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An investigation into teachers' perceptions of female secondary school principals in Kwazulu-Natal

  • Authors: Ngcobo, Thandi Moira
  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Women school principals -- South Africa Sex discrimination in employment -- South Africa Teachers -- South Africa -- Attitudes School management and organization -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
  • Identifier: vital:1601 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003483
  • Description: There are few female teachers who hold principal positions in schools, especially in secondary schools. This study investigates teachers' perceptions of secondary school female principals' leadership abilities and styles.It also investigates whether teachers' perceptions are influenced either by their sexes or experience or lack of experience of working with female principals. The reseacher hopes that this research findings will help to either: develop and improve female leadership (where it is found to be wanting); and or influence authorieties to appoint more female teachers to head secondary schools. The literature surveyed revealed that the appointment of principals in seconday schools is discriminatory against female teachers. It further revealed that principals (mainly male) do not prepare female teachers for management and leadership positions. As a result female potential leaders become demotivated. This is unfortunate as research has found that female principals are as effective as leaders as male principals are. One disadvantage of having a small number of female leaders in education is that this results in an education that only reflects the male perspectives and values. This in turn alienates girls' perspectives from education. In order to establish teachers' perceptions of female secondary school principals a survey of the percptions of teachers in the Maphumolo circuit of female principals in this area was first carried out by means of a questionnaire. This was followed by a case study of one female principal. In depth, semi-stuctured interviews were undertaken with the principal and three teachers working with her in order to establish this principal's leadership style and the teachers' feelings towards her. A statistical analysis of the survey and a conten~ ~alysis of the case study were carried out. These revealed that the majority of teachers perceive female principals as effective and transformational leaders. These perceptions were found to be minimally influenced by either the teachers' sexes or experience of working with female principals. The..majority of those teachers who perceived female principals negatively tended to be males and to be from a group of teachers who had never worked with female principals. Recommendations for the increase of the number of female principals in secondary schools and for the improvement ofleadership in these schools are made.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

An investigation into the development, principles and practice of environmental interpretation in South Africa: a case study of the National Parks Board

  • Authors: Milne, Ian Bertram
  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: National parks and reserves -- South Africa Environmental education -- South Africa National parks and reserves -- Interpretive programs Conservation of natural resources -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
  • Identifier: vital:1604 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003486
  • Description: This study looks firstly at the historical background to conservation, particularly in the South African National Parks Board, and relates this to developments in interpretation in the National Parks. These are evaluated against international norms as they appear in the current literature. The aim is to establish a platform upon which future developments in interpretation may be built, avoiding the mistakes of the past, while capitalising on the strong points. Current views of what interpretation is, and what it should be, are reviewed. Knowing who the audience is, in terms of cultural background, education, needs and interests, as well as sound planning, clear objectives and ongoing evaluation of interpretive programmes, emerge as essential prerequisites for effective interpretation. Through reviewing the development and current status of interpretation in the National Parks, the study finds that although the view has been expressed by management, both past and present, that interpretation in the national parks is of great importance, the past and current status of interpretation does not reflect that view. Generally, interpretation appears to be regarded as a non-essential service. This report argues that environmental interpretation should be given a higher status in the National Parks Board and that it should form an important part of the conservation strategy and management plan for the national parks. The researcher contends that a greater investment in interpretation could lead to a decrease in the need for further, increased investment in law enforcement in the parks. The researcher is also of the opinion that interpretation aimed at all levels of personnel of the National Parks Board is at least as important as interpretation aimed at visitors.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

An investigation into the extent and nature of the understanding first year college of education students have of aspects of arithematic and elementary number theory

  • Authors: Oliphant, Vincent George
  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Mathematics teachers -- Training of Mathematics -- Study and teaching
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
  • Identifier: vital:1606 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003488
  • Description: First Year College of Education students who have done and/or passed mathematics at matric level, often lack adequate understanding of basic mathematical concepts and principles. This is due to the fact that formal tests and examinations often fail to assess understanding at anything but a basic level. It is against this background that this study uses alternative and more direct means of assessing the level and nature of the understanding such students have of aspects of basic arithmetic and number theory. More specifically, the goals of the study are: 1. To determine the students' levels of understanding of the following number concepts: Rational numbers; Irrational numbers Real numbers and Imaginary numbers. 2. To determine whether the students understand the rules governing operations with negative numbers and with zero as principles rather than conventions. 3. To determine whether the students understand the rule governing the order of operations as a matter of convention rather than as a matter of principle. A survey of the literature concerning the nature of understanding as well as the nature of assessment is given. The students' understanding in the above areas was assessed by means of a written test followid by interviews. A sample of 50 students participated in the study while a sub-sample of 6 were interviewed. Some of the significant findings of the study were : 1. The students largely failed to draw clear distinctions between Real and Rational numbers as well as between Irrational and Imaginary numbers. 2. Very few of the students could explain the rationale behind the rules governing the. operations with negative numbers and zero. 3. Only half of the students had any knowledge of the rule governing the order of operations. Only one student demonstrated an understanding of the rule as a convention.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

An investigation into the relationship between adolescent parasuicide, depressive illness and associated risk factors

  • Authors: Read, Gary Frank Hoyland
  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Youth -- Suicidal behavior , Depression in adolescence
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3116 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004615 , Youth -- Suicidal behavior , Depression in adolescence
  • Description: This study aimed at investigating the relationship between adolescent parasuicide, depressive illness and associated risk factors. Reports worldwide indicate that suicidal behaviour in this age group has risen 150% over the past 20 years, whilst the rate for suicide in adults and the elderly has remained the same (Deykin et al, 1985; Neiger & Hopkins, 1988; Sudak, Ford & Rushforth, 1984a). In South Africa statistics confirm similar trends with regard to attempted and completed suicide. Statistics reveal that a high local incidence of adolescent suicide attempters are seen at psychiatric units. One pilot study recorded 187 adolescent suicide attempters during a three month period. This study was based on the hypothesis that the incidence of depressive illness in adolescent suicide attempters is higher than is generally accepted and that this condition often goes unrecognised and is misdiagnosed because it manifests differently with acting out behaviour and "masked" symptomatology. A random sample of suicide attempters between the ages of 13 - 25 who presented at C23 (psychiatric emergencies) Groote Schuur Hospital following a suicide attempt were assessed. 100 subjects were seen over a period of three months. The research procedure comprised a comprehensive assessment incorporating a semi-structured interview, self-report and objective rating scales for depression as well as instruments designed to assess the general health of each subject and their level of suicide intent. The depressive inventories used have been validated for use in this age group and were designed to elicit the associated features of adolescent depression. If warranted, a clinical diagnoses was given based on DSM 1V criteria. This diagnosis was substantiated by information from the research instruments which formed part of the assessment process. A high incidence of clinical disorders was diagnosed in the sample (86%). Depressive illness was found to be a significant risk factor for suicidal behaviour with 68% of the subjects suffering from an affective disorder and 21% reporting depressive symptoms. This study shows that the correlation between parasuicide and depressive illness is high enough to suggest that all suicidal behaviour in this age group should be taken seriously as parasuicide in itself is often a reliable indicator of an underlying depressive condition. Additional risk factors for adolescent parasuicide identified in this study correlated well with the findings of similar research studies. Psychiatric co-morbidity, especially substance use (42%) and cluster B personality factors (54%), were high and served to increase an individual's vulnerability to suicide risk. Psychosocial factors such as sexual abuse (28%) and physical abuse (37%) were also identified as high risk factors for adolescent suicidal behaviour. Individuals at risk for depression and suicidal behaviour typically came from broken homes which were disrupted and unsupportive. Family members were frequently abusing alcohol and 67% of the subjects reported the presence of psychiatric illness in the family. The preferred method of suicide attempt was an overdose (90%). These attempts were generally unplanned and impulsive with no disclosure prior to the event. Intent was usually high at the time of the act. It is only through identifying the risk factors specific to the developmental concerns of this age group and acknowledging the role of depressive illness in adolescent suicidal behaviour that effective preventative measures can be devised.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

An investigation into the use of a nature reserve as a cross-curricular teaching resource

  • Authors: Luckhoff, Augusta Henrietta
  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Environmental education -- South Africa National parks and reserves -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
  • Identifier: vital:1616 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003498
  • Description: This study documents the development of the Queenstown nature reserve as a cross-curricular tea~hing resource. Participants in the project included the researcher, the municipality nature conservation officer and the senior Geography and Biology teachers from five high schools in the town. A modified action research approach was adopted. Data was collected from workshops and interviews and then analyzed. The conclusion of the research was that the participants perceived that the project had been worthwhile and was to be continued. The nature reserve is now more widely and usefully used
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Anaesthesia in abalone, Haliotis midae

  • Authors: White, Hermien Ilse
  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Abalones , Animal anesthesia
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:5216 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005059 , Abalones , Animal anesthesia
  • Description: The principle aim of this study was to isolate a chemical for the "safe anaesthesia" of abalone under commercial farming conditions. "Safe anaesthesia" implied that the anaesthetic had no immediate detrimental or long term sublethal effect on the abalone, that it was safe for the farmer, the consumer and the environment. Four chemicals, magnesium sulphate (MgS0₄), ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), 2-phenoxyethanol and procaine hydrochloride were shown to effectively inhibit the in vitro contraction of isolated tarsal muscle of Haliotis midae. This identified them as potential anaesthetics for abalone. Since abalone, like any other aquaculture species, would be subject to frequent size-sorting during the grow-out period, size related dosage tables were developed for the four chemicals at a temperature of 18⁰C. Dosage tables were also developed for benzocaine and carbon dioxide (C0₂), Three size classes (5-15, 20-50 and 60-90 mm shell length (SL)) of abalone were considered. Only three of the six chemicals, viz. MgS0₄, 2-phenoxyethanol and CO₂, met the criteria of an effective abalone anaesthetic in that they effected rapid and mortality-free anaesthesia. The other three chemicals caused mortalities and were considered to be unsuitable for commercial scale anaesthesia. Temperature related dosage tables were then developed for MgS0₄ and CO₂, MgS0₄ concentrations and CO₂ flow rates for effective anaesthesia in abalone were found to be inversely related to temperature. The three size classes of H. midae were intermittently exposed to MgS0₄ and 2-phenoxyethanol anaesthesia for an eight month period to determine the effect of the anaesthetics on growth rate. Because of an increased resistance to the efficacy of 2-phenoxyethanol and high monthly mortalities it was concluded that this chemical was unsafe and unsuitable for commercial use. MgS0₄, on the other hand, had no effect on growth of abalone and no significant effect on the rate of mortality. MgS0₄ also had no measurable effect on H. midae muscle ultrastructure and, by implication had no effect on flesh texture. The use of MgS0₄ as an anaesthetic would, therefore, not affect marketability. Moreover, no magnesium residues were found in H. midae muscle tissue after short term or intermittent long term exposure to MgS0₄ anaesthesia. It was found that the three size classes of H. midae used in this study could be safely exposed to the recommended MgS0₄ concentrations for up to 40 minutes without any mortalities. This is more than adequate for routine farming procedures. Medium size abalone (20-50 mm SL) were also safely exposed to 14 g.100 ml⁻¹ MgS0₄ for up to 6 hours without any mortalities. The results have shown that MgS0₄ was undoubtedly the best chemical that was evaluated for anaesthesia of H. midae in this study. It fulfils the requirements set forth by the U.S.A. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in that it is safe for the abalone, the farmer, the consumer and the environment.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Andilalang' ekhaya

Apartheid debt - The pension component

  • Authors: AIDC
  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Alternative Information & Development Centre (AIDC)
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/114703 , vital:34015
  • Description: The Alternative Information and Development Centre (AIDC) and the NGO Coalition have called upon the new democratic government of South Africa not to pay the apartheid debt, incurred by the previous regime. The Reconstruction and Development Programme is suffering under the weight of interest payments on the debts made by the apartheid regime. Our organisations have argued that this debt is an odious debt incurred in the process of maintaining the system of apartheid. While major organisations of civil society have shown great interest in this issue, business and government circles . have been sceptical. A consistent concern has been raised in relation to the impact of debt cancellation for state pension holders.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/52026 , vital:26150 , PIC/M 7421 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/52039 , vital:26151 , PIC/M 7422 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day (Picture 2)

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/51954 , vital:26142 , PIC/M 7417 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day (Picture 2)

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/51967 , vital:26144 , PIC/M 7418 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day (Picture 2)

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/51935 , vital:26141 , PIC/M 7416 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day - Eddie baart (4th from left) Len Paton 4th from left back)

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/52426 , vital:26189 , PIC/M 7411 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day 001 - Eddie baart (4th from left) Len Paton 4th from left back)

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/51491 , vital:26099 , PIC/M 7411 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day 002 Mark hazel left and Dave Woods

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/51508 , vital:26102 , PIC/M 7412 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day 003 (Picture 1)

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/51527 , vital:26105 , PIC/M 7413 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day 004 (Picture 1)

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/51572 , vital:26108 , PIC/M 7414 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day 005 (Picture 3) Don Maclennan

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/51612 , vital:26112 , PIC/M 7415 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Arbor day Derek henderson and Bruce Smith

  • Date: 1996
  • Subjects: Rhodes University -- History , Rhodes University -- Employees , Arbor Day -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/51985 , vital:26146 , PIC/M 7419 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
  • Full Text: false
  • Date Issued: 1996
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