South Africa: Applied competence as the guiding framework for environmental and sustainability education
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Raven, Glenda
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437395 , vital:73375 , ISBN 978-1-4020-8194-1 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8194-1_22
- Description: Following the demise of apartheid rule in South Africa in 1994, the new government adopted the South African Qualifications Act (RSA, 1995a) which established the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA). The SAQA was tasked with the responsibility for developing and im-plementing a national qualifications framework (NQF) based on princi-ples of quality, equity and redress. A primary objective of the NQF was to establish a portable and responsive model for lifelong learning and one which could recognize prior learning according to an outcomes-based education and training framework. In addition to this mandate and amongst other responsibilities, SAQA has had a responsibility to design and develop qualifications that respond to the environmental rights and sustainable development clauses of the Constitution and as-sociated national policies. Through this, environment and sustainability education was placed on the national education and training agenda (see Lotz-Sisitka and Olvitt in this volume).
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- Date Issued: 2009
South Africa: Strengthening responses to sustainable development policy and legislation
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Olvitt, Lausanne L
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437382 , vital:73374 , ISBN 978-1-4020-8194-1 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8194-1_23
- Description: A key objective of the newly established South African national qualifi-cations framework (NQF) is to enable the transformation of society, fol-lowing the demise of apartheid in 1994. Through the South African Constitution, which enshrines the right to a healthy environment for all citizens, and the sustainable utilization of resources for current and fu-ture generations (RSA, 1996), South African society adopted a devel-opment path that is oriented towards sustainable development. The de-velopment and implementation of the NQF (established by the South African Qualifications Authority Act in 1995) has involved various initia-tives to design and develop qualifications that respond to the environ-mental rights and sustainable development clauses of the Constitution and associated national policy. The past 10 years have been an active period for reconceptualizing education and training in South Africa, par-ticularly in the previously neglected1 area of workplacebased learning. New structures were put in place to develop and approve flexible and portable qualifications in unit-standard format, new service delivery structures and mechanisms have been established which allow for flex-ible forms of programme delivery and new learning programmes have been designed to respond to the outcomes-based, flexible format of the NQF. The NQF has created new opportunities for lifelong learning and new possibilities for those formerly disadvantaged by apartheid exclu-sionary policies and systems to gain access to education and training, and recognition for their skills and competencies. It has also created the space for new innovative programmes to emerge that respond to emerging issues in society, such as increased environmental degradation, increased health risks and new social and economic challenges.
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- Date Issued: 2009
St. Petersburg
- Authors: Krueger, Anton
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/229818 , vital:49713 , xlink:href="https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC47812"
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- Date Issued: 2009
Students as Agents of Social Change-Student Initiatives at Rhodes University, South Africa
- Authors: Togo, Muchaiteyi
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/386561 , vital:68151 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/122830"
- Description: Rhodes University has a diversity of sustainable development initiatives meant for students and in a range of cases activities are initiated by students themselves with the support of the university. Results of a sustainability assessment revealed the involvement of students in environmental societies, environmental awareness campaigns, campus sustainability initiatives and community sustainability projects. Though most of the projects are still in their infancy and some challenges are yet to be overcome, the sustainability initiatives are gaining momentum and have contributed to improving the overall picture of sustainability at the university. Based on the results of the Rhodes University case study, the underpinning viewpoint in this paper is that university students are not merely recipients of Education for Sustainable Development but have the capacity to become agents for social change.
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- Date Issued: 2009
Study of the photophysical behavior of tetrasulfonated metallophthalocyanines in the presence of CdTe quantum dots
- Authors: Idowu, Mopelola , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/264138 , vital:53701 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.02.040"
- Description: Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) studies were carried out with CdTe quantum dots (QDs) synthesized in aqueous phase and various tetrasulfonated metallophthalocyanines (MPcS4, M = aluminum ((OH)AlPcS4), zinc (ZnPcS4), silicon ((OH)2SiPcS4) and germanium ((OH)2GePcS4) in a H2O:MeOH (1:1) solvent mixture. The QDs studied were capped with thioglycolic acid (TGA) or mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) with sizes ranging from 2.3 to 3.7 nm. Non-radiative energy transfer from QDs emission to MPcS4 complexes was observed. Study of the photophysics of the MPcs in the presence of the QDs revealed high triplet state quantum yields (ΦT, ranging from 0.41 to 0.85 in the presence of QDs), with corresponding long triplet state lifetimes (τT, which ranged from 140 to 610 μs in the presence of QDs) to allow for photosensitized reactions to occur. The efficiency of energy transfer and the donor–acceptor distance between the MPcs and the QDs were also evaluated.
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- Date Issued: 2009
Synthesis and characterization of electrocatalytic conjugates of tetraamino cobalt (II) phthalocyanine and single wall carbon nanotubes
- Authors: Mugadza, Tawanda , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/263341 , vital:53619 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.05.074"
- Description: In this paper we report on the synthesis and characterization of electrocatalytic conjugates of tetraamino cobalt (II) phthalocyanine and single walled carbon nanotubes (CoTAPc–SWCNT-linked) for use as electrode surface modifiers. FTIR, UV–vis and Raman spectroscopies were used to ascertain the chemical linkage between CoTAPc and SWCNT while cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk electrode voltammetry were used to assess the electrocatalytic efficiency of the linked product towards the oxidation of 2-mercaptoethanol. The CoTAPc–SWCNT-linked-GCE demonstrated very good catalytic efficiency relative to CoTAPc–SWCNT-mixed-GCE, CoTAPc-GCE and f-SWCNTs-GCE (functionalised SWCNT). CoTAPc–SWCNT-linked-GCE gave a sensitivity of 0.2 μA/μM and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.2 × 10−7 M for 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) at pH 4.
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- Date Issued: 2009
Synthesis and photophysical behavior of axially substituted phthalocyanine, tetrabenzotriazaporphyrin, and triazatetrabenzcorrole phosphorous complexes
- Authors: Antunes, Edith M , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/264518 , vital:53741 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S1088424609000048"
- Description: The synthesis of phosphorous phthalocyanines, triazatetrabenzcorroles, and tetrabenzotriazaporphyrins with a variety of axial ligands is reported. The new complexes are: phosphorous dihydroxy tetrabenzotriazaporphyrin (5, PV(OH)2TBTAP), diphenyl phosphorous phthalocyanine (6, [PV(Ph)2Pc](OH)), diphenyl phosphorous triazatetrabenzcorrole (7, PV(Ph)2TBC), and dioctyl phosphorous triazatetrabenzcorrole (8, PV(C8H17)2TBC). The complexes are not aggregated in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and pyridine. Upon axial coordination of a phenyl or octyl group, the complexes are soluble (and not aggregated) in dichloromethane (DCM) and tetrahydrofuran (THF). The triplet lifetimes range from 395 to 546 μs (for complexes 5 to 8), with the P(Ph)2TBC (7) complex showing the longest triplet lifetime (546 μs), while the smallest triplet quantum yield (ΦT = 0.27) was obtained for the [P(Ph)2Pc](OH) (6) complex. [P(OH)2Pc](OH) (3) showed the shortest triplet lifetime (113 μs) and the largest triplet quantum yield (ΦT = 0.52).
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- Date Issued: 2009
Synthesis, photophysical and nonlinear optical properties of microwave synthesized 4-tetra and octa-substituted lead phthalocyanines
- Authors: Modibane, Desmond K , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/263452 , vital:53629 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2009.03.013"
- Description: This work presents the photophysical and nonlinear optical behaviour of newly synthesized complexes: 2,(3)-tetrakis(4-benzyloxyphenoxyphthalocyaninato) lead (5a) and 2,3-octakis(4-benzyloxyphenoxyphthalocyaninato) lead (6a). The nonlinear optical behaviour of complexes 5a and 6a are compared with those of 2,(3)-tetraphenoxyphthalocyaninato lead (5b), 2,(3)-tetrakis(4-t-butylphenoxyphthalocyaninato) lead (5c), 2,3-octaphenoxyphthalocyaninato lead (6b) and 2,3-octakis(4-t-butylphenoxyphthalocyaninato) lead (6c). The synthesis of 5a and 6a was performed using microwave irradiation. Photophysical properties were studied for these complexes in dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, toluene, tetrahydrofuran and chloroform. The fluorescence spectra were different from excitation spectra due to demetallation upon excitation. High triplet quantum yields ranging from 0.80 to 0.86 (in DMSO, DMF and toluene) and low triplet lifetimes (20–50 μs in DMSO, and more than 10 μs in the rest of the solvents) were observed due to the presence of heavy atom. Nonlinear optical properties were studied in dimethylsulfoxide. The optical limiting threshold intensity (Ilim) for the PbPc derivatives were calculated and ranged from 2.1 to 6.6 W/cm2.
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- Date Issued: 2009
Synthesis, photophysical and photochemical properties of novel soluble tetra [4-(thiophen-3yl)-phenoxy] phthalocyaninato zinc (II) and Ti (IV) O complexes
- Authors: Erdoğmuş, Ali , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/263318 , vital:53617 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2009.07.015"
- Description: The synthesis, photophysical and photochemical properties of zinc and oxo-titanium phthalocyanine derivatives 4-(tetra[4-(thiophen-3yl)-phenoxy]phthalocyaninato)zinc(II), (2); and 4-(tetra[4-(thiophen-3yl)-phenoxy]phthalocyaninato)oxo-titanium(IV), (3), are described for the first time. These peripherally substituted complexes (2 and 3) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and electronic spectroscopy. The compounds (2 and 3) have good solubility in organic solvents such as CHCl3, DCM, DMSO, DMF, THF and toluene and are not aggregated within a wide concentration range. General trends are described for singlet oxygen, photodegradation, fluorescence quantum yields, triplet quantum yields and triplet life times of these complexes in DMSO, DMF and THF. Compound 2 has higher fluorescence quantum yields, triplet quantum yields and triplet life times than 3, however, the former has lower singlet oxygen quantum yields and photodegradation quantum yields than the latter.
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- Date Issued: 2009
Synthesis, photophysical and photochemical properties of octa-substituted antimony phthalocyanines
- Authors: Modibane, Desmond Kwena , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/264226 , vital:53711 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2008.11.052"
- Description: This work reports on the synthesis and photophysicochemical parameters of unsubstituted [SbIIIPc]+I3- and octa-phenoxy ([SbIIIOPPc]+I3-) and -4-t-butylphenoxy ([SbIIIOTBPPc]+I3-) substituted antimony phthalocyanines. Photophysical and photochemical properties were studied for these complexes in dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide and toluene. The excitation spectra of oxidized antimony (Sb(V)Pc) derivates were similar to absorption spectra. Low fluorescence quantum yields, high triplet quantum yields and low triplet lifetimes were observed as the result of heavy atom (antimony ion).
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- Date Issued: 2009
Synthesis, photophysical and photochemical studies of water soluble cationic zinc phthalocyanine derivatives
- Authors: Idowu, Mopelola , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/264245 , vital:53712 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2008.11.021"
- Description: Peripherally and non-peripherally 2-diethylaminoethanethiol tetra-substituted zinc phthalocyanine (5a and 6a) and their quaternized derivatives (5b and 6b) have been synthesized and characterized. The quaternized derivatives (5b and 6b) show excellent solubility in aqueous medium. The photophysical and photochemical properties of the 2-diethylaminoethanethiol appended zinc phthalocyanine in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) for the non-ionic (5a and 6a) and in both DMSO and aqueous medium (phosphate buffered saline solution PBS, pH 7.4) (in the presence and absence of cremophore EL (CEL)) for the quaternized (5b and 6b) derivatives were studied and compared with that of the peripherally octa-substituted derivatives (7a and 7b). The complexes have intense absorption in the visible/near-IR region though the quaternized forms (5b, 6b and 7b) were slightly blue shifted and highly aggregate in aqueous solution. The triplet state quantum yields (ΦT) and the triplet lifetimes (τT) were found to be higher in DMSO (ΦT values ranged from 0.57 to 0.75 while τT values ranged from 190 to 220 μs in DMSO for all complexes) compared to aqueous medium (ΦT values ranged from 0.15 to 0.17 while τT values ranged from 20 to 70 μs in pH 7.4 buffer). Addition of cremophore EL in aqueous solution resulted in induced disaggregation leading to increased ΦT and τT.
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- Date Issued: 2009
Synthesis, photophysics and photochemistry of novel tetra (quinoxalinyl) phthalocyaninato zinc (II) complexes
- Authors: Erdoğmuş, Ali , Ogunsipe, Abimbola , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/263441 , vital:53628 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.04.007"
- Description: The syntheses and spectral, photophysical and photochemical properties of some zinc phthalocyanine derivatives – {2, (3)-tetra(quinoxalinyl)phthalocyaninato zinc(II), (β-ZnPc) and 1, (4)-tetra(quinoxalinyl)phthalocyaninato zinc(II), (α-ZnPc)} – are presented. The β-substituted complex is more fluorescent and exhibits lower tendencies to undergo intersystem crossing than its α-substituted counterpart, as judged by the former's higher fluorescence quantum yield (ΦF) and lower triplet quantum yield (ΦT) than the latter's in three solvents (DMSO, DMF and toluene). Singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΦΔ) values show the same trends as ΦT values. The differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of α-ZnPc and β-ZnPc are partly attributed to greater molecular distortions in the former. Studies of the interaction of the triplet states of α-ZnPc and β-ZnPc with triplet oxygen showed that α-ZnPc is more vulnerable to oxygen quenching than β-ZnPc. Also, the smallest quenching rate constants were observed in DMSO, which is attributed to the higher viscosity of DMSO than DMF and toluene.
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- Date Issued: 2009
The formation of self-assembled monolayers of thiophthalocyanine complexes of titanium, vanadium and manganese and their use in l-cysteine electrocatalysis
- Authors: Mbambisa, Gcineka , Nombona, Nolwazi , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/263375 , vital:53622 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2009.04.009"
- Description: Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on octapentylthiophthalocyanine complexes of oxovanadium (IV) (OVOPThPc), titanium(IV) (OTiOPThPc), and manganese (III) acetate (AcMnOPThPc), and of tetraphenylthiophthalocyanine complexes of hydroxo manganese(III) (OHMnTPPc) and oxotitanium(IV) (OTiTPPc) are described. The oxidation of l-cysteine was observed at potentials which ranged from 0.52 V to 0.67 V. The detection limits for l-cysteine analysis were of the order of 10− 7 to 10− 6 M.
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- Date Issued: 2009
The syntheses, characterization and fluorescence spectra of novel, octakis (alkylthiophthalocyanato) nickel (II) and palladium (II) complexes
- Authors: Ogunbayo, Taofeek Babatunde , Ogunsipe, Abimbola , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/263386 , vital:53623 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2009.03.009"
- Description: The syntheses, characterization and fluorescence studies of several {octakis(alkylthio)phthalocyanato} palladium(II) and nickel(II) complexes are presented. The absorption spectra of some of the complexes showed extra peaks which are attributable to non-planar distortion, the extent of which, was found to dependent on alkyl chain length. The fluorescence excitation spectra of the nickel(II) derivatives were not in agreement with their absorption spectra, owing to structural changes upon excitation. Fluorescence quantum yields were very low (more than 1%) for all complexes as a consequence of the open-shell electronic structures of nickel(II) and palladium(II).
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- Date Issued: 2009
The synthesis and photophysicochemical behaviour of novel water-soluble cationic indium (III) phthalocyanine
- Authors: Durmus, Mahmut , Erdoğmuş, Ali , Ogunsipe, Abimbola , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/263419 , vital:53626 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2009.01.008"
- Description: The syntheses and characterization of 2,3-octakis-(3-pyridyloxyphthalocyaninato) indium(III) and quaternized 2,3-octakis-(3-pyridyloxyphthalocyaninato) indium(III) are described. The ground state electronic absorption spectra, photophysics and photochemistry of both dyes in DMSO as well as that of the quaternized compound in aqueous solution are also presented. A comparison of the photophysical and photochemical parameters of the two dyes revealed that quaternized 2,3-octakis-(3-pyridyloxyphthalocyaninato) indium(III) was a better photosensitizer than its unquaternized counterpart. The quantum yield values of fluorescence (ΦF), triplet state formation (ΦT) and singlet oxygen formation (ΦΔ) for the cationic dye were found to be 0.03, 0.68 and 0.66 respectively in DMSO; these values were higher than those for 2,3-octakis-(3-pyridyloxyphthalocyaninato) indium(III), which exhibited values of 0.02, 0.66 and 0.63, respectively in DMSO. The values for the cationic dye in aq. solution were 0.02, 0.59 and 0.56 respectively, suggesting that the water-soluble quaternized 2,3-octakis-(3-pyridyloxyphthalocyaninato) indium(III) offers potential as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy treatment.
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- Date Issued: 2009
The synthesis and photophysicochemical properties of low-symmetry zinc phthalocyanine analogues
- Authors: Chidawanyika, Wadzanai J U , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/263397 , vital:53624 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.06.005"
- Description: The synthesis of a low-symmetry derivative, zinc mono-carboxy substituted phthalocyanine, ZnPc-COOH (4) has been reported. The photochemical and photophysical properties of ZnPc-COOH (4), ZnTMPyPc (5), ZnttbPc (6) and a previously synthesized low-symmetry derivative, ZnttbIPc (7), in various organic solvents are reported. The red-shifting of the spectra of 4 and 5 (relative to that of unsubstituted zinc phthalocyanine, ZnPc) is a function of the electron-donating sulfur-containing substituents attached to the periphery of the molecule. High triplet quantum yields (ФT) generally occur in response to substitution on the zinc phthalocyanine ring periphery. The highest ФT values and triplet lifetimes (τT) occur in DMSO for all derivatives as a result of the solvent's high viscosity. The strongly electron-withdrawing imido fused ring of ZnttbIPc (7) stabilizes it against photo-oxidative degradation relative to the other derivatives.
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- Date Issued: 2009
The synthesis, cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical studies of Co (II) phthalocyanines tetra-substituted at the α and β positions with phenylthio groups
- Authors: Nombona, Nolwazi , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/264529 , vital:53742 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2008.06.002"
- Description: Non-peripherally substituted cobalt 1,(4)-(tetraphenylthiophthalocyaninato) and peripherally substituted cobalt 2,(3)-(tetraphenylthiophthalocyaninato) complexes were synthesized. Redox processes were observed at E1/2 = −1.44 V (I), −0.39 V (II), +0.37 V (III), +0.78 V (IV) and 1.15 V (V) for the non-peripherally substituted and at E1/2 = −1.42 V (I), −0.57, −0.39 V (II), +0.27 V (III), +0.79 V (IV) and +1.10 V (V) for the peripherally substituted complexes, respectively. The couples were assigned to CoIPc−2/CoIPc−3 (I), CoIIPc−2/CoIPc−2 (II), CoIIIPc−2/CoIIPc−2 (III), and CoIIIPc−1/CoIIIPc−2 (IV) using spectroelectrochemistry. The last process (V) could not be ascertained by spectroelectrochemistry but is associated with ring oxidation. Upon reduction or oxidation, the Q band of the non-peripherally substituted complex became less red shifted compared to that of its peripherally substituted counterpart.
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- Date Issued: 2009
The unit-based sustainability assessment tool and its use in the UNEP mainstreaming environment and sustainability in African universities partnership
- Authors: Togo, Muchaiteyi , Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437409 , vital:73376 , ISBN 978-1-4020-8194-1 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02375-5_15
- Description: This paper reports on the development and use of a Unit-based Sustainability Assessment Tool (USAT) for establishing the status of Education for Sustainable Development initiatives and sustainable development practices in universities. The tool was developed for use in the Swedish/Africa International Training Programme (ITP) on ‘Education for Sustainable De-velopment in Higher Education’ and complements the UNEP Mainstreaming Environment and Sustainability into African Universities (MESA) ‘Education for Sustainable Development Innovations Programmes for Universities in Africa’ materials. The USAT facilitates a quick assessment of the level of inte-gration of sustainability issues in university functions and op-erations, both to benchmark sustainability initiatives and identi-fy new areas for action or improvement. It is based on a unit-based framework which allows for sustainability assessments to be done per division, unit, department, or faculty within uni-versities. Collectively, the unit-based assessments provide for development of an institution wide picture of university sus-tainability.
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- Date Issued: 2009
Traditional food crops as a source of community resilience in Zimbabwe
- Authors: Shava, Soul , O'Donoghue, Rob B , Krasny, Marianne E , Zazu, Clayton
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/438804 , vital:73501 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/18186870903101982"
- Description: This article draws on local narratives and observations of food sustenance practices in relocated farming communities in Sebakwe, Zimbabwe. Local knowledge on traditional food crops and related agricultural practices was proven to be a source of local community resilience, enabling residents to sustain their livelihoods. Local community agency in maintaining, cultivating and processing traditional food crops was found to sustain their culture and livelihoods, thereby providing community resilience in a changing environment.
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- Date Issued: 2009
Understanding social learning processes in a citrus farming community of practice
- Authors: Downsborough, Linda
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/386949 , vital:68191 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/122819"
- Description: This paper focuses on what would traditionally be termed ‘non-formal’ learning processes in the context of a case study examining how citrus farming communities in the Patensie Valley in the Eastern Cape in South Africa were learning conservation practices. Communities of Practice theory was used to provide a conceptual framework for researching these learning interactions. Through historical and other qualitative research methods, I was able to establish that farmers in this community of practice learned mainly through responding to change and uncertainty, through forming and drawing on networks and community structures, through intergenerational learning, and through various interactions with each other. The historical research also pointed to the significance of policy and market-based changes in farmer learning, and their attachment to the land, which is shaped through historical associations with the land, and through embedded relations in farming practice cultures. The paper provides an example of how Communities of Practice theory, complemented by historical research, can be used to understand non-formal learning.
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- Date Issued: 2009