From conflict to negotiation: nature-based development on the South African Wild Coast. Special edition
- Palmer, Robin C G, Timmermans, Herman G, Fay, Derek
- Authors: Palmer, Robin C G , Timmermans, Herman G , Fay, Derek
- Date: 2002
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:543 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011730
- Description: The Rio Earth Summit of 1992 introduced several new approaches to environmental management under the general heading of sustainable development. One of these approaches has forced conservationists to concede that it is no longer feasible or ethical to exlude resident communities from protected areas, as had been the practice for more than a century. The alternative approach highlighting considerations of social justice and economic empowerment, is to recognise that humans are also part of the local ecology, and to find sustainable ways to maintain local livelihoods along with biodiversity. Especially in the global South, resource-dependant communities associated with protected areas had long been subjected to removals or restrictions by the state, and had been forced to modify livelihoods historically dependant on abundant natural resources, usually resulting in their acute impoverishment. Eastern and Southern Africa had been particulr sites of the former protectionist policies and their frequently tragic sequels for communities. Following the Summit much energy has been expended on finding sustainable alternatives to relocation in these regions, particularly new livelihoods linked to ecotourism From Conflict to Negotiation provides a South African case study of the shift from protectionism to sustainable development in the 1990's. Located on the wild coast of the Eastern Cape, Dwesa-Cwebe consists of a nature and marine reserve with eight adjacent resident communities that have historically depended on local forest, grassland and coastal resources. This are has been the focus of one of the earliest efforts in the 'new' South Africa to restore to the Xhosa-speaking residents ownership of the protected area from which they had been excluded for decades. Unusually the resident initiated the process. While others celebrated the advent of the new democracy in South Africa in 1994, the residents of this remote area, whose grieviences had been ignored during the political transition, planned a protest strategy featuring co-ordinated invasions of the protected area. The protest action succeeded to the extent that it gained massive media attention and provoked the special attention of national and regional goverment, non-govermental organizations (NGOs) and academic researchers. An early academic intervention designed to bring the residents and conservationists together was later expanded. Complementing the roles of goverment and NGOs, environmentalists and socio-cultural anthropologists, among others involved in this project, have attempted to address the conundrum of sustainable development policy implementation in a complex setting. From conflict to Negotiation details the findings of this pioneering research project. It is the story of local empowerment regained as confrontation yielded to negotiation and negotiation yielded co-management, local ownership and developmental partnerships. This landmark study will provoke ongoing discussion and research in an exciting new forum of community development.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Palmer, Robin C G , Timmermans, Herman G , Fay, Derek
- Date: 2002
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:543 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011730
- Description: The Rio Earth Summit of 1992 introduced several new approaches to environmental management under the general heading of sustainable development. One of these approaches has forced conservationists to concede that it is no longer feasible or ethical to exlude resident communities from protected areas, as had been the practice for more than a century. The alternative approach highlighting considerations of social justice and economic empowerment, is to recognise that humans are also part of the local ecology, and to find sustainable ways to maintain local livelihoods along with biodiversity. Especially in the global South, resource-dependant communities associated with protected areas had long been subjected to removals or restrictions by the state, and had been forced to modify livelihoods historically dependant on abundant natural resources, usually resulting in their acute impoverishment. Eastern and Southern Africa had been particulr sites of the former protectionist policies and their frequently tragic sequels for communities. Following the Summit much energy has been expended on finding sustainable alternatives to relocation in these regions, particularly new livelihoods linked to ecotourism From Conflict to Negotiation provides a South African case study of the shift from protectionism to sustainable development in the 1990's. Located on the wild coast of the Eastern Cape, Dwesa-Cwebe consists of a nature and marine reserve with eight adjacent resident communities that have historically depended on local forest, grassland and coastal resources. This are has been the focus of one of the earliest efforts in the 'new' South Africa to restore to the Xhosa-speaking residents ownership of the protected area from which they had been excluded for decades. Unusually the resident initiated the process. While others celebrated the advent of the new democracy in South Africa in 1994, the residents of this remote area, whose grieviences had been ignored during the political transition, planned a protest strategy featuring co-ordinated invasions of the protected area. The protest action succeeded to the extent that it gained massive media attention and provoked the special attention of national and regional goverment, non-govermental organizations (NGOs) and academic researchers. An early academic intervention designed to bring the residents and conservationists together was later expanded. Complementing the roles of goverment and NGOs, environmentalists and socio-cultural anthropologists, among others involved in this project, have attempted to address the conundrum of sustainable development policy implementation in a complex setting. From conflict to Negotiation details the findings of this pioneering research project. It is the story of local empowerment regained as confrontation yielded to negotiation and negotiation yielded co-management, local ownership and developmental partnerships. This landmark study will provoke ongoing discussion and research in an exciting new forum of community development.
- Full Text:
Rhodes University Research Report 2002
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2002
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:557 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011943
- Description: [From Introduction] This is the first formal research report published by Rhodes University in this format. Each Department’s/Faculty’s highlights have been included as provided by the Head of Department as well as the research outputs produced. In addition, a table of provisional subsidy units earned by each Department/Faculty have been included as there is often a misconception that one journal article equates to one subsidy unit. This is the case if all the authors are from Rhodes University but where joint articles are written, a pro-rata share is calculated. Likewise due to the complex funding formula calculated by the Department of Education, the total research outputs produced do not equate directly to the subsidisable units. Please note that "in press" articles in 2001 but published in 2002 have already been claimed in 2001 and hence will not appear in the table but are recorded in the report. Articles that have been submitted for possible publication have not been included in the table nor the report as there is no way of proving that the articles have been accepted for publication by the time our submission to the Department of Education was audited. Also please note that subsidy units earned for book/chapter/patent/conference proceedings publications are not included in the subsidy unit tables since we receive no feedback from the Department of Education in terms of which books/chapters/patents/proceedings are finally accepted for subsidy purposes each year. Only a small fraction of such books, chapters, patents and proceedings which are submitted actually receive subsidy. I would like to stress the need to publish in subsidisable journals and submit accurate information so that the University can claim as many units as possible. The total audited (but not yet awarded) publication subsidy units for journal articles which have been submitted to the Department of Education for 2002 is 206.64 units. The average number of units awarded for the past three years (1999-2001) was 205.35 units. Based on past performance, the University can expect to earn an additional ±11.85 subsidy units for book, chapters, patents and proceedings publications in 2002. Publications in current non-subsidy earning journals in 2002 amounted to 16.00 units. These have been forwarded to the Department of Education for consideration for subsidy purposes. Finally, I would like to add my congratulations to that of the Vice-Chancellor to all staff and postgraduate students for their research efforts in 2002.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2002
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:557 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011943
- Description: [From Introduction] This is the first formal research report published by Rhodes University in this format. Each Department’s/Faculty’s highlights have been included as provided by the Head of Department as well as the research outputs produced. In addition, a table of provisional subsidy units earned by each Department/Faculty have been included as there is often a misconception that one journal article equates to one subsidy unit. This is the case if all the authors are from Rhodes University but where joint articles are written, a pro-rata share is calculated. Likewise due to the complex funding formula calculated by the Department of Education, the total research outputs produced do not equate directly to the subsidisable units. Please note that "in press" articles in 2001 but published in 2002 have already been claimed in 2001 and hence will not appear in the table but are recorded in the report. Articles that have been submitted for possible publication have not been included in the table nor the report as there is no way of proving that the articles have been accepted for publication by the time our submission to the Department of Education was audited. Also please note that subsidy units earned for book/chapter/patent/conference proceedings publications are not included in the subsidy unit tables since we receive no feedback from the Department of Education in terms of which books/chapters/patents/proceedings are finally accepted for subsidy purposes each year. Only a small fraction of such books, chapters, patents and proceedings which are submitted actually receive subsidy. I would like to stress the need to publish in subsidisable journals and submit accurate information so that the University can claim as many units as possible. The total audited (but not yet awarded) publication subsidy units for journal articles which have been submitted to the Department of Education for 2002 is 206.64 units. The average number of units awarded for the past three years (1999-2001) was 205.35 units. Based on past performance, the University can expect to earn an additional ±11.85 subsidy units for book, chapters, patents and proceedings publications in 2002. Publications in current non-subsidy earning journals in 2002 amounted to 16.00 units. These have been forwarded to the Department of Education for consideration for subsidy purposes. Finally, I would like to add my congratulations to that of the Vice-Chancellor to all staff and postgraduate students for their research efforts in 2002.
- Full Text:
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