Towards Reconfiguring the Agricultural Expert System (AES) for Black Small to Medium Farmer Development for Commercialization: A progressively focused policy literature review and social learning dialogue in the Eastern Cape Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality
- Authors: Maqwelane, Lwanda
- Date: 2021-10
- Subjects: Farms, Small South Africa Amathole District Municipality , Minority farmers , Public-private sector cooperation South Africa Amathole District Municipality , Social learning South Africa Amathole District Municipality , Agricultural expert system (AES) , Black small to medium farmers (BSMF)
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/188876 , vital:44794
- Description: This study focuses on the agricultural expert system (AES), its inherited and potential reframing capabilities for the development, growth and transition of black small to medium farmers (BSMF) into the commercial sector. The study was conducted as a critical analytical policy review of implemented policies pre-and post 1994 that subsequently highlighted the thematic continuities and discontinuities of policy reform and the subsequent impact on BSMFs using the AES as a conceptual lens. The study aimed working with stakeholders in the AES in the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality as a case study to critically engage and question the AES and its contemporary framing and potential reframing and continued impact on the BSMFs development. This was conducted through a dialogical social learning process in partnership with diverse voices that cut across the contemporary agrarian landscape that included “universities, think tanks, vocational training providers, standards-setting agencies, trade associations that provide specialized training, education, information, research and technical support” (Porter, 2000, p.17). The data for the social learning dialogue process was generated through an iterative analysis of dialogical social learning workshops, focus groups and semi-structured interviews. The analysis focused on the framing (Chapters 2, 3, and 5) and reframing of the AES (Chapter 6). Through dynamic engagement within the knowledge hub (contextual social learning and literature), the study surfaces a potential alternative discourse that actively includes the BSMFs as a crucial component of the commercial sector AES as the analysis shows these are largely excluded. This alternative discourse occurred through dialogical interactions with all participants via a pro-actively constituted social learning process, enriched and deepened by literature as indicated above. Main recommendations of the study are: 1. The AES must be framed to address the holistic value chain of BSMFs to help address underlying policy dualism, 2. Public Private Partnerships are needed to support BSMFs development and these should adopt a social learning approach that is reflective of complex realities 3. There is need for better understanding of roles and contributions of stakeholders in the AES to avoid duplications. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10
- Authors: Maqwelane, Lwanda
- Date: 2021-10
- Subjects: Farms, Small South Africa Amathole District Municipality , Minority farmers , Public-private sector cooperation South Africa Amathole District Municipality , Social learning South Africa Amathole District Municipality , Agricultural expert system (AES) , Black small to medium farmers (BSMF)
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/188876 , vital:44794
- Description: This study focuses on the agricultural expert system (AES), its inherited and potential reframing capabilities for the development, growth and transition of black small to medium farmers (BSMF) into the commercial sector. The study was conducted as a critical analytical policy review of implemented policies pre-and post 1994 that subsequently highlighted the thematic continuities and discontinuities of policy reform and the subsequent impact on BSMFs using the AES as a conceptual lens. The study aimed working with stakeholders in the AES in the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality as a case study to critically engage and question the AES and its contemporary framing and potential reframing and continued impact on the BSMFs development. This was conducted through a dialogical social learning process in partnership with diverse voices that cut across the contemporary agrarian landscape that included “universities, think tanks, vocational training providers, standards-setting agencies, trade associations that provide specialized training, education, information, research and technical support” (Porter, 2000, p.17). The data for the social learning dialogue process was generated through an iterative analysis of dialogical social learning workshops, focus groups and semi-structured interviews. The analysis focused on the framing (Chapters 2, 3, and 5) and reframing of the AES (Chapter 6). Through dynamic engagement within the knowledge hub (contextual social learning and literature), the study surfaces a potential alternative discourse that actively includes the BSMFs as a crucial component of the commercial sector AES as the analysis shows these are largely excluded. This alternative discourse occurred through dialogical interactions with all participants via a pro-actively constituted social learning process, enriched and deepened by literature as indicated above. Main recommendations of the study are: 1. The AES must be framed to address the holistic value chain of BSMFs to help address underlying policy dualism, 2. Public Private Partnerships are needed to support BSMFs development and these should adopt a social learning approach that is reflective of complex realities 3. There is need for better understanding of roles and contributions of stakeholders in the AES to avoid duplications. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10
Water Struggles and Rural People’s Experiences of Waiting in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Twalo, Lindani
- Date: 2021-10
- Subjects: Water security , Right to water
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21201 , vital:47394
- Description: This study examined water struggles and rural people’s experiences of waiting in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province. Primarily, it investigated how such struggles connect to people’s experiences of waiting for water services. In essence, the study demonstrates how experiences of waiting are profoundly shaped by subjective meanings that the rural people attach to water at a local level. Thus, the study connects rural water politics to contested meanings over natural resources in South Africa’s communal areas. The empirical analysis in this study goes beyond the largely urban focus in the focus in the politics of waiting – mainly in the informal settlements, slums and other urban peripheries. The study presents some of the less known struggles of rural dwellers, particularly their experiences of waiting for water service provision from the state. South Africa’s Constitution promotes the right to clean water. Despite all the progress made by the democratic government, it is still evident that people in deep rural areas of South Africa are in a very precarious situation when it comes to accessing clean water. The study utilised Auyero (2011) concept of the politics of waiting to examine the poor people’s experiences of waiting for water. The study adopted a case study of Lower Didimana village. The researcher conducted a range of qualitative research techniques – the key informant interviews, focus group discussions, observations and semi-structured interviews. The study found that rural residents of South Africa continue to wait for long periods for water service provision in the current democratic era. Moreover, they are still faced with severe challenges of accessing water; as a result, they are left with no better option but to use traditional ways of retrieving water. It also found that there are strong cultural and spiritual claims that rural dwellers attach to water. To them water is not just only a physiological need which could be addressed through efficient state service – the provision of sufficient tap water. Water is deeply connected in human existence. Just like land, water is a cultural as well as spiritual resource. As such, rural experiences of waiting are not limited to state agency and how the poor experience the state, but are also influences by local struggles over meanings of water. Finally, the study reveals the limitation in state policy on water provision, which is locked in a purely engineering use based paradigm, which mainly strives to address (technically) scarcity of drinking water. However, the findings of this study demonstrates that drinking is just one function of water. Although villagers try to mobilise to engage the state while waiting for water service they articulate other claims that connect to diverse water meanings. Such meanings are barely captured in contemporary literature on rural politics of water. As such, although water is increasing becoming scarce in rural South Africa and the state intervention is increasingly demanded, villagers’ experiences of waiting in Lower Didimana remain strongly connected to what water means to locals. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Rural Development) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10
- Authors: Twalo, Lindani
- Date: 2021-10
- Subjects: Water security , Right to water
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21201 , vital:47394
- Description: This study examined water struggles and rural people’s experiences of waiting in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province. Primarily, it investigated how such struggles connect to people’s experiences of waiting for water services. In essence, the study demonstrates how experiences of waiting are profoundly shaped by subjective meanings that the rural people attach to water at a local level. Thus, the study connects rural water politics to contested meanings over natural resources in South Africa’s communal areas. The empirical analysis in this study goes beyond the largely urban focus in the focus in the politics of waiting – mainly in the informal settlements, slums and other urban peripheries. The study presents some of the less known struggles of rural dwellers, particularly their experiences of waiting for water service provision from the state. South Africa’s Constitution promotes the right to clean water. Despite all the progress made by the democratic government, it is still evident that people in deep rural areas of South Africa are in a very precarious situation when it comes to accessing clean water. The study utilised Auyero (2011) concept of the politics of waiting to examine the poor people’s experiences of waiting for water. The study adopted a case study of Lower Didimana village. The researcher conducted a range of qualitative research techniques – the key informant interviews, focus group discussions, observations and semi-structured interviews. The study found that rural residents of South Africa continue to wait for long periods for water service provision in the current democratic era. Moreover, they are still faced with severe challenges of accessing water; as a result, they are left with no better option but to use traditional ways of retrieving water. It also found that there are strong cultural and spiritual claims that rural dwellers attach to water. To them water is not just only a physiological need which could be addressed through efficient state service – the provision of sufficient tap water. Water is deeply connected in human existence. Just like land, water is a cultural as well as spiritual resource. As such, rural experiences of waiting are not limited to state agency and how the poor experience the state, but are also influences by local struggles over meanings of water. Finally, the study reveals the limitation in state policy on water provision, which is locked in a purely engineering use based paradigm, which mainly strives to address (technically) scarcity of drinking water. However, the findings of this study demonstrates that drinking is just one function of water. Although villagers try to mobilise to engage the state while waiting for water service they articulate other claims that connect to diverse water meanings. Such meanings are barely captured in contemporary literature on rural politics of water. As such, although water is increasing becoming scarce in rural South Africa and the state intervention is increasingly demanded, villagers’ experiences of waiting in Lower Didimana remain strongly connected to what water means to locals. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Rural Development) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10
Management approach of patients with violent and aggressive behaviour in a district hospital setting in South Africa
- Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent, Puzi, Ntandazo
- Authors: Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent , Puzi, Ntandazo
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: mental health Emergency medical services violennce Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7284 , vital:53108 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5393"
- Description: Background: Given the physical and mental health consequences of tobacco use amongst individuals with mental illness, it was imperative to assess the burden of tobacco use in this population. Aim: This study examined the patterns and factors associated with tobacco use in individuals attending the outpatient unit. Setting: Cecilia Makiwane Hospital Mental Health Department in Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: Lifetime (ever use) use and current use of any tobacco products were examined in a cross-sectional study of 390 individuals between March and June 2020. A logistic regression was fitted to determine the correlates of lifetime and current use of any tobacco products. Results: The rates of ever use and current use of tobacco products were 59.4% and 44.6%, respectively. Of the participants interviewed, lifetime tobacco use was more prevalent amongst individuals with schizophrenia (67.9%) and cannabis-induced disorders (97.3%) and lower in those with major depressive disorders (36.1%) and bipolar and related disorders (43.5%). Men were six times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products in comparison to women. Also, those who had a salaried job or owned a business were over three times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products compared with those receiving government social grants. Conclusions: The prevalence of tobacco use in this study was significantly higher than the general population in the Eastern Cape. Therefore, smoking prevention and cessation interventions targeted at the general population should target this often neglected sub-population in the region. Keywords: aggressive and violent behaviour; assisted user; emergency centres; involuntary user; Mental Health Care Act.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent , Puzi, Ntandazo
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: mental health Emergency medical services violennce Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7284 , vital:53108 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5393"
- Description: Background: Given the physical and mental health consequences of tobacco use amongst individuals with mental illness, it was imperative to assess the burden of tobacco use in this population. Aim: This study examined the patterns and factors associated with tobacco use in individuals attending the outpatient unit. Setting: Cecilia Makiwane Hospital Mental Health Department in Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: Lifetime (ever use) use and current use of any tobacco products were examined in a cross-sectional study of 390 individuals between March and June 2020. A logistic regression was fitted to determine the correlates of lifetime and current use of any tobacco products. Results: The rates of ever use and current use of tobacco products were 59.4% and 44.6%, respectively. Of the participants interviewed, lifetime tobacco use was more prevalent amongst individuals with schizophrenia (67.9%) and cannabis-induced disorders (97.3%) and lower in those with major depressive disorders (36.1%) and bipolar and related disorders (43.5%). Men were six times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products in comparison to women. Also, those who had a salaried job or owned a business were over three times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products compared with those receiving government social grants. Conclusions: The prevalence of tobacco use in this study was significantly higher than the general population in the Eastern Cape. Therefore, smoking prevention and cessation interventions targeted at the general population should target this often neglected sub-population in the region. Keywords: aggressive and violent behaviour; assisted user; emergency centres; involuntary user; Mental Health Care Act.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on accessing HIV care: A case report
- Authors: Kaswa, Ramprakash
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020- HIV (Viruses) Diseases Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7291 , vital:53107 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5344"
- Description: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an enormous impact on the provision of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) services amongst people living with HIV. Many people have adopted different health-seeking behaviour in alignment with the lockdown provisions during the COVID-19 pandemic. These lockdown regulations have had a huge impact on healthcare access for people on chronic medication. The disruption of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has a profound effect on HIV-associated morbidity and mortality. The impact on HIV programmes as a result of the interruption in ART could be bigger than the HIV pandemic alone. Keywords: COVID-19; pandemic; HIV; ART; lockdown; morbidity and mortality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Kaswa, Ramprakash
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020- HIV (Viruses) Diseases Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7291 , vital:53107 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5344"
- Description: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an enormous impact on the provision of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) services amongst people living with HIV. Many people have adopted different health-seeking behaviour in alignment with the lockdown provisions during the COVID-19 pandemic. These lockdown regulations have had a huge impact on healthcare access for people on chronic medication. The disruption of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has a profound effect on HIV-associated morbidity and mortality. The impact on HIV programmes as a result of the interruption in ART could be bigger than the HIV pandemic alone. Keywords: COVID-19; pandemic; HIV; ART; lockdown; morbidity and mortality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
The stories African lawyers could tell when analysing legal issues: Lessons for social sciences teachers
- Authors: Zongwe, Dunia P
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Decolonization Storytelling Law--Study and teaching Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6989 , vital:52634 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i2.6828"
- Description: Activists and academics have clamoured for the decolonisation of knowledge, including law. But, unfortunately hardly anyone has put forth strategies for how faculties should decolonise the law. A number of jurists have underscored the necessity to draw on customary laws and traditional values. Still, the #RhodesMustFall movement has, for the most part, been loud on the outcomes, but quiet on the methodologies. Joining the conversation on the decolonisation of epistemologies, this article contributes to the ongoing efforts to sanitise the law by proposing to revive African oral storytelling cultures as a way to analyse the questions of law facing society. To live up to this task, this article adopts decolonial theory and, through stylised examples, illustrates how lawyers and social scientists in Africa can utilise storytelling to contextualise, (de)construct, and comprehend those questions. This article assumes that lawyers can use African storytelling alongside the prevailing doctrinal method. That method, relaying the coloniality of law and captured by the acronym IRAC (issue(s), rules, application, and conclusion), trains students to approach conflict in society through a highly abstract and decontextualised problem-solving model. Lately, some (Western) social scientists have (re)discovered the practicality of storytelling in presenting analysis and research. However, in African oral traditions, stories worked differently from the manner in which those scientists employ them. African storytelling played a leading role, not only in conveying collective wisdom and social memory from one generation to the next, but also as a medium through which communities transmit the values that hold them together. Contribution: This article adds to the scholarship on storytelling and narratology by showing how educators can utilise stories to analyse legal questions. That rich scholarship in the humanities and the social sciences has so far not taken seriously the possibility of using stories to analyse research problems. Instead, scholars focus on storytelling mainly as a way of presenting science, not as an analytical tool. This article bridges that gap and demonstrates the analytical value of storytelling. Keywords: decolonisation of knowledge; decolonial theory; storytelling; Africa; analysis; epistemology; legal education; oral tradition.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Zongwe, Dunia P
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Decolonization Storytelling Law--Study and teaching Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6989 , vital:52634 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i2.6828"
- Description: Activists and academics have clamoured for the decolonisation of knowledge, including law. But, unfortunately hardly anyone has put forth strategies for how faculties should decolonise the law. A number of jurists have underscored the necessity to draw on customary laws and traditional values. Still, the #RhodesMustFall movement has, for the most part, been loud on the outcomes, but quiet on the methodologies. Joining the conversation on the decolonisation of epistemologies, this article contributes to the ongoing efforts to sanitise the law by proposing to revive African oral storytelling cultures as a way to analyse the questions of law facing society. To live up to this task, this article adopts decolonial theory and, through stylised examples, illustrates how lawyers and social scientists in Africa can utilise storytelling to contextualise, (de)construct, and comprehend those questions. This article assumes that lawyers can use African storytelling alongside the prevailing doctrinal method. That method, relaying the coloniality of law and captured by the acronym IRAC (issue(s), rules, application, and conclusion), trains students to approach conflict in society through a highly abstract and decontextualised problem-solving model. Lately, some (Western) social scientists have (re)discovered the practicality of storytelling in presenting analysis and research. However, in African oral traditions, stories worked differently from the manner in which those scientists employ them. African storytelling played a leading role, not only in conveying collective wisdom and social memory from one generation to the next, but also as a medium through which communities transmit the values that hold them together. Contribution: This article adds to the scholarship on storytelling and narratology by showing how educators can utilise stories to analyse legal questions. That rich scholarship in the humanities and the social sciences has so far not taken seriously the possibility of using stories to analyse research problems. Instead, scholars focus on storytelling mainly as a way of presenting science, not as an analytical tool. This article bridges that gap and demonstrates the analytical value of storytelling. Keywords: decolonisation of knowledge; decolonial theory; storytelling; Africa; analysis; epistemology; legal education; oral tradition.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
The stories African lawyers could tell when analysing legal issues: Lessons for social sciences teachers
- Authors: Zongwe, Dunia P
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Decolonization Storytelling Law--Study and teaching Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7215 , vital:53086 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i2.6828"
- Description: Activists and academics have clamoured for the decolonisation of knowledge, including law. But, unfortunately hardly anyone has put forth strategies for how faculties should decolonise the law. A number of jurists have underscored the necessity to draw on customary laws and traditional values. Still, the #RhodesMustFall movement has, for the most part, been loud on the outcomes, but quiet on the methodologies. Joining the conversation on the decolonisation of epistemologies, this article contributes to the ongoing efforts to sanitise the law by proposing to revive African oral storytelling cultures as a way to analyse the questions of law facing society. To live up to this task, this article adopts decolonial theory and, through stylised examples, illustrates how lawyers and social scientists in Africa can utilise storytelling to contextualise, (de)construct, and comprehend those questions. This article assumes that lawyers can use African storytelling alongside the prevailing doctrinal method. That method, relaying the coloniality of law and captured by the acronym IRAC (issue(s), rules, application, and conclusion), trains students to approach conflict in society through a highly abstract and decontextualised problem-solving model. Lately, some (Western) social scientists have (re)discovered the practicality of storytelling in presenting analysis and research. However, in African oral traditions, stories worked differently from the manner in which those scientists employ them. African storytelling played a leading role, not only in conveying collective wisdom and social memory from one generation to the next, but also as a medium through which communities transmit the values that hold them together. Contribution: This article adds to the scholarship on storytelling and narratology by showing how educators can utilise stories to analyse legal questions. That rich scholarship in the humanities and the social sciences has so far not taken seriously the possibility of using stories to analyse research problems. Instead, scholars focus on storytelling mainly as a way of presenting science, not as an analytical tool. This article bridges that gap and demonstrates the analytical value of storytelling. Keywords: decolonisation of knowledge; decolonial theory; storytelling; Africa; analysis; epistemology; legal education; oral tradition.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Zongwe, Dunia P
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Decolonization Storytelling Law--Study and teaching Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7215 , vital:53086 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i2.6828"
- Description: Activists and academics have clamoured for the decolonisation of knowledge, including law. But, unfortunately hardly anyone has put forth strategies for how faculties should decolonise the law. A number of jurists have underscored the necessity to draw on customary laws and traditional values. Still, the #RhodesMustFall movement has, for the most part, been loud on the outcomes, but quiet on the methodologies. Joining the conversation on the decolonisation of epistemologies, this article contributes to the ongoing efforts to sanitise the law by proposing to revive African oral storytelling cultures as a way to analyse the questions of law facing society. To live up to this task, this article adopts decolonial theory and, through stylised examples, illustrates how lawyers and social scientists in Africa can utilise storytelling to contextualise, (de)construct, and comprehend those questions. This article assumes that lawyers can use African storytelling alongside the prevailing doctrinal method. That method, relaying the coloniality of law and captured by the acronym IRAC (issue(s), rules, application, and conclusion), trains students to approach conflict in society through a highly abstract and decontextualised problem-solving model. Lately, some (Western) social scientists have (re)discovered the practicality of storytelling in presenting analysis and research. However, in African oral traditions, stories worked differently from the manner in which those scientists employ them. African storytelling played a leading role, not only in conveying collective wisdom and social memory from one generation to the next, but also as a medium through which communities transmit the values that hold them together. Contribution: This article adds to the scholarship on storytelling and narratology by showing how educators can utilise stories to analyse legal questions. That rich scholarship in the humanities and the social sciences has so far not taken seriously the possibility of using stories to analyse research problems. Instead, scholars focus on storytelling mainly as a way of presenting science, not as an analytical tool. This article bridges that gap and demonstrates the analytical value of storytelling. Keywords: decolonisation of knowledge; decolonial theory; storytelling; Africa; analysis; epistemology; legal education; oral tradition.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021