The effect of regional integration on socio-economic development in countries of the Southern African customs union: the case of South Africa and Botswana 2000-2020
- Authors: Liwela, Ncumisa
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Customs unions -- South Africa , Customs unions -- Botswana , Economic development -- Africa -- 21st century
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72298 , vital:79208
- Description: Globally, regional integration is becoming extensively important and significant, particularly in developing economies like those in Africa. The primary reason for its broad and wide adoption is its capacity to uphold and promote long-term improvements in economic productivity and living standards, boost economic growth, facilitate trade and enhance access to crucial and significant resources. Regional integration is an intrinsic aspect of developing economies and is considered a feasible policy alternative in modern literature for addressing various political, economic and sociological concerns. This study looks into the effect of regional integration in the context of socio- economic development in the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), focusing on South Africa and Botswana from the year 2000 to 2020. Socio- economic development in this context refers to economic growth, employment levels, income distribution, poverty reduction and overall improvements in living standards. The research investigates how SACU’s regional integration framework- through trade policies, revenue-sharing mechanisms, and economic cooperation- has influenced these socio-economic indicators in the two countries. A quantitative research design is employed, utilising secondary data analysis to measure the impact of SACU’s policies on key socio-economic variables. Economic indicators such as GDP growth, employment rates, trade flows and income disparities are analysed to assess the extent to which regional integration has contributed to sustainable development and economic convergence. The findings reveal that while SACU has facilitated trade and economic collaboration, persistent structural inequalities, policy misalignments and external economic challenges have and still constrains its effectiveness in fostering equitable socio-economic development. The study concludes with policy recommendations to enhance regional integration’s role in promoting inclusive and sustainable growth within SACU. This research contributes to the understanding of regional integration’s potential to drive socio-economic development in Southern Africa and offers insights for future policy directions. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences,2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Liwela, Ncumisa
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Customs unions -- South Africa , Customs unions -- Botswana , Economic development -- Africa -- 21st century
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72298 , vital:79208
- Description: Globally, regional integration is becoming extensively important and significant, particularly in developing economies like those in Africa. The primary reason for its broad and wide adoption is its capacity to uphold and promote long-term improvements in economic productivity and living standards, boost economic growth, facilitate trade and enhance access to crucial and significant resources. Regional integration is an intrinsic aspect of developing economies and is considered a feasible policy alternative in modern literature for addressing various political, economic and sociological concerns. This study looks into the effect of regional integration in the context of socio- economic development in the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), focusing on South Africa and Botswana from the year 2000 to 2020. Socio- economic development in this context refers to economic growth, employment levels, income distribution, poverty reduction and overall improvements in living standards. The research investigates how SACU’s regional integration framework- through trade policies, revenue-sharing mechanisms, and economic cooperation- has influenced these socio-economic indicators in the two countries. A quantitative research design is employed, utilising secondary data analysis to measure the impact of SACU’s policies on key socio-economic variables. Economic indicators such as GDP growth, employment rates, trade flows and income disparities are analysed to assess the extent to which regional integration has contributed to sustainable development and economic convergence. The findings reveal that while SACU has facilitated trade and economic collaboration, persistent structural inequalities, policy misalignments and external economic challenges have and still constrains its effectiveness in fostering equitable socio-economic development. The study concludes with policy recommendations to enhance regional integration’s role in promoting inclusive and sustainable growth within SACU. This research contributes to the understanding of regional integration’s potential to drive socio-economic development in Southern Africa and offers insights for future policy directions. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences,2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policies towards addressing output gaps in South Africa
- Authors: Gcadana, Nqabisa Mary
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Fiscal policy -- South Africa , Monetary policy -- South Africa , Economic indicators -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72702 , vital:79249
- Description: The study examined fiscal and monetary policies' effectiveness in addressing the output gap in South Africa. The study used the HP filter formula on EViews to calculate the output gap values. Fiscal policy was measured by two proxies, government expenditure and government revenue, while monetary policy was also proxied by two variables: prime lending rate and money supply. The study employed two research techniques, NLADRL and SVAR, using data from the period 1980 to 2021. The theories that underpinned the study are Keynesian, monetarist, and business cycles. The NLARDL results show the countercyclical nature of fiscal policy via government expenditure and the positive cycle of government expenditure that exhibited a negative relationship and is statistically significant. However, in the short term, the positive cycle of government expenditure exhibited a negative relationship and are statistically significant association with the output gap, while the monetary policy, via the prime lending rate, exhibits a procyclical relationship. There is a positive relationship between the prime lending rate and the output gap, while the negative cycle of the prime lending rate that is significant statistically at 1 percent, thus, the positive cycle of the prime lending rate p-value 0.85 is statistically insignificant. The variance decomposition of the output gap variables in the SVAR analysis reveals significant differences in how the explanatory variables respond to shocks. Overall, the prime lending rate emerges as the most impactful shock affecting the South African economy during recessionary periods. Given the outcomes of the study showing that both the fiscal and monetary policies are not effective as opt to be, the study then suggest that structural reforms should be considered in South Africa and the matter of structural adjustment are discussed under the chapter of literature review. The study concludes that whilst both fiscal and monetary policies are essential tools to address output gaps in South Africa, structural constraints must be addressed. The study suggests that there is an urgent need for the implementation of structural reforms to sustain economic growth in South Africa. It is recommended that South African policymakers pay special attention to the structural constraints that continue to neutralise the effect of both fiscal and monetary policies in South Africa. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Gcadana, Nqabisa Mary
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Fiscal policy -- South Africa , Monetary policy -- South Africa , Economic indicators -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72702 , vital:79249
- Description: The study examined fiscal and monetary policies' effectiveness in addressing the output gap in South Africa. The study used the HP filter formula on EViews to calculate the output gap values. Fiscal policy was measured by two proxies, government expenditure and government revenue, while monetary policy was also proxied by two variables: prime lending rate and money supply. The study employed two research techniques, NLADRL and SVAR, using data from the period 1980 to 2021. The theories that underpinned the study are Keynesian, monetarist, and business cycles. The NLARDL results show the countercyclical nature of fiscal policy via government expenditure and the positive cycle of government expenditure that exhibited a negative relationship and is statistically significant. However, in the short term, the positive cycle of government expenditure exhibited a negative relationship and are statistically significant association with the output gap, while the monetary policy, via the prime lending rate, exhibits a procyclical relationship. There is a positive relationship between the prime lending rate and the output gap, while the negative cycle of the prime lending rate that is significant statistically at 1 percent, thus, the positive cycle of the prime lending rate p-value 0.85 is statistically insignificant. The variance decomposition of the output gap variables in the SVAR analysis reveals significant differences in how the explanatory variables respond to shocks. Overall, the prime lending rate emerges as the most impactful shock affecting the South African economy during recessionary periods. Given the outcomes of the study showing that both the fiscal and monetary policies are not effective as opt to be, the study then suggest that structural reforms should be considered in South Africa and the matter of structural adjustment are discussed under the chapter of literature review. The study concludes that whilst both fiscal and monetary policies are essential tools to address output gaps in South Africa, structural constraints must be addressed. The study suggests that there is an urgent need for the implementation of structural reforms to sustain economic growth in South Africa. It is recommended that South African policymakers pay special attention to the structural constraints that continue to neutralise the effect of both fiscal and monetary policies in South Africa. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The implications of electric vehicle implementation for employment levels in the Eastern Cape’s automotive sector
- Authors: Coetzee, Marius George
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Unemployment -- South Africa , Electric vehicles -- South Africa , Automotive Industry -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72022 , vital:79178
- Description: The global transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is steadily gaining momentum, with over one million EV sales recorded in 2022, which accounts for 1.3% of total vehicle sales. This shift, largely driven by climate change initiatives and the need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, has led many countries to announce plans to phase out internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. South Africa, particularly the Eastern Cape province which is a hub for the country’s automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), is significantly impacted by these technological advancements. The automotive industry in the province, which contributes 13% to the provincial GDP and employs approximately 55,000 people, is vital to the Eastern Cape’s economy. However, the transition from ICE vehicles to EVs may bring about socio-economic challenges, particularly in terms of employment within this critical sector. This study investigated the potential impact of EV adoption on employment in the Eastern Cape's automotive industry, with a focus on three core areas: EV charging infrastructure, battery manufacturing, and skills development. The shift towards EVs is expected to disrupt ICE vehicle production, which raises concerns regarding job losses due to the reduced complexity of EVs, which contain significantly fewer moving parts than do ICE vehicles (that is, 20 versus 2,000, respectively). This could lead to a decline in demand for automotive components, which would likely result in factory closures and job reductions across the province. The study sought to answer the central question: "What effect does EV implementation have on employment levels in the Eastern Cape’s automotive sector?" To explore this, the study examined the roles of charging infrastructure, battery manufacturing, and skills development, with the aim of providing insights into the broader socio-economic consequences of South Africa’s transition to EVs. An online survey was conducted to collect data for this study; this survey targeted 60 respondents, with 35% of these respondents having completed the questionnaire, thus resulting in a research sample of 21 participants. The hypotheses testing, which was , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Coetzee, Marius George
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Unemployment -- South Africa , Electric vehicles -- South Africa , Automotive Industry -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72022 , vital:79178
- Description: The global transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is steadily gaining momentum, with over one million EV sales recorded in 2022, which accounts for 1.3% of total vehicle sales. This shift, largely driven by climate change initiatives and the need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, has led many countries to announce plans to phase out internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. South Africa, particularly the Eastern Cape province which is a hub for the country’s automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), is significantly impacted by these technological advancements. The automotive industry in the province, which contributes 13% to the provincial GDP and employs approximately 55,000 people, is vital to the Eastern Cape’s economy. However, the transition from ICE vehicles to EVs may bring about socio-economic challenges, particularly in terms of employment within this critical sector. This study investigated the potential impact of EV adoption on employment in the Eastern Cape's automotive industry, with a focus on three core areas: EV charging infrastructure, battery manufacturing, and skills development. The shift towards EVs is expected to disrupt ICE vehicle production, which raises concerns regarding job losses due to the reduced complexity of EVs, which contain significantly fewer moving parts than do ICE vehicles (that is, 20 versus 2,000, respectively). This could lead to a decline in demand for automotive components, which would likely result in factory closures and job reductions across the province. The study sought to answer the central question: "What effect does EV implementation have on employment levels in the Eastern Cape’s automotive sector?" To explore this, the study examined the roles of charging infrastructure, battery manufacturing, and skills development, with the aim of providing insights into the broader socio-economic consequences of South Africa’s transition to EVs. An online survey was conducted to collect data for this study; this survey targeted 60 respondents, with 35% of these respondents having completed the questionnaire, thus resulting in a research sample of 21 participants. The hypotheses testing, which was , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The post-covid-19 socio-economic effects on small businesses in the city of Tshwane, Gauteng
- Authors: Ajayi,Johnson Olumayowa
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: COVID-19 (Disease) -- Economic aspects , Small business -- Management , Small business -- South Africa -- Gauteng
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/71937 , vital:79159
- Description: The study is a descriptive, narrative-exploratory research study investigating the post- COVID-19 effects on small businesses in the City of Tshwane. The COVID-19 pandemic was an abrupt disruption to global order. This study used both the exploratory and narrative approach of the qualitative methodology to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the trade and manufacturing sectors in the post-COVID-19 era. The open-ended interview guide was used to collect primary data; the study used a hybrid method of qualitative data analysis, i.e., both content and thematic methods for the qualitative data analysis. To achieve trustworthiness, the following were considered: data credibility, dependability, confirmability, validity and reliability. The empirical data analysis was completed deductively, deriving themes after coding captured data. Descriptive statistics were also evaluated to provide demographic information about the participants. The results from both data analysis methods were compared and verified to establish the data's trustworthiness. The findings show the impact of COVID-19 on small business activities, which have been devastating and caused a significant disruption in global economic activity; many small businesses closed down, sources of income were impoverished, and many jobs were lost. There were also adverse effects on the government revenue generation capacity and capability to respond to pandemics. In conclusion, it is recommended that governments proactively respond to future outbreaks by providing tactful COVID-19 awareness training and intervention skills through public engagement. it's imperative to provide adequate support to all small businesses. It recommended that the government and stakeholders articulate further investigations into the COVID-19 pandemic disruption, providing overarching insight into the phenomenon experienced. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Ajayi,Johnson Olumayowa
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: COVID-19 (Disease) -- Economic aspects , Small business -- Management , Small business -- South Africa -- Gauteng
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/71937 , vital:79159
- Description: The study is a descriptive, narrative-exploratory research study investigating the post- COVID-19 effects on small businesses in the City of Tshwane. The COVID-19 pandemic was an abrupt disruption to global order. This study used both the exploratory and narrative approach of the qualitative methodology to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the trade and manufacturing sectors in the post-COVID-19 era. The open-ended interview guide was used to collect primary data; the study used a hybrid method of qualitative data analysis, i.e., both content and thematic methods for the qualitative data analysis. To achieve trustworthiness, the following were considered: data credibility, dependability, confirmability, validity and reliability. The empirical data analysis was completed deductively, deriving themes after coding captured data. Descriptive statistics were also evaluated to provide demographic information about the participants. The results from both data analysis methods were compared and verified to establish the data's trustworthiness. The findings show the impact of COVID-19 on small business activities, which have been devastating and caused a significant disruption in global economic activity; many small businesses closed down, sources of income were impoverished, and many jobs were lost. There were also adverse effects on the government revenue generation capacity and capability to respond to pandemics. In conclusion, it is recommended that governments proactively respond to future outbreaks by providing tactful COVID-19 awareness training and intervention skills through public engagement. it's imperative to provide adequate support to all small businesses. It recommended that the government and stakeholders articulate further investigations into the COVID-19 pandemic disruption, providing overarching insight into the phenomenon experienced. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The relationship between job satisfaction and motivating climate: the mediation of decent work
- Authors: Hufkie, Christopher
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Job satisfaction -- South Africa , Employee motivation -- South Africa , Organizational effectiveness -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72717 , vital:79250
- Description: The ability of an organisation to utilise, cultivate, maintain, and keep skilled workers is a significant factor in determining its level of success. Keeping a workforce that is deeply dedicated to the organisation has emerged as a top goal for the majority of businesses. The process of identifying and treating the factors that contribute to job insecurity is beneficial to employee retention. This is essential to improve employee performance at work. In order to research the moderating effects of decent work on the link between motivating climate and job satisfaction, the study utilised a sample of private sector employees working for an automotive distributor. The goal of the study was to investigate the impacts of decent work. By concentrating on the moderating effect that decent work has in the relationship between employee job satisfaction and motivating climate, the purpose of the study was to determine the significance of individual-level performance when it comes to the diagnosis of performance difficulties at the automotive distributor. The outcomes of this study would be of use to the administration of the automobile distributor in determining areas in which there is room for improvement on the methods of motivating staff. In addition, the findings of the study will offer insights to the commercial sector and other organisations regarding the concept of a decent work environment, as well as its influence on the level of job satisfaction and motivating climate experienced by employees. These findings will be of great assistance to these organisations and will help them to modify their management practices. A quantitative survey was employed using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 160 surveys were distributed. After data cleaning, a total of 127 surveys were deemed usable. The general findings that were highlighted in this study are that there is a favourable association between job performance and decent work done by employees as well as employee motivation. Additionally, they have a considerable and favourable influence on the performance of the job. According to the findings of the study, the three components of decent work—free time and rest, access to healthcare, and safe working conditions—have a strong moderating effect on the relationship between employee motivation and job performance. This is the conclusion reached by the researcher. In light of this, it is imperative that methods be discovered to maintain the motivation of workers in order to enhance the level of job satisfaction they experience. Policymakers should develop policies that are effective in the workplace. These policies should ensure that conditions that are conducive to employee motivation are maintained at the workplace, in addition to providing decent working conditions. The achievement of higher levels of productivity and performance by employees is a significant consequence of this outcome. This study's findings offer preliminary insights that contribute to the existing body of research concerning decent work in relation to employee job satisfaction and the motivating climate in the field of human resource management in the setting of South Africa. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Hufkie, Christopher
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Job satisfaction -- South Africa , Employee motivation -- South Africa , Organizational effectiveness -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72717 , vital:79250
- Description: The ability of an organisation to utilise, cultivate, maintain, and keep skilled workers is a significant factor in determining its level of success. Keeping a workforce that is deeply dedicated to the organisation has emerged as a top goal for the majority of businesses. The process of identifying and treating the factors that contribute to job insecurity is beneficial to employee retention. This is essential to improve employee performance at work. In order to research the moderating effects of decent work on the link between motivating climate and job satisfaction, the study utilised a sample of private sector employees working for an automotive distributor. The goal of the study was to investigate the impacts of decent work. By concentrating on the moderating effect that decent work has in the relationship between employee job satisfaction and motivating climate, the purpose of the study was to determine the significance of individual-level performance when it comes to the diagnosis of performance difficulties at the automotive distributor. The outcomes of this study would be of use to the administration of the automobile distributor in determining areas in which there is room for improvement on the methods of motivating staff. In addition, the findings of the study will offer insights to the commercial sector and other organisations regarding the concept of a decent work environment, as well as its influence on the level of job satisfaction and motivating climate experienced by employees. These findings will be of great assistance to these organisations and will help them to modify their management practices. A quantitative survey was employed using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 160 surveys were distributed. After data cleaning, a total of 127 surveys were deemed usable. The general findings that were highlighted in this study are that there is a favourable association between job performance and decent work done by employees as well as employee motivation. Additionally, they have a considerable and favourable influence on the performance of the job. According to the findings of the study, the three components of decent work—free time and rest, access to healthcare, and safe working conditions—have a strong moderating effect on the relationship between employee motivation and job performance. This is the conclusion reached by the researcher. In light of this, it is imperative that methods be discovered to maintain the motivation of workers in order to enhance the level of job satisfaction they experience. Policymakers should develop policies that are effective in the workplace. These policies should ensure that conditions that are conducive to employee motivation are maintained at the workplace, in addition to providing decent working conditions. The achievement of higher levels of productivity and performance by employees is a significant consequence of this outcome. This study's findings offer preliminary insights that contribute to the existing body of research concerning decent work in relation to employee job satisfaction and the motivating climate in the field of human resource management in the setting of South Africa. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The role of microfinance in small, medium, and micro-enterprises in Gqeberha
- Authors: Dolo, Anita
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Microfinance -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Small business -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Economic development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72668 , vital:79246
- Description: This treatise examined the role of microfinance to support the growth, sustainability, and socio-economic development of small, medium, and micro-enterprises (SMMEs) in Gqeberha, South Africa. SMMEs are vital for local economic development, yet they face barriers to formal financial access, including limited credit histories, lack of collateral, and a risk-averse banking sector. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) have emerged as essential sources of accessible financial products tailored to SMMEs' unique needs. This research assessed the effectiveness of microfinance in facilitating capital access, fostering entrepreneurship, and alleviating poverty in Gqeberha, ultimately contributing to community well-being. By analysing current microfinance initiatives and identifying operational gaps, this study provided insights for policymakers and practitioners seeking to optimise MFI support for SMMEs. The results show that microfinance has the potential to help local economies become more stable by building a foundation for long-term SMME growth and showing how to make economies more resilient in similar situations. This study explored the role of microfinance in supporting SMMEs in Gqeberha, focusing on financial accessibility, resilience, and growth. A qualitative approach was employed, using a case study design to provide in-depth insights. The research relied on purposive sampling to select 30 relevant documents from reputable sources, such as government reports and research organisations. Data analysis was conducted through content analysis and thematic coding, enabling the identification of key themes related to financial support, operational challenges, and potential strategies for SMME sustainability in Gqeberha. The findings revealed that while SMMEs are pivotal to local economic development, they face substantial challenges, including limited financial accessibility, infrastructure deficits, and stringent regulatory demands. Data collected indicated that 74 percent of SMME owners report difficulties in securing affordable financing, while 68 percent identified inadequate support services as a major barrier. The research recommends specific changes: establishing government-supported funding programmes with subsidised interest rates and reduced collateral requirements, launching targeted capacity-building initiatives to enhance financial and operational skills, and forming public-private partnerships for risk-sharing. This work contributed to the field by highlighting MFIs' role in addressing systemic barriers for SMMEs and underscoring the need for sustainable support frameworks. These insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers and development agencies to foster a more inclusive and resilient economy in South Africa. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Dolo, Anita
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Microfinance -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Small business -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Economic development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72668 , vital:79246
- Description: This treatise examined the role of microfinance to support the growth, sustainability, and socio-economic development of small, medium, and micro-enterprises (SMMEs) in Gqeberha, South Africa. SMMEs are vital for local economic development, yet they face barriers to formal financial access, including limited credit histories, lack of collateral, and a risk-averse banking sector. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) have emerged as essential sources of accessible financial products tailored to SMMEs' unique needs. This research assessed the effectiveness of microfinance in facilitating capital access, fostering entrepreneurship, and alleviating poverty in Gqeberha, ultimately contributing to community well-being. By analysing current microfinance initiatives and identifying operational gaps, this study provided insights for policymakers and practitioners seeking to optimise MFI support for SMMEs. The results show that microfinance has the potential to help local economies become more stable by building a foundation for long-term SMME growth and showing how to make economies more resilient in similar situations. This study explored the role of microfinance in supporting SMMEs in Gqeberha, focusing on financial accessibility, resilience, and growth. A qualitative approach was employed, using a case study design to provide in-depth insights. The research relied on purposive sampling to select 30 relevant documents from reputable sources, such as government reports and research organisations. Data analysis was conducted through content analysis and thematic coding, enabling the identification of key themes related to financial support, operational challenges, and potential strategies for SMME sustainability in Gqeberha. The findings revealed that while SMMEs are pivotal to local economic development, they face substantial challenges, including limited financial accessibility, infrastructure deficits, and stringent regulatory demands. Data collected indicated that 74 percent of SMME owners report difficulties in securing affordable financing, while 68 percent identified inadequate support services as a major barrier. The research recommends specific changes: establishing government-supported funding programmes with subsidised interest rates and reduced collateral requirements, launching targeted capacity-building initiatives to enhance financial and operational skills, and forming public-private partnerships for risk-sharing. This work contributed to the field by highlighting MFIs' role in addressing systemic barriers for SMMEs and underscoring the need for sustainable support frameworks. These insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers and development agencies to foster a more inclusive and resilient economy in South Africa. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The setting of South Africa’s national minimum wage: an investigation into representative and participatory social dialogue
- Authors: Andrews, Adriaan
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Minimum wage -- South Africa , Wages -- South Africa , Labour relations -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/71959 , vital:79161
- Description: In 1994, South Africa entered a new democratic era, culminating in the adoption of a new constitution in 1996. This constitution promotes representative and participatory democracy for all citizens. Through representative democracy, the electorate chooses political representatives to serve at local, provincial, and national levels. Participatory democracy, on the other hand, aims to involve citizens directly in decision-making processes that affect their lives, particularly in socio-economic matters (Finnemore & Koekemoer, 2018; Republic of South Africa, Public Participation Framework for the South African Legislative Sector, 2013). This research investigated representative and participatory democracy, social dialogue, and their application in developing the National Minimum Wage. The study explored the four institutions involved in the National Minimum Wage’s progression: the initiation at the National Economic Development and Labour Council where the actors went into negotiation; bargaining councils information sharing via roadshows conducted by the Department of Employment and Labour, discussions in both houses of Parliament, and the National Minimum Wage Commission, which oversees the maintenance and annual review of the wage rate. The primary objective of the study was to assess the extent to which the social dialogue principle of representation for all interested parties was upheld across these institutions. To achieve this, the research employed a qualitative approach, with exploratory and descriptive methods. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with ten respondents, eight of whom were interviewed, while two provided written responses, and through secondary data, namely the parliamentary committee minutes from the National Assembly and the National Council of Provinces. The findings revealed significant shortcomings in representation at National Economic Development and Labour Council. Labour representation was dominated by three federations, Congress of South African Tade Unions, Federation of Unions of South Africa, and National Council of Trade Unions, leaving out trade unions unaffiliated with these federations and unorganised workers, including those in informal employment. Similarly, business representation was confined to a single confederation, Business Unity of South Africa, representing primarily large, organised businesses, with little to no input from small and medium-sized enterprises or informal employers. Government representation was limited to the national level, excluding local and provincial representatives and affected departments such as Tourism, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Small Business Development, and Women, Youth, and People with Disabilities. Community representation, which should have represented the voices of the unrepresented, only reflected a small fraction of the population. According to Treasury (2016) the negotiation process at National Economic Development and Labour Council was central to developing the Bill but excluded many affected and interested groups. During a deadlock in negotiations, then-Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa introduced an advisory panel of external experts to facilitate progress. Meanwhile, the Department of Employment and Labour conducted roadshows, ostensibly to share information with bargaining councils. However, limited data makes it unclear whether these roadshows effectively reached unrepresented groups. In Parliament, the Bill underwent deliberation in both houses, where political representatives engaged in committee discussions. Public participation was facilitated through written and verbal submissions, with a total of 92 submissions received. However, these submissions predominantly came from well-resourced organisations, and organisations already represented at National Economic Development and Labour Council. Vulnerable, unorganised, and underrepresented groups remained largely excluded from the public participation process, which some political representatives noted as disproportionately favouring the elite. The Bill was finally debated in the National Assembly by political representatives and became an Act on the 29th of May 2018 (Parliamentary Monitoring Group, 2017). The National Minimum Wage Commission comprises members from labour, business, and the community, reflecting the representation structure of National Economic Development and Labour Council as outlined in its founding Act. However, the one key representation present at National Economic Development and Labour Council but absent from the Commission is government representation. Additionally, the Commission includes external experts appointed at the discretion of the Minister of Employment and Labour (Department of Employment and Labour, 2021; National Minimum Wage Act, 2023).Given the majority of the Commission's composition mirrors National Economic Development and Labour Council, it implies that the representation challenges identified at National Economic Development and Labour Council have also been carried over to the Commission. Furthermore, the Minister of Employment and Labour holds significant authority, as the Commission’s role is limited to providing recommendations, with the final decision-making power resting with the Minister. What remains unclear is whether the Minister consults with other ministers from affected departments before making decisions based on the Commission’s recommendations regarding the minimum wage (National Minimum Wage Act, 2023). Furthermore, the research also explored satisfaction levels among National Economic Development and Labour Council respondents regarding the Bill that proceeded to Parliament. While respondents expressed general satisfaction, it is notable that labour representatives at National Economic Development and Labour Council made additional submissions in Parliament, suggesting that they were not entirely satisfied with the Bill in its original form that left National Economic Development and Labour Council. Given the representation and participation challenges identified throughout the process, the findings of this study reveal significant gaps in opportunities for all parties affected by the introduction of a national minimum wage to contribute meaningfully to the negotiation processes at National Economic Development and Labour Council, consultations within parliamentary portfolio committees, roadshows by the Department of Employment and Labour, and the annual review conducted by the National Minimum Wage Commission. To address these gaps, the researcher recommends that the National Economic Development and Labour Council implement a standardized scoping mechanism to ensure the inclusion of all affected stakeholders before new legislation is discussed. Additionally, Parliament should consider adopting an integrated, cross-portfolio approach to legislative development, while the National Minimum Wage Commission should expand the scope of its annual research on minimum wages. For the National Economic Development and Labour Council, the effective implementation of a more inclusive approach requires a robust and standardised mechanism for identifying and engaging all relevant stakeholders. In Parliament,portfolio committees could enhance accessibility by establishing more inclusive platforms for public participation. To strengthen the National Minimum Wage Commission’s annual review process, researchers could employ diverse methodologies to ensure a broader and more comprehensive assessment. Furthermore, all institutions involved should explore the role of digital and hybrid engagement platforms in enhancing participatory democracy. For future research, the study recommends establishing focus groups comprising individuals directly affected by the National Minimum Wage Bill. Additionally, further research should include case studies on the passage of other pieces of South African legislation to assess the extent and effectiveness of participatory democracy in legislative processes. Finally, the development of a more inclusive model for the National Economic Development and Labour Council, tailored to South Africa’s unique socio-economic structure, should be explored. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resources, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Andrews, Adriaan
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Minimum wage -- South Africa , Wages -- South Africa , Labour relations -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/71959 , vital:79161
- Description: In 1994, South Africa entered a new democratic era, culminating in the adoption of a new constitution in 1996. This constitution promotes representative and participatory democracy for all citizens. Through representative democracy, the electorate chooses political representatives to serve at local, provincial, and national levels. Participatory democracy, on the other hand, aims to involve citizens directly in decision-making processes that affect their lives, particularly in socio-economic matters (Finnemore & Koekemoer, 2018; Republic of South Africa, Public Participation Framework for the South African Legislative Sector, 2013). This research investigated representative and participatory democracy, social dialogue, and their application in developing the National Minimum Wage. The study explored the four institutions involved in the National Minimum Wage’s progression: the initiation at the National Economic Development and Labour Council where the actors went into negotiation; bargaining councils information sharing via roadshows conducted by the Department of Employment and Labour, discussions in both houses of Parliament, and the National Minimum Wage Commission, which oversees the maintenance and annual review of the wage rate. The primary objective of the study was to assess the extent to which the social dialogue principle of representation for all interested parties was upheld across these institutions. To achieve this, the research employed a qualitative approach, with exploratory and descriptive methods. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with ten respondents, eight of whom were interviewed, while two provided written responses, and through secondary data, namely the parliamentary committee minutes from the National Assembly and the National Council of Provinces. The findings revealed significant shortcomings in representation at National Economic Development and Labour Council. Labour representation was dominated by three federations, Congress of South African Tade Unions, Federation of Unions of South Africa, and National Council of Trade Unions, leaving out trade unions unaffiliated with these federations and unorganised workers, including those in informal employment. Similarly, business representation was confined to a single confederation, Business Unity of South Africa, representing primarily large, organised businesses, with little to no input from small and medium-sized enterprises or informal employers. Government representation was limited to the national level, excluding local and provincial representatives and affected departments such as Tourism, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Small Business Development, and Women, Youth, and People with Disabilities. Community representation, which should have represented the voices of the unrepresented, only reflected a small fraction of the population. According to Treasury (2016) the negotiation process at National Economic Development and Labour Council was central to developing the Bill but excluded many affected and interested groups. During a deadlock in negotiations, then-Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa introduced an advisory panel of external experts to facilitate progress. Meanwhile, the Department of Employment and Labour conducted roadshows, ostensibly to share information with bargaining councils. However, limited data makes it unclear whether these roadshows effectively reached unrepresented groups. In Parliament, the Bill underwent deliberation in both houses, where political representatives engaged in committee discussions. Public participation was facilitated through written and verbal submissions, with a total of 92 submissions received. However, these submissions predominantly came from well-resourced organisations, and organisations already represented at National Economic Development and Labour Council. Vulnerable, unorganised, and underrepresented groups remained largely excluded from the public participation process, which some political representatives noted as disproportionately favouring the elite. The Bill was finally debated in the National Assembly by political representatives and became an Act on the 29th of May 2018 (Parliamentary Monitoring Group, 2017). The National Minimum Wage Commission comprises members from labour, business, and the community, reflecting the representation structure of National Economic Development and Labour Council as outlined in its founding Act. However, the one key representation present at National Economic Development and Labour Council but absent from the Commission is government representation. Additionally, the Commission includes external experts appointed at the discretion of the Minister of Employment and Labour (Department of Employment and Labour, 2021; National Minimum Wage Act, 2023).Given the majority of the Commission's composition mirrors National Economic Development and Labour Council, it implies that the representation challenges identified at National Economic Development and Labour Council have also been carried over to the Commission. Furthermore, the Minister of Employment and Labour holds significant authority, as the Commission’s role is limited to providing recommendations, with the final decision-making power resting with the Minister. What remains unclear is whether the Minister consults with other ministers from affected departments before making decisions based on the Commission’s recommendations regarding the minimum wage (National Minimum Wage Act, 2023). Furthermore, the research also explored satisfaction levels among National Economic Development and Labour Council respondents regarding the Bill that proceeded to Parliament. While respondents expressed general satisfaction, it is notable that labour representatives at National Economic Development and Labour Council made additional submissions in Parliament, suggesting that they were not entirely satisfied with the Bill in its original form that left National Economic Development and Labour Council. Given the representation and participation challenges identified throughout the process, the findings of this study reveal significant gaps in opportunities for all parties affected by the introduction of a national minimum wage to contribute meaningfully to the negotiation processes at National Economic Development and Labour Council, consultations within parliamentary portfolio committees, roadshows by the Department of Employment and Labour, and the annual review conducted by the National Minimum Wage Commission. To address these gaps, the researcher recommends that the National Economic Development and Labour Council implement a standardized scoping mechanism to ensure the inclusion of all affected stakeholders before new legislation is discussed. Additionally, Parliament should consider adopting an integrated, cross-portfolio approach to legislative development, while the National Minimum Wage Commission should expand the scope of its annual research on minimum wages. For the National Economic Development and Labour Council, the effective implementation of a more inclusive approach requires a robust and standardised mechanism for identifying and engaging all relevant stakeholders. In Parliament,portfolio committees could enhance accessibility by establishing more inclusive platforms for public participation. To strengthen the National Minimum Wage Commission’s annual review process, researchers could employ diverse methodologies to ensure a broader and more comprehensive assessment. Furthermore, all institutions involved should explore the role of digital and hybrid engagement platforms in enhancing participatory democracy. For future research, the study recommends establishing focus groups comprising individuals directly affected by the National Minimum Wage Bill. Additionally, further research should include case studies on the passage of other pieces of South African legislation to assess the extent and effectiveness of participatory democracy in legislative processes. Finally, the development of a more inclusive model for the National Economic Development and Labour Council, tailored to South Africa’s unique socio-economic structure, should be explored. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resources, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
Unfair discrimination based on arbitrary ground
- Authors: Nombila, Elliot Xolani
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Discrimination in employment -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Unfair labor practices -- South Africa , South Africa. -- Employment Equity Act, 1998
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72553 , vital:79237
- Description: Section 9 establishes the right to equality and prohibits unfair discrimination, while section 23 ensures fair labor practices, protecting individuals in the workplace. Additionally, section 1(a) underscores the foundational values of human dignity, equality, and the advancement of human rights. These provisions collectively aim to create a just and equitable society, reflecting South Africa’s commitment to uphold and protect the rights of all citizens. EEA serves as a crucial framework for promoting equality and preventing discrimination in the workplace in South Africa. By prohibiting both direct and indirect unfair discrimination, the EEA ensures that individuals can seek recourse if they experience discrimination based on listed grounds such as race, gender, disability and, more. The amendment introduced in 2014, specifically through the Employment Equity Amendment Act 47 of 2013, expanded the scope of the EEA by including the phrase “or any other arbitrary ground”. This addition allows individuals to bring claims based on grounds not explicitly mentioned in the Act, as long as these grounds can be considered analogous to those listed. This change enhances the EEA’s flexibility and responsiveness to various forms of discrimination that may arise in the workplace. Overall, the EEA and its amendments reflect South Africa’s commitment to creating an equitable working environment, aligning with constitutional principles of equality and non-discrimination. The Act not only provides legal recourse for affected individuals but also encourages employers to foster inclusive and fair workplaces. This amendment has led to various interpretations since the Explanatory Memorandum to the amendments does not provide much clarity on the purpose of the particular amendment. The first possible interpretation of the amendment is that it creates a third ground of unfair discrimination. Secondly, the amendment may refer to the requirement of rationality. Thirdly, the amendment may be synonymous to “one or more grounds” or “unlisted grounds”. This study analyzes possible interpretation of the recent amendment to the EEA in light of established principles from the Constitutional Court. It argues that the first interpretation, which suggests that unfair discrimination can be identified solely on arbitrary grounds, is inadequate. The study emphasises that any claim of unfair discrimination must demonstrate not only irrationality but also that the arbitrary ground significantly impairs the complainant’s fundamental human dignity. Furthermore, the analysis finds the second interpretation unnecessary since the concept of unfair discrimination inherently includes the rationality requirement. This leads to the conclusion that the amendment essentially serves as a synonym for utilised grounds. The differentiation made in section 11 of the EEA between listed and arbitrary (unlisted) grounds-reinforces this understanding. Ultimately, the study concluded that the amendment to the EEA should be interpreted as referring specifically to unlisted grounds. Therefore, the criteria for establishing unfair discrimination based on arbitrary grounds remain consistent: the complainant must demonstrate both irrationality and a substantial impairment of human dignity. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, School of Mercantile Law, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Nombila, Elliot Xolani
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Discrimination in employment -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Unfair labor practices -- South Africa , South Africa. -- Employment Equity Act, 1998
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72553 , vital:79237
- Description: Section 9 establishes the right to equality and prohibits unfair discrimination, while section 23 ensures fair labor practices, protecting individuals in the workplace. Additionally, section 1(a) underscores the foundational values of human dignity, equality, and the advancement of human rights. These provisions collectively aim to create a just and equitable society, reflecting South Africa’s commitment to uphold and protect the rights of all citizens. EEA serves as a crucial framework for promoting equality and preventing discrimination in the workplace in South Africa. By prohibiting both direct and indirect unfair discrimination, the EEA ensures that individuals can seek recourse if they experience discrimination based on listed grounds such as race, gender, disability and, more. The amendment introduced in 2014, specifically through the Employment Equity Amendment Act 47 of 2013, expanded the scope of the EEA by including the phrase “or any other arbitrary ground”. This addition allows individuals to bring claims based on grounds not explicitly mentioned in the Act, as long as these grounds can be considered analogous to those listed. This change enhances the EEA’s flexibility and responsiveness to various forms of discrimination that may arise in the workplace. Overall, the EEA and its amendments reflect South Africa’s commitment to creating an equitable working environment, aligning with constitutional principles of equality and non-discrimination. The Act not only provides legal recourse for affected individuals but also encourages employers to foster inclusive and fair workplaces. This amendment has led to various interpretations since the Explanatory Memorandum to the amendments does not provide much clarity on the purpose of the particular amendment. The first possible interpretation of the amendment is that it creates a third ground of unfair discrimination. Secondly, the amendment may refer to the requirement of rationality. Thirdly, the amendment may be synonymous to “one or more grounds” or “unlisted grounds”. This study analyzes possible interpretation of the recent amendment to the EEA in light of established principles from the Constitutional Court. It argues that the first interpretation, which suggests that unfair discrimination can be identified solely on arbitrary grounds, is inadequate. The study emphasises that any claim of unfair discrimination must demonstrate not only irrationality but also that the arbitrary ground significantly impairs the complainant’s fundamental human dignity. Furthermore, the analysis finds the second interpretation unnecessary since the concept of unfair discrimination inherently includes the rationality requirement. This leads to the conclusion that the amendment essentially serves as a synonym for utilised grounds. The differentiation made in section 11 of the EEA between listed and arbitrary (unlisted) grounds-reinforces this understanding. Ultimately, the study concluded that the amendment to the EEA should be interpreted as referring specifically to unlisted grounds. Therefore, the criteria for establishing unfair discrimination based on arbitrary grounds remain consistent: the complainant must demonstrate both irrationality and a substantial impairment of human dignity. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, School of Mercantile Law, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
Uphononongonzulu ngokungabhalwa kweemviwo zezembali nezenzululwazi yobomi ngolwimi lwesixhosa ngabafundi kwizikolo ezikhethiweyo zamabanga aphakamileyo zomasipala uMbhashe
- Authors: Bidi, Buhle
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Native language and education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Education-Research -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Examinations -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72226 , vital:79199
- Description: Olu phandonzulu lugxile ekuphononongeni ngokungabhalwa kweemviwo zezeMbali nezeNzululwazi zoBomi ngolwimi lwesiXhosa ngabafundi kwizikolo ezikhethiweyo zamabanga aphakamileyo zoMasipala uMbhashe kwiimviwo ezandulela ezokuphela konyaka wama2020. Umphandi wehle amahlongwana phezulu komba wokubhalwa kweemviwo kusetyenziswa iilwimi ezimbini (isiXhosa nesiNgesi). Esi sifundo sisebenzise indlela yophando entlantlu mbini (mixed method) kuba luyisebenzisile indlela yophando yohlahlelo hlobo (qualitative method) nendlela yophando lobungakanani (quantitative method). Kolu phandonzulu kusetyenziswe iingcingane ezimbini, ingcingane engundoqo yeyosetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi (multilingualism) kuze esekelayo ibe yingcingane yentlanganisela yeelwimi (translanguaging). Ingcingane yeelwimi ezininzi ithetha ukuvumeleka ukusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi ngokwengingqi umntu akuyo, isizathu sokuchongwa kwale ngcingane kolu phando kungokuba ihambelana nomxholo wolu phando ophonononga ukungabhalwa kweemviwo ngesiXhosa kwizikolo ezintathu ezityunjiweyo kuMasipala uMbhashe. Le ngcingane iyangqamana nomxholo wophando ngokuba ijonga ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi ekufundiseni, ukufunda nokubhala iimviwo. Ingcingane yesibini nesekelayo yeyentlanganisela yeelwimi kwimfundo neyathi yaqulunqwa ngowe-1994 nguCen Williams welizwe laseWales apho wayejonga ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezimbini (isiNgesi neWelsh) kwisifundo esinye. Esona sizathu sokuchongwa kwale ngcingane kukuba igxile ekusetyenzisweni kweelwimi ezimbini ngocwangciso ekufundeni nasekufundiseni phakathi kwigumbi elinye lokufundisa. Abaphandi abaninzi abaqwalasela intsebenziswano kwiilwimi ezingaphezulu kwesibini (multilingualism) kwigumbi lokufundisa basebenzisa ibinzana elithi “translanguaging” ukuchaza ukuxutywa kweelwimi ekuthetheni nasekubhaleni. Luye uphando lwahlalutywa kusetyenziswa imixholo (thematics). Isizathu soku kukuba imixholo isetyenziswa apho kuhlalutywa iingcinga (opinions), amava (experiences) kunye nexabiso okanye ukuxabiseka kwento umzekelo, ulwimi ngokolu phando. Umphandi uye wasebenzisa le ndlela yokuhlalutya ephicotha ulwazi athe waluqokelela ukuze akhuphe eyona mixholo igqamileyo kwizimvo zabathathinxaxheba. Kuye kwasetyenziswa udliwano ndlebe oluvuleka-luvaleka (semi-structured) ukuqokelela iinkcukacha kwiinqununu, iintloko zamasebe ezikolweni nootitshala ababefundisa ezeMbali neNzululwazi yoBomi ngo2020. Kuphindwe kwasetyenziswa iphepha lemibuzo elivulekileyo ukuqokelela iinkcukacha kubafundi ababesenza ezeMbali neNzululwazi yoBomi kwiSigaba 12 ngo2020 kwizikolo ezikhethiweyo. Kwaze kwagqityeliswa ngokusetyenziswa iNvivo software ukuqokelela iinkcukacha zabahlali kwinqaku lephephandaba le-Ilisolezwe lesiXhosa elifumaneka kuFacebook. Olu phando lufumanise ukuba owona nobangela wokungabhalwa kwezeMbali neNzululwazi yoBomi ngesiXhosa kwizikolo ezikhethiweyo zoMasipala uMbashe kwiimviwo ezandulela ezokuphela konyaka wama2020 kwiSigaba 12: Lulwimi lokubhala, ukufundisa nokufunda (isiNgesi) oluthi lusetyenziswe kwezi zikolo; ukungaqeqeshwa ngokwaneleyo kootitshala; ubunzima bolwimi (lwesiXhosa) olusetyenziswe kumaphepha emviwo ezeMbali neNzululwazi yoBomi; ukungahambelani kokubhalwa kweemviwo ngesiXhosa nezoqoqosho; ulwimi ebekufundiswa ngalo kwizigaba ezisezantsi nokulungela kweeyunivesithi zoMzantsi Afrika ukufundisa abafundi ababhala iimviwo ngesiXhosa. Ngaba nobangela abadala abafundi beSigaba 12 ngo2020 bangazibhali iimviwo zezeMbali neNzululwazi yoBomi ngesiXhosa kwiimviwo ezandulela ezokuphela konyaka kwizikolo ezikhethiweyo zoMasipala uMbhashe. Ngenxa yezi zizathu zibalulwe ngasentla, olu phandonzulu lunezindululo zokuba iSebe leMfundo eSiseko eMpuma Kapa libambisene nezikolo zoMasipala uMbhashe malihlaziye iSouth African Schools Act (1996) nePolisi yoLwimi kwiMfundo (1997) ukuze kube lula kwizikolo ezichongiweyo ukuhlaziywa kwepolisi yazo yolwimi kwimfundo ethi makufundwe, kufundiswe ze kubhalwe kusetyenziswa iilwimi zeMveli (isiXhosa), iilwimi ezininzi nentlanganisela yeelwimi kwimfundo. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communication, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Bidi, Buhle
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Native language and education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Education-Research -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Examinations -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72226 , vital:79199
- Description: Olu phandonzulu lugxile ekuphononongeni ngokungabhalwa kweemviwo zezeMbali nezeNzululwazi zoBomi ngolwimi lwesiXhosa ngabafundi kwizikolo ezikhethiweyo zamabanga aphakamileyo zoMasipala uMbhashe kwiimviwo ezandulela ezokuphela konyaka wama2020. Umphandi wehle amahlongwana phezulu komba wokubhalwa kweemviwo kusetyenziswa iilwimi ezimbini (isiXhosa nesiNgesi). Esi sifundo sisebenzise indlela yophando entlantlu mbini (mixed method) kuba luyisebenzisile indlela yophando yohlahlelo hlobo (qualitative method) nendlela yophando lobungakanani (quantitative method). Kolu phandonzulu kusetyenziswe iingcingane ezimbini, ingcingane engundoqo yeyosetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi (multilingualism) kuze esekelayo ibe yingcingane yentlanganisela yeelwimi (translanguaging). Ingcingane yeelwimi ezininzi ithetha ukuvumeleka ukusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi ngokwengingqi umntu akuyo, isizathu sokuchongwa kwale ngcingane kolu phando kungokuba ihambelana nomxholo wolu phando ophonononga ukungabhalwa kweemviwo ngesiXhosa kwizikolo ezintathu ezityunjiweyo kuMasipala uMbhashe. Le ngcingane iyangqamana nomxholo wophando ngokuba ijonga ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi ekufundiseni, ukufunda nokubhala iimviwo. Ingcingane yesibini nesekelayo yeyentlanganisela yeelwimi kwimfundo neyathi yaqulunqwa ngowe-1994 nguCen Williams welizwe laseWales apho wayejonga ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezimbini (isiNgesi neWelsh) kwisifundo esinye. Esona sizathu sokuchongwa kwale ngcingane kukuba igxile ekusetyenzisweni kweelwimi ezimbini ngocwangciso ekufundeni nasekufundiseni phakathi kwigumbi elinye lokufundisa. Abaphandi abaninzi abaqwalasela intsebenziswano kwiilwimi ezingaphezulu kwesibini (multilingualism) kwigumbi lokufundisa basebenzisa ibinzana elithi “translanguaging” ukuchaza ukuxutywa kweelwimi ekuthetheni nasekubhaleni. Luye uphando lwahlalutywa kusetyenziswa imixholo (thematics). Isizathu soku kukuba imixholo isetyenziswa apho kuhlalutywa iingcinga (opinions), amava (experiences) kunye nexabiso okanye ukuxabiseka kwento umzekelo, ulwimi ngokolu phando. Umphandi uye wasebenzisa le ndlela yokuhlalutya ephicotha ulwazi athe waluqokelela ukuze akhuphe eyona mixholo igqamileyo kwizimvo zabathathinxaxheba. Kuye kwasetyenziswa udliwano ndlebe oluvuleka-luvaleka (semi-structured) ukuqokelela iinkcukacha kwiinqununu, iintloko zamasebe ezikolweni nootitshala ababefundisa ezeMbali neNzululwazi yoBomi ngo2020. Kuphindwe kwasetyenziswa iphepha lemibuzo elivulekileyo ukuqokelela iinkcukacha kubafundi ababesenza ezeMbali neNzululwazi yoBomi kwiSigaba 12 ngo2020 kwizikolo ezikhethiweyo. Kwaze kwagqityeliswa ngokusetyenziswa iNvivo software ukuqokelela iinkcukacha zabahlali kwinqaku lephephandaba le-Ilisolezwe lesiXhosa elifumaneka kuFacebook. Olu phando lufumanise ukuba owona nobangela wokungabhalwa kwezeMbali neNzululwazi yoBomi ngesiXhosa kwizikolo ezikhethiweyo zoMasipala uMbashe kwiimviwo ezandulela ezokuphela konyaka wama2020 kwiSigaba 12: Lulwimi lokubhala, ukufundisa nokufunda (isiNgesi) oluthi lusetyenziswe kwezi zikolo; ukungaqeqeshwa ngokwaneleyo kootitshala; ubunzima bolwimi (lwesiXhosa) olusetyenziswe kumaphepha emviwo ezeMbali neNzululwazi yoBomi; ukungahambelani kokubhalwa kweemviwo ngesiXhosa nezoqoqosho; ulwimi ebekufundiswa ngalo kwizigaba ezisezantsi nokulungela kweeyunivesithi zoMzantsi Afrika ukufundisa abafundi ababhala iimviwo ngesiXhosa. Ngaba nobangela abadala abafundi beSigaba 12 ngo2020 bangazibhali iimviwo zezeMbali neNzululwazi yoBomi ngesiXhosa kwiimviwo ezandulela ezokuphela konyaka kwizikolo ezikhethiweyo zoMasipala uMbhashe. Ngenxa yezi zizathu zibalulwe ngasentla, olu phandonzulu lunezindululo zokuba iSebe leMfundo eSiseko eMpuma Kapa libambisene nezikolo zoMasipala uMbhashe malihlaziye iSouth African Schools Act (1996) nePolisi yoLwimi kwiMfundo (1997) ukuze kube lula kwizikolo ezichongiweyo ukuhlaziywa kwepolisi yazo yolwimi kwimfundo ethi makufundwe, kufundiswe ze kubhalwe kusetyenziswa iilwimi zeMveli (isiXhosa), iilwimi ezininzi nentlanganisela yeelwimi kwimfundo. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communication, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
“I be African man original”: a study of the vernacular intellectual contribution of Fela Anikulapo Kuti in post-colonial Nigeria
- Uwuoruya, Osabuohien Clifford
- Authors: Uwuoruya, Osabuohien Clifford
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Fela, -- 1938-1997 -- Political and social views , Fela, -- 1938-1997 -- Philosophy , Afrobeat -- Nigeria -- History and criticism
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72564 , vital:79238
- Description: This thesis investigates the intellectual legacies of Fela Anikulapo Kuti. In positioning him as a ‘vernacular intellectual’ within the postcolonial Nigerian landscape, this study applies endogenous approaches (Orunmilaist perspective and Ti’bi-t’ire logic), which are complimented by Grant Farred's (2003) concept of the vernacular intellectual. The intersection of these three approaches forms this study's Trifocal lens approach as a conceptual and methodological framework. Influenced by the post-colonial Nigerian setting, this study argues that Fela's music transcends mere entertainment but is an important vehicle for conscientizing the Nigerian community for social change. Incorporating insights from the literature on the global impact of popular music, the study situates Fela alongside other musicians and intellectuals who have historically mobilised societal transformation. The research foregrounds Fela’s discography, employing Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to decode the socio-political ideologies embedded within his songs. These narratives are contextualised with historical and contemporary issues in Nigeria, demonstrating Fela's relevance in critiquing power, politics, and identity construction. Additionally, the thesis underscores the importance of oral traditions and vernacular relationality (Eze, 2008) in understanding Fela’s role as a cultural and intellectual figure who challenged oppressive regimes and inspired collective consciousness among Nigerians. Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) was supplemented by interviews with family, friends and figures deeply connected to Fela’s music and philosophy. Through these interviews, the study found that Fela’s politics and agency as a vernacular intellectual are shaped by language, community, and historical moments. The research study maps Fela’s discursive strategies against Nigeria’s post-colonial challenges while highlighting his enduring intellectual impact on contemporary social movements. This thesis hopes to contribute to the growing body of African sociological thinking in excavating the vernacular concepts in understanding the impact of music, arts, and popular culture in shaping societal change. , Thesis (Phd) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Uwuoruya, Osabuohien Clifford
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Fela, -- 1938-1997 -- Political and social views , Fela, -- 1938-1997 -- Philosophy , Afrobeat -- Nigeria -- History and criticism
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72564 , vital:79238
- Description: This thesis investigates the intellectual legacies of Fela Anikulapo Kuti. In positioning him as a ‘vernacular intellectual’ within the postcolonial Nigerian landscape, this study applies endogenous approaches (Orunmilaist perspective and Ti’bi-t’ire logic), which are complimented by Grant Farred's (2003) concept of the vernacular intellectual. The intersection of these three approaches forms this study's Trifocal lens approach as a conceptual and methodological framework. Influenced by the post-colonial Nigerian setting, this study argues that Fela's music transcends mere entertainment but is an important vehicle for conscientizing the Nigerian community for social change. Incorporating insights from the literature on the global impact of popular music, the study situates Fela alongside other musicians and intellectuals who have historically mobilised societal transformation. The research foregrounds Fela’s discography, employing Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to decode the socio-political ideologies embedded within his songs. These narratives are contextualised with historical and contemporary issues in Nigeria, demonstrating Fela's relevance in critiquing power, politics, and identity construction. Additionally, the thesis underscores the importance of oral traditions and vernacular relationality (Eze, 2008) in understanding Fela’s role as a cultural and intellectual figure who challenged oppressive regimes and inspired collective consciousness among Nigerians. Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) was supplemented by interviews with family, friends and figures deeply connected to Fela’s music and philosophy. Through these interviews, the study found that Fela’s politics and agency as a vernacular intellectual are shaped by language, community, and historical moments. The research study maps Fela’s discursive strategies against Nigeria’s post-colonial challenges while highlighting his enduring intellectual impact on contemporary social movements. This thesis hopes to contribute to the growing body of African sociological thinking in excavating the vernacular concepts in understanding the impact of music, arts, and popular culture in shaping societal change. , Thesis (Phd) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
Assessing the Relative Participation of Different Stakeholders in Curriculum Development in Secondary Schools of OR Tambo Inland Education District B
- Authors: Machaea, Joseph Modumedi
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: Teacher , Participation , Curriculum development , Curriculum implementation , O.R Tambo
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13875 , vital:79042
- Description: Democracy in South Africa necessitated transformation of segregated education systems that existed and adopted in schools prior 1994, to have a single curriculum irrespective of colour, race, and religion. Transformation of education in particular was crucial to redress the imbalances of the past. It was believed that consultation was done through Batho Pele principles, though there has been no empirical evidence to prove teacher participation in curriculum development as major implementers. This study, sought to establish the relative contribution of stakeholders like teachers, communities, teacher unions in curriculum development in schools of OR Tambo inland education district. Resistance shown by teachers regarding curriculum implementation triggered the researcher. A case study research design was adopted hence, it is the analyses of OR Tambo teachers and principals’ responses. In collecting and analysing the collected data, a qualitative method approach was used. A sample of 10 purposeful selected secondary schools from different circuits was used for data collection and each secondary school was represented by one teacher and one principal as participants for this study. Semi- structured interviews were conducted face-to-face with 10 teachers and 10 principals of the sampled purposefully selected secondary schools. The qualitative data was adopted in this study. A thematic approach was used to analyse the collected data through interviews. It emerged the stakeholders like teachers, principals, teacher unions, communities, were marginalised by Department of Basic Education (DBE) curriculum planners. The study recommended that DBE should have effective programs on teacher training for curriculum implementation, availability of human and material resources, involve stakeholders like teachers, principals, teacher unions, researchers, parents and interested parties in curriculum developments... , Degree: D. Education (Education Management and Development)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
- Authors: Machaea, Joseph Modumedi
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: Teacher , Participation , Curriculum development , Curriculum implementation , O.R Tambo
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13875 , vital:79042
- Description: Democracy in South Africa necessitated transformation of segregated education systems that existed and adopted in schools prior 1994, to have a single curriculum irrespective of colour, race, and religion. Transformation of education in particular was crucial to redress the imbalances of the past. It was believed that consultation was done through Batho Pele principles, though there has been no empirical evidence to prove teacher participation in curriculum development as major implementers. This study, sought to establish the relative contribution of stakeholders like teachers, communities, teacher unions in curriculum development in schools of OR Tambo inland education district. Resistance shown by teachers regarding curriculum implementation triggered the researcher. A case study research design was adopted hence, it is the analyses of OR Tambo teachers and principals’ responses. In collecting and analysing the collected data, a qualitative method approach was used. A sample of 10 purposeful selected secondary schools from different circuits was used for data collection and each secondary school was represented by one teacher and one principal as participants for this study. Semi- structured interviews were conducted face-to-face with 10 teachers and 10 principals of the sampled purposefully selected secondary schools. The qualitative data was adopted in this study. A thematic approach was used to analyse the collected data through interviews. It emerged the stakeholders like teachers, principals, teacher unions, communities, were marginalised by Department of Basic Education (DBE) curriculum planners. The study recommended that DBE should have effective programs on teacher training for curriculum implementation, availability of human and material resources, involve stakeholders like teachers, principals, teacher unions, researchers, parents and interested parties in curriculum developments... , Degree: D. Education (Education Management and Development)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
Assessing the Role of Digital Competence in the Performance of Administrative Officers in Public Services: A Case of OR Tambo Municipality in Mthatha
- Authors: Mafanya, Alicia Ayathola
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: Digital literacy , Digital competence , Public services , Efficiency
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13979 , vital:79075
- Description: This study investigated the role of digital competence in the performance of administrative officers in OR Tambo Municipality in Mthatha, South Africa. With the growing reliance on digital technologies, the study explored the current state of ICT usage, assessed the digital literacy of administrative personnel, and proposed strategies to enhance digital competencies. Employing a quantitative approach, data was collected through a questionnaire and analysed to evaluate proficiency across key dimensions, including basic computer operations, office software usage, and communication tools. The findings reveal notable disparities in digital skills based on gender and educational attainment, with females and participants with foundational education levels showing higher proficiency in certain areas. Significant gaps in advanced digital tasks, such as report compilation and email security, were also identified. The study recommends targeted training programs, gender-specific interventions, and a blended theoretical and practical learning approach to bridge these gaps. Enhancing digital literacy among administrative officers is imperative to modernising public service delivery and fostering operational efficiency in the municipality. , Degree: M. Public Administration
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
- Authors: Mafanya, Alicia Ayathola
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: Digital literacy , Digital competence , Public services , Efficiency
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13979 , vital:79075
- Description: This study investigated the role of digital competence in the performance of administrative officers in OR Tambo Municipality in Mthatha, South Africa. With the growing reliance on digital technologies, the study explored the current state of ICT usage, assessed the digital literacy of administrative personnel, and proposed strategies to enhance digital competencies. Employing a quantitative approach, data was collected through a questionnaire and analysed to evaluate proficiency across key dimensions, including basic computer operations, office software usage, and communication tools. The findings reveal notable disparities in digital skills based on gender and educational attainment, with females and participants with foundational education levels showing higher proficiency in certain areas. Significant gaps in advanced digital tasks, such as report compilation and email security, were also identified. The study recommends targeted training programs, gender-specific interventions, and a blended theoretical and practical learning approach to bridge these gaps. Enhancing digital literacy among administrative officers is imperative to modernising public service delivery and fostering operational efficiency in the municipality. , Degree: M. Public Administration
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
Beyond prose: Review of 'Poetic Inquiry for the Humanities and Social Sciences: Voices from the South and the North'
- Authors: McKenna, Sioux
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480817 , vital:78479 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-sajsci-v121-n3-a11
- Description: The 54 authors of this book reflect on the use of poetic inquiry at a time when feminist, decolonial, and post-humanist researchers are raising concerns about the ways in which qualitative data collection and dissemination can silence some and reduce the experiences of others by adhering to the often-arbitrary restrictions of academic texts. Poetic inquiry, the authors of this book argue, should be welcoming, invite new perspectives, and make possible alternative interpretations of the social world. Sadly, as Pithouse-Morgan indicates, poetry is often associated with negative rather than positive educational experiences (p.201). For many of us, poetry is about mysterious meanings that our schoolteachers berated us for being too dense to access. While my own interest in poetic inquiry is in how we can use it to create and disseminate research, many authors in this book, such as Hough, Peté and Ndlovu, suggest that poetry can also be used “to teach complex topics from different points of view, make people more self-aware, encourage dialogue and empathy, grow social awareness, and raise ethical questions” (p.169). Badenhorst and McLeod point out that this can be challenging when working in neoliberal universities that turn us into human capital in service of competition and efficiency over social justice and equity. They suggest that poetry can help us to shift to a world “of senses and feeling [that] can provide a way to resist the tendrils of neoliberalism” (p.126).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
- Authors: McKenna, Sioux
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480817 , vital:78479 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-sajsci-v121-n3-a11
- Description: The 54 authors of this book reflect on the use of poetic inquiry at a time when feminist, decolonial, and post-humanist researchers are raising concerns about the ways in which qualitative data collection and dissemination can silence some and reduce the experiences of others by adhering to the often-arbitrary restrictions of academic texts. Poetic inquiry, the authors of this book argue, should be welcoming, invite new perspectives, and make possible alternative interpretations of the social world. Sadly, as Pithouse-Morgan indicates, poetry is often associated with negative rather than positive educational experiences (p.201). For many of us, poetry is about mysterious meanings that our schoolteachers berated us for being too dense to access. While my own interest in poetic inquiry is in how we can use it to create and disseminate research, many authors in this book, such as Hough, Peté and Ndlovu, suggest that poetry can also be used “to teach complex topics from different points of view, make people more self-aware, encourage dialogue and empathy, grow social awareness, and raise ethical questions” (p.169). Badenhorst and McLeod point out that this can be challenging when working in neoliberal universities that turn us into human capital in service of competition and efficiency over social justice and equity. They suggest that poetry can help us to shift to a world “of senses and feeling [that] can provide a way to resist the tendrils of neoliberalism” (p.126).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
Determination of Carbapenemases and Colistin Resistance in the Clinical Isolates from Healthcare Facilities in Mthatha and Surrounding Areas
- Authors: Ndlela, Silindokuhle
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: Antimicrobial resistance , Healthcare facilities , Clinical Isolates , Mthatha
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13473 , vital:78935
- Description: Antimicrobial resistance is associated with the emergence of 3 carbapenemase enzymes that hydrolyze carbapenem antibiotics. These enzymes 4 are carried by certain carbapenemase-producing genes. The emergence of 5 carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) has become a serious public health 6 threat in South Africa and globally, and has led to the use of colistin for treating 7 severe infections. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of 8 carbapenemase-producing genes, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for 9 the antibiotic colistin, and the prevalence of the mobile colistin resistant gene mcr 10 1 in clinical isolates drawn from healthcare facilities in Mthatha and surrounding 11 areas… , Degree: M. Science (Medical Microbiology)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
- Authors: Ndlela, Silindokuhle
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: Antimicrobial resistance , Healthcare facilities , Clinical Isolates , Mthatha
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13473 , vital:78935
- Description: Antimicrobial resistance is associated with the emergence of 3 carbapenemase enzymes that hydrolyze carbapenem antibiotics. These enzymes 4 are carried by certain carbapenemase-producing genes. The emergence of 5 carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) has become a serious public health 6 threat in South Africa and globally, and has led to the use of colistin for treating 7 severe infections. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of 8 carbapenemase-producing genes, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for 9 the antibiotic colistin, and the prevalence of the mobile colistin resistant gene mcr 10 1 in clinical isolates drawn from healthcare facilities in Mthatha and surrounding 11 areas… , Degree: M. Science (Medical Microbiology)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
Investigating the Transparency of Language for Place Value Understanding Comparing Indigenous Southern African Languages and European-based Languages
- Larkin, Kevin, Vale, Pamela, Ladel, Silke, Westaway, Lise, Graven, Mellony, Kortenkamp, Ulrich
- Authors: Larkin, Kevin , Vale, Pamela , Ladel, Silke , Westaway, Lise , Graven, Mellony , Kortenkamp, Ulrich
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/482410 , vital:78648 , https://doi.org/10.1080/18117295.2024.2438452
- Description: In this article we investigate the transparency of language in learning place value in either a Southern African indigenous language (isiXhosa, Setswana, Oshiwambo or Emakhuwa) or a European-based language (Afrikaans, English, German or Portuguese). Since language is a key mediator in developing place value understanding, it is important to investigate the ways in which the transparency of various languages may impact place value learning. A review of pertinent literature and an analysis of literal translations of number words (to thousands) of our eight languages lead us to the conclusion that Southern African indigenous languages are more accessible in their meaning, in relation to place value, than the four European-based languages spoken in Southern Africa, which we analysed. We identified two key advantages in the indigenous languages: (i) there was transparency of the ‘places’ in how numbers are named; and (ii) there was logical alignment between the spoken and symbolic representation of numbers. Despite this, many Southern African learners learn mathematics in English, Afrikaans or Portuguese even though this is not their home language (L1). This means that many learners are denied access to the transparency of the place value concepts that exist in their L1 and must manage learning place value, not only in a yet to be learned ‘foreign’ language, but also in one where they must learn to decode the idiosyncratic ‘irregularities’ of the way those languages name numbers. We conclude this article by discussing the implications of these findings for the teaching of place value in Southern African classrooms, in which indigenous learners are often learning in a European-based language that is not their L1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
- Authors: Larkin, Kevin , Vale, Pamela , Ladel, Silke , Westaway, Lise , Graven, Mellony , Kortenkamp, Ulrich
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/482410 , vital:78648 , https://doi.org/10.1080/18117295.2024.2438452
- Description: In this article we investigate the transparency of language in learning place value in either a Southern African indigenous language (isiXhosa, Setswana, Oshiwambo or Emakhuwa) or a European-based language (Afrikaans, English, German or Portuguese). Since language is a key mediator in developing place value understanding, it is important to investigate the ways in which the transparency of various languages may impact place value learning. A review of pertinent literature and an analysis of literal translations of number words (to thousands) of our eight languages lead us to the conclusion that Southern African indigenous languages are more accessible in their meaning, in relation to place value, than the four European-based languages spoken in Southern Africa, which we analysed. We identified two key advantages in the indigenous languages: (i) there was transparency of the ‘places’ in how numbers are named; and (ii) there was logical alignment between the spoken and symbolic representation of numbers. Despite this, many Southern African learners learn mathematics in English, Afrikaans or Portuguese even though this is not their home language (L1). This means that many learners are denied access to the transparency of the place value concepts that exist in their L1 and must manage learning place value, not only in a yet to be learned ‘foreign’ language, but also in one where they must learn to decode the idiosyncratic ‘irregularities’ of the way those languages name numbers. We conclude this article by discussing the implications of these findings for the teaching of place value in Southern African classrooms, in which indigenous learners are often learning in a European-based language that is not their L1.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
Macroinvertebrate colonisation of macroplastic litter in minimally disturbed river sites, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Ali, Andrew A, Akamagwuna, Frank C, Nnadozie, Chika F, Odume, Oghenekaro N
- Authors: Ali, Andrew A , Akamagwuna, Frank C , Nnadozie, Chika F , Odume, Oghenekaro N
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/484474 , vital:78916 , https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-024-10159-6
- Description: Macroplastic pollution remains a growing global environmental concern, and our understanding of its interaction with aquatic organisms is underdeveloped. It is also less clear how hydraulic biotopes influence macroinvertebrates colonisation of macroplastic relative to natural substrates. We investigated temporal and spatial patterns of macroinvertebrate colonisation on macroplastic litters in contrasting stream hydraulic biotopes (riffle, pool, and run) in minimally impacted headwater streams of Eastern Cape, South Africa. Plastic substrates of different proportions of natural and plastic litter were deployed across four sites. The Substrate group included 100% natural substrates (NS), 50% natural material and 50% plastic litters (NP), and 100% plastic (PD) litters. Each substrate group was deployed in riffle, pool, and run habitats for six months at each site.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
- Authors: Ali, Andrew A , Akamagwuna, Frank C , Nnadozie, Chika F , Odume, Oghenekaro N
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/484474 , vital:78916 , https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-024-10159-6
- Description: Macroplastic pollution remains a growing global environmental concern, and our understanding of its interaction with aquatic organisms is underdeveloped. It is also less clear how hydraulic biotopes influence macroinvertebrates colonisation of macroplastic relative to natural substrates. We investigated temporal and spatial patterns of macroinvertebrate colonisation on macroplastic litters in contrasting stream hydraulic biotopes (riffle, pool, and run) in minimally impacted headwater streams of Eastern Cape, South Africa. Plastic substrates of different proportions of natural and plastic litter were deployed across four sites. The Substrate group included 100% natural substrates (NS), 50% natural material and 50% plastic litters (NP), and 100% plastic (PD) litters. Each substrate group was deployed in riffle, pool, and run habitats for six months at each site.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
Neoliberalism constrains academic freedom
- Authors: McKenna, Sioux
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480540 , vital:78453 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-sajsci-v121-n3-a18
- Description: Positioning the university as a public good that serves people and the planet was a central concern for those responsible for shaping post-apartheid education. Unfortunately, the current neoliberal environment has led to institutional risk aversion. This means that universities are loathe to speak out on issues of social injustice and environmental degradation. And academics often forfeit their freedoms by assuming that top management can speak on behalf of the university. In the Commentary 'Should our universities respond to geopolitical conflicts around the world?'1, Chetty questions when and why a university should speak out on global issues. In particular, Chetty refers to the Israeli-Palestinian war. I leave it to other respondents to tackle the substantive issue of South African higher education's silence on this issue. Instead, I home in on what I see as a common problem in the post-apartheid university. Chetty explains that: He thus understands the university as a complex organisation, as indeed it is. But he repeatedly reveals an understanding of the university as one which is controlled by management. For me, one of the most troubling sentences in the article is this: Universities thrive on a diversity of viewpoints, and so imposing a hegemonic view from the top management often leads to problems in a university setting.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
- Authors: McKenna, Sioux
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480540 , vital:78453 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-sajsci-v121-n3-a18
- Description: Positioning the university as a public good that serves people and the planet was a central concern for those responsible for shaping post-apartheid education. Unfortunately, the current neoliberal environment has led to institutional risk aversion. This means that universities are loathe to speak out on issues of social injustice and environmental degradation. And academics often forfeit their freedoms by assuming that top management can speak on behalf of the university. In the Commentary 'Should our universities respond to geopolitical conflicts around the world?'1, Chetty questions when and why a university should speak out on global issues. In particular, Chetty refers to the Israeli-Palestinian war. I leave it to other respondents to tackle the substantive issue of South African higher education's silence on this issue. Instead, I home in on what I see as a common problem in the post-apartheid university. Chetty explains that: He thus understands the university as a complex organisation, as indeed it is. But he repeatedly reveals an understanding of the university as one which is controlled by management. For me, one of the most troubling sentences in the article is this: Universities thrive on a diversity of viewpoints, and so imposing a hegemonic view from the top management often leads to problems in a university setting.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
Our Ocean Is Sacred, You Can't Mine Heaven
- McGarry, Dylan K, McConnachie, Boudina E
- Authors: McGarry, Dylan K , McConnachie, Boudina E
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480205 , vital:78406 , ISBN 9781003381846 , https://doi.org/10.4324/978100338184
- Description: ‘Our Ocean Is Sacred, You Can’t Mine Heaven’ was a ground-breaking South African public storytelling initiative that not only emphasised the intrinsic and cultural value of the ocean but also served as a living-customary lore/law classroom. This exhibition challenged conventional archiving, promoting diversity, sovereignty and evolving ‘meaning-making,’ fostering inclusivity and justice-oriented documentation in ocean knowledge. The authors worked alongside Indigenous coastal communities and Small-Scale Fishers (SSF), who were aligned with movements defending the ocean against unchecked Blue Economy expansion in South Africa. The chapter delves into how artist-led practices, strategically embedded with legal research, played a pivotal role in a recent court ruling favouring Indigenous and SSF applicants. This victory renewed attention on ocean heritages in legal processes, highlighting the potential for expanding evidence ‘an-archives.’ The collaboration with coastal communities and SSF against unbridled ocean development used art to secure a court win, reshaping South African law and challenging norms in ocean development. This chapter explores art’s role in legal innovation, contributing to the ongoing struggle for justice and the decolonisation of blue economy narratives and processes in South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
- Authors: McGarry, Dylan K , McConnachie, Boudina E
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480205 , vital:78406 , ISBN 9781003381846 , https://doi.org/10.4324/978100338184
- Description: ‘Our Ocean Is Sacred, You Can’t Mine Heaven’ was a ground-breaking South African public storytelling initiative that not only emphasised the intrinsic and cultural value of the ocean but also served as a living-customary lore/law classroom. This exhibition challenged conventional archiving, promoting diversity, sovereignty and evolving ‘meaning-making,’ fostering inclusivity and justice-oriented documentation in ocean knowledge. The authors worked alongside Indigenous coastal communities and Small-Scale Fishers (SSF), who were aligned with movements defending the ocean against unchecked Blue Economy expansion in South Africa. The chapter delves into how artist-led practices, strategically embedded with legal research, played a pivotal role in a recent court ruling favouring Indigenous and SSF applicants. This victory renewed attention on ocean heritages in legal processes, highlighting the potential for expanding evidence ‘an-archives.’ The collaboration with coastal communities and SSF against unbridled ocean development used art to secure a court win, reshaping South African law and challenging norms in ocean development. This chapter explores art’s role in legal innovation, contributing to the ongoing struggle for justice and the decolonisation of blue economy narratives and processes in South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
Reimagining library services: Transforming libraries into dynamic learning spaces in South African universities
- Authors: Nongalo, Noloyiso
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: Dynamic learning spaces , Collaborative enviroments , Inclusive education , Digital Literacy , Lifelong learning
- Language: English
- Type: article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13140 , vital:77950 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.38159/ehass.2025641
- Description: This conceptual paper aimed to explore the transformation of university libraries in South Africa into dynamic learning spaces that cater to evolving academic and social needs of students. In the context of South Africa's rapidly changing higher education landscape, where inclusivity and technological advancements are paramount, the role of university libraries is shifting from traditional information repositories to hubs of collaborative learning and student engagement. The paper employed a qualitative review of literature and an analysis of the existing infrastructures in libraries of Historically Disadvantaged Institutions (HDIs) to identify strategies for this transformation. The findings highlighted the pivotal role libraries play in promoting lifelong learning, enhancing digital literacy, and supporting academic success. Key recommendations include the integration of advanced technology, the creation of flexible, student-centred spaces, and the incorporation of inclusive practices to accommodate diverse student populations. This paper contributes to ongoing research by offering a model for reimagining library spaces in line with global trends, providing insights for other educational institutions seeking to foster dynamic, student-focused learning environments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
- Authors: Nongalo, Noloyiso
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: Dynamic learning spaces , Collaborative enviroments , Inclusive education , Digital Literacy , Lifelong learning
- Language: English
- Type: article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13140 , vital:77950 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.38159/ehass.2025641
- Description: This conceptual paper aimed to explore the transformation of university libraries in South Africa into dynamic learning spaces that cater to evolving academic and social needs of students. In the context of South Africa's rapidly changing higher education landscape, where inclusivity and technological advancements are paramount, the role of university libraries is shifting from traditional information repositories to hubs of collaborative learning and student engagement. The paper employed a qualitative review of literature and an analysis of the existing infrastructures in libraries of Historically Disadvantaged Institutions (HDIs) to identify strategies for this transformation. The findings highlighted the pivotal role libraries play in promoting lifelong learning, enhancing digital literacy, and supporting academic success. Key recommendations include the integration of advanced technology, the creation of flexible, student-centred spaces, and the incorporation of inclusive practices to accommodate diverse student populations. This paper contributes to ongoing research by offering a model for reimagining library spaces in line with global trends, providing insights for other educational institutions seeking to foster dynamic, student-focused learning environments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
Shifting from Development to Empowerment Through Eco-Creative Knowledge Transmission
- McConnachie, Boudina E, Porri, Francesca, Wynberg, Rachel
- Authors: McConnachie, Boudina E , Porri, Francesca , Wynberg, Rachel
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480246 , vital:78410 , ISBN 9781003289838 , https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003289838
- Description: Conventional definitions of development can be linked to socio-economic and cultural impositions of the Global North on developing societies. These development frameworks were inherited from the colonial system, which devalued local ways of knowing, being, and developing and continues to do so. Through a transdisciplinary or Boundary Crossing environmental case study that interrogates the use of heritage skills and knowledge for nature-based solutions relating to coastal shore regeneration, this chapter reflects on experiences of knowledge co-creation in the rural Eastern Cape Province setting of South Africa. Through the lens of African Musical Arts, which includes song and dance, storytelling, heritage skills, soundscapes, and more, this research seeks to shift the project perceptions of the scientists, engaged scholars, pracademics, practitioners and community researchers involved, from simple to multi-dimensional viewpoints. Using Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs) as catalysts, our goal is to emancipate transmission of knowledge from a developmental to an empowerment framework. Using the diverse disciplinary backgrounds of the authors, this chapter allows for a holistic examination of the development of an Audio Postcards exhibition, while interrogating the project centred on African theories, ecologies, and knowledge development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025
- Authors: McConnachie, Boudina E , Porri, Francesca , Wynberg, Rachel
- Date: 2025
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480246 , vital:78410 , ISBN 9781003289838 , https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003289838
- Description: Conventional definitions of development can be linked to socio-economic and cultural impositions of the Global North on developing societies. These development frameworks were inherited from the colonial system, which devalued local ways of knowing, being, and developing and continues to do so. Through a transdisciplinary or Boundary Crossing environmental case study that interrogates the use of heritage skills and knowledge for nature-based solutions relating to coastal shore regeneration, this chapter reflects on experiences of knowledge co-creation in the rural Eastern Cape Province setting of South Africa. Through the lens of African Musical Arts, which includes song and dance, storytelling, heritage skills, soundscapes, and more, this research seeks to shift the project perceptions of the scientists, engaged scholars, pracademics, practitioners and community researchers involved, from simple to multi-dimensional viewpoints. Using Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs) as catalysts, our goal is to emancipate transmission of knowledge from a developmental to an empowerment framework. Using the diverse disciplinary backgrounds of the authors, this chapter allows for a holistic examination of the development of an Audio Postcards exhibition, while interrogating the project centred on African theories, ecologies, and knowledge development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025