The relationship between psychological capital,life satisfaction and employee retention
- Authors: Van Greuning, Hester
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Employee Retention , Work -- Psychological aspects , Job satisfaction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45712 , vital:38957
- Description: South African organisations are faced with the challenge of retaining key and critical employee cohorts. externally focused methods and models of turnover and retention fail to comprehensively explain the lack of highly skilled employees and the inability of organisations to successfully retain these employee groupings. This nonexperimental correlational study investigated the relationship and interaction between the positive psychological constructs of psychological capital and life satisfaction and employee turnover intention of a South African sample of specialist and management level employees (n=150). The survey method was utilised to gather data for the study with a biographical questionnaire, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire-12 (PCQ-12), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Turnover Intention Scale-6 (TIS-6). Data analysis was conducted in the form of descriptive and inferential statistics including frequency tables, Cronbach’s Alpha testing, exploratory factory analysis, correlation analysis, t-tests, analysis of variance and structural equation modelling. The results indicated that significant relationships exist between psychological capital, life satisfaction and employee turnover intention. A substantial negative relationship was found between psychological capital and employee turnover intention, as well as a small, yet definite negative relationship between life satisfaction and turnover intention. Even though the results indicated a substantial positive relationship between psychological capital and life satisfaction, the relationship with employee turnover intention was insignificant when the two variables were correlated. This study adds to the current body of knowledge regarding employee retention in South Africa, and allows for a number of future research avenues to be explored.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Van Greuning, Hester
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Employee Retention , Work -- Psychological aspects , Job satisfaction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45712 , vital:38957
- Description: South African organisations are faced with the challenge of retaining key and critical employee cohorts. externally focused methods and models of turnover and retention fail to comprehensively explain the lack of highly skilled employees and the inability of organisations to successfully retain these employee groupings. This nonexperimental correlational study investigated the relationship and interaction between the positive psychological constructs of psychological capital and life satisfaction and employee turnover intention of a South African sample of specialist and management level employees (n=150). The survey method was utilised to gather data for the study with a biographical questionnaire, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire-12 (PCQ-12), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Turnover Intention Scale-6 (TIS-6). Data analysis was conducted in the form of descriptive and inferential statistics including frequency tables, Cronbach’s Alpha testing, exploratory factory analysis, correlation analysis, t-tests, analysis of variance and structural equation modelling. The results indicated that significant relationships exist between psychological capital, life satisfaction and employee turnover intention. A substantial negative relationship was found between psychological capital and employee turnover intention, as well as a small, yet definite negative relationship between life satisfaction and turnover intention. Even though the results indicated a substantial positive relationship between psychological capital and life satisfaction, the relationship with employee turnover intention was insignificant when the two variables were correlated. This study adds to the current body of knowledge regarding employee retention in South Africa, and allows for a number of future research avenues to be explored.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
The contribution of psychogenic factors limiting prolonged work performed at different relative intensities
- Authors: Rorke, Stafford Conroy
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Physical fitness -- Measurement , Physical fitness -- Psychological aspects , Work measurement , Work -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5103 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004772 , Physical fitness -- Measurement , Physical fitness -- Psychological aspects , Work measurement , Work -- Psychological aspects
- Description: This study investigated the physiological and psychological limitations to prolonged work performed at different relative intensities, through the use of an eclectic integrative methodology. Ten young male caucasian subjects (mean V0₂ max. 60,0 ml.kg⁻¹.min⁻¹ ± 7,9) were randomly exposed to treadmill runs at each of four relative intensities, namely 55%, 65%, 75% and 85% of V0₂ maximum, with the instruction to run to the point of subjective discomfort at which they were no longer willing to continue. Physiological measures of oxygen consumption (V0₂), heart rate (HR), respiratory exchange ratio (R) , minute ventilation volume (Vi), breathing frequency (Vf), tidal volume (Vt) and psychological measures of Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE), Perceived Thermal Comfo·rt (PTC), Perceived Pain and Perceived Fatigue were recorded throughout the protocol. The relative intensity was held constant by slight decreases in treadmill speed as subjects fatigued, and through feedback from an on-line oxygen consumption computer-aided data acquisition system. Significant increases in both physiological and psychological measures occurred with increases in relative intensity (p<0,05). HR and Vf increased overtime (p<0,05) whilst Rand Vt decreased over time (p < 0,05) . All psychological ratings increased in intensity over time (p < 0,05). Mean endurance times to exhaustion were 243 minutes ± 70 at 55% relative intensity, 159 minutes ±37 at 65%, 96 minutes ±25 at 75 % and 23 minutes +- 8 at 85%, being within the range reported by earlier researchers . A regression equation for prediction of endurance time given a known relative intensity was developed for this sample: % V0₂ max. = 117,8 + (-10,6 x LN (time)) (where r = -0,91) Convergence rankings indicate the greater contribution of local factors in the overall gestalt of perceived exertion, pain and fatigue, with biomechanical limitations to prolonged work (running) strongly implicated . High inter correlations between psychological rating scales suggest the use of the scale considered most applicable to the task at hand and the psychological response measure required. A coefficient of multiple correlation of 0,94 established the close interrelationship amongst the physiological and psychological parameters measured. Pre- and post-test Fatigue Cluster Analysis questionnaires indicated that the most important clusters contributing toward the sensation of fatigue and subsequent decision to cease activity were Task Aversion and General Fatigue (r = 0,96), followed by Leg Fatigue and Thirst. Motivation, the task at hand and an attainable goal appear to be important considerations in prolonged work performance. Relative intensity appears a valid tool for use in prolonged work studies due to its high predictive capacity for endurance performance times (r=-0,91). It is concluded that workloads considerably below 55% of maximal aerobic capacity are indicated as acceptable workloads for an 8 hour working day.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: Rorke, Stafford Conroy
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Physical fitness -- Measurement , Physical fitness -- Psychological aspects , Work measurement , Work -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5103 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004772 , Physical fitness -- Measurement , Physical fitness -- Psychological aspects , Work measurement , Work -- Psychological aspects
- Description: This study investigated the physiological and psychological limitations to prolonged work performed at different relative intensities, through the use of an eclectic integrative methodology. Ten young male caucasian subjects (mean V0₂ max. 60,0 ml.kg⁻¹.min⁻¹ ± 7,9) were randomly exposed to treadmill runs at each of four relative intensities, namely 55%, 65%, 75% and 85% of V0₂ maximum, with the instruction to run to the point of subjective discomfort at which they were no longer willing to continue. Physiological measures of oxygen consumption (V0₂), heart rate (HR), respiratory exchange ratio (R) , minute ventilation volume (Vi), breathing frequency (Vf), tidal volume (Vt) and psychological measures of Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE), Perceived Thermal Comfo·rt (PTC), Perceived Pain and Perceived Fatigue were recorded throughout the protocol. The relative intensity was held constant by slight decreases in treadmill speed as subjects fatigued, and through feedback from an on-line oxygen consumption computer-aided data acquisition system. Significant increases in both physiological and psychological measures occurred with increases in relative intensity (p<0,05). HR and Vf increased overtime (p<0,05) whilst Rand Vt decreased over time (p < 0,05) . All psychological ratings increased in intensity over time (p < 0,05). Mean endurance times to exhaustion were 243 minutes ± 70 at 55% relative intensity, 159 minutes ±37 at 65%, 96 minutes ±25 at 75 % and 23 minutes +- 8 at 85%, being within the range reported by earlier researchers . A regression equation for prediction of endurance time given a known relative intensity was developed for this sample: % V0₂ max. = 117,8 + (-10,6 x LN (time)) (where r = -0,91) Convergence rankings indicate the greater contribution of local factors in the overall gestalt of perceived exertion, pain and fatigue, with biomechanical limitations to prolonged work (running) strongly implicated . High inter correlations between psychological rating scales suggest the use of the scale considered most applicable to the task at hand and the psychological response measure required. A coefficient of multiple correlation of 0,94 established the close interrelationship amongst the physiological and psychological parameters measured. Pre- and post-test Fatigue Cluster Analysis questionnaires indicated that the most important clusters contributing toward the sensation of fatigue and subsequent decision to cease activity were Task Aversion and General Fatigue (r = 0,96), followed by Leg Fatigue and Thirst. Motivation, the task at hand and an attainable goal appear to be important considerations in prolonged work performance. Relative intensity appears a valid tool for use in prolonged work studies due to its high predictive capacity for endurance performance times (r=-0,91). It is concluded that workloads considerably below 55% of maximal aerobic capacity are indicated as acceptable workloads for an 8 hour working day.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
Factors contributing to occupational stress in student support staff in a Further Education and Training (FET) College in the Southern Cape
- Authors: De Klerk, Ulricha
- Subjects: Work -- Psychological aspects , Job stress -- South Africa -- Western Cape , College students -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10085 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020806
- Description: The main purpose of this study is to explore the factors that contribute to occupational stress as experienced by the Student Support staff in a Further Education and Training (FET) College in the Southern Cape. The Student Support staff has displayed many symptoms of stress over the past few years. This in turn has led to absenteeism, change in staff temperament, their feelings towards the College, motivation levels and a significant change in the staff’s day to day operations. Although the Head of Department for Student Support Services has engaged with the staff on numerous occasions to discuss the reasons for their experience of stress, no substantial reasons could be established in order to make the necessary changes in the department. No interventions that have been implemented to date have relieved the staff’s experience of stress. The researcher chose to use a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design to gain insight into the situation or phenomenon in order to identify the factors contributing to occupational stress and to identify measures that can be implemented to reduce occupational stress in the Student Support staff. The participants in this research included at least 10 Student Support staff within the Student Support Services Department at a Further Education and Training College in the Southern Cape. Purposive sampling was used in this research study. Interviews will continue until data saturation is achieved. The staff members must have been employed for at least one year in the Student Support Services Department. The researcher will make use of semi-structured interviews, observations and field notes. The data will be systematically collected and meanings, themes and general descriptions of the experience analysed within the specific context (de Vos, Strydom, Fouche & Delport, 2005). The researcher will make use of Tesch’s method of analysis, and use Guba’s strategies for ensuring Trustworthiness. The researcher will apply the ethical considerations of confidentiality, informed consent, ethical approval from relevant institutions, avoidance of harm to participants, truthfulness and the debriefing of participants when conducting this study. The findings were reported as three major themes and subthemes. The three major themes were; Student support staff identified several factors that contributed to occupational stress, Student support staff identified the effect that occupational stress has on them, Student support staff offered suggestions that the college could implement to reduce occupational stress. These themes were discussed and analysed in-depth.
- Full Text:
- Authors: De Klerk, Ulricha
- Subjects: Work -- Psychological aspects , Job stress -- South Africa -- Western Cape , College students -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10085 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020806
- Description: The main purpose of this study is to explore the factors that contribute to occupational stress as experienced by the Student Support staff in a Further Education and Training (FET) College in the Southern Cape. The Student Support staff has displayed many symptoms of stress over the past few years. This in turn has led to absenteeism, change in staff temperament, their feelings towards the College, motivation levels and a significant change in the staff’s day to day operations. Although the Head of Department for Student Support Services has engaged with the staff on numerous occasions to discuss the reasons for their experience of stress, no substantial reasons could be established in order to make the necessary changes in the department. No interventions that have been implemented to date have relieved the staff’s experience of stress. The researcher chose to use a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design to gain insight into the situation or phenomenon in order to identify the factors contributing to occupational stress and to identify measures that can be implemented to reduce occupational stress in the Student Support staff. The participants in this research included at least 10 Student Support staff within the Student Support Services Department at a Further Education and Training College in the Southern Cape. Purposive sampling was used in this research study. Interviews will continue until data saturation is achieved. The staff members must have been employed for at least one year in the Student Support Services Department. The researcher will make use of semi-structured interviews, observations and field notes. The data will be systematically collected and meanings, themes and general descriptions of the experience analysed within the specific context (de Vos, Strydom, Fouche & Delport, 2005). The researcher will make use of Tesch’s method of analysis, and use Guba’s strategies for ensuring Trustworthiness. The researcher will apply the ethical considerations of confidentiality, informed consent, ethical approval from relevant institutions, avoidance of harm to participants, truthfulness and the debriefing of participants when conducting this study. The findings were reported as three major themes and subthemes. The three major themes were; Student support staff identified several factors that contributed to occupational stress, Student support staff identified the effect that occupational stress has on them, Student support staff offered suggestions that the college could implement to reduce occupational stress. These themes were discussed and analysed in-depth.
- Full Text:
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