An examination of the sonnets of E.E. Cummings
- Authors: Hughes, Jeremy Francis
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Cummings, E. E. (Edward Estlin), 1894-1962 -- Criticism and interpretation Sonnets, English -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2244 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002287
- Description: This dissertation examines E. E. Cummings's writings in the sonnet genre and in those genres to which the sonnet is related in various ways. Its fundamental point is that, despite the surface impression of poetic iconoclasm for which Cummings has a popular reputation, in choosing to write sonnets he engages in a traditional literary practice. He does this because his purpose is always to be an artist, as defined by the Aesthetic movement which influenced him. In order to argue his embracing of a traditional artistic role, the theory of genres espoused by Alastair Fowler in his book, Kinds of Literature, is used. Chapter 1 of the thesis comprises general introductory material, both to the range of Aesthetic ideas to which Cummings subscribed, and to Fowler's theory of genres. Several key generic kinds are also described. The second chapter makes use of two of these generic models, the sonnet sequence and the silva, as a way of examining Cummings's deployment of the sonnet within the larger context of his poetry collections. It is a survey of the structure of the anthologies he compiled from Tulips & Chimneys (1922) to 95 Poems (1958). The third chapter explores the three sonnet modes which Cummings first identifies and names when compiling the manuscript of Tulips & Chimneys, and continues to use in his collections up to and including is 5 (1926). Chapter 4 shows how certain themes and concerns from these early sonnets are altered and synthesised as Cummings matures from an aesthete to a Romantic poet. Sonnets from his later books are taken to be representative of three central kinds in all of his work after is 5. Chapters 3 and 4 proceed by means of relatively close readings of individual sonnets. This practice fulfils a double role: it penetrates the apparent obscurity of the more difficult poems, and it attempts to preserve the integrity of individual poems which exemplify different generic tendencies in Cummings's work. One of Cummings's reasons for writing sonnets is that the form favours the achievement of what Wordsworth calls "a feeling of intense unity". In undertaking close readings of a few sonnets I have attempted to preserve that feeling.
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- Date Issued: 1992
An examination of the suitability of some contemporary South African fiction for readers in the post-developmental reading stage
- Authors: Cole, Lorna
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Children's literature, South African -- History and criticism Children -- Books and reading -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1530 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003412
- Description: Adverse criticism regarding the quantity and quality of children's books in South Africa appear in such respected sources as The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature and The Companion to South African English Literature, the authors of which are of the opinion that South African children are dependent solely upon Eurocentric literature for their reading material. In recent years however, local publishers have attempted to redress this imbalance by offering prizes for unpublished works. These prizes have acted as incentives for aspiring writers, many of whom have had novels published specifically for children in the post-developmental reading stage. This study critically examines some of these prizewinning works of fantasy and contemporary realism, in an effort to gauge their literary worth within the context of accepted criteria for judging children's literature. Accolades from adults are not however a guarantee that the prizewinning books will be received with equal acclaim by the children for whom they are written. For this reason, five children in the post-developmental reading stage were asked to pass their opinions and non-literary judgments on the books. Although the critical evaluation of the indigenous works proves them to be eminently worthy of the prizes which they received on publication, the children did not rate them as highly as certain imported works. The works of fantasy by Marguerite Poland rated poorly in terms of their popularity despite the fact that the children said that in a non-circumscribed context, they choose fantasy in preference to contemporary realism. Within the context of the indigenous literature which they read for this study though, they preferred the works of contemporary realism as they were able to identify with particular aspects of the novels. Indigenous literature for children in the post-developmental reading stage is a comparatively new phenomenon which needs to be nurtured if it is to attain any lasting status. The onus rests upon the teachers of literature and librarians to introduce the literature and make the books more accessible to young readers. Publishers need perhaps to engage the views and opinions of the audience for whom the books are written in an effort to publish books which, without in any way detracting from their literary worth, will deal with subjects favoured by young readers.
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- Date Issued: 1992
An exploratory field study into schoolgirl pregnancies, with emphasis on the role the school can play in their prevention
- Authors: Kooverjee, Ishwar
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Teenage pregnancy -- South Africa Sex instruction -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1537 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003419
- Description: This piece of research explores the problem of schoolgirl pregnancies and suggests a role which the school might play in their prevention. Concern over the growing number of unplanned pregnancies under the age of eighteen years at the author's school, culminated in the .present study. Experts on the subject often perceive the problem to be self-defeating to the young girls, medically contra-indicated and socially disruptive. The purpose of this investigation was to determine attitudes towards the description of the problem, to identify causative factors predisposing to pregnancy, and to obtain views on how the school can reconcile efforts to address the problem. The relevant research data was obtained through a comprehensive 64 item attitudinal and knowledge-base questionnaire which was administered to a sample of 187 subjects. The sample comprised seven different occupational groups namely, senior schoolgirls, parents of senior schoolgirls, ex-schoolgirl primigravidae, parents of ex-schoolgirl primigravidae, school teachers, members of the clergy and various health care professionals. The appendices contain full statistical tables as well as full responses to the open-ended essay based on the research questionnaire so that the reader is free to check the reasonableness of the conclusions drawn. In the final chapter the author provides a brief summary of findings, offers justification why the teaching of sex education should be a priority in public schools, and makes recommendations, in the main, for the inclusion of school-based sex education as a component of Guidance in terms of rationale and implementation. In addition, suggestions are made with regard to school policy formulation and networking with parents and other community resources. Finally, a choice of four current model programmes for sex education are proposed in an effort to improve and build upon existing programmes in the present South African curriculum. It is the author's belief that this investigation may contribute to course design and perhaps provide hypotheses for more specific studies in the future.
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- Date Issued: 1992
An investigation into the use of weather type models in the teaching of South African climatology at senior secondary school level
- Authors: Schürmann, Leon
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Climatology -- Study and teaching (Secondary) , Geography -- Study and teaching (Secondary)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:2009 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015948
- Description: The synoptic chart encodes climatological and meteorological information in a highly abstract manner. The pupil's level of cognitive development, the nature of the syllabus and the teaching strategies employed by the geography teacher influence the pupil's conceptualisation of information. The synoptic chart is a valuable tool for consolidating the content of the S.A climatology syllabus. Recent research has established that climatology-meteorology, and especially synoptic chart reading and interpretation, is difficult for the concrete thinker. These pupils find difficulty in visualising the weather processes and systems. Provided that they are simple and clear, models are useful teaching devices that integrate and generalise information in a manner that is easily retrievable. The intention of the author is to provide weather type models and other supporting strategies and aids as a means to improve the senior secondary pupil's assimilation of southern African climatological-meteorological information. This model-based approach is tested in the classroom using an action research framework to judge its efficacy. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations are made.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Analyzing communication flow and process placement in Linda programs on transputers
- Authors: De-Heer-Menlah, Frederick Kofi
- Date: 1992 , 2012-11-28
- Subjects: LINDA (Computer system) , Transputers , Parallel programming (Computer science)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4675 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006698 , LINDA (Computer system) , Transputers , Parallel programming (Computer science)
- Description: With the evolution of parallel and distributed systems, users from diverse disciplines have looked to these systems as a solution to their ever increasing needs for computer processing resources. Because parallel processing systems currently require a high level of expertise to program, many researchers are investing effort into developing programming approaches which hide some of the difficulties of parallel programming from users. Linda, is one such parallel paradigm, which is intuitive to use, and which provides a high level decoupling between distributable components of parallel programs. In Linda, efficiency becomes a concern of the implementation rather than of the programmer. There is a substantial overhead in implementing Linda, an inherently shared memory model on a distributed system. This thesis describes the compile-time analysis of tuple space interactions which reduce the run-time matching costs, and permits the distributon of the tuple space data. A language independent module which partitions the tuple space data and suggests appropriate storage schemes for the partitions so as to optimise Linda operations is presented. The thesis also discusses hiding the network topology from the user by automatically allocating Linda processes and tuple space partitons to nodes in the network of transputers. This is done by introducing a fast placement algorithm developed for Linda. , KMBT_223
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- Date Issued: 1992
Applicability of the SERVQUAL instrument under South African conditions : an assessment of four situations
- Authors: Pitt, Leyland Frederick
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: SERVQUAL instrument , Customer service , Measurement , Service quality , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:1160 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001627
- Description: On-going research in recent years has shown quality of product and service, as perceived by customer, relative to competition, to be the single most important factor contributing to organizational well-being. Quality of product and service also presents one of the most significant opportunities for corporate differentiation. A major requirement for the successful management of quality is therefore effective measurement. In the case of physical goods, progress has been made over a long period. However, in the case of services, real advances have only occurred within the past decade. The importance of service quality is also highlighted by the fact that most businesses today are losing customers due to its inadequacy, rather than poor products. Indeed, from the customer's point of view, services and products probably do not exist in a dichotomy, but, rather, along a spectrum. Therefore, the measurement of service quality is critical, not only in traditional service organizations, but in manufacturing situations as well. The development of the SERVQUAL questionnaire in 1988, offered researchers, perhaps for the first time, an apparently reliable and valid instrument for the measurement of service quality. However, to date the instrument has not been subjected to rigorous testing for reliability and validity in South Africa, across a range of service organizations, within a typology. In this study, the SERVQUAL instrument was used to measure service quality across a range of firms within the Larsson-Bowen contingency framework, under South African conditions. Its main objectives were to assess its reliability and validity in these circumstances. It was found that SERVQUAL performed well across all organizations within the Larsson-Bowen framework, under South African conditions, with regard to reliability, convergent and nomological validity. Its construct validity proved to be less sound, and it was not found to possess discriminant validity. It is suggested that this is less attributable to South African circumstances than to the nature of the organizations. In cases of low diversity of demand, the instrument appears to capture the essence of service quality less effectively. Means of overcoming this in future studies are suggested, as well as other directions for research in the area of service quality measurement
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- Date Issued: 1992
Aspects of the biology of two inshore sparid fishes (Diplodus sargus capensis and Diplodus cervinus hottentotus) off the south-east coast of South Africa
- Authors: Mann, Bruce Quintin
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Sparidae , Diplodus
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5222 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005065 , Sparidae , Diplodus
- Description: The blacktail, Diplodus sargus capensis and the zebra, Diplodus cervinus hottentotus, sparid fishes endemic to South Africa, are important components of the recreational shore-fishery. To provide a basis for the management of these fish, aspects of the biology of both species were investigated in the Tsitsikamma National Park (TNP). In particular, the role of the TNP was evaluated as a management option for the conservation of both species. Examination of stomach contents showed that juveniles of both species fed predominantly on amphipods, polychaetes and harpacticoid copepods. Adult !h. sargus were omnivorous and fed opportunistically on a wide variety of reef associated invertebrates and algae including echinoids, polychaetes, anthozoans, ascidians and rhodophytes. The diet of adult D. cervinus was more specialized with a preference shown for polychaetes and amphipods. Seasonal differences were apparent in the diets of both species where considerably more amphipods were consumed in winter than in summer. Feeding requirements of both species were reflected in their habitat preferences. Visual underwater assessment revealed that both species were most abundant on turbulent inshore reefs (1-10m). !h. sargus were observed over a wide variety of reef associated habitats. In the literature they have also been recorded in the surf zone of sandy beaches and in the lower reaches of estuaries. !h. cervinus, on the other hand, were more specific in their habitat requirements and were observed in greatest abundance on inshore reefs, often in close association with caves or overhangs. A comparison between the relative abundance and size structure of both species in the TNP with that of an exploited area immediately adjacent to the reserve, showed no significant differences. This was attributed to the low level of exploitation by rock-and-surf anglers occurring in the exploited study area, as well as the possibility of seeding of eggs and larvae, or emigration of adults from the TNP. An investigation of the reproductive biology of both fish showed that !h. sargus had an extended summer spawning season while in !h. cervi nus it was more restricted. Detailed histological examination of gonadal development showed that !h. sarqus were dygynous with partial protandry occuring in the male population. ~ cervinus were shown to be rudimentary hermaphrodites. Size at 50% maturity in ~ sargus and ~ cervinus was determined at 225 and 285mm fork length respectively, corresponding to ages of 4 and 6 years. An age and growth study based on the examination of sectioned otoliths showed that both species were slow growing capable of reaching ages in excess of 20 years. Growth in ~ sargus and ~ cervinus was described by the von Bertalanffy growth equations: L(t) = 309.44(1-e-0 . 247[t+l. 048 l) and L(t) = 396.85(1-e-0.146[t+2.148J) respectively. Life history characteristics of D. sargus and D. cervinus including slow growth, late maturation and occupation of a localised, demersal habitat showed that both species were vulnerable to the effects of over-fishing. Due to the present increase in the number of participants and the decrease in catch per unit effort in the recreational shore-fishery, more stringent management recommendations were proposed to ensure the adequate protection of both species. These included an increased minimum size limit and a decreased bag limit for both species. Based on the residency shown by both species and their high relative abundance in the TNP, marine reserves were considered to be a valuable addition to the suite of management options available for the conservation of these species . In this respect the reserve provided both protection for the spawner stock as well as the potential to seed adjacent areas.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Complete regularity and related concepts in L-uniform spaces
- Authors: Harnett, Rait Sicklen
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Uniform spaces , Mathematics -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5403 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005217 , Uniform spaces , Mathematics -- Research
- Description: L will denote a completely distributive lattice with an order reversing involution. The concept of an L-uniform space is introduced. An extension theorem concerning L-uniformly continuous functions is proved. A characterisation of L-uniformizability, involving L-complete regularity is given. With respect to L--completely regular spaces it is shown that the topological modification of an L-completely regular space is completely regular. Furthermore it is shown that the topologically generated L-topology of a completely regular space is L-completely regular.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Dance and sexual politics some implications of the status of women in selected dance forms
- Authors: Poona, Sobhna Keshavelal
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Dance -- Social aspects , Sex discrimination against women
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2145 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002377 , Dance -- Social aspects , Sex discrimination against women
- Description: This thesis explores, from a feminist perspective, some implications on the status of women in selected dance forms, and addresses the perceptions of women as 'inferior' and 'subordinate'. One of the intentions behind the work was, indeed, to challenge prevailing perceptions and create an awareness of sexism, capitalism and patriarchy, especially for the uncritical and uninformed who have become its victims. Part 1 offers an analysis of the premises upon which social, political and economic inequality are founded and consolidated, with specific reference to sexual inequality and sexual prejudice. Utilising a Marxist-feminist and semiotic approach, the machinations of the traditional mass media are linked to negative imaging of the female body in support of the sexist, patriarchal, capitalist male manipulator, who benefits from women's subordinate social status. Part 2 addresses the issue of sexual politics, and the implications for dance research and performance. The researcher offers a descriptive analysis of four specific dance forms, which serve to highlight the socialisation and educational processes that shape our perceptions and instruct our lives. A set of questionnaires was sent to fourteen autonomous dance institutions, including those attached to national performing arts councils. The thesis concludes with a summary of the results of the questionnaires that were distributed amongst female dancers, dance students and choreographers. The researcher questions our culture's preoccupation with the female body image, and posits the urgent need for an assessment of this situation, and an education which will create a better understanding and a more harmonious climate for development.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Developing a problem solving approach to primary mathematics teaching: a case study
- Authors: Naidoo, Anandhavelli
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Mathematics -- Study and teaching (Elementary) Problem solving -- Study and teaching (Elementary)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1493 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003374
- Description: According to recent research a focus in teaching mathematics to children is the development of problem solving abilities. Problem solving means the process of applying mathematical knowledge and skills to unfamiliar situations. A case study was done using a problem solving approach to the learning and teaching of mathematics with a sample of teachers registered at the Umlazi College For Further Education. These teachers were familiar with the traditional approach of teaching mathematics through drill and practice methods. The new syllabus that is to be implemented emphasises a problem solving approach to the teaching of mathematics. This study set out to implement a problem solving approach with primary school mathematics teachers so that they would be someway prepared for the innovations of the new syllabus. Workshops were conducted using an action research approach with discourse and practice leading to reconstruction with improvements. Early theorists like Piaget and Bruner offered ways of understanding children's learning, to help the teacher develop his teaching. Dienes introduced an element of play and Dewey spoke of the importance of experience. Dienes and Dewey show the first positive signs of recognising the importance of social interaction in the learning situation. Social interaction lays emphasis on language and discussion in the mathematics classroom. A social constructivist model of teaching and learning was used for the research. This research includes a study of the established ideas on developing a problem solving approach to mathematics teaching. These ideas were incorporated into the workshops that the group of teachers attended. During the workshops teachers were gradually exposed to the essence of problem solving techniques through much group discussion and doing practical exercises, which they could then implement in their classes. The teachers reported back at each subsequent workshop. A non-participant observer evaluated the development at the workshops. The workshops' success was evident from the change in the teachers' attitudes and behaviour as well as their feedback of what transpired in the classroom. They reported on the change in their roles as information suppliers to facilitators where the thinking process was focused on, rather than the importance of a correct answer. In the workshops the teachers themselves moved from passive listeners to active participants. It would appear from this preliminary investigation that through using a problem solving approach in workshops, inservice teachers can benefit constructively from this approach and will attempt to use it in their own teaching.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Educational computing in secondary schools of the Cape Education Department: a research survey to assess computing facility acquisition and its utilization
- Authors: Bean, Pat
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Education, Secondary -- South Africa -- Data processing Education, Secondary -- South Africa -- Computer network resources Computer-assisted instruction -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1505 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003387
- Description: Secondary schools under the jurisdiction of the Cape Education Department (CED) have, over the past 10 years, been acquiring computer equipment without a national policy on educational computing in South Africa, and within only broad parameters provided by their department. The aim of this study was to determine the present status of educational computing in these schools. A literature survey on educational computing was undertaken and a number of international and local 'computers-in-schools' initiatives were elucidated. A field survey, involving all CED secondary schools (239), was initiated by sending questionnaires to principals of these schools - a return rate of 89% was achieved. The results of the research revealed that most CED secondary schools have already acquired computer facilities. The role of pressure groups such as teachers, parents, business sector etc together with other factors that might have influenced schools in acquiring their computer facilities was also investigated. The investigation also revealed where and how these facilities are being utilised: most schools use their computers for administrative functions, with the computer-as-a-tool for teachers and pupils also fast gaining ground. Computer-assisted learning activities, where the computer is integrated with subject curricula, are however still limited. The extent of both teachers' formal training in educational computing and their familiarity with different software applications were also determined. Schools were also required to indicate the areas where they experience problems in getting teachers and pupils more involved in 'computers-in-education' activities. The present educational computing position in secondary schools of the CED will have to serve as a foundation for the department's CISR Project embarked upon in 1991.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Environmental education in primary schools in Bophuthatswana : a case study in curriculum implementation
- Authors: Shongwe, Doctor Petrus
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Environmental education -- South Africa -- Bophuthatswana , Primary school teaching -- Research -- South Africa -- Bophuthatswana
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1514 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003396
- Description: This study examines the extent to which teachers in Senior Primary Schools who have obtained a professional qualification in Environmental Education, implement Environmental Education in their schools. It also explores factors which influence the implementation of Environmental Education at the Senior Primary School. Teachers who had qualified from Tlhabane and Hebron Colleges of Education were interviewed as were the principals of their schools and some of the lecturers who had taught them Environmental Education. The implementation of Environmental Education was addressed by means of comparing the teacher's responses with Primary Environmental Education Teacher Competencies as suggested by Glasgow and Robinson (1986) and Lahiry et al (1988). The information was deduced from the teachers responses from semi-structured interviews and were qualitatively analysed.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Environmentalism and its implications for education: a study of private schools in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Slade, Wilfred John
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Environmental education -- Study and teaching -- South Africa Environmental education -- Curricula -- South Africa Private schools -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1520 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003402
- Description: This study explores the extent to which the ethos and the basic approach to education taken by three Eastern Cape private schools influences the practice of environmental education within these schools. Their environmental education programmes are evaluated in terms of the guiding principles adopted by the international community in the 'Tbilisi Principles of Environmental Education'. An ethnographic approach was adopted for this research and findings are essentially descriptive and qualitative, with special regard to social structures and the attitudes of individuals within these structures.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Evaluation of three simple hydrosalinity models applied to citrus orchards in the Lower Coerney River irrigation area, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Cobban, Dale Anne
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Irrigation -- Management , Irrigation -- Research -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Water in agriculture , Citrus -- Irrigation -- South Africa , Soils, Salts in
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4829 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005504 , Irrigation -- Management , Irrigation -- Research -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Water in agriculture , Citrus -- Irrigation -- South Africa , Soils, Salts in
- Description: Three hydrosalinity models of different complexity were evaluated against data from selected citrus orchards in the Lower Coerney River irrigation area. These models were statistically compared with field data, and found to vary in accuracy of output predictions. The simplest model, the LEACHING REQUIREMENT (LR) model, has the lowest data input requirements and produces output predictions that correlate with up to 93% of the variance in measured data. SODICS, which is theoretically more detailed and requires a greater level of detail in input, produces predictions of an accuracy equivalent to the LR model. The PEAK model was assessed in two parts, the PEAKM module simulating soil moisture and soil moisture movement was able to predict variations in moisture up to 99% of the time. The PEAKD module, which predicts solute concentrations was less effective in replicating real world conditions
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- Date Issued: 1992
Exploration for stratabound copper, lead and zinc deposits in the Damara-Katanga orogen, central-southern Africa
- Authors: Latorre, J J
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Mining geology -- Research -- Africa , Copper ores -- Africa , Lead ores -- Africa , Zinc ores -- Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4946 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005558
- Description: The Damara-Katanga orogen in central-southern Africa represents an area of 1.73xl0⁶ sq. km. The region is considered one of the wealthiest metallogenic provinces in the world. Successful exploration for stratabound base-metal deposits has taken place at this particular area since the introduction of more organised methodology in the early 1920s. The genesis, location and distribution of the ore deposits are related to their tectonic settings. Geodynamic evolution of the orogen, which initially formed part of a complex Pan-African rift system, comprises the following stages rifting; downwarping, including spreading on the western portion; syn-orogeny and late-orogeny. Two major tectonic events in the history of the region have been identified: the Katangan (900-750 Ma) and the Damaran episodes (750-500 Ma). Timing of mineralisation of ore deposits has been related to the evolutionary stages of the orogen. Genetic models of the most productive deposits are briefly discussed in this dissertation. The sedimentological, geochemical, paleogeographic and structural features can be employed as geological guidelines for integrated exploration programmes. Discoveries of major deposits and prospects in the orogen are also summarised, focussing on the exploration methods employed. The cost-effective use of the exploration techniques includes the classical copper-lead-zinc soil sampling for residual soils such as those in the Copperbelt area. Airborne magnetics and electromagnetics and follow-up ground geophysics have proved successful in areas where the cover is transported in the search for shallow ore deposits such as the Matchless massive sulphides. Remote sensing, geochemical and geophysical techniques have been tried in covered areas of western Botswana. The lack of geological control makes this interpretation difficult. A detailed geological mapping and the use of geochemical and geophysical techniques has been used to delineate carbonate-hosted base-metal deposits at the Otavi Land. The more expensive traditional methods necessary for the delineation of orebodies, such as pitting, trenching and drilling, are also discussed. Using a sequential approach, a possible exploration strategy is suggested, outlining the cost-effective use of remote sensing, geochemical and geophysical techniques. Standardisation in basic geological information is required for future successful explorations in the Damara-Katanga orogen, as well as attractive mining policies. In the event of their implementation, exploration perspectives are promising, specifically in terms of ore potential.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Exploratory studies of novel ligand systems
- Authors: Taylor, Steven John
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Ligands , Coordination compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4315 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004973 , Ligands , Coordination compounds
- Description: A range of novel ligand systems have been developed in three distinct phases and preliminary studies have been initiated to evaluate their complexation potential. Phase I incorporated the synthesis of single strand ligand systems, which were mainly based on amino acid residues. Techniques have been developed for the attachment of these ligand systems onto, firstly, a styrene monomer, and then later onto a pseudo-styrene linking group, viz. the p-toluoyl group. The linking reactions were based on the formation of amides or esters by the reaction of an acid chloride system with an amine or alcohol. Phase II involved the synthesis of bis-chain ligand systems and their attachment onto the p-toluoyl linking group. A further linking group was also developed at this stage, viz. the xylyl group. In the preparation of phase II ligand systems, use was made of malonic ester and iminodiacetic acid derivatives. Phase III has involved the synthesis of cyclic ligand systems, with skeletons based upon the structures used in phase I and phase II and two crown ether type systems have been prepared.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Facies mapping of the Vaal Reef placer as an aid to remnant pillar extraction and stope width optimisation
- Authors: O'Donovan, Anthony Gareth
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Facies (Geology) -- South Africa -- Vaal Reef placer
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4947 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005559 , Facies (Geology) -- South Africa -- Vaal Reef placer
- Description: The Vaal Reef placer is situated on the unconformable junction of the Strathmore and Stilfontein formations of the Johannesburg Subgroup. Within the South Division of the Vaal Reefs Exploration and Mining company lease, the Vaal Reef Placer is shown to be composed of several different units. Each unit exhibits its own specific characteristics and trend direction which can be used to establish distinct "Reef packages". These packages can be mapped in such a way as to provide a preliminary lithofacies map for the Vaal Reef Placer. The delineation of such geologically homogenous zones, and the development of a suitable depositional model, can be utilised in several ways. The characteristics of a particular zone are shown to influence the control of stoping width, evaluation of remnant pillars and the geostatistical methodology of evaluating current and future ore reserve blocks.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Fieldwork as a compensatory teaching strategy for rural black senior secondary schools
- Authors: Boqwana, Eleanor Pindiwe
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Black people -- Education -- South Africa , Geography -- Fieldwork -- Study and teaching , Geography -- Study and teaching -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1544 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003426 , Black people -- Education -- South Africa , Geography -- Fieldwork -- Study and teaching , Geography -- Study and teaching -- South Africa
- Description: The understanding of geographical concepts and the development of skills requires the use of appropriate teaching strategies. Modern school syllabuses emphasize the development of concepts and skills which are basic to the understanding of geography. Geography provides practical learning opportunities which directly involve the learner. Techniques which directly involve the learner are perceived to be the most valuable. Fieldwork, which embraces a wide range of innovative teaching strategies, is the one best suited to give first-hand experience to the pupils. This study investigates the potential of fieldwork to promote conceptual understanding in geography with special reference to pupils in rural schools. Extensive literature on fieldwork in geographical education was analysed. Surveys of geography teachers and pupils in senior secondary schools were conducted to assess their attitudes towards geography and the use of learner-centred approaches with special reference to fieldwork. The role of fieldwork to promote conceptual understanding was evaluated by exposing two groups of pupils to different field activities. This revealed that fieldwork promotes understanding, stimulates interest and builds up confidence even when first introduced at senior secondary level.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Form and substance in R.M. Hare's utilitarianism
- Authors: Coetzee, Pieter Hendrik
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Hare, R. M. (Richard Mervyn) -- Ethics , Utilitarianism
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2706 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002836 , Hare, R. M. (Richard Mervyn) -- Ethics , Utilitarianism
- Description: Throughout his career as moral philosopher Hare has insisted that there is a rational way of arriving at substantive moral judgements. Hare develops this view - first presented in ' The language of morals' (1952) and ' Universalizability' (1955) - into the claim that rational agents are required to adopt utilitarian solutions to moral disputes. In ' Freedom and reason ' (1963) this claim is defended with reference to the view that the formal features of moral language (universalizability and prescriptivity)commit moral agents to a certain method of reasoning, and that this method of reasoning, when conjoined with facts about people's desires and preferences, leads us to accept substantive moral judgements consistent with those required by a form of utilitarianism. This view features throughout Hare's subsequent work, but the argument for it undergoes change. This means change in the defence of the claim that the meta-theory Universal Prescriptivism is consistent with a form of normative utilitarian theory, as this claim is argued for in 'Ethical theory and utilitarianism' (1976) and 'Moral Thinking' (1981). I shall endeavour to trace the chronological development of Hare's thinking, and will concentrate on developments in the argument for a theory of act-utilitarianism. I shall argue that the argument for utilitarianism gives rise to two major problems which arise from a specific feature of the argument, namely, the attempt to run the resolution of bi-lateral and multi-lateral cases of conflict along lines analogous to the resolution of conflict in the single-person case. Hare's argument requires that a decision-maker must identify the person with whom he reverses roles as himself, and that he must be prepared to concede that the things his recipient has good reasons for wanting are also reasons for him to want the same things. I argue that it is not possible to make coherent sense of the identity of the person in the reversed-role situation and that the motivational states a decision -maker is expected to deem 'his own' are not properly states of himself. If I am right, the 'identity'-question sits at the root of a motivational gap in Hare's theory.
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- Date Issued: 1992
Genetic models for epithermal gold deposits and applications to exploration
- Authors: Veselinović, Milica
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Gold ores -- Geology , Hydrothermal deposits
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4950 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005562 , Gold ores -- Geology , Hydrothermal deposits
- Description: Epithermal gold deposits are the product of large-scale hydrothermal systems in tectonically active regions. They form at shallow crustal levels where the physico-chemical conditions change abruptly. Two major groups of epithermal gold deposits can be distinguished based on their genetic connection with: A) Copper-molybdenum porphyry systems and B) Geothermal systems related to volcanic centres and calderas. Epithermal gold deposits connected with geothermal systems encompass three major types: adularia-sericite, acid-sulphate and disseminated replacement (the Carlin-type). Their essential ingredients are: high heat source which leads to convection of groundwater in the upper crust; source of hydrothermal fluid, metals and reduced sulphur; and high-permeability structures which allow fluid convection and metal deposition. Mixing of these ingredients leads to the formation of epithermal gold deposits throughout crustal history, without any restriction on age. The ores were deposited from near-neutral (adularia-sericite type and some of the Carlin-type) to acidic (acid-sulphate type and porphyry-related epithermal gold deposits), low-salinity, high C0₂ and high H₂S fluids, which were predominantly meteoritic in origin. The transport capability of deep fluids in epithermal hydrothermal systems may be shown to be dependent largely on their H₂S content and, through a series of fluid mineral equilibria, on temperature and on C0₂ content. The most common mechanisms of ore deposition are boiling (phase separation), mixing of fluids of different temperatures and salinities, reaction between them and wall rocks, dilution and cooling. An understanding of genetic models for epithermal gold deposits provides the basis for the selection of favourable areas for regional to prospect-scale exploration.
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- Date Issued: 1992