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Use of indigenous and indigenised medicines to enhance personal well-being: a South African case study

- Cocks, Michelle L, Moller, Valerie

Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Moller, Valerie
Date: 2002
Language: English
Type: Article
Identifier: vital:7106 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010679
Description: An estimated 27 million South Africans use indigenous medicines (Mander, 1997, Medicinal plant marketing and strategies for sustaining the plant supply in the Bushbuckridge area and Mpumalanga Province. Institute for Natural Resources, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa). Although herbal remedies are freely available in amayeza stores, or Xhosa chemists, for self-medication, little is known about the motivations of consumers. According to African belief systems, good health is holistic and extends to the person's social environment. The paper makes a distinction between traditional medicines which are used to enhance personal well-being generally and for cultural purposes, on the one hand, and medicines used to treat physical conditions only, on the other. Drawing on an eight-month study of Xhosa chemists in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, in 1996, the paper identifies 90 medicines in stock which are used to enhance personal well-being. Just under one-third of all purchases were of medicines to enhance well-being. Remedies particularly popular included medicines believed to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck. The protection of infants with medicines which repel evil spirits is a common practice. Consumer behaviours indicate that the range of medicines available is increased by indigenisation of manufactured traditional medicines and cross-cultural borrowing. Case studies confirm that self- and infant medication with indigenous remedies augmented by indigenised medicines plays an important role in primary health care by allaying the fears and anxieties of everyday life within the Xhosa belief system, thereby promoting personal well-being.
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Date Issued: 2002

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Use patterns and value of savanna resources in three rural villages in South Africa

- Shackleton, Sheona E, Shackleton, Charlie M, Netshiluvhi, T R, Geach, B S, Ballance, A, Fairbanks, D H K

Authors: Shackleton, Sheona E , Shackleton, Charlie M , Netshiluvhi, T R , Geach, B S , Ballance, A , Fairbanks, D H K
Date: 2002
Subjects: To be catalogued
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/182384 , vital:43825 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1663/0013-0001(2002)056[0130:UPAVOS]2.0.CO;2"
Description: Rural communities in South Africa harvest a diversity of wild resources from communal woodlands for home consumption and sale. The contribution these resources make to the rural economy has been little recognized, and few studies have attempted to place a monetary value on this use. This paper describes three case studies which aimed to determine the value of savanna resources for the livelihoods of rural households. Use patterns and values of resources in three villages of differing socioeconomic status were determined using household interviews, PRA techniques and key informant interviews. Questions were designed to establish the types of products used, frequency of use, quantities used, seasonality of use, longevity of durable resources, local prices, and the extent of trade. All households were procuring at least some woodland resources, with the most frequently used being fuel wood, wood for implements, edible herbs and fruits, grass for brushes, and insects. Patterns of resource use varied across villages. The most “rural” village used the greatest diversity of resources and had the highest number of users for most resources. Gross value of resources consumed per household per year ranged from R28I9 to R7238. Total value was highest in the less obviously resource dependent village, primarily the result of higher local prices due to greater extraction costs and a larger market for traded goods. Values are comparable to those contributed by other land-based livelihood activities such as subsistence cultivation and livestock production.
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Date Issued: 2002

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Valuing the arts: pitfalls in economic impact studies of arts festivals

- Snowball, Jeanette D, Antrobus, Geoffrey G

Authors: Snowball, Jeanette D , Antrobus, Geoffrey G
Date: 2002
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143145 , vital:38205 , https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2002.tb00067.x
Description: Economic impact studies have been used to measure the value of a variety of public and mixed goods, such as arts festivals, sports facilities and educational institutions, partly to motivate for public funds. The attraction of this sort of study rests largely on the fact that it produces a quantifiable monetary measure of the value of a project as opposed to a less easily valued qualitative study. “Public officials, boosters and the media accept the ‘quantifiable’ which appears to represent reality in order to justify a desired project” (Johnson and Sack 1996:370).
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Date Issued: 2002

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Voltammetric characterization of the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of octabutylthiophthalocyaninatoiron (II)

- Ozoemena,Kenneth, Nyokong, Tebello

Authors: Ozoemena,Kenneth , Nyokong, Tebello
Date: 2002
Subjects: To be catalogued
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/290419 , vital:56748 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(02)00362-6"
Description: The fabrication of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octa (butylthio)-phthalocyaninatoiron(II) [FePc(SBu)8] on gold electrode is described. The integrity of the SAM, with respect to its ability to block certain Faradaic processes, is interrogated using cyclic voltammetric experiments in aqueous solutions. The experiments show that this SAM provide an excellent blocking capability to the Faradaic processes emanating from gold surface oxidation, underpotential deposition (UPD) of copper and redox chemistry of Fe(NH4)(SO4)2 in HClO4. It is revealed by cyclic voltammetry that an ill-defined reversible couple of the SAM of FePc(SBu)8 can be greatly improved by a simple repetitive cycling of the modified electrode in a DMF solution containing TBAP within a short space of time (ca. 2 min). This ‘activation’ process provides good information concerning the surface coverage and orientation of the monolayer. The reversible redox wave shows a potential shift of about −57 mV per pH in the pH range of 2–9. A preliminary investigation indicates that FePc(SBu)8-SAM modified gold electrode shows electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of L-cysteine in acidic medium. The monolayer is stable and easily reproducible. However, due to its susceptibility to destruction via oxidative and reductive desorptions, its potential application as an electrochemical sensor would be much better in acidic and neutral than alkaline environments.
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Date Issued: 2002

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Voltammetric detection of vitamin B1 at carbon paste electrodes and its determination in tablets

- Oni, Joshua, Westbroek, Philippe, Nyokong, Tebello

Authors: Oni, Joshua , Westbroek, Philippe , Nyokong, Tebello
Date: 2002
Subjects: To be catalogued
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289692 , vital:56663 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4109(200209)14"
Description: The voltammetric behavior of vitamin B1 in alkaline medium at carbon paste electrode (CPE) is discussed. A method based on cyclic voltammetry for the determination of vitamin B1 at carbon paste electrode modified with manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc-CPE) is presented. In pH 10 buffer, the modified electrode showed catalytic activity towards the oxidation of vitamin B1 by considerably increasing the oxidation current of one of the observed waves compared to the oxidation current obtained at an unmodified electrode. The modified electrode was stable towards the determination of vitamin B1 compared to the unmodified electrode that is completely poisoned after a few scans. A linear relationship between the oxidation current and the concentration of vitamin B1 in solution was observed. The detection limit for vitamin B1 at the modified electrode was of the order of 10−5 mol dm−3. Commercial vitamin B1 tablets were analyzed using the modified electrodes.
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Date Issued: 2002

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Voltammetric detection of vitamin B1 at carbon paste electrodes and its determination in tablets

- Oni, Joshua, Westbroek, Philippe, Nyokong, Tebello

Authors: Oni, Joshua , Westbroek, Philippe , Nyokong, Tebello
Date: 2002
Subjects: To be catalogued
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289678 , vital:56662 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4109(200209)14"
Description: The voltammetric behavior of vitamin B1 in alkaline medium at carbon paste electrode (CPE) is discussed. A method based on cyclic voltammetry for the determination of vitamin B1 at carbon paste electrode modified with manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc-CPE) is presented. In pH 10 buffer, the modified electrode showed catalytic activity towards the oxidation of vitamin B1 by considerably increasing the oxidation current of one of the observed waves compared to the oxidation current obtained at an unmodified electrode. The modified electrode was stable towards the determination of vitamin B1 compared to the unmodified electrode that is completely poisoned after a few scans. A linear relationship between the oxidation current and the concentration of vitamin B1 in solution was observed. The detection limit for vitamin B1 at the modified electrode was of the order of 10−5 mol dm−3. Commercial vitamin B1 tablets were analyzed using the modified electrodes.
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Date Issued: 2002

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Voluntary associations as schools for democracy? : a case study of the Sibanye Development Project

- Siwahla, Lindiwe Lillian

Authors: Siwahla, Lindiwe Lillian
Date: 2002
Subjects: Sibanye Development Project , Non-governmental organizations , Political participation , Non-governmental organizations--South Africa
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
Identifier: vital:2842 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004778 , Sibanye Development Project , Non-governmental organizations , Political participation , Non-governmental organizations--South Africa
Description: This is an empirical study of a voluntary association with a view to interrogate the theories of civil society and participation and their practice. These theories came to dominate debate on African politics and democratisation following disappointment with structural approaches to development and democracy. Disenchantment with the state whose role was emphasised by the structural approach led analysts and technocrats to turn their attention to human agency; hence the salience of the idea of popular participation in the public domain, and preoccupation with the idea of strengthening civil society. This trend gained momentum after the 1989 fall of the Berlin Wall and demise of the communist block, and was accompanied by anti-statist sentiments on a global scale. Civil society organisations are seen as schools for democracy and agents of democratic consolidation, and are accordingly expected to perform two major tasks, namely instilling and disseminating a democratic political culture in and among participants and society at large, and promoting good governance. The aim therefore is to take advantage of the supposed intrinsic and utilitarian benefits of participation. As evident in a number of policy documents and legislation, the incumbent South African government embraces the idea of participatory democracy. However, not all analysts share this confidence in the capacity of civil society to perform these tasks. For some analysts public participation does not always have positive intrinsic benefits. Public participation may instead lead to a corrupted political culture deriving from the participants' attempts to survive in a public sphere characterised by manipulation and subtle political control, and it is civil society organisations lacking in organisational strength that are particularly vulnerable. The study revealed that unity between practice and theories of participation and civil society is a complex matter fraught with a number of ambiguities and contradictions. It revealed that though participation in the voluntary association in question does have educative benefits, those benefits do not extend to all the participants. In addition, the quality of that education is contingent upon a number of factors, some internal, others external. The internal and external factors reinforce one another. The internal factors pertain to the organisational dynamics of the voluntary association itself, and the external factors to the nature of the relationship between the voluntary association concerned and public authorities and other civil society organisations. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
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Date Issued: 2002

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Weaving cloths: Research design in contexts of transformation

- Lotz-Sisitka, Heila

Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
Date: 2002
Subjects: To be catalogued
Language: English
Type: text , article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/184745 , vital:44268 , xlink:href="https://cjee.lakeheadu.ca/article/viewFile/259/136"
Description: Through storytelling, I apply methodological and epistemological reflexivity to ask questions about the way in which environmental education research is framed in transformational settings. I ask questions about the role of research teachers/supervisors in the “weaving enterprise” or the research process. Do we have the dual task of developing contextually relevant frameworks, and of making sure that these frameworks are not adopted on an “industrial scale”—in other words, as new paradigms which have the potential to narrow research possibilities? The paper concerns itself with a broader question, notably the potentially debilitating effects of mass production of research, or the globalizing of knowledge production. The story I use to raise these, and other questions for consideration by teachers/supervisors of research is a research workers story (my own), constructed between 1992 and 1996, in a context of rapid socio-political and educational transformation in South Africa (Lotz, 1996). In addition to the above, the paper opens a debate about reflexivity as research methodological rigour.
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Date Issued: 2002

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Women in paid domestic work and their children : an exploratory study

- Maqungu, Nomzamo Florence

Authors: Maqungu, Nomzamo Florence
Date: 2002 , 2013-05-16
Subjects: Household employees -- South Africa , Women, Black -- Employment -- South Africa
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
Identifier: vital:711 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007476 , Household employees -- South Africa , Women, Black -- Employment -- South Africa
Description: This study explores the views and experiences of domestic workers with regard to service conditions of their occupation, the arrangements they make for the care of their own children and the frequency of contact they make with their children. Data was obtained through use of pre - coded self administered questionnaires which were employed to 50 domestic women who are working in East London and its suburbs and have children under the age of 16 years. Semi-structured interviews were tape recorded and transcribed and the analysis process looked at general trends where qualitative data was obtained. Quantitative data was tabulated in frequency tables and interpreted by means of graphs. The study is pioneering efforts in the Eastern Cape and South Africa in general as well as setting a way forward for further exploration of this subject. It is hoped that the study will make a worthwhile contribution and bring upfront valuable information that could be used when addressing issues of domestic workers. The study also indirectly challenges those professions and disciplines who have been advocating on behalf of domestic workers to mobilize these workers towards taking part in the uplifting of their standards and to fInish up the good work they had already started until their aims have been achieved. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
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Date Issued: 2002

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Workplace Reorganisation Course

- DITSELA

Authors: DITSELA
Date: 2002
Subjects: Development Institute for Training,Support and Education for Labour (DITSELA)
Language: English
Type: text
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/175688 , vital:42606
Description: This booklet is about the way in which work is being restructured in the workplaces of South Africa. It is the first in a series of booklets dealing with various restructuring issues faced by workers. There are major changes being made in the workplace that impact on the lives of workers. For workers, restructuring brings changes to the way that their workplace is organised and this will impact on their working lives. These changes could hold threats or opportunities for workers. This first book will explain what is meant by restructuring and look at why many companies in South Africa are considering restructuring. It will also look at some trade union strategies around restructuring and some suggestions for negotiating restructuring.
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Date Issued: 2002

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Workshop theatre in post-apartheid South Africa : a case study

- Copteros, Athina

Authors: Copteros, Athina
Date: 2002
Subjects: Theater -- South Africa , Theater -- Political aspects -- South Africa
Language: English
Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
Identifier: vital:2156 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007477
Description: This is a qualitative study exploring the use of workshop theatre in post-apartheid South Africa, with the objective of making a contribution to the knowledge-base regarding its use in current times. Workshop theatre is changing in response to a new socio-political reality and emerging trends in theatre practice. The case study, of developing a play on Oystercatchers with a Grahamstown group of artists, revealed the difficulties and challenges of using workshop theatre in this dynamic context. Data collection included a focus group, observation, reflective discussion and in-depth interviews that were analysed in relation to available literature on workshop theatre in apartheid and post-apartheid South Africa. It is proposed that workshop theatre has continued relevance in post -apartheid South Africa. The process of creating workshop theatre with diverse artists has great potential to transform relationships, address issues of personal identity and to provide an underlying purpose to a workshop theatre -making context.
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Date Issued: 2002

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