject of repurchasing intentions in the wine industry has attracted the attention of numerous researchers; in particular, the connection between winery visits, brand loyalty and post-visit consumer behaviour (Nella & Christou 2010:2). Nederburg is one of the most prestigious South African wine estates, with a deep-rooted history in South Africa as one of the biggest wine brands. It is 100% owned by wine and spirits giant Distell and presents an ideal case for investigating the influence of the relationship between quality, customer satisfaction and price on repurchasing intentions in the South African wine industry. The purpose of this research was to determine whether the tasting room experience, in combination with a quality product, good pricing and customer-focused operations, leads to higher customer satisfaction and repurchase intentions. The present study indicates that the South African wine industry faces many challenges but it also highlights the various opportunities there are for wine estates to not only increase their sales but also to build long-lasting relationships with consumers. The study concludes with recommendations to the South African wine industry on how to improve their tasting room environment so that they can benefit from the relationship between wine quality, wine price, customer satisfaction and repurchasing intentions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Jantjies, Heinrich
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Wine industry -- South Africa , Wine tasting , Wineries -- Environmental aspects -- South Africa , Wine and wine making -- Environmental aspects -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3968 , vital:20496
- Description: There are thousands of different wine brands available and wineries have to build a relationship with their customers, a relationship that will create a long-lasting experience. The relationship starts with the first interaction they have with the winery (Alonso et al 2008:978). Visitors to the tasting room create the opportunity to build long-term relationships (O’Neill & Charters 2000:113; Nowak & Newton 2006:157), build and develop brand loyalty (Dodd & Gustafson 1997:43), increase wine sales (Gilinsky et al 2003:18), and improve cash flow (Jago & Issaverdis 2001:18). The subject of repurchasing intentions in the wine industry has attracted the attention of numerous researchers; in particular, the connection between winery visits, brand loyalty and post-visit consumer behaviour (Nella & Christou 2010:2). Nederburg is one of the most prestigious South African wine estates, with a deep-rooted history in South Africa as one of the biggest wine brands. It is 100% owned by wine and spirits giant Distell and presents an ideal case for investigating the influence of the relationship between quality, customer satisfaction and price on repurchasing intentions in the South African wine industry. The purpose of this research was to determine whether the tasting room experience, in combination with a quality product, good pricing and customer-focused operations, leads to higher customer satisfaction and repurchase intentions. The present study indicates that the South African wine industry faces many challenges but it also highlights the various opportunities there are for wine estates to not only increase their sales but also to build long-lasting relationships with consumers. The study concludes with recommendations to the South African wine industry on how to improve their tasting room environment so that they can benefit from the relationship between wine quality, wine price, customer satisfaction and repurchasing intentions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The impact of unemployment on grade R learners in Stephen Mazungula primary school in the Nelson Mandela Metropole
- Authors: Mbengashe, Nosipho Theodora
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Children with social disabilities -- Education Poverty
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12560 , vital:27094
- Description: The biggest problems facing South Africa is high rate of poverty. There are many reasons behind the high levels of poverty, and one of them is unemployment rate. Poverty is felt by particular groups, especially pro poor. Researchers brought to our attention that there is a link between poverty, children health and their school performance. According to the Millennium development goals, eradication of poverty, achieve primary education, empower women, and reduce mortality rate link together. For these goals to be achieved, full responsibility of women as life carriers should be taken into consideration as role players in upbringing children lives. Women health should be catered for better health as they are linked to the unborn and also born babies. In order to learn effectively and successfully one must be in good health. Children raised in poverty are subject to health problems, and at times suffer grave consequences because of some nutrients deficit in their bodies. The descriptive study investigated the impact of unemployment on Grade R learners in Stephen Mazungula Primary School in Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole. To understand the problems faced by learners and make recommendations. The study made use of sources like documents, government laws and policies, books, journals, newspaper articles and internet to promote the best interest of a child.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Mbengashe, Nosipho Theodora
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Children with social disabilities -- Education Poverty
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12560 , vital:27094
- Description: The biggest problems facing South Africa is high rate of poverty. There are many reasons behind the high levels of poverty, and one of them is unemployment rate. Poverty is felt by particular groups, especially pro poor. Researchers brought to our attention that there is a link between poverty, children health and their school performance. According to the Millennium development goals, eradication of poverty, achieve primary education, empower women, and reduce mortality rate link together. For these goals to be achieved, full responsibility of women as life carriers should be taken into consideration as role players in upbringing children lives. Women health should be catered for better health as they are linked to the unborn and also born babies. In order to learn effectively and successfully one must be in good health. Children raised in poverty are subject to health problems, and at times suffer grave consequences because of some nutrients deficit in their bodies. The descriptive study investigated the impact of unemployment on Grade R learners in Stephen Mazungula Primary School in Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole. To understand the problems faced by learners and make recommendations. The study made use of sources like documents, government laws and policies, books, journals, newspaper articles and internet to promote the best interest of a child.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The influence of contemporary leadership styles on the job satisfaction and organisational commitment of SME employees
- Authors: Kupangwa, Welcome
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Leadership , Job satisfaction , Organizational commitment , Business enterprises -- Employees
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:9013 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018508
- Description: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have the potential to enhance economic growth and innovation, create jobs, assist large businesses in the distribution of goods and services, and stimulate competition in the economy. However, SMEs face several challenges that influence their longevity, growth, and success. Poor leadership has been highlighted as influencing the job satisfaction and organisational commitment levels of employees, ultimately contributing to employee turnover and SME failure. This study mentions the dishonest, selfish and corrupt nature of modern leadership and identifies a gap in the literature regarding the practice of leadership, especially among South African SMEs. Against this background, the primary objective of this study was to assess the levels of several contemporary leadership styles displayed by SME owners, namely Servant, Authentic, Ethical and Participative leadership, and to investigate their influence on the Job satisfaction and Organisational commitment levels of employees working in SMEs in the Eastern Cape. A quantitative research paradigm was adopted and a sample was drawn from employees working in SMEs in the Eastern Cape Province. The selection of the sample was done using judgement and convenience sampling. A cross-sectional survey using a structured questionnaire was undertaken, and a total of 236 usable questionnaires were returned on which to undertake the statistical analysis. In order to assess the validity of the dependent variables, namely Job satisfaction and Organisational commitment, tests for uni-dimensionality (using factor analysis) were undertaken. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was undertaken on the independent variables and four factors were extracted, which corresponded with the theoretical dimensions of Relational leadership, Participative leadership, Servant leadership and Ethical leadership. The items intended to measure Authentic leadership did not load as expected, but a factor named Relational leadership emerged as a result of several items measuring Ethical and Servant leadership loading together. All the independent and dependent variables returned Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of greater than 0.7. As such, sufficient evidence of validity and reliability for the scales measuring the dependent and the independent variables was provided. The data collected was also subjected to several statistical analyses. These included descriptive statistics, Pearson’s product moment correlations, multiple regression analyses, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The majority of respondents agreed that they experienced Job satisfaction in the SMEs in which they were employed and that they were committed to these businesses. Relational leadership returned the highest mean score while the lowest score was returned for Participative leadership. The majority of respondents also agreed that the SME owners for whom they worked displayed the leadership styles under investigation. All the independent variables were significantly and positively correlated with the dependent variables, Job satisfaction and Organisational commitment. In addition, significant positive correlations were reported between all the independent variables. The multiple regression analyses revealed that three of the four leadership styles investigated in this study had a significant positive influence on both the Job satisfaction and Organisational commitment levels of employees working in the SMEs. These leadership styles were Servant, Relational, and Ethical leadership. In addition, the results of this study showed that Job satisfaction mediates the relationship between Servant, Relational and Ethical leadership, and the Organisational commitment displayed by employees working in SMEs, but does not mediate the relationship between Participative leadership and Organisational commitment. The findings also showed that the demographic variables investigated in this study had no influence on how SME employees perceived the Servant and Relational leadership behaviours of SME owners. However, the results showed that female respondents perceived SME owners as displaying a Participative leadership style more so than male employees did. The findings also revealed that employees with a post-matric qualification perceived that SME owners displayed higher levels of Participative leadership than those without a post-matric qualification. In addition, the ANOVA revealed that White respondents perceived that SME owners exhibited more ethical behaviours than Black respondents did. Given the findings of this study, several recommendations were put forward to enhance the levels of Servant, Relational and Ethical leadership among SME owners, and to ultimately enhance the levels of Job satisfaction and Organisational commitment experienced by their employees. As such SME owners were provided with practical recommendations on how to attract and retain employees by adopting appropriate leadership behaviours. Employees play a vital role in achieving the goals and vision of a business. Satisfied and committed employees put more effort into ensuring the goals and vision of the business are achieved, contributing to business success and ultimately the economy as a whole.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Kupangwa, Welcome
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Leadership , Job satisfaction , Organizational commitment , Business enterprises -- Employees
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:9013 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018508
- Description: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have the potential to enhance economic growth and innovation, create jobs, assist large businesses in the distribution of goods and services, and stimulate competition in the economy. However, SMEs face several challenges that influence their longevity, growth, and success. Poor leadership has been highlighted as influencing the job satisfaction and organisational commitment levels of employees, ultimately contributing to employee turnover and SME failure. This study mentions the dishonest, selfish and corrupt nature of modern leadership and identifies a gap in the literature regarding the practice of leadership, especially among South African SMEs. Against this background, the primary objective of this study was to assess the levels of several contemporary leadership styles displayed by SME owners, namely Servant, Authentic, Ethical and Participative leadership, and to investigate their influence on the Job satisfaction and Organisational commitment levels of employees working in SMEs in the Eastern Cape. A quantitative research paradigm was adopted and a sample was drawn from employees working in SMEs in the Eastern Cape Province. The selection of the sample was done using judgement and convenience sampling. A cross-sectional survey using a structured questionnaire was undertaken, and a total of 236 usable questionnaires were returned on which to undertake the statistical analysis. In order to assess the validity of the dependent variables, namely Job satisfaction and Organisational commitment, tests for uni-dimensionality (using factor analysis) were undertaken. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was undertaken on the independent variables and four factors were extracted, which corresponded with the theoretical dimensions of Relational leadership, Participative leadership, Servant leadership and Ethical leadership. The items intended to measure Authentic leadership did not load as expected, but a factor named Relational leadership emerged as a result of several items measuring Ethical and Servant leadership loading together. All the independent and dependent variables returned Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of greater than 0.7. As such, sufficient evidence of validity and reliability for the scales measuring the dependent and the independent variables was provided. The data collected was also subjected to several statistical analyses. These included descriptive statistics, Pearson’s product moment correlations, multiple regression analyses, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The majority of respondents agreed that they experienced Job satisfaction in the SMEs in which they were employed and that they were committed to these businesses. Relational leadership returned the highest mean score while the lowest score was returned for Participative leadership. The majority of respondents also agreed that the SME owners for whom they worked displayed the leadership styles under investigation. All the independent variables were significantly and positively correlated with the dependent variables, Job satisfaction and Organisational commitment. In addition, significant positive correlations were reported between all the independent variables. The multiple regression analyses revealed that three of the four leadership styles investigated in this study had a significant positive influence on both the Job satisfaction and Organisational commitment levels of employees working in the SMEs. These leadership styles were Servant, Relational, and Ethical leadership. In addition, the results of this study showed that Job satisfaction mediates the relationship between Servant, Relational and Ethical leadership, and the Organisational commitment displayed by employees working in SMEs, but does not mediate the relationship between Participative leadership and Organisational commitment. The findings also showed that the demographic variables investigated in this study had no influence on how SME employees perceived the Servant and Relational leadership behaviours of SME owners. However, the results showed that female respondents perceived SME owners as displaying a Participative leadership style more so than male employees did. The findings also revealed that employees with a post-matric qualification perceived that SME owners displayed higher levels of Participative leadership than those without a post-matric qualification. In addition, the ANOVA revealed that White respondents perceived that SME owners exhibited more ethical behaviours than Black respondents did. Given the findings of this study, several recommendations were put forward to enhance the levels of Servant, Relational and Ethical leadership among SME owners, and to ultimately enhance the levels of Job satisfaction and Organisational commitment experienced by their employees. As such SME owners were provided with practical recommendations on how to attract and retain employees by adopting appropriate leadership behaviours. Employees play a vital role in achieving the goals and vision of a business. Satisfied and committed employees put more effort into ensuring the goals and vision of the business are achieved, contributing to business success and ultimately the economy as a whole.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The influence of financial market development on economic growth in Brics countries
- Authors: Ruzive, Tafadzwa Mutsvedu
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Financial services industry -- Marketing , Economic development -- BRIC countries
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6594 , vital:21123
- Description: The debate about the influence of financial market development on economic growth has been ongoing for more than a century. Since Schumpeter (1912) wrote about the happenings on Lombard Street, right up to the economists of today, there is growing interest into how financial market development affects economic activity and hence economic growth. With economic growth gaining prominence in respect of development discourse, inquiry into the finance-growth nexus has grown rapidly. The latest advances of the finance-growth nexus show a positive relationship between financial market development and economic growth. In this regard, little research has been done globally pertaining to most recent economic developments, especially concerning the BRICS economies. This research investigates the influence of financial market development on emerging economies, BRICS and non-BRICS and to determine whether the openness of financial markets in BRICS economies contributed to higher growth trajectories compared to their non-BRICS counterparts. The research utilises the Generalised Method of Moments and an extended endogenous growth model to estimate the influence of a set of financial market indicators. The study found that higher levels of credit to the private sector and financial depth in the BRICS economies contributed to the higher levels of economic growth experienced in the BRICS compared to non-BRICs emerging economies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Ruzive, Tafadzwa Mutsvedu
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Financial services industry -- Marketing , Economic development -- BRIC countries
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6594 , vital:21123
- Description: The debate about the influence of financial market development on economic growth has been ongoing for more than a century. Since Schumpeter (1912) wrote about the happenings on Lombard Street, right up to the economists of today, there is growing interest into how financial market development affects economic activity and hence economic growth. With economic growth gaining prominence in respect of development discourse, inquiry into the finance-growth nexus has grown rapidly. The latest advances of the finance-growth nexus show a positive relationship between financial market development and economic growth. In this regard, little research has been done globally pertaining to most recent economic developments, especially concerning the BRICS economies. This research investigates the influence of financial market development on emerging economies, BRICS and non-BRICS and to determine whether the openness of financial markets in BRICS economies contributed to higher growth trajectories compared to their non-BRICS counterparts. The research utilises the Generalised Method of Moments and an extended endogenous growth model to estimate the influence of a set of financial market indicators. The study found that higher levels of credit to the private sector and financial depth in the BRICS economies contributed to the higher levels of economic growth experienced in the BRICS compared to non-BRICs emerging economies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The influence of online travel agent performance on customer satisfaction levels at a selected hotel
- Authors: Le Roux, Ignus
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Consumer satisfaction , Travel agents , Tourism -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3105 , vital:20399
- Description: Tourism is an international industry; constant evolution is taking place in the marketing of tourism products and the expectation levels of hotel guests. Online Travel Agents have become more dominant in recent years. This dominance has been assisted by travellers’ more frequent use of the internet to search for information, by the bundling of heterogeneous products and by these agents’ use of the social media. Guest satisfaction levels and expectations are impacted by changes in lifestyle, reasons for travel and the information accessed prior to making their reservations. The basis of this study was establishing the impact of the information supplied by Online Travel Agents on guest satisfaction levels at The Monarch Hotel. The evolution and function of the tourism distribution channel and the factors affecting guest satisfaction and its measurement were explored.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The influence of online travel agent performance on customer satisfaction levels at a selected hotel
- Authors: Le Roux, Ignus
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Consumer satisfaction , Travel agents , Tourism -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3105 , vital:20399
- Description: Tourism is an international industry; constant evolution is taking place in the marketing of tourism products and the expectation levels of hotel guests. Online Travel Agents have become more dominant in recent years. This dominance has been assisted by travellers’ more frequent use of the internet to search for information, by the bundling of heterogeneous products and by these agents’ use of the social media. Guest satisfaction levels and expectations are impacted by changes in lifestyle, reasons for travel and the information accessed prior to making their reservations. The basis of this study was establishing the impact of the information supplied by Online Travel Agents on guest satisfaction levels at The Monarch Hotel. The evolution and function of the tourism distribution channel and the factors affecting guest satisfaction and its measurement were explored.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The influence of people-centred leadership styles on owners's job satisfation and perceived financial performance : an SME perspective
- Authors: Silwana, Hlumela Zukiswa
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Leadership , Job satisfaction , Business enterprises
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:9307 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018511
- Description: It is well supported in the literature that a positive relationship exists between effective leadership and business success. Given the importance of SMEs in South Africa, their large numbers, and the extent to which they positively influence the economy of the country, it is important to study leadership behaviour in the context of small and medium-sized businesses in an attempt to reduce their high failure rates. More specifically a need has been identified to research, develop, and implement more ethical and relational leadership styles among business owners. The focus of this study is therefore on several people-centred leadership styles, and their influence on selected outcomes among the owners of small and medium-sized businesses. Against this background, the primary objective is to assess the level of Servant, Authentic, Ethical and Participative leadership exhibited by SME owners in the Eastern Cape, and to establish whether exhibiting these people-centred leadership styles influences their Job satisfaction and the Perceived financial performance of their businesses. A quantitative research paradigm was adopted for this study. More specifically, an explanatory and descriptive study of a cross-sectional nature was undertaken. A comprehensive literature study was conducted using existing secondary sources. The primary data collection procedures involved selecting the population, the sample, and the sampling method, as well as the sample size for the study. For the purpose of this study, the population consisted of all small and medium-sized business owners operating businesses within the boundaries of the Eastern Cape Province. A sample of 500 of these businesses was selected by means of convenience sampling. In total 246 usable questionnaires were returned, on which to undertake the statistical analyses. A survey was undertaken, and a structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to gather the necessary data. The scales for measuring the constructs under investigation were developed based on previous research. To assess the validity of the scales measuring the constructs in this study, an exploratory factor analysis was undertaken, and its reliability was tested by calculating Cronbach’s alpha coefficients. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Pearson’s product moment correlation, regression analyses (simple and multiple) and analyses of variance. Five usable factors were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis; these corresponded with the theoretical dimensions of Participative leadership, Perceived financial performance, Ethical leadership, Servant leadership, and Job satisfaction. The items measuring Authentic leadership did not load as expected, and this construct was thus no longer included in empirical testing in this study. Satisfactory evidence of validity and reliability were provided for the other factors extracted. The independent variables reported mean scores of between 3.760 and 4.548, with the majority of respondents agreeing with the statements measuring these leadership styles. The dependent variables Job satisfaction and Perceived financial performance returned mean scores of 4.508 and 3.962 respectively, with the majority of the respondents agreeing with the statements measuring these factors. All the independent variables (Servant leadership, Ethical leadership and Participative leadership) reported significant and positive relationships with each another. The correlation between the dependent variables (Perceived financial performance and Job satisfaction) was found to reflect a moderate positive association. Job satisfaction and Perceived financial performance both reported significantly positive associations with all the independent variables. The simple regression analyses undertaken revealed a significant positive linear relationship between Perceived financial performance and Job satisfaction, as well as between Perceived financial performance and the Job satisfaction of SME owners. The multiple regression analysis undertaken revealed that significant positive linear relationships existed between two independent variables, Servant leadership and Ethical leadership, and the dependent variable Job satisfaction. A significant positive linear relationship was also reported between Ethical leadership and Perceived financial performance. No relationships were found between the independent variables Servant leadership and Participative leadership and the dependent variable Perceived financial performance. No relationship was found between the independent variable Participative leadership and the dependent variable Job satisfaction. The analysis of variance results revealed that Gender, Qualification and the Nature of the business exerted a significant influence on Servant leadership. The results also showed that Generation exerted a significant influence on the perceived level of Ethical leadership displayed by the SME owner. In addition, the findings of the present study showed that the demographic variable Nature of the business exerted a significant influence on Participative leadership. Investigating leadership styles among SMEs is a topic of significance and growing interest among researchers. Given the importance of SMEs to the economies of countries, investigating factors that influence their success is vital. The findings of this study showed that by adopting more people-centred leadership styles, the job satisfaction of SME owners was increased, and the financial performance of their businesses improved. It is hoped that the findings of this study will provide SME owners with practical suggestions on how to increase their levels of job satisfaction and the financial performance of their businesses, and that the suggestions for future research will inspire future researchers to further investigate the issue of leadership among SMEs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Silwana, Hlumela Zukiswa
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Leadership , Job satisfaction , Business enterprises
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:9307 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018511
- Description: It is well supported in the literature that a positive relationship exists between effective leadership and business success. Given the importance of SMEs in South Africa, their large numbers, and the extent to which they positively influence the economy of the country, it is important to study leadership behaviour in the context of small and medium-sized businesses in an attempt to reduce their high failure rates. More specifically a need has been identified to research, develop, and implement more ethical and relational leadership styles among business owners. The focus of this study is therefore on several people-centred leadership styles, and their influence on selected outcomes among the owners of small and medium-sized businesses. Against this background, the primary objective is to assess the level of Servant, Authentic, Ethical and Participative leadership exhibited by SME owners in the Eastern Cape, and to establish whether exhibiting these people-centred leadership styles influences their Job satisfaction and the Perceived financial performance of their businesses. A quantitative research paradigm was adopted for this study. More specifically, an explanatory and descriptive study of a cross-sectional nature was undertaken. A comprehensive literature study was conducted using existing secondary sources. The primary data collection procedures involved selecting the population, the sample, and the sampling method, as well as the sample size for the study. For the purpose of this study, the population consisted of all small and medium-sized business owners operating businesses within the boundaries of the Eastern Cape Province. A sample of 500 of these businesses was selected by means of convenience sampling. In total 246 usable questionnaires were returned, on which to undertake the statistical analyses. A survey was undertaken, and a structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to gather the necessary data. The scales for measuring the constructs under investigation were developed based on previous research. To assess the validity of the scales measuring the constructs in this study, an exploratory factor analysis was undertaken, and its reliability was tested by calculating Cronbach’s alpha coefficients. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Pearson’s product moment correlation, regression analyses (simple and multiple) and analyses of variance. Five usable factors were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis; these corresponded with the theoretical dimensions of Participative leadership, Perceived financial performance, Ethical leadership, Servant leadership, and Job satisfaction. The items measuring Authentic leadership did not load as expected, and this construct was thus no longer included in empirical testing in this study. Satisfactory evidence of validity and reliability were provided for the other factors extracted. The independent variables reported mean scores of between 3.760 and 4.548, with the majority of respondents agreeing with the statements measuring these leadership styles. The dependent variables Job satisfaction and Perceived financial performance returned mean scores of 4.508 and 3.962 respectively, with the majority of the respondents agreeing with the statements measuring these factors. All the independent variables (Servant leadership, Ethical leadership and Participative leadership) reported significant and positive relationships with each another. The correlation between the dependent variables (Perceived financial performance and Job satisfaction) was found to reflect a moderate positive association. Job satisfaction and Perceived financial performance both reported significantly positive associations with all the independent variables. The simple regression analyses undertaken revealed a significant positive linear relationship between Perceived financial performance and Job satisfaction, as well as between Perceived financial performance and the Job satisfaction of SME owners. The multiple regression analysis undertaken revealed that significant positive linear relationships existed between two independent variables, Servant leadership and Ethical leadership, and the dependent variable Job satisfaction. A significant positive linear relationship was also reported between Ethical leadership and Perceived financial performance. No relationships were found between the independent variables Servant leadership and Participative leadership and the dependent variable Perceived financial performance. No relationship was found between the independent variable Participative leadership and the dependent variable Job satisfaction. The analysis of variance results revealed that Gender, Qualification and the Nature of the business exerted a significant influence on Servant leadership. The results also showed that Generation exerted a significant influence on the perceived level of Ethical leadership displayed by the SME owner. In addition, the findings of the present study showed that the demographic variable Nature of the business exerted a significant influence on Participative leadership. Investigating leadership styles among SMEs is a topic of significance and growing interest among researchers. Given the importance of SMEs to the economies of countries, investigating factors that influence their success is vital. The findings of this study showed that by adopting more people-centred leadership styles, the job satisfaction of SME owners was increased, and the financial performance of their businesses improved. It is hoped that the findings of this study will provide SME owners with practical suggestions on how to increase their levels of job satisfaction and the financial performance of their businesses, and that the suggestions for future research will inspire future researchers to further investigate the issue of leadership among SMEs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The influence of teachers' strikes on matriculation results
- Authors: Kumalo, Siphokazi Lucille
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Strikes and lockouts -- Teachers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teachers' unions -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4090 , vital:20511
- Description: The majority of South African public schools are not performing well and this is particularly true of the schools in the Eastern Cape Province. Many factors including teacher union strikes contributed to this situation. Teachers’ unions went on strike without considering the rights of learners. The aim of this research was to determine the extent to which teachers’ unionized strikes influence the quality of teaching and learning at selected high schools of Port Elizabeth in the Eastern Cape Province and to determine ways in which the teacher unions can also protect the rights of learners to achieve quality education in these selected high schools. The research consists of a study of relevant literature, followed by a qualitative research design. The sample group consisted of Grade 12 teachers, deputy principals and site stewards from four high schools in the Port Elizabeth District. The researcher trusts that her understanding as presented in the research findings and recommendations will benefit not only herself but will empower all the teacher unions’ members and learners coping with the stress of teaching and learning at times of strikes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Kumalo, Siphokazi Lucille
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Strikes and lockouts -- Teachers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teachers' unions -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4090 , vital:20511
- Description: The majority of South African public schools are not performing well and this is particularly true of the schools in the Eastern Cape Province. Many factors including teacher union strikes contributed to this situation. Teachers’ unions went on strike without considering the rights of learners. The aim of this research was to determine the extent to which teachers’ unionized strikes influence the quality of teaching and learning at selected high schools of Port Elizabeth in the Eastern Cape Province and to determine ways in which the teacher unions can also protect the rights of learners to achieve quality education in these selected high schools. The research consists of a study of relevant literature, followed by a qualitative research design. The sample group consisted of Grade 12 teachers, deputy principals and site stewards from four high schools in the Port Elizabeth District. The researcher trusts that her understanding as presented in the research findings and recommendations will benefit not only herself but will empower all the teacher unions’ members and learners coping with the stress of teaching and learning at times of strikes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The meaning of success : perspectives of family business owners using word associations
- Authors: Scheepers, Jessica
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Family-owned business enterprises , Success , Association tests , Content analysis (Communication)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:9308 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018512
- Description: Despite family business researchers having worked towards an understanding of how family businesses obtain success or achieve satisfaction, much confusion and debate on how to define success still exist in the field. It is suggested that defining success in terms of a family business is problematic because even family members themselves have varying perceptions of success. This confusion and debate has in recent years led to an increase in research concerning the meaning of success in the context of family businesses. Defining success is necessary, because if family businesses do not know what success means and what they are working towards, they will not know what decisions to make in order to be successful. Against this background, the primary objective of this study was to establish the perceptions of the concept of success among family business owners. For the purpose of this study, a mixed methodology was adopted because the data was collected using a qualitative method but analysed using a quantitative method. This study used a free word association test – which is a qualitative projective technique – to collect the data, which was then analysed by means of summative manifest content analysis which is a quantitative research method. Convenience sampling was used to identify small business owners to undergo the word association tests. By means of these tests, 811 words/phrases were generated by the 50 small non-family and 51 small family business owners who participated in the study. Theoretical, data, investigator and methodological triangulation was used to ensure the validity of the study whereas credibility, transferability, dependability, confirmability and authenticity were applied to ensure its reliability. A coding framework was developed and several analyses were undertaken to summarise the data. The nature and position of the words/phrases recalled as well as the most frequently occurring words/phrases recalled were reported on. To determine whether significant differences exist between the different sample groups, Chi-square statistics were calculated to ascertain statistical significance and Craemer’s V statistics to establish practical significance. The findings of this study show that small non-family business owners mostly associate business success with non-financial indicators. These non-family business owners perceive a successful small business as one that is customer-focused, provides quality service and is characterised by discipline, drive and determination. Similarly, the findings show that the small family business owners participating in this study mostly associate family business success with words/phrases of a non-financial nature. The family business owners perceived a successful family business as one where, in addition to financial returns, discipline, drive and determination, as well as trust, honesty and hard work prevail. Even though both non-family and family business owner participants mostly recalled words/phrases of a non-financial nature, non-family business owners were mainly concerned with being customer-focused and proving quality, whereas family business owners focused more on values such as discipline, drive and determination as well as trust and honesty. Based on the perceptions of success among family business owners, a workable definition of “family business success” was formulated. Family business owners mainly perceive a successful family business as one where, in addition to financial returns, values such as discipline, drive and determination as well as trust, honesty and hard work prevail in the organisational culture of their businesses. Investigating the meaning of success in the field of family business has become a topic of growing interest. This study is one of the first in South Africa to adopt a qualitative dominant approach in attempting to overcome the lack of consensus, as well as to gain greater clarity regarding the way in which success is defined by family businesses. It is hoped that the results of this study will provide family business owners as well as practitioners and researchers in the field with a better understanding of what family business success entails. This understanding offers the potential to guide and improve goal-setting and strategic processes by family businesses, resulting in fewer family business failures and ultimately improving the South African economy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Scheepers, Jessica
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Family-owned business enterprises , Success , Association tests , Content analysis (Communication)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:9308 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018512
- Description: Despite family business researchers having worked towards an understanding of how family businesses obtain success or achieve satisfaction, much confusion and debate on how to define success still exist in the field. It is suggested that defining success in terms of a family business is problematic because even family members themselves have varying perceptions of success. This confusion and debate has in recent years led to an increase in research concerning the meaning of success in the context of family businesses. Defining success is necessary, because if family businesses do not know what success means and what they are working towards, they will not know what decisions to make in order to be successful. Against this background, the primary objective of this study was to establish the perceptions of the concept of success among family business owners. For the purpose of this study, a mixed methodology was adopted because the data was collected using a qualitative method but analysed using a quantitative method. This study used a free word association test – which is a qualitative projective technique – to collect the data, which was then analysed by means of summative manifest content analysis which is a quantitative research method. Convenience sampling was used to identify small business owners to undergo the word association tests. By means of these tests, 811 words/phrases were generated by the 50 small non-family and 51 small family business owners who participated in the study. Theoretical, data, investigator and methodological triangulation was used to ensure the validity of the study whereas credibility, transferability, dependability, confirmability and authenticity were applied to ensure its reliability. A coding framework was developed and several analyses were undertaken to summarise the data. The nature and position of the words/phrases recalled as well as the most frequently occurring words/phrases recalled were reported on. To determine whether significant differences exist between the different sample groups, Chi-square statistics were calculated to ascertain statistical significance and Craemer’s V statistics to establish practical significance. The findings of this study show that small non-family business owners mostly associate business success with non-financial indicators. These non-family business owners perceive a successful small business as one that is customer-focused, provides quality service and is characterised by discipline, drive and determination. Similarly, the findings show that the small family business owners participating in this study mostly associate family business success with words/phrases of a non-financial nature. The family business owners perceived a successful family business as one where, in addition to financial returns, discipline, drive and determination, as well as trust, honesty and hard work prevail. Even though both non-family and family business owner participants mostly recalled words/phrases of a non-financial nature, non-family business owners were mainly concerned with being customer-focused and proving quality, whereas family business owners focused more on values such as discipline, drive and determination as well as trust and honesty. Based on the perceptions of success among family business owners, a workable definition of “family business success” was formulated. Family business owners mainly perceive a successful family business as one where, in addition to financial returns, values such as discipline, drive and determination as well as trust, honesty and hard work prevail in the organisational culture of their businesses. Investigating the meaning of success in the field of family business has become a topic of growing interest. This study is one of the first in South Africa to adopt a qualitative dominant approach in attempting to overcome the lack of consensus, as well as to gain greater clarity regarding the way in which success is defined by family businesses. It is hoped that the results of this study will provide family business owners as well as practitioners and researchers in the field with a better understanding of what family business success entails. This understanding offers the potential to guide and improve goal-setting and strategic processes by family businesses, resulting in fewer family business failures and ultimately improving the South African economy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The political and administrative interface on the local government sphere :|bNelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Authors: Maqoko, Zandile
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Local government -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Politicians -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5757 , vital:20999
- Description: Municipalities in South Africa are experiencing serious challenges in dealing with the interface between politicians and administrators. The study is based on the political and administrative interface (the relationship between the politicians and administration) in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. An introductory background as well as a theoretical perspective on the phenomenon of ‘politics-administration interface’ and highlights on the significant role that this phenomenon plays in promoting good governance in local government is provided. The study analyses the legislative and policy framework that regulates local government and provides various theoretical models that deal with the political administrative relationships such as the dichotomy model, politicised model and complementarity model. The qualitative research method was used in the study, that is, a secondary data design as a method to collect data, which was supplemented by an extensive literature review. Secondary data sources such as reports, policies, newspapers, books were used to collect data. The descriptive case study and the documentary analysis methods were utilised to investigate the relationship between the politicians and administrators in the municipality. The major challenge in local government is that both politicians and administrators interfere in each other’s roles and responsibilities and this results in major conflict in the municipalities and frustration among the staff because they are not free to undertake their daily functions without interference. The findings reflected that there is a need to professionalise and de-politicised local government. The study makes a number of recommendations which included, inter alia, regulating political interference in administration, clarity of roles and responsibilities of politicians and administrators and separating the municipal administration from politics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Maqoko, Zandile
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Local government -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Politicians -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5757 , vital:20999
- Description: Municipalities in South Africa are experiencing serious challenges in dealing with the interface between politicians and administrators. The study is based on the political and administrative interface (the relationship between the politicians and administration) in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. An introductory background as well as a theoretical perspective on the phenomenon of ‘politics-administration interface’ and highlights on the significant role that this phenomenon plays in promoting good governance in local government is provided. The study analyses the legislative and policy framework that regulates local government and provides various theoretical models that deal with the political administrative relationships such as the dichotomy model, politicised model and complementarity model. The qualitative research method was used in the study, that is, a secondary data design as a method to collect data, which was supplemented by an extensive literature review. Secondary data sources such as reports, policies, newspapers, books were used to collect data. The descriptive case study and the documentary analysis methods were utilised to investigate the relationship between the politicians and administrators in the municipality. The major challenge in local government is that both politicians and administrators interfere in each other’s roles and responsibilities and this results in major conflict in the municipalities and frustration among the staff because they are not free to undertake their daily functions without interference. The findings reflected that there is a need to professionalise and de-politicised local government. The study makes a number of recommendations which included, inter alia, regulating political interference in administration, clarity of roles and responsibilities of politicians and administrators and separating the municipal administration from politics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The relationship between employer branding and organisational commitment
- Authors: Tryfonos, Angelique
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Corporate culture , Organizational commitment , Psychology, Industrial
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9419 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021146
- Description: The aim of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between organisational commitment (OC) and employer branding (EB). The purpose was to Identifying whether employer branding effects organisational commitment (affective, normative and continuance commitment) and how significant that effect may be. Questionnaires were personally distributed by the researcher directly to employees under study. Non-probability sampling was used in the form of judgement sampling. The sample consisted of 124 employees from various retail outlets throughout Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape. Five hypotheses were set for evaluation. A practically significant relationship was established between organisational commitment (OC) and employer branding (EB). A small practically significant relationship was found between gender and normative commitment. A medium practically significant relationship was found between gender and training and development as well as between gender and work/life balance. Statistically significant relationships were discovered with regards to age and leadership and also between age and rewards and recognition. A statistically significant difference was established between age and overall employer branding (EB). These findings suggest that a more positive employer brand will lead to improved organisational commitment (OC). More so, retail organisations aiming to improve on organisational commitment should incorporate those employer branding (EB) factors which employees’ place greater emphasis on, within their employer brand, which in turn will lead to greater organisational commitment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Tryfonos, Angelique
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Corporate culture , Organizational commitment , Psychology, Industrial
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9419 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021146
- Description: The aim of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between organisational commitment (OC) and employer branding (EB). The purpose was to Identifying whether employer branding effects organisational commitment (affective, normative and continuance commitment) and how significant that effect may be. Questionnaires were personally distributed by the researcher directly to employees under study. Non-probability sampling was used in the form of judgement sampling. The sample consisted of 124 employees from various retail outlets throughout Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape. Five hypotheses were set for evaluation. A practically significant relationship was established between organisational commitment (OC) and employer branding (EB). A small practically significant relationship was found between gender and normative commitment. A medium practically significant relationship was found between gender and training and development as well as between gender and work/life balance. Statistically significant relationships were discovered with regards to age and leadership and also between age and rewards and recognition. A statistically significant difference was established between age and overall employer branding (EB). These findings suggest that a more positive employer brand will lead to improved organisational commitment (OC). More so, retail organisations aiming to improve on organisational commitment should incorporate those employer branding (EB) factors which employees’ place greater emphasis on, within their employer brand, which in turn will lead to greater organisational commitment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The relationship between organisational commitment, work engagement and turnover intentions
- Authors: Robinson, Nicole Dianne
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Social responsibility of business , Organizational commitment , Labor turnover
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6582 , vital:21119
- Description: “The question of employee turnover has come to gain greater attention especially in the 21st century where organisations all over the world, in various industries, have faced this problem at some stages of their evolution” (Zahra et al, 2013:78). Turnover intentions have further become a vital study for organisations and researchers as research has found that once an employee has actually implemented the behaviour to quit, it is highly unlikely that an employer will be able to “gain access to them to understand their prior situation” (Darroux, Johnathan & Thibeli, 2013:78). Several studies have been devoted to examine the impact of various factors such as organisational commitment, work engagement, age, gender and tenure on turnover intentions in an attempt to assist organisations in alleviating the challenges associated with turnover (Darroux, Johnathan & Thibeli, 2013). The results of these studies have continually shown that both work engagement and organisational commitment have a significant effect on turnover intentions (Yin & Yang, 2002; Meyer, Stanley, Herscovitch & Topolnytsky, 2002 and Tett & Meyer, 1993).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Robinson, Nicole Dianne
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Social responsibility of business , Organizational commitment , Labor turnover
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6582 , vital:21119
- Description: “The question of employee turnover has come to gain greater attention especially in the 21st century where organisations all over the world, in various industries, have faced this problem at some stages of their evolution” (Zahra et al, 2013:78). Turnover intentions have further become a vital study for organisations and researchers as research has found that once an employee has actually implemented the behaviour to quit, it is highly unlikely that an employer will be able to “gain access to them to understand their prior situation” (Darroux, Johnathan & Thibeli, 2013:78). Several studies have been devoted to examine the impact of various factors such as organisational commitment, work engagement, age, gender and tenure on turnover intentions in an attempt to assist organisations in alleviating the challenges associated with turnover (Darroux, Johnathan & Thibeli, 2013). The results of these studies have continually shown that both work engagement and organisational commitment have a significant effect on turnover intentions (Yin & Yang, 2002; Meyer, Stanley, Herscovitch & Topolnytsky, 2002 and Tett & Meyer, 1993).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015