Identifying the factors that influence parents and caregivers to commit child maltreatment: systematic review
- Authors: Dipholo, Mamdlalose Emily
- Date: 2024-04-04
- Subjects: Abusive parents , Child abuse Psychological aspects , Child caregivers , Systematic review , Holistic paradigm
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/435421 , vital:73156
- Description: Child maltreatment, encompassing various forms of abuse and neglect, poses a significant global public health concern. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted dimensions of child maltreatment, including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, as well as neglect. The impact of maltreatment on the developing child is profound, resulting in a range of adverse physical and mental health outcomes, developmental delays, behavioural challenges, and social difficulties. The aim of this study was to comprehensively review and synthesise peer-reviewed research on the factors influencing parents and caregivers in committing child maltreatment. This systematic review identified the multifaceted factors influencing parents and caregivers to engage in child maltreatment. Using a social ecological framework, ten key themes emerged, namely poverty and lack of access to services, intergenerational transmission of abuse, childhood trauma, substance abuse, domestic violence, neighbourhood violence, cultural practices, social factors, children’s individual factors, and caregivers' mental health concerns. Personal history, caregiver’s mental health, substance abuse, poor awareness of self-protection, and gender emerged as significant individual-level contributors. Non biological caregivers and domestic violence were identified as relationship-level factors. At the community level, poverty, lack of access to services, unemployment, and neighbourhood violence were found to impact child maltreatment. Cultural values and the intergenerational transmission of abuse were reported as influential societal-level factors. The study underscores the complex interplay of personal, environmental, and cultural influences in child maltreatment, highlighting the need for comprehensive strategies to address this critical issue. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 2024
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- Authors: Dipholo, Mamdlalose Emily
- Date: 2024-04-04
- Subjects: Abusive parents , Child abuse Psychological aspects , Child caregivers , Systematic review , Holistic paradigm
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/435421 , vital:73156
- Description: Child maltreatment, encompassing various forms of abuse and neglect, poses a significant global public health concern. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted dimensions of child maltreatment, including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, as well as neglect. The impact of maltreatment on the developing child is profound, resulting in a range of adverse physical and mental health outcomes, developmental delays, behavioural challenges, and social difficulties. The aim of this study was to comprehensively review and synthesise peer-reviewed research on the factors influencing parents and caregivers in committing child maltreatment. This systematic review identified the multifaceted factors influencing parents and caregivers to engage in child maltreatment. Using a social ecological framework, ten key themes emerged, namely poverty and lack of access to services, intergenerational transmission of abuse, childhood trauma, substance abuse, domestic violence, neighbourhood violence, cultural practices, social factors, children’s individual factors, and caregivers' mental health concerns. Personal history, caregiver’s mental health, substance abuse, poor awareness of self-protection, and gender emerged as significant individual-level contributors. Non biological caregivers and domestic violence were identified as relationship-level factors. At the community level, poverty, lack of access to services, unemployment, and neighbourhood violence were found to impact child maltreatment. Cultural values and the intergenerational transmission of abuse were reported as influential societal-level factors. The study underscores the complex interplay of personal, environmental, and cultural influences in child maltreatment, highlighting the need for comprehensive strategies to address this critical issue. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 2024
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A Critical Hermeneutics Analysis of CEO/Chairman Letters written to Shareholders of Shoprite Holdings
- Authors: Madakana, Sinazo
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Shoprite (Firm : South Africa) -- History , Corporation reports -- South Africa , Psychology -- Qualitative research , Hermeneutics , Critical discourse analysis , Corporations -- Investor relations -- South Africa , Corporate culture , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185460 , vital:44388
- Description: This research is a critical analysis of Shoprite’s annual reports particularly CEO/Chairman letters written to shareholders during and after the apartheid era. This paper aims at studying business communication at specific historical junctures using the critical hermeneutics. This is done to uncover the symbolic meaning in business communication which serves the interests of the socially and political powerful. Also, this paper will investigate the usefulness of the CEO/Chairman letters and examine if they give a true and fair view of the company or they are just a rhetorical tool used to convince stakeholders.
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- Authors: Madakana, Sinazo
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Shoprite (Firm : South Africa) -- History , Corporation reports -- South Africa , Psychology -- Qualitative research , Hermeneutics , Critical discourse analysis , Corporations -- Investor relations -- South Africa , Corporate culture , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185460 , vital:44388
- Description: This research is a critical analysis of Shoprite’s annual reports particularly CEO/Chairman letters written to shareholders during and after the apartheid era. This paper aims at studying business communication at specific historical junctures using the critical hermeneutics. This is done to uncover the symbolic meaning in business communication which serves the interests of the socially and political powerful. Also, this paper will investigate the usefulness of the CEO/Chairman letters and examine if they give a true and fair view of the company or they are just a rhetorical tool used to convince stakeholders.
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A Meta-Analysis of Psychology Students’ Attitudes Towards Statistics to Address Statistics Anxiety In The Social Sciences
- Authors: Wagenaar, Emma Kate
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , College students -- Attitudes , Statistics -- Study and teaching , Anxiety , Performance anxiety , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185483 , vital:44390
- Description: Statistics anxiety is a well-documented phenomenon amongst students which is a result of negative attitudes towards Statistics. This is especially prevalent in the Social Sciences with Psychology students, where research indicates a relationship between attitudes and achievement in Statistics courses. This research project aimed to investigate this relationship. My study took the form of a meta-analysis comparing Psychology students’ attitudes towards statistics using the SATS, to their achievement in statistics/quantitative research methods courses. Results indicated a statistically significant relationship between the attitudes of Psychology students (r = 0.226, p is less than 0.05), quantified by their reported Affect, self-perceived Cognitive Competence, measure of Value and degree of Difficulty of Statistics, and their subsequent achievement in Statistics. The strongest correlations were noted for Affect (r = 0.247, p is less than 0.005) and Cognitive Competence (r = 0.29, p is less than 0.005) SATS scores. Heterogeneity was noted in Affect (I² = 30.998%) and Difficulty (I² = 54.248%). The study possessed limitations in the integration of other factors into the meta-analysis, availability of studies, and understanding of meta-analysis. Future Statistics attitudes research should include achievement measurements for more investigation into this relationship. This research will hopefully lead to more support in both quantitative research design and statistical training for postgraduate Psychology students at Rhodes University.
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- Authors: Wagenaar, Emma Kate
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , College students -- Attitudes , Statistics -- Study and teaching , Anxiety , Performance anxiety , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185483 , vital:44390
- Description: Statistics anxiety is a well-documented phenomenon amongst students which is a result of negative attitudes towards Statistics. This is especially prevalent in the Social Sciences with Psychology students, where research indicates a relationship between attitudes and achievement in Statistics courses. This research project aimed to investigate this relationship. My study took the form of a meta-analysis comparing Psychology students’ attitudes towards statistics using the SATS, to their achievement in statistics/quantitative research methods courses. Results indicated a statistically significant relationship between the attitudes of Psychology students (r = 0.226, p is less than 0.05), quantified by their reported Affect, self-perceived Cognitive Competence, measure of Value and degree of Difficulty of Statistics, and their subsequent achievement in Statistics. The strongest correlations were noted for Affect (r = 0.247, p is less than 0.005) and Cognitive Competence (r = 0.29, p is less than 0.005) SATS scores. Heterogeneity was noted in Affect (I² = 30.998%) and Difficulty (I² = 54.248%). The study possessed limitations in the integration of other factors into the meta-analysis, availability of studies, and understanding of meta-analysis. Future Statistics attitudes research should include achievement measurements for more investigation into this relationship. This research will hopefully lead to more support in both quantitative research design and statistical training for postgraduate Psychology students at Rhodes University.
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A Systematic Review of Literature examining the efficacy and effectiveness of the Developmental, Individual-Difference, Relationship-Based Model (DIR)/Floortime intervention for pre-adolescent children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders in majority world countries
- Authors: Hinz, Anja Stefanie
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Autism spectrum disorders -- Developing countries , Autism spectrum disorders -- Research -- Developing countries , Autism spectrum disorders in children , Autism in children -- Treatment , Play therapy , D.I.R.Floortime® , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185493 , vital:44391
- Description: The DIR/Floortime model focuses on the child as a holistic entity and views the treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders in much the same way, acknowledging that every child has a unique biological profile, with their own sensory, cognitive, and affective abilities and individual strengths and weaknesses. However, researchers have primarily conducted studies in minority world countries, and thus the results of previous research are not necessarily generalisable to majority world countries (see Appendix A). The objective of this systematic review was to consult published studies conducted in majority world countries to determine whether the DIR/Floortime interventions are effective and efficacious in the treatment of preadolescent children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders. As there is limited published literature on this topic, the methodological design of a systematic review was chosen, due to its ability to locate and highlight gaps in the literature for a specific topic. The findings highlight the need for more research to be conducted in other majority world countries and low-income and low-education families before determining whether the DIR/Floortime intervention is truly effective and efficacious in all majority world countries.
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- Authors: Hinz, Anja Stefanie
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Autism spectrum disorders -- Developing countries , Autism spectrum disorders -- Research -- Developing countries , Autism spectrum disorders in children , Autism in children -- Treatment , Play therapy , D.I.R.Floortime® , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185493 , vital:44391
- Description: The DIR/Floortime model focuses on the child as a holistic entity and views the treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders in much the same way, acknowledging that every child has a unique biological profile, with their own sensory, cognitive, and affective abilities and individual strengths and weaknesses. However, researchers have primarily conducted studies in minority world countries, and thus the results of previous research are not necessarily generalisable to majority world countries (see Appendix A). The objective of this systematic review was to consult published studies conducted in majority world countries to determine whether the DIR/Floortime interventions are effective and efficacious in the treatment of preadolescent children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders. As there is limited published literature on this topic, the methodological design of a systematic review was chosen, due to its ability to locate and highlight gaps in the literature for a specific topic. The findings highlight the need for more research to be conducted in other majority world countries and low-income and low-education families before determining whether the DIR/Floortime intervention is truly effective and efficacious in all majority world countries.
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A Systematic Review of parent-adolescent interactions about sexuality in the African context
- Authors: Mfenyana, Anelisa
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Sex instruction for teenagers -- South Africa , Parent and teenager -- South Africa , Teenagers -- Sexual behavior -- South Africa , HIV infections -- Prevention , HIV (Viruses) -- South Africa , Communication and sex -- South Africa , Health risk communication -- South Africa , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185576 , vital:44400
- Description: Research Objective: to analyse knowledge that has been presented in recently published articles on parent-adolescent sexuality interactions in the African context. Methods: The research is undertaken through a systematic review, using a specific Boolean search in the EBSCOhost database. After the search and screening processes, 27 articles published between 2000 and 2020 were included in the review. Results: The dominant theme across the reviewed papers was HIV in general and its prevention more specifically. This over-riding theme is dealt with accordingly to four main sub-themes, namely: parents’ and adolescents’ knowledge about HIV/AIDs; sexuality communication between parents and adolescents; the association between the aforementioned communication and adolescent sexual behaviour; and the effectiveness of numerous specific HIV prevention interventions. The vast majority of the reviewed papers use a mainstream theoretical framework and utilise quantitative research methods. Their findings and recommendations are in line with mainstream hypotheses and assertions about HIV prevention. Conclusions: Strong global institutional forces and power relations generate the mainstream knowledge contained in the published work considered in this review, and that this knowledge in turn further entrenches these power relations. It would be useful to conceptualise the dimensions and implications of an alternative, critical approach to HIV prevention and parent-adolescent sexuality communication as well as a more comprehensive approach to sexuality education (which includes more than knowledge transfer about preventing HIV).
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- Authors: Mfenyana, Anelisa
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Sex instruction for teenagers -- South Africa , Parent and teenager -- South Africa , Teenagers -- Sexual behavior -- South Africa , HIV infections -- Prevention , HIV (Viruses) -- South Africa , Communication and sex -- South Africa , Health risk communication -- South Africa , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185576 , vital:44400
- Description: Research Objective: to analyse knowledge that has been presented in recently published articles on parent-adolescent sexuality interactions in the African context. Methods: The research is undertaken through a systematic review, using a specific Boolean search in the EBSCOhost database. After the search and screening processes, 27 articles published between 2000 and 2020 were included in the review. Results: The dominant theme across the reviewed papers was HIV in general and its prevention more specifically. This over-riding theme is dealt with accordingly to four main sub-themes, namely: parents’ and adolescents’ knowledge about HIV/AIDs; sexuality communication between parents and adolescents; the association between the aforementioned communication and adolescent sexual behaviour; and the effectiveness of numerous specific HIV prevention interventions. The vast majority of the reviewed papers use a mainstream theoretical framework and utilise quantitative research methods. Their findings and recommendations are in line with mainstream hypotheses and assertions about HIV prevention. Conclusions: Strong global institutional forces and power relations generate the mainstream knowledge contained in the published work considered in this review, and that this knowledge in turn further entrenches these power relations. It would be useful to conceptualise the dimensions and implications of an alternative, critical approach to HIV prevention and parent-adolescent sexuality communication as well as a more comprehensive approach to sexuality education (which includes more than knowledge transfer about preventing HIV).
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A systematic review on nurses training in South Africa and its relevance during a pandemic
- Authors: Mookrey, Naadira
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa , Nurses -- Supply and demand -- South Africa , Nurses -- Job stress -- South Africa , Health care reform -- South Africa , Medical personnel -- South Africa , Medical education -- South Africa , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BSocSc(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185587 , vital:44401
- Description: This is a systematic review on the training and profession of nurses in South Africa. The researcher used an inductive thematic analysis to explore the themes that emerged from the literature. This review used peer-reviewed articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Sabinet and EBSCOhost and identified 17 articles that were relevant for the study between the timeframe of 1994-2020. The review was done using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis and 5 themes were found: Nursing Crisis; Challenges in Nursing; Training Gap; Transformation in Nursing and the Job Profile of Nurses. The study recommended that more research needs to be conducted in certain areas, for example in the Eastern Cape, and to provide better incentives to nurses for example, certificates upon completion of in-service training.
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- Authors: Mookrey, Naadira
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa , Nurses -- Supply and demand -- South Africa , Nurses -- Job stress -- South Africa , Health care reform -- South Africa , Medical personnel -- South Africa , Medical education -- South Africa , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BSocSc(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185587 , vital:44401
- Description: This is a systematic review on the training and profession of nurses in South Africa. The researcher used an inductive thematic analysis to explore the themes that emerged from the literature. This review used peer-reviewed articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Sabinet and EBSCOhost and identified 17 articles that were relevant for the study between the timeframe of 1994-2020. The review was done using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis and 5 themes were found: Nursing Crisis; Challenges in Nursing; Training Gap; Transformation in Nursing and the Job Profile of Nurses. The study recommended that more research needs to be conducted in certain areas, for example in the Eastern Cape, and to provide better incentives to nurses for example, certificates upon completion of in-service training.
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Abortion counselling in South Africa: A systematic review of the research
- Authors: Hussey, Megan Rose
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Abortion counseling -- South Africa , Reproductive rights -- South Africa , Unplanned pregnancy -- South Africa , Contraception -- Failures -- South Africa , Abortion -- Moral and ethical aspects -- South Africa , Abortion -- Psychological aspects , Nurses -- Attitudes , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185598 , vital:44402
- Description: The purpose of this systematic review is to unearth themes, using a thematic analysis, from research written on abortion counselling in South Africa. The rationale behind this study is to contribute to a larger project that involves operationalizing guidelines for abortion counselling. Searches were conducted using Google scholar and Science Direct. A total of 17 articles were found to be of relevance to the study. Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis was applied to these articles. Six broad themes arose from the data namely: experiences of women; nurses’ responses to abortion and objection to abortion services; failed contraception and repeat abortions; counselling methods: one size does not fit all; contextualizing abortion narratives and difficulties nurses face in implementing family planning. Overall, these themes were linked by a theme of ambiguity and contradiction in experiences. This was not only in-line with findings of other research in the field of abortion but further points to issues of standardization and deficits in abortion counselling guidelines. The lack of concrete guidelines may be linked with themes of nurses evaluating abortion seekers based on their own moral framework and values. Furthermore, deficits in counselling were found to be linked to barriers to access such as time constraints and structural issues. Lastly, counselling in almost all articles for analysis revealed that clinics and nurses treat counselling as synonymous with information sharing. This underlines that counselling guidelines are ambiguous and vague causing confusion between the difference between mandatory information sharing and non-mandatory counselling.
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- Authors: Hussey, Megan Rose
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Abortion counseling -- South Africa , Reproductive rights -- South Africa , Unplanned pregnancy -- South Africa , Contraception -- Failures -- South Africa , Abortion -- Moral and ethical aspects -- South Africa , Abortion -- Psychological aspects , Nurses -- Attitudes , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185598 , vital:44402
- Description: The purpose of this systematic review is to unearth themes, using a thematic analysis, from research written on abortion counselling in South Africa. The rationale behind this study is to contribute to a larger project that involves operationalizing guidelines for abortion counselling. Searches were conducted using Google scholar and Science Direct. A total of 17 articles were found to be of relevance to the study. Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis was applied to these articles. Six broad themes arose from the data namely: experiences of women; nurses’ responses to abortion and objection to abortion services; failed contraception and repeat abortions; counselling methods: one size does not fit all; contextualizing abortion narratives and difficulties nurses face in implementing family planning. Overall, these themes were linked by a theme of ambiguity and contradiction in experiences. This was not only in-line with findings of other research in the field of abortion but further points to issues of standardization and deficits in abortion counselling guidelines. The lack of concrete guidelines may be linked with themes of nurses evaluating abortion seekers based on their own moral framework and values. Furthermore, deficits in counselling were found to be linked to barriers to access such as time constraints and structural issues. Lastly, counselling in almost all articles for analysis revealed that clinics and nurses treat counselling as synonymous with information sharing. This underlines that counselling guidelines are ambiguous and vague causing confusion between the difference between mandatory information sharing and non-mandatory counselling.
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Gender in Dirty Work: A systematic literature review
- Authors: Thabethe, Ayanda
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Work -- Social aspects , Work -- Psychological aspects , Work -- Moral and ethical aspects , Work -- Physiological aspects , Quality of work life , Occupational segregation , Sex discrimination against women , Social constructionism , Dominance (Psychology) , Social influence , Discrimination , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185609 , vital:44403
- Description: For most individuals work is an integral part of life that serves the dual purpose of safeguarding survival and contributing to their self-defining process. However, through the ages society has created a clear division of what constitutes good and bad work (dirty work). This paper aims to locate gender equality in the discourse of what has been termed dirty work. It will argue that whilst we have made formidable strides in the equality of the sexes in the workplace, we must undoubtedly acknowledge that we still have a lot of work cut out for us. Ultimately, it is my aim to produce a systematic literature review that argues that this rings particularly true in the context of dirty work. It will therefore attempt to formulate a comprehensive understanding of the effect of being a woman in occupations that are marginalized and looked down upon by society. It will identify the gaps that need to be addressed through reviewing literature regarding gender and dirty work.
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- Authors: Thabethe, Ayanda
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Work -- Social aspects , Work -- Psychological aspects , Work -- Moral and ethical aspects , Work -- Physiological aspects , Quality of work life , Occupational segregation , Sex discrimination against women , Social constructionism , Dominance (Psychology) , Social influence , Discrimination , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185609 , vital:44403
- Description: For most individuals work is an integral part of life that serves the dual purpose of safeguarding survival and contributing to their self-defining process. However, through the ages society has created a clear division of what constitutes good and bad work (dirty work). This paper aims to locate gender equality in the discourse of what has been termed dirty work. It will argue that whilst we have made formidable strides in the equality of the sexes in the workplace, we must undoubtedly acknowledge that we still have a lot of work cut out for us. Ultimately, it is my aim to produce a systematic literature review that argues that this rings particularly true in the context of dirty work. It will therefore attempt to formulate a comprehensive understanding of the effect of being a woman in occupations that are marginalized and looked down upon by society. It will identify the gaps that need to be addressed through reviewing literature regarding gender and dirty work.
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Meta-analysis of the Cognitive Rehabilitation of patients living with HIV/AIDS: The case for Executive Functions
- Authors: Joka, Nicole
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Executive functions (Neuropsychology) , Neuroplasticity , Antiretroviral agents , HIV-positive persons -- Care , HIV infections -- Treatment , Cognition disorders -- Patients -- Rehabilitation , Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BSocSc(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185620 , vital:44404
- Description: In recent years, research has shown that cognitive decline occurs in patients living with HIV and studies have brought into light the different treatment interventions are available to prevent the rapid decline of cognitive functioning in these individuals. Thus, it is crucial that the effect that treatment interventions on the executive function of HIV patients is studied. One such intervention is brain plasticity. Through understanding the model of brain plasticity following traumatic brain injury, and applying cognitive rehabilitation as a method of treatment, researchers believe that it is possible to ameliorate the cognitive deficits. In the present times, access to pharmaceutical treatments like antiretroviral treatment has been more accessible to persons living with HIV, however studies continue to show that as the virus progresses into its severe stages, even with the consistent use of antiretroviral treatment, cognitive domains such the executive function domain continue to become compromised. This means that the individual living with HIV will begin to show deficits in attention levels, memory and important thinking abilities as the virus spreads throughout the central nervous system. This study provides a meta-analysis wherein an array of scholarly articles have been used to measure the efficacy that the model of brain plasticity and the application of cognitive rehabilitation therapy has on the executive function of HIV patients. The findings show improvement in the attention span, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, inhibition, and working memory levels of patients living with HIV after the implementation of cognitive rehabilitation intervention.
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- Authors: Joka, Nicole
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Executive functions (Neuropsychology) , Neuroplasticity , Antiretroviral agents , HIV-positive persons -- Care , HIV infections -- Treatment , Cognition disorders -- Patients -- Rehabilitation , Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BSocSc(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185620 , vital:44404
- Description: In recent years, research has shown that cognitive decline occurs in patients living with HIV and studies have brought into light the different treatment interventions are available to prevent the rapid decline of cognitive functioning in these individuals. Thus, it is crucial that the effect that treatment interventions on the executive function of HIV patients is studied. One such intervention is brain plasticity. Through understanding the model of brain plasticity following traumatic brain injury, and applying cognitive rehabilitation as a method of treatment, researchers believe that it is possible to ameliorate the cognitive deficits. In the present times, access to pharmaceutical treatments like antiretroviral treatment has been more accessible to persons living with HIV, however studies continue to show that as the virus progresses into its severe stages, even with the consistent use of antiretroviral treatment, cognitive domains such the executive function domain continue to become compromised. This means that the individual living with HIV will begin to show deficits in attention levels, memory and important thinking abilities as the virus spreads throughout the central nervous system. This study provides a meta-analysis wherein an array of scholarly articles have been used to measure the efficacy that the model of brain plasticity and the application of cognitive rehabilitation therapy has on the executive function of HIV patients. The findings show improvement in the attention span, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, inhibition, and working memory levels of patients living with HIV after the implementation of cognitive rehabilitation intervention.
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The Influence of Life Orientation Sexuality Education on Attitudes to Sex and Sexuality in South Africa: A Systematic Review
- Authors: Groth, Michelle
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Sex instruction for youth -- South Africa , Sexual health -- South Africa , Sexually transmitted diseases -- Study and teaching -- South Africa , Sex educators -- South Africa -- Attitudes , Youth -- Sexual behavior -- South Africa , Youth -- Health and hygiene -- South Africa , Youth -- Counseling of -- South Africa , Youth -- Attitudes , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185632 , vital:44405
- Description: Youth in South Africa experience significant sexual and reproductive health problems, including high rates of STIs, HIV, unwanted pregnancy and sexual violence. Life Orientation (LO) sexuality education has been identified as crucial in promoting young people’s well-being and equipping them to manage their sexual and reproductive lives in healthy ways. In this systematic review, a thematic analysis was conducted on 17 articles to identify and explore what themes were present in relation to the attitudes of educators in delivering sexuality education through LO and the influence of LO on youth attitudes to sex and sexuality. Of the 17 articles reviewed, six themes were identified and discussed. The findings highlight various shortcomings of LO in providing effective sexuality education and barriers that should be addressed to improve sexuality education in South Africa. To conclude, research that focuses on the attitudes of LO educators is important in order to identify areas in which they require increased support. In addition, research needs to continue to focus on the attitudes and experiences of youth through their own voices and perspectives in order to understand how sexuality education can meet their needs.
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- Authors: Groth, Michelle
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Psychology -- South Africa , Sex instruction for youth -- South Africa , Sexual health -- South Africa , Sexually transmitted diseases -- Study and teaching -- South Africa , Sex educators -- South Africa -- Attitudes , Youth -- Sexual behavior -- South Africa , Youth -- Health and hygiene -- South Africa , Youth -- Counseling of -- South Africa , Youth -- Attitudes , Systematic review
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BA(Honours)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/185632 , vital:44405
- Description: Youth in South Africa experience significant sexual and reproductive health problems, including high rates of STIs, HIV, unwanted pregnancy and sexual violence. Life Orientation (LO) sexuality education has been identified as crucial in promoting young people’s well-being and equipping them to manage their sexual and reproductive lives in healthy ways. In this systematic review, a thematic analysis was conducted on 17 articles to identify and explore what themes were present in relation to the attitudes of educators in delivering sexuality education through LO and the influence of LO on youth attitudes to sex and sexuality. Of the 17 articles reviewed, six themes were identified and discussed. The findings highlight various shortcomings of LO in providing effective sexuality education and barriers that should be addressed to improve sexuality education in South Africa. To conclude, research that focuses on the attitudes of LO educators is important in order to identify areas in which they require increased support. In addition, research needs to continue to focus on the attitudes and experiences of youth through their own voices and perspectives in order to understand how sexuality education can meet their needs.
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