Optimisation techniques to improve the drive efficiency of a mobile ventilator platform
- Authors: Imran, Mohammed Zaahid
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Artificial respiration , Respirators (Medical equipment) , Topology , Medical instruments and apparatus -- Design and construction
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64555 , vital:73749
- Description: COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the indispensable role of mechanical ventilators in providing critical respiratory support to patients. This research has focused on the imperative task of optimising the articulation system of the ventilator, designed to enhance its efficiency, with particular emphasis on improving the volume displacement from the ambu bag. Several optimisation methods were explored, including generative design (GD), Design of Experiments (DOE), Shape optimisation, and topology optimisation. The study also highlights the significance of additive manufacturing and material testing in developing ventilator components. The study delves into the intricate development and fine-tuning of the ventilator setup, emphasising its pivotal role in delivering life-sustaining respiratory aid. The ventilator’s core mechanisms, featuring a two-pusher arm system powered by a servo motor, was engineered intricately to apply precise pressure on the ambu bag. The research underscores the importance of optimising both the pusher arm and pressure plates to improve air displacement within the system. A significant challenge addressed in this research was the excessive strain on the servo motor owing to the demands of the articulation system. The research employed strategies such as shape optimisation and topology optimisation to reduce the stress on the articulation system while increasing the air displacement and thus reducing the pusher arm displacement on the ventilator. The research methodology included stages such as setting performance benchmarks, calibration, and verification to ensure precision and reliability; shape optimisation for maximum efficiency; and topology optimisation for superior structural performance and reduced weight. These interconnected stages were instrumental in the comprehensive development and enhancement of the ventilator system, ensuring its effectiveness and dependability in delivering lifesaving respiratory support.This research extensively examined sensor reliability and performance through verification tests and calibrations, highlighting the precision of the servo motor and the suitability of the 5-Amps current sensor for monitoring servo motor current without additional calibration. Optimisation efforts aimed to enhance the ventilators performance by relocating the pusher arm to the bag’s centre, resulting in improved volume displacement efficiency by 7.78 % and a 25.35 % reduction in current consumption. Shape optimisation, especially with curvature-based pressure plates, increased volume displacement by 84.47 % reaching an optimal configuration outputting 1475.73 ml of volume per compression. Understanding the forces through strain gauges and FEA facilitated topology optimisation, the MAXSTIFFDS15 configuration demonstrated promising results by reducing component weight and achieving significant energy savings of 45.04 %, potentially reducing long-term costs. , Thesis (MEng) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, School of Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Imran, Mohammed Zaahid
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Artificial respiration , Respirators (Medical equipment) , Topology , Medical instruments and apparatus -- Design and construction
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64555 , vital:73749
- Description: COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the indispensable role of mechanical ventilators in providing critical respiratory support to patients. This research has focused on the imperative task of optimising the articulation system of the ventilator, designed to enhance its efficiency, with particular emphasis on improving the volume displacement from the ambu bag. Several optimisation methods were explored, including generative design (GD), Design of Experiments (DOE), Shape optimisation, and topology optimisation. The study also highlights the significance of additive manufacturing and material testing in developing ventilator components. The study delves into the intricate development and fine-tuning of the ventilator setup, emphasising its pivotal role in delivering life-sustaining respiratory aid. The ventilator’s core mechanisms, featuring a two-pusher arm system powered by a servo motor, was engineered intricately to apply precise pressure on the ambu bag. The research underscores the importance of optimising both the pusher arm and pressure plates to improve air displacement within the system. A significant challenge addressed in this research was the excessive strain on the servo motor owing to the demands of the articulation system. The research employed strategies such as shape optimisation and topology optimisation to reduce the stress on the articulation system while increasing the air displacement and thus reducing the pusher arm displacement on the ventilator. The research methodology included stages such as setting performance benchmarks, calibration, and verification to ensure precision and reliability; shape optimisation for maximum efficiency; and topology optimisation for superior structural performance and reduced weight. These interconnected stages were instrumental in the comprehensive development and enhancement of the ventilator system, ensuring its effectiveness and dependability in delivering lifesaving respiratory support.This research extensively examined sensor reliability and performance through verification tests and calibrations, highlighting the precision of the servo motor and the suitability of the 5-Amps current sensor for monitoring servo motor current without additional calibration. Optimisation efforts aimed to enhance the ventilators performance by relocating the pusher arm to the bag’s centre, resulting in improved volume displacement efficiency by 7.78 % and a 25.35 % reduction in current consumption. Shape optimisation, especially with curvature-based pressure plates, increased volume displacement by 84.47 % reaching an optimal configuration outputting 1475.73 ml of volume per compression. Understanding the forces through strain gauges and FEA facilitated topology optimisation, the MAXSTIFFDS15 configuration demonstrated promising results by reducing component weight and achieving significant energy savings of 45.04 %, potentially reducing long-term costs. , Thesis (MEng) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, School of Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Characterization of stratified L-topological spaces by convergence of stratified L-filters
- Authors: Orpen, David Lisle
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Topology , Generalized spaces , Filters (Mathematics) , Topological spaces
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5402 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005216 , Topology , Generalized spaces , Filters (Mathematics) , Topological spaces
- Description: For the case where L is an ecl-premonoid, we explore various characterizations of SL-topological spaces, in particular characterization in terms of a convergence function lim: FS L(X) ! LX. We find we have to introduce a new axiom , L on the lim function in order to completely describe SL-topological spaces, which is not required in the case where L is a frame. We generalize the classical Kowalski and Fischer axioms to the lattice context and examine their relationship to the convergence axioms. We define the category of stratified L-generalized convergence spaces, as a generalization of the classical convergence spaces and investigate conditions under which it contains the category of stratified L-topological spaces as a reflective subcategory. We investigate some subcategories of the category of stratified L-generalized convergence spaces obtained by generalizing various classical convergence axioms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Orpen, David Lisle
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Topology , Generalized spaces , Filters (Mathematics) , Topological spaces
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5402 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005216 , Topology , Generalized spaces , Filters (Mathematics) , Topological spaces
- Description: For the case where L is an ecl-premonoid, we explore various characterizations of SL-topological spaces, in particular characterization in terms of a convergence function lim: FS L(X) ! LX. We find we have to introduce a new axiom , L on the lim function in order to completely describe SL-topological spaces, which is not required in the case where L is a frame. We generalize the classical Kowalski and Fischer axioms to the lattice context and examine their relationship to the convergence axioms. We define the category of stratified L-generalized convergence spaces, as a generalization of the classical convergence spaces and investigate conditions under which it contains the category of stratified L-topological spaces as a reflective subcategory. We investigate some subcategories of the category of stratified L-generalized convergence spaces obtained by generalizing various classical convergence axioms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Extension theorems on L-topological spaces and L-fuzzy vector spaces
- Authors: Pinchuck, Andrew
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Topology , Vector spaces , Generalized spaces
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5405 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005219 , Topology , Vector spaces , Generalized spaces
- Description: A non-trivial example of an L-topological space, the fuzzy real line is examined. Various L-topological properties and their relationships are developed. Extension theorems on the L-fuzzy real line as well as extension theorems on more general L-topological spaces follow. Finally, a theory of L-fuzzy vector spaces leads up to a fuzzy version of the Hahn-Banach theorem.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Pinchuck, Andrew
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Topology , Vector spaces , Generalized spaces
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5405 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005219 , Topology , Vector spaces , Generalized spaces
- Description: A non-trivial example of an L-topological space, the fuzzy real line is examined. Various L-topological properties and their relationships are developed. Extension theorems on the L-fuzzy real line as well as extension theorems on more general L-topological spaces follow. Finally, a theory of L-fuzzy vector spaces leads up to a fuzzy version of the Hahn-Banach theorem.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
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