Demographic change in the Upper Tsitsa Catchment: the integration of census and land cover data for 2001 and 2011
- Authors: Hodgson, Danuta Lorina
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Land use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Watersheds -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Thematic maps -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Population density -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Mzimvubu River Watershed (South Africa) -- Census , Upper Tsitsa Catchment (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/57296 , vital:26870
- Description: The purpose of this research was to determine if the integration of census and land cover data could provide evidence of spatial patterns and temporal change for the Upper Tsitsa Catchment. This thesis contributed to academic literature with regards to dasymetric mapping and provided a database for the Ntabelanga and Laleni Ecological Infrastructure Project. The study took place in the Upper Tsitsa Catchment which is located in the north-eastern region of the Eastern Cape and falls within the uMzimvubu Catchment. South Africa National Population Censuses for 2001 and 2011 and the National Land Cover data sets for 2000 and 2013/14 were used to create dasymetric maps depicting demographic changes over time for the catchment area. Spatial statistics were performed on the dasymetric and choropleth map to determine the accuracy of the data that was created. From the results, it was found that although the statistics were skewed, the method was more accurate in displaying the population densities, which was noted during the sampling process of the spatial analysis. It was found that there had been a decrease in the population density within the catchment. This affected the density of several other variables such as population race group, language and employment status statistics as decreases in these values could be due to individuals migrating out of the catchment as well as socio-economic upliftment, such as having better access to services. The use of dasymetric mapping allowed an accurate representation of the population density from the census data to be created. The results of the dasymetric mapping were more accurate as they depicted where the population within the enumeration areas were located, and recognised that some areas were populated while some areas were not. To conclude, it was found that using dasymetric mapping provided reliable and useful data about population density and enables comparison over time.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Hodgson, Danuta Lorina
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Land use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Watersheds -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Thematic maps -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Population density -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Mzimvubu River Watershed (South Africa) -- Census , Upper Tsitsa Catchment (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/57296 , vital:26870
- Description: The purpose of this research was to determine if the integration of census and land cover data could provide evidence of spatial patterns and temporal change for the Upper Tsitsa Catchment. This thesis contributed to academic literature with regards to dasymetric mapping and provided a database for the Ntabelanga and Laleni Ecological Infrastructure Project. The study took place in the Upper Tsitsa Catchment which is located in the north-eastern region of the Eastern Cape and falls within the uMzimvubu Catchment. South Africa National Population Censuses for 2001 and 2011 and the National Land Cover data sets for 2000 and 2013/14 were used to create dasymetric maps depicting demographic changes over time for the catchment area. Spatial statistics were performed on the dasymetric and choropleth map to determine the accuracy of the data that was created. From the results, it was found that although the statistics were skewed, the method was more accurate in displaying the population densities, which was noted during the sampling process of the spatial analysis. It was found that there had been a decrease in the population density within the catchment. This affected the density of several other variables such as population race group, language and employment status statistics as decreases in these values could be due to individuals migrating out of the catchment as well as socio-economic upliftment, such as having better access to services. The use of dasymetric mapping allowed an accurate representation of the population density from the census data to be created. The results of the dasymetric mapping were more accurate as they depicted where the population within the enumeration areas were located, and recognised that some areas were populated while some areas were not. To conclude, it was found that using dasymetric mapping provided reliable and useful data about population density and enables comparison over time.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Developing a citizen technician based approach to suspended sediment monitoring in the Tsitsa River catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Bannatyne, Laura Joan
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Sediments (Geology) -- Management , Sediments (Geology) -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Watersheds -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Suspended sediments -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Suspended sediments -- Monitoring -- Citizen participation , Tsitsa River
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62593 , vital:28211
- Description: Suspended sediment (SS) in channels is spatiotemporally heterogeneous and, over the long term, is known to be moved predominantly by flood flows with return periods of ~1 - 1.5 years. Flood flows in the Tsitsa catchment (Eastern Cape Province, South Africa) are unpredictable, and display a wide range of discharges. Direct, flood-focused SS sampling at sub-catchment scale was required to provide a SS baseline against which to monitor the impact on SS of catchment rehabilitation interventions, to determine the relative contributions of sub-catchments to SS loads and yields at the site of the proposed Ntabelanga Dam wall, and to verify modelled SS baselines, loads and yields. Approaches to SS sampling relying on researcher presence and/or installed equipment to adequately monitor SS through flood flows were precluded by cost, and the physical and socioeconomic conditions in the project area. A citizen technician (CT)-based flood-focused approach to direct SS sampling was developed and implemented. It was assessed in terms of its efficiency and effectiveness, the proficiency of the laboratory analysis methods, and the accuracy of the resulting SS data. A basic laboratory protocol for SSC analysis was developed, but is not the focus of this thesis. Using basic sampling equipment and smartphone-based reporting protocols, local residents at eleven points on the Tsitsa River and its major tributaries were employed as CTs. They were paid to take water samples during daylight hours at sub-daily timestep, with the emphasis on sampling through flood flows. The method was innovative in that it opted for manual sampling against a global trend towards instrumentation. Whilst the management of CTs formed a significant project component, the CTs benefitted directly through remuneration and work experience opportunities. The sampling method was evaluated at four sites from December 2015 - May 2016. The CTs were found to have efficiently and effectively sampled SS through a range of water levels, particularly in the main Tsitsa channel. An acceptable level of proficiency and accuracy was achieved, and many flood events were successfully defined by multiple data points. The method was chiefly limited by the inability of CTs to sample overnight rises and peaks occurring as a result of afternoon thunderstorms, particularly in small tributaries. The laboratory process was responsible for some losses in proficiency and accuracy. Improved laboratory quality control was therefore recommended. The CT-based approach can be adapted to other spatial and temporal scales in other areas, and to other environmental monitoring applications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Bannatyne, Laura Joan
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Sediments (Geology) -- Management , Sediments (Geology) -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Watersheds -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Suspended sediments -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Suspended sediments -- Monitoring -- Citizen participation , Tsitsa River
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62593 , vital:28211
- Description: Suspended sediment (SS) in channels is spatiotemporally heterogeneous and, over the long term, is known to be moved predominantly by flood flows with return periods of ~1 - 1.5 years. Flood flows in the Tsitsa catchment (Eastern Cape Province, South Africa) are unpredictable, and display a wide range of discharges. Direct, flood-focused SS sampling at sub-catchment scale was required to provide a SS baseline against which to monitor the impact on SS of catchment rehabilitation interventions, to determine the relative contributions of sub-catchments to SS loads and yields at the site of the proposed Ntabelanga Dam wall, and to verify modelled SS baselines, loads and yields. Approaches to SS sampling relying on researcher presence and/or installed equipment to adequately monitor SS through flood flows were precluded by cost, and the physical and socioeconomic conditions in the project area. A citizen technician (CT)-based flood-focused approach to direct SS sampling was developed and implemented. It was assessed in terms of its efficiency and effectiveness, the proficiency of the laboratory analysis methods, and the accuracy of the resulting SS data. A basic laboratory protocol for SSC analysis was developed, but is not the focus of this thesis. Using basic sampling equipment and smartphone-based reporting protocols, local residents at eleven points on the Tsitsa River and its major tributaries were employed as CTs. They were paid to take water samples during daylight hours at sub-daily timestep, with the emphasis on sampling through flood flows. The method was innovative in that it opted for manual sampling against a global trend towards instrumentation. Whilst the management of CTs formed a significant project component, the CTs benefitted directly through remuneration and work experience opportunities. The sampling method was evaluated at four sites from December 2015 - May 2016. The CTs were found to have efficiently and effectively sampled SS through a range of water levels, particularly in the main Tsitsa channel. An acceptable level of proficiency and accuracy was achieved, and many flood events were successfully defined by multiple data points. The method was chiefly limited by the inability of CTs to sample overnight rises and peaks occurring as a result of afternoon thunderstorms, particularly in small tributaries. The laboratory process was responsible for some losses in proficiency and accuracy. Improved laboratory quality control was therefore recommended. The CT-based approach can be adapted to other spatial and temporal scales in other areas, and to other environmental monitoring applications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- «
- ‹
- 1
- ›
- »