Managing regrowth of an indigenous savanna tree species (Terminalia sericea) for fuelwood: The influence of stump dimensions and post-harvest coppice pruning
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181672 , vital:43757 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0961-9534(00)00086-6"
- Description: Most African savannas are subjected to harvesting of wood, especially for fuelwood, charcoal and construction timber. A key attribute of the resilience and productivity of savannas is the ability of damaged trees to regrow from the remaining stump. Survival of the cut stem and growth rate of the resultant coppice shoots is influenced by several factors, including size of the tree, cutting height and the root/shoot ratio after felling. Some of these can be manipulated to maximise subsequent regrowth, but this is little understood for most African savanna species. This study investigated the influence of original tree size, height of cut and post-harvest pruning on regrowth of Terminalia sericea. Regrowth was monitored as the number of coppice shoots, the mean coppice shoot length and the cumulative coppice shoot length per cut stump over four growing seasons. There was a positive relationship between cutting height and number of coppice shoots, but height of cut did not significantly affect mean or cumulative coppice shoot length. Larger stems produced more coppice and had greater mean and cumulative coppice shoot lengths than smaller stems. Post-harvest pruning increased the mean shoot length, but not the cumulative shoot length. After four growing seasons mean shoot length for the single shoot pruning treatment (one shoot left) was 54% greater than for the no prune treatment, whilst the double shoot pruning (two shoots left) was 40% greater. Extrapolated harvest intervals for fuelwood poles were 3–4 years for large stems, 4–5 years for medium-sized stems, and 4–9 years for small stems.
- Full Text:
Measuring the value of the arts to society: the importance of the value of externalities for lower income and education groups in South Africa
- Authors: Snowball, Jeanette D , Antrobus, Geoffrey G
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143134 , vital:38204 , https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2001.tb00034.x
- Description: Governments in many countries have cut their support of the arts on the grounds that it is the pleasure of the higher income, well educated members of society that they are sponsoring. In the 1980's government support of the arts, even in developed countries, fell by 30 per cent (Throsby 1994). While it is true that many studies have found that arts attenders represent the educated, prosperous minority of society (Morrison and West, 1986; Dobson and West, 1990; Hendon 1990), this paper argues that if the social as well as the more traditional economic measures of the value of the arts are considered, it can be shown that many of the positive externalties provided by the arts accrue to lower income and education groups.
- Full Text:
Mentoring and prospects for teacher development - a South African perspective
- Authors: Probyn, Margie J , Van der Mescht, Hennie
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Conference paper
- Identifier: vital:6090 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009744
- Description: School-based mentoring has developed in response to a number of factors pertaining to the pre-service education of student teachers and the in-service professional development of experienced teachers. Traditionally teacher education has consisted of university-based theory with school-based practice, based on an understanding of professional learning as ‘theory into practice’. One of the problems with this model is that theory may come to seem too remote from practice, and that practice appears untheorised by remaining implicit and unproblematised. The one-year teachers’ diploma course offered by the Rhodes University Education Department incorporates a ten-week teaching practice slot. This protracted period has been useful in allowing frequent and consistent contact between university tutors and student teachers, and between mentor teachers and student teachers. Where the system has not been strong is in enabling meaningful collaboration among all three parties. A pilot school-based mentoring programme was thus implemented in 1999, involving English First and Second Language student teachers, the two university tutors and seven mentor teachers. Ongoing evaluative research revealed that the programme was welcomed by all, and that the student teachers in particular gained much in the way of learning to be critically reflexive in a non-threatening environment. However, the research also uncovered areas that need to be developed. Student teachers, for example, need guidance in terms of learning how to talk about teaching; mentor teachers need to develop the confidence and expertise required to open up their practice in a critically constructive context. On the strength of the programme’s success, the Education Department has extended school-based mentoring to all HDE students, and is exploring ways of setting up courses through which other educators (such as EDOs) may receive training in pre- and in-service teacher mentoring.
- Full Text:
Novel approaches to the synthesis of quinoline derivatives
- Authors: Klaas, Phindile Jonathan
- Date: 2001 , 2013-04-26
- Subjects: Quinoline--Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4299 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004751 , Quinoline--Synthesis
- Description: The investigation has been concerned with the application of the Baylis-Hillman methodology to the synthesis of quinoline derivatives. An extensive range of novel Baylis-Hillman products has been prepared, typically in moderate to excellent yields, by condensing 2-nitrobenzaldehyde derivatives with various vinyl ketones and acrylic esters in the presence of diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO). Reduction of the nitro group in the Baylis-Hillman products was effected by catalytic hydrogenation in ethanol using a 10% palladium-on-carbon catalyst to afford quinoline, quinoline-N-oxide and quinolone derivatives. In all cases, it is apparent that cyclisation involves exclusive attack of nucleophilic nitrogen at the carbonyl centre, with acrylic ester derivatives affording quinolones and vinyl ketone derivatives affording quinolines and the corresponding quinoline-N-oxides. No products arising from a conjugate addition pathway were observed. The use of stannous chloride as an alternative reagent to effect reductive cyclisation of the Baylis-Hillman products has been explored, and found to favour the formation of 1,2- dihydroquinoline derivatives, with cyclisation occurring via a conjugate addition pathway. Isolation of the products, following work-up of the stannous chloride reactions, however, presented some difficulty. All compounds were characterised by spectroscopic (NMR and IR) and, where appropriate, elemental (high-resolution MS) analysis. Interconversion of the quinoline and quinoline-N-oxide derivatives has been explored and finally achieved in quantitative yields. Reduction of 2,3-dimethylquinoline-N-oxide to the corresponding quinoline was effected using phosphorus tribromide in DMF, and the reverse transformation with meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA) in CHCl₃. Application of these methods to mixtures of 2,3-dimethylquinoline and its N-oxide has afforded, selectively, either the quinoline derivative or the corresponding N-oxide. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
NUM Education strategic plan
- Authors: NUM
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/106445 , vital:32652
- Description: First we need to ask the obvious question, what is the purpose of a trade union education strategic plan? The answer is as follows,To enable the union to locate its educational concerns and plan its responses with due regard to available resources, and capacity. To ensure that there is a reference point for a thorough on-going assessment of progress. To help articulate a vision for the unions education which inspires and motivates all those concerned. This is critical to the long-term success of our union. Assessing and adopting strategic options requires a vision to help us locate and then analyse both external and internal conditions. It helps us to formulate manageable and realistic strategies to achieve agreed objectives. It helps us to implement our plans with a clear appreciation of our true capacity and to measure outcomes accurately
- Full Text:
Nurses' experience of contesting discourses in HIV/AIDS activities in the primary health care setting
- Authors: Tutani, Lumka
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Primary health care , AIDS (Disease) -- Nursing , AIDS (Disease) -- Patients -- Counseling of
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3074 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002583 , Primary health care , AIDS (Disease) -- Nursing , AIDS (Disease) -- Patients -- Counseling of
- Description: This paper explores the experience of nurses who work both as Primary Health Care Providers and counsellors trained in the narrative model of counselling in primary health care settings. Five focus groups were conducted in both Xhosa and English. Discourse analysis was used as a method of analysing the data. Training nurses in the narrative counselling model introduced an alternative discourse, which was experienced as contradicting their usual way of working. Two dominant discourses were the “not knowing” approach, assumed by the narrative model of counselling, and the “knowing” stance, assumed by health education. The institutionalised construction of counselling by doctors and matrons, and their power versus the power of the nurse counsellors was also cited as sources of conflict. Despite the tensions, narrative model of counselling seems to be offering new positions, which may benefit people living with HIV and improve HIV/AIDS activities in the Primary Health Care (PHC) context.
- Full Text:
Occupation-simulating isokinetic strength of infantrymen in the South African National Defence Force
- Authors: James, Jonathan P
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6748 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009328
- Description: Isokinetic work-simulation packages have not been widely exploited by researchers and this study aimed to assess how effectively occupation-simulating tasks could identify the capabilities of recruits and be applied in the military context. In this study the isokinetic strength responses of military personnel (N=42) were recorded and used to establish benchmark data on a population not previously tested.
- Full Text:
Parasitism of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae): field and laboratory observations
- Authors: Waladde, S M , Leutle, M F , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442239 , vital:73969 , https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2001.10634397
- Description: Investigations carried out at Alice and its rural environs in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, showed that parasitoids affecting the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) were Cotesia plutellae, Apanteles eriophyes, Diadegma sp., Diadromus collaris, Oomyzus sokolowskii and Hokeria sp. Cotesia plutellae was active all year round and accounted for 30–50% parasitism of P. xylostella. Field experiments using three cabbage cultivars, grown under pesticide-free conditions, indicated that C.plutellae achieved rates of parasitism as high as 90–95% for at least eight months of the year. In winter and early spring parasitism by C. plutellae was less than 30% in the field. This level of parasitism coincided with rising pest density resulting in a pest increase in early spring when C. plutellae appeared unable to control the high pest numbers. Towards the latter part of spring and early summer, C. plutellae parasitism and that of the other parasitoids increased. The possibility of using indigenous parasitoids especially C. plutellae in the management of P. xylostella in this area requires further investigation.
- Full Text:
Photochemical studies of tetra-2, 3-pyridinoporphyrazines
- Authors: Seotsanyana-Mokhosi, Itumeleng , Kuznetsova, Nina , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/291580 , vital:56889 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(01)00427-0"
- Description: Tetra-2,3-pyridinoporphyrazines and the corresponding water-soluble N,N′,N′′,N′′′-tetramethyl-tetra-2,3-pyridinoporphyrazine complexes, containing central metal atoms; M=Ge, Sn, Si and Zn, were synthesized and their photochemical properties were investigated. The reductive quenching of pyridinoporphyrazines excited states, enhanced relative to phthalocyanines, was considered as the first photochemical step of dyes phototransformation in dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solutions under irradiation with visible light. Efficiency of singlet oxygen photosensitization decreases significantly in the row phthalocyanines, unquaternized, quaternized tetra-2,3-pyridinoporphyrazine metallocomplexes.
- Full Text:
Photosensitizing properties of non-transition metal porphyrazines towards the generation of singlet oxygen
- Authors: Seotsanyana-Mokhosi, Itumeleng
- Date: 2001 , 2013-05-02
- Subjects: Phthalocyanines , Photosensitization, Biological , Active oxygen -- Physiological effect , Photosensitizing compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4395 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006086 , Phthalocyanines , Photosensitization, Biological , Active oxygen -- Physiological effect , Photosensitizing compounds
- Description: Metallophthalocyanine complexes containing non-transition metals are very useful as sensitizers for photodynamic therapy, a cure for cancer that is based on visible light activation of tumour localized photo sensitizers. Excited sensitizers generate singlet oxygen as the main hyperactive species that destroy the tumour. Water soluble sensitizers are sought after for the convenience of delivery into the body. Thus, phthalocyanine (pc), tetrapyridinoporphyrazines (tppa) and tetramethyltetrapyridinoporphyrazines (tmtppa) with non-transition central metal atoms of Ge, Si, Sn and Zn were studied. First was the synthesis of these complexes, followed by their characterisation. The characterisation involved the use of ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electrochemical properties and elemental analysis. Photochemical properties of the complexes were then investigated. Photolysis of these macrocycles showed two processes; -reduction of the dye and photobleaching, which leads to the disintegration of the conjugated chromophore structure of the dye. Photobleaching is the reductive quenching of the excited state of the sensitizers. The intensity of the quenching decreased progressively from tmtppa, tppa to pc metal complexes with photobleaching quantum yields, 6.6 x 10.5⁻¹, 1.8 x 10.5⁻¹ and 5.4 x 10⁻⁶ for Zntmtppa, Zntppa and Znpc, respectively. Efficiency of singlet oxygen sensitization is solvent dependent with very different values obtained for the same compound in different solvents, for example, 0.25 and 0.38 were observed as singlet oxygen quantum yields for Gepc complex in DMSO and DMF respectively. In DMSO the efficiency of ¹O₂ generation decrease considerably from pc to tppa and finally tmtppa. In water Getmtppa exhibits much higher singlet oxygen quantum yield, hence promising to be effective as a sensitizer for photodynamic therapy.
- Full Text:
Plaatje's African romance: the translation of tragedy in Mhudi and other writings
- Authors: Walter, Brian Ernest
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Plaatje, Sol. T. (Solomon Tshekisho), 1876-1932. Mhudi Race in literature Politics in literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2188 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002230
- Description: This study brings together Plaatje’s politicaland literary visions, arguing that the one informs the other. Plaatje’s literary work is used as a starting point for the discussion, and the first chapter explores the relationship of his political and artistic visions. Mhudi is his definitive romance text, and it is argued that Plaatje’s romance visionin this text is reflected in his political thinking, and in turn reflected by it. His romance work was part of a literary romance tradition which Plaatje both drew upon and transformed, and thus the basic features of romance are explored in Chapter Two. Plaatje’s work is situated between two influential romance models, therefore Chapter Two also discusses the romances of Shakespeare, whomPlaatje read as reflectinga non-racial humanism that was translatable into the African context, in terms of political vision and of literary text. His other models were the colonial romances of Haggard. It is argued that, while Plaatje could glean many elements fromHaggardthat suited his purposes as an African, specifically a SouthAfrican, writer, he nevertheless—despite his own pro-British leanings, qualified though they might have been by the complexities of his colonial context—would not have represented Africa and Africans in terms of the exotic other in the way Haggard clearly did. Thus Plaatje, in terms of his romance vision, may have usedmanyofthe themesand techniques of Haggardianromance, but consistently qualified these colonial works by using the more classically shaped Shakespearean romance structure at the deep level of his work. The third chapter examines Haggard’s romance, but differentiates between two Haggardian types, the completed or resolved romance, whichis more classical in its form, and evokes an image of a completed quest, as well as the necessity of the quester entering the world again. Haggard’s “completed” African romance, it is argued, is resolved only in terms of a colonial vision. Chapter Four, by contrast, examines examples of his unresolved African romance, in which African ideals implode, and show themselves to be inneed of foreign intervention. It is argued that Haggard’s image of Africa was based on the unresolved or incomplete romance. His vision of Africa was such that it could not in itself provide the materialfor completed romance. This vision saw intervention as the only option for South Africa. While Plaatje uses elements of Haggard’s “incomplete” romance models when writing Mhudi, he handles both his narrative and politicalcommentaryin this text in terms of his own politicalthought. This non-racial politicalvisionis guided by his belief that virtue and vice are not the monopoly of any colour, a non-racialism he associates with Shakespeare. However, within the context of the South Africa of his fictionand of his life, this non-racial ideal is constantly under threat. It is partly threatened by political forces, but also challenged by moral changes within individuals and societies. In Chapter Five the examination of Plaatje’s work begins withhis Boer War Diary, inwhicha romance structure is sought beneath his diurnal observations and political optimismduring a time of warfare and siege. The discussion of this text is followed by a reading of Native Life in South Africa in which it is argued that Plaatje looks, in the midst of personal and social suffering, for that which can translate a tragic situation into romance resolution. “Translation” is used in a broad sense, echoing Plaatje’s view of the importance of translation for cross-cultural understanding and harmony. The arguments of Chapter Five are extended into Chapter Six, where a reading of Mhudi places emphasis on the possibilities of change implied in romance. Plaatje’s non-racial humanism recognizes the great potential for injustice and human suffering within the context of South African racism, but constantly seeks to translate such suffering into the triumph of romance. While the narrative of Mhudi concludes on a romance peak, tensions between the tragic and romance possibilities alert the reader to the sense that, despite its romance resolution, something has been lost in the translation of the potential tragedy into romance.
- Full Text:
Population structure of Apis mellifera scutellata (Hymenoptera: Apidae) filling the Uganda gap
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452017 , vital:75095 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32956
- Description: Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae) extends from South Africa to Ethiopia but includes local populations of varying morphology. The honeybees of Uganda previously represented an important biogeographical gap in defining the population structure of A. m. scutellata, but have now been resolved by morphometric analyses of worker honeybees analysed with multivariate techniques. Honeybees of lower altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed one distinct morphocluster typical of A. m. scutellata throughout the continent, while those at higher altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed a separate distinct cluster of large, dark bees. The latter occur as an archipelago of mountain ecotypes of A. m. scutellata..
- Full Text:
Population structure of Apis mellifera scutellata (Hymenoptera: Apidae) filling the Uganda gap
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452021 , vital:75096 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32956
- Description: Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae) extends from South Africa to Ethiopia but includes local populations of varying morphology. The honeybees of Uganda previously represented an important biogeographical gap in defining the population structure of A. m. scutellata, but have now been resolved by morphometric analyses of worker honeybees analysed with multivariate techniques. Honeybees of lower altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed one distinct morphocluster typical of A. m. scutellata throughout the continent, while those at higher altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed a separate distinct cluster of large, dark bees. The latter occur as an archipelago of mountain ecotypes of A. m. scutellata..
- Full Text:
Preliminary observations on the effects of hydrocortisone and sodium methohexital on development of Sarcophaga (Curranea) tibialis Macquart (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), and implications for estimating post mortem interval
- Authors: Musvasva, E , Williams, Kirstin A , Muller, Nikite W J , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7075 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009532
- Description: Larvae of Sarcophaga (Curranea) tibialis (S. tibialis) were reared at constant temperature on chicken liver treated with a steroid or a barbiturate at concentrations that would be lethal, half-lethal and twice-lethal doses for humans. Trends to greater mortality at higher drug concentrations were not statistically significant. Larvae exposed to either drug took significantly longer to reach pupation compared to those in the control, while larvae exposed to sodium methohexital passed through pupation significantly faster than those in the control. No systematic relationship was found between drug concentration and development time of larvae or pupae. The total developmental period from hatching to eclosion did not differ between treatments, implying that estimates of post mortem intervals- (PMI) based on the emergence of adult flies will not be affected by the involvement of these drugs in a case. On the other hand, anomalous pupation spans may indicate the presence of barbiturates. These findings are compared with patterns found in another fly fed other contaminants.
- Full Text:
Processes and products in the kimberlitic crater facies of the south lobe, Jwaneng Mine, Botswana
- Authors: Machin, Kimberley
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Kimberlite -- Jwaneng (Botswana)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4995 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005607 , Kimberlite -- Jwaneng (Botswana)
- Description: The Pennian (~ 245 Ma) Jwaneng kimberlite, situated in southern Botswana, comprises three steep-sided pipes that coalesce approximately 100m below the present day surface to fonn a 54ha body. These pipes have been labelled the South, Centre and North Lobes. The kimberlites intruded a thick sequence of Proterozoic shales, dolomites and sandstones and a thin veneer of consolidated to poorly consolidated mudstones and siltstones of the Karoo Supergroup. Although the shapes of these pipes are comparable to other southern African pipes, they are filled predominantly with crater facies volcaniclastic kimberlite. No tuffisitic kimberlite breccia, the characteristic rock type of the diatremes of other southern African pipes, has yet been identified. The Jwaneng kimberlite thus represents an exception to the standard model for southern African kimberlites, implying that different processes need to be invoked to explain its fonnation. The present study involves a detailed volcanological and sedimentological analysis of the volcaniclastic fill of the Jwaneng South Lobe. Two principal and distinct lithofacies have been identified: the quartz-free RVK facies and the quartz-bearing QRVK facies. Both facies include fine to coarse grained, predominantly massive and subordinate chaotically bedded deposits. The volcaniclastic rocks have been classified as resedimented volcaniclastic kimberlite (RVK) , since their deposition is ascribed to mechanisms dominated by mass flow processes. Based on certain characteristics and differences between the two principal facies, and their spatial distribution within the pipe, they are interpreted as being the products of at least two separate eruption episodes. Certain characteristics (e.g. }hape, granularity~ of the juvenile· magma clasts III the volcaniclastic kimberlite suggest complete crystallisation and devolatilisation of the magma at depth prior to explosive fragmentation. A scenario in which this might have occurred, and which led to catastrophic explosive eruption and pipe excavation is proposed. Explosive eruption and associated tuff cone formation is followed by resedimentation of the material back into the pipe by mass flow processes. Mass flow processes are dominated by debris flow, with lesser grain flow, hyperconcentrated flow and subaqueous mud flow and suspension settling of muddy kimberlitic sediments. Geochemical analyses of the latter indicate a high degree of contamination and weathering, and mixing between pristine kimberlite and silicic shale/mud compositions. Failure and collapse of parts of the underlying pipe walls yielded megablocks of poorly consolidated Permian Karoo mudstone in the peripheral zone of the pipe. This source of the megablocks is supported by their bulk chemical composition. Minor phreatic/phreatomagmatic eruptions are suggested by the presence of rare accretionary and armoured lapilli within both the QRVK and RVK facies. Subsidence of the volcaniclastic pipe fill, inferred mainly from the oversteepened dips of the bedded QRVK and RVK facies, may be related to gravity-induced compaction, late-stage phreatomagmatic eruptions or eruption ofthe adjacent Centre Lobe.
- Full Text:
Project 1 - Student teachers' exploration of beadwork : cultural heritage as a resource for mathematical concepts
- Authors: Dabula, Nomonde Patience
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Ethnomathematics , Beadwork -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Beadwork , Mathematics -- Study and teaching , Culture -- Study and teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:1415 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003292
- Description: This portfolio consists of three research projects that predominantly lie within the socio-cultural strand. The first project is a qualitative ethnomathematical study that links students' knowledge of mathematics to their cultural heritage. The study was conducted with a group of final year student teachers at a College of Education in Umtata, Eastern Cape. These students visited a city museum where mathematics concepts were identified from beadwork artifacts. Mathematics concepts that were identified consisted of symmetry, tessellation and number patterns. Students' views about the nature of mathematics shifted radically after their own explorations. Initially students did not perceive mathematics as relating to socio-cultural practices. But now, they have reviewed their position and see mathematics as inextricably interwoven in everyday activities and as such, a product of all cultures. They also pride themselves of their own cultural heritage to have mathematical connections. A more positive attitude towards studying mathematics in this approach was noticed. Data was collected by means of interviews, reflective journal entries and photographs. The second project is a survey with a group of practising teachers who have already implemented Curriculum 2005, and a group which is about to implement it in 2001. The study sought teachers' understanding of connections between mathematics and socio-cultural issues. The new mathematics curriculum in South Africa calls for teachers to grapple well with these issues. About a third of the articulated specific outcomes specifically relate to socio-cultural issues. If teachers' understanding of these issues is poor, implementation of the new curriculum will remain a mere dream. The findings of the survey revealed that the majority of teachers could not identify the culture related specific outcomes in the new mathematics curriculum. Complicated language used in the OBE policy documents was found to inhibit meaning to these teachers. Although, all teachers showed a positive attitude towards the inclusion of socio-cultural issues in the mathematics classroom, the implementation of these outcomes was found to be very problematic. In this survey data was collected by means of questionnaires. The third project is a literature review on the need to popularise mathematics to students in particular, and to the broader public in general. The 21 st century places great technological demands. Mathematics underpins most thinking behind technological development. The role played by mathematics in advancing other fields is largely hidden to the majority of people. There is, therefore, a need to bring forth the vital role that mathematics plays in these fields. The number of students participating in mathematics is decreasing. Mathematics, as a field, is experiencing competition from other science fields. There is a need to bring some incentives to attract more students into this field and retain those mathematicians already involved. Also important, is the need to change the negative image that the public often holds about mathematics. Many people are mathematically illiterate and do not see mathematics as an everyday activity that relates to their needs. There is, therefore, a need to change the face of mathematics.
- Full Text:
Pseudocloeon cataractae (Crass)(Ephemeroptera: Baetidae): new combination and lectotype designation
- Authors: Lugo-Ortis, C R , de Moor, Ferdy C
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452189 , vital:75110 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32950
- Description: Considerable clarification of taxonomic concepts and phylogenetic relationships within small minnow mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) has resulted from recent studies involving Afro-tropical genera and species (Lugo-Ortiz and McCafferty 1996a, b, 1997a, b, 1998a-c; Barber-James and McCafferty 1997; McCafferty et al. 1997; Lugo-Ortiz et al. 1999; Lugo-Ortiz et al. 2001).
- Full Text:
Re-examining local and market-orientated use of wild species for the conservation of biodiversity
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6655 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007071
- Description: The hypothesis of attaching and realising market values as one means of conserving biodiversity has gained ground over the last decade. This has been challenged recently after examination of a number of case studies, largely from tropical Amazonia, on high value logging, marketing of non-timber forest products, and bioprospecting. The conclusion was that market-orientated conservation has seldom generated the financial returns envisaged, and as such cannot be used as an incentive to prevent land transformation. This paper reviews the basis of the challenge to market-orientated conservation on a number of grounds, drawing on examples largely from southern Africa. It concludes that generalizations from tropical Amazonia regarding the failure of market-orientated conservation are probably premature, and that it should remain an option, amongst a number of options, for conservation of biodiversity. Additionally, the prerequisite criteria identified as necessary to create an enabling framework for the success of market-orientated conservation are insufficient. Case studies are presented where the prerequisites do not apply, yet current extraction for market purposes is sustainable. Other potential prerequisites are also considered. There is a need for multivariate analysis, based on a large sample size drawn from across a range of environments and resources, of which factors are important prerequisites for successful market-orientated conservation, and under which circumstances.
- Full Text:
Recruiters Guidelines
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/109753 , vital:33186
- Description: The purpose of this booklet is to touch in number of areas, which are important at this point for the recruitment campaign of the federation. It is not meant even by implication to provide details of how to handle the campaign what it does is to highlight issues and areas that we must think in the preparation for this campaign. More importantly is the fact that COSATU remains the biggest federation in South Africa and fastest growing international. Beside a loss of membership from + 2 million to + 1.8 million members. The decrease in membership is mostly because of retrenchments. The well known fact is that only about 40% of the workforce that is unionized. The aim of the recruitment drive is to access this 60% that is not unionized. The mistake must not be committed to think that the 40%, which is unionized, belong to COSATU. There are two other federations plus number of non-affiliated unions. Our commitment to One Country One Federation does not stop us to recruit from other unions as long as we remain under different bodies. This October campaign coincides with Red October campaign of the SACP and Health and Safety month of the federation this must be seen as strength than lack of co-ordination. One area that is link to recruitment is the servicing of membership. It is useless to recruit and fail to service membership because every campaign that we will take around recruitment we may find ourselves had to fight with disgruntled members and obviously it will be difficult to attract new members. This must say to us that members come first.
- Full Text:
Recruiters Guidelines
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/137210 , vital:37498
- Description: The purpose of this booklet is to touch in number of areas, which are important at this point for the recruitment campaign of the federation. It is not meant even by implication to provide details of how to handle the campaign what it does is to highlight issues and areas that we must think in the preparation for this campaign. More importantly is the fact that COSATU remains the biggest federation in South Africa and fastest growing international. Beside a loss of membership from + 2 million to + 1.8 million members. The decrease in membership is mostly because of retrenchments. The well known fact is that only about 40% of the workforce that is unionized. The aim of the recruitment drive is to access this 60% that is not unionized. The mistake must not be committed to think that the 40%, which is unionized, belong to COSATU. There are two other federations plus number of non-affiliated unions. Our commitment to One Country One Federation does not stop us to recruit from other unions as long as we remain under different bodies. This October campaign coincides with Red October campaign of the SACP and Health and Safety month of the federation this must be seen as strength than lack of co-ordination. One area that is link to recruitment is the servicing of membership. It is useless to recruit and fail to service membership because every campaign that we will take around recruitment we may find ourselves had to fight with disgruntled members and obviously it will be difficult to attract new members. This must say to us that members come first.
- Full Text: