A historico-theological study of Pentecostalism as a phenomenon within a South African community
- Authors: Pillay, Gerald J
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Pentecostalism -- South Africa Pentecostal churches -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:1222 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001552
- Description: Preface: An attempt is made in this thesis to document the history of Pentecostalism among Indians in South Africa and to study and evaluate its religious character and main theological tenets. Obviously the peculiar socio-political situation of the Indians in South Africa has influenced the character of Indian Pentecostalism, which has in turn been able to address itself to the critical, cultural and religious disjunctions within this community. Hence an investigation of the dynamic tensions that obtain between crises in the Indian community and Pentecostalism will not only clarify the course of its history but will also explain its theological emphases. However, several studies on Pentecostalism in other communities have concentrated on the sociological dimension almost exclusively and many have even concluded that Pentecostalism is the spontaneous result of psychosocial; economic or cultural upheavals . This kind of reductionism has been largely the result of the uncritical use of 'functional-type' theories postulated by sociologists of religion. Indian Pentecostalism, while it has to be examined within the complex context of the South African community, cannot as we shall show, be adequately explained by any of the prevailing 'functional-type' theories because these theories reduce religion to a sociological function. Since the functional theory has the effect of limiting the perspective on religion to such an extent that the basis of religion, that is, the relation between the individual and faith, is either belittled or ignored, it has been jettisoned in this thesis for an approach free of any deliberately formulated 'theoretical framework'. However, it is necessary to critically examine some of the more popular 'functional-type' theories and the way they have been applied to the study of the Pentecostal movement here and elsewhere, so that by exposing the shortcomings of their application and the contradictions inherent in their assumptions, the approach adopted in this thesis could be clarified.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
- Authors: Pillay, Gerald J
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Pentecostalism -- South Africa Pentecostal churches -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:1222 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001552
- Description: Preface: An attempt is made in this thesis to document the history of Pentecostalism among Indians in South Africa and to study and evaluate its religious character and main theological tenets. Obviously the peculiar socio-political situation of the Indians in South Africa has influenced the character of Indian Pentecostalism, which has in turn been able to address itself to the critical, cultural and religious disjunctions within this community. Hence an investigation of the dynamic tensions that obtain between crises in the Indian community and Pentecostalism will not only clarify the course of its history but will also explain its theological emphases. However, several studies on Pentecostalism in other communities have concentrated on the sociological dimension almost exclusively and many have even concluded that Pentecostalism is the spontaneous result of psychosocial; economic or cultural upheavals . This kind of reductionism has been largely the result of the uncritical use of 'functional-type' theories postulated by sociologists of religion. Indian Pentecostalism, while it has to be examined within the complex context of the South African community, cannot as we shall show, be adequately explained by any of the prevailing 'functional-type' theories because these theories reduce religion to a sociological function. Since the functional theory has the effect of limiting the perspective on religion to such an extent that the basis of religion, that is, the relation between the individual and faith, is either belittled or ignored, it has been jettisoned in this thesis for an approach free of any deliberately formulated 'theoretical framework'. However, it is necessary to critically examine some of the more popular 'functional-type' theories and the way they have been applied to the study of the Pentecostal movement here and elsewhere, so that by exposing the shortcomings of their application and the contradictions inherent in their assumptions, the approach adopted in this thesis could be clarified.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
Economy and efficiency of human locomotion
- Authors: Goslin, Brian Richard
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Walking -- Physiological aspects , Running -- Physiological aspects , Human locomotion
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5142 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007177 , Walking -- Physiological aspects , Running -- Physiological aspects , Human locomotion
- Description: Human locomotor economy and efficiency are highly variable. This study investigated the role that stature plays in this variation, by evaluating metabolic and respiratory responses to walking and running at speeds set relative to one's stature. Four groups of subjects: male, high V0₂ max (n = 11); male, average V0₂ max (n = 10); female, high V0₂ max (n = 10); and female, average V0₂ max (n = 11) were habituated to treadmill locomotion prior to the measurement of maximal oxygen consumption (V0₂ max). The V0₂ max test entailed 1 km.h⁻¹ increases per min from 3 to 6 km.h⁻¹ walking, and 7 - 17 km.h⁻¹ running then 1% grade increments per min until exhaustion. On each of four other occasions, the subject walked or ran at 6 of a variety of relative speeds - walking at 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.1, 1.3; running at 1.5, 1.7, 1.9 and for selected subjects 2.1, 2.3 and 2.5 statures.s⁻¹ ,and grades - 0%, +3%, -3%. Steady-state respiratory and metabolic responses, and treadmill speed were monitored by an on-line computer system developed for this study. Cadence and RPE were also monitored. All subjects demonstrated an exponential relationship between V0₂ and walking relative speed (st.s⁻¹) (RS) . V0₂ (ml.kg⁻¹.min⁻¹ ) = 4.747 * e(1.371*RS) During running this relationship was essentially linear . The variability of economy at relative speed (9.08%) and absolute speed (9. 01%) did not differ. Male and female subjects did not differ in response to absolute speed but females were more economical at relative speeds (p<0.05). Those with high and average aerobic capacity did not differ in locomotor economy at relative speed. Higher freely-chosen stride length was associated with a higher V0₂ response as velocity increased. The V0₂ of uphill walking was 1.4 times greater than that for downhill walking (running: 1.28 times) . Stride length decreased with increasing speed in uphill locomotion but the reverse was the case for downhill. The economy and efficiency of walking was greater than that of running. Walking economy was maximal between 0.7 and 0.9 st. s⁻¹. Running economy remained essentially unaffected by increased velocity. The setting of locomotor velocity relative to stature does not minimize inter-subject variability in metabolic and respiratory response .
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
- Authors: Goslin, Brian Richard
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Walking -- Physiological aspects , Running -- Physiological aspects , Human locomotion
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5142 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007177 , Walking -- Physiological aspects , Running -- Physiological aspects , Human locomotion
- Description: Human locomotor economy and efficiency are highly variable. This study investigated the role that stature plays in this variation, by evaluating metabolic and respiratory responses to walking and running at speeds set relative to one's stature. Four groups of subjects: male, high V0₂ max (n = 11); male, average V0₂ max (n = 10); female, high V0₂ max (n = 10); and female, average V0₂ max (n = 11) were habituated to treadmill locomotion prior to the measurement of maximal oxygen consumption (V0₂ max). The V0₂ max test entailed 1 km.h⁻¹ increases per min from 3 to 6 km.h⁻¹ walking, and 7 - 17 km.h⁻¹ running then 1% grade increments per min until exhaustion. On each of four other occasions, the subject walked or ran at 6 of a variety of relative speeds - walking at 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.1, 1.3; running at 1.5, 1.7, 1.9 and for selected subjects 2.1, 2.3 and 2.5 statures.s⁻¹ ,and grades - 0%, +3%, -3%. Steady-state respiratory and metabolic responses, and treadmill speed were monitored by an on-line computer system developed for this study. Cadence and RPE were also monitored. All subjects demonstrated an exponential relationship between V0₂ and walking relative speed (st.s⁻¹) (RS) . V0₂ (ml.kg⁻¹.min⁻¹ ) = 4.747 * e(1.371*RS) During running this relationship was essentially linear . The variability of economy at relative speed (9.08%) and absolute speed (9. 01%) did not differ. Male and female subjects did not differ in response to absolute speed but females were more economical at relative speeds (p<0.05). Those with high and average aerobic capacity did not differ in locomotor economy at relative speed. Higher freely-chosen stride length was associated with a higher V0₂ response as velocity increased. The V0₂ of uphill walking was 1.4 times greater than that for downhill walking (running: 1.28 times) . Stride length decreased with increasing speed in uphill locomotion but the reverse was the case for downhill. The economy and efficiency of walking was greater than that of running. Walking economy was maximal between 0.7 and 0.9 st. s⁻¹. Running economy remained essentially unaffected by increased velocity. The setting of locomotor velocity relative to stature does not minimize inter-subject variability in metabolic and respiratory response .
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
Engel en aarde : gedagtes oor "natuur en bo-natuur" by die lees van Sheila Cussons
- Authors: De Villiers, Johanna Helena
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Cussons, Sheila -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3619 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006960
- Description: Hierdie studie is In poging om uit die veelgeskakeerde digwerk van Sheila Cussons een draad te neem en dit deur te volg; in die hoop dat dit 'n Ariadne-draad mag word tot beter besef van die ryk gestruktureerdheid en diepte van haar verwysingsveld, en die betekenis daarvan vir ons tyd. Dis dan primer die beeld van die engel wat nagespeur word, as bonatuurlike wese wat nie tot die vlak van die fisiese inkorporeer nie. (From Ch. 1)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
- Authors: De Villiers, Johanna Helena
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Cussons, Sheila -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3619 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006960
- Description: Hierdie studie is In poging om uit die veelgeskakeerde digwerk van Sheila Cussons een draad te neem en dit deur te volg; in die hoop dat dit 'n Ariadne-draad mag word tot beter besef van die ryk gestruktureerdheid en diepte van haar verwysingsveld, en die betekenis daarvan vir ons tyd. Dis dan primer die beeld van die engel wat nagespeur word, as bonatuurlike wese wat nie tot die vlak van die fisiese inkorporeer nie. (From Ch. 1)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
Simulation of the visuo-motor processes in the tracking and interception of a tennis ball in play
- Authors: Pappo, Harry A
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Tennis -- Psychological aspects Motor ability -- Physiological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:1365 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001431
- Description: In sports, one might wish to test new ideas regarding player movement, tactics, or strategy without subjecting the athletes to possibly wasteful or even harmful habit formations. If a method of simulation of the athlete can be devised, experiments might reasonably be conducted to evaluate the ideas independently of actual training or trial in the field. Simulation of a complex system generally begins with a long period of analysis. During this time there may be mathematical and programming explorations and constructions to sharpen and examine different approaches. Meetings are usually held by the participants to try to define the task and explore alternatives. Ideas are amplified, possibly discarded as not feasible, or incorporated into the system package. Gradually there evolves a tighter and more acceptable formulation using logical and mathematical expressions (Preface, p. vii)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
- Authors: Pappo, Harry A
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Tennis -- Psychological aspects Motor ability -- Physiological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:1365 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001431
- Description: In sports, one might wish to test new ideas regarding player movement, tactics, or strategy without subjecting the athletes to possibly wasteful or even harmful habit formations. If a method of simulation of the athlete can be devised, experiments might reasonably be conducted to evaluate the ideas independently of actual training or trial in the field. Simulation of a complex system generally begins with a long period of analysis. During this time there may be mathematical and programming explorations and constructions to sharpen and examine different approaches. Meetings are usually held by the participants to try to define the task and explore alternatives. Ideas are amplified, possibly discarded as not feasible, or incorporated into the system package. Gradually there evolves a tighter and more acceptable formulation using logical and mathematical expressions (Preface, p. vii)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
The ecology of Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera : phycitidae) in relation to its effectiveness as a biological control agent of prickly pear and jointed cactus in South Africa
- Authors: Robertson, Hamish Gibson
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Insect-plant relationships Lepidoptera -- South Africa Cactus -- South Africa Weeds -- Biological control -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5671 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005356
- Description: The successful biological control of the shrub-like prickly pear Opuntia stricta Haworth in Australia by cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) was not repeated when C. cactorum, derived from the Australian population, was released in South Africa in the 1930's against the tree prickly pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller. Resistance of the woody portions of o. ficus-indica to attack by C. cactorum was regarded as the main reason for the poor performance of C. cactorum in South Africa. C. cactorum also oviposits and feeds on Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley, which is currently South Africa's most important weed and which is also considered to be partly resistant to attack by C. cactorum. This study had three main objectives: (i) to compare the ecology and effectiveness of C. cactorum as a biological control agent on O. ficusindica and O. aurantiaca; (ii) to reassess why C. cactorum has not been as effective a biological control agent in South Africa as it has been in Australia; and (iii) to evaluate whether inundative release or the importation of new biotypes of C. cactorum from South America (where it is indigenous) might be feasible methods of improving its effectiveness as a biological control agent of O. aurantiaca in South Africa. All field work was undertaken at a site near Grahamstown in South Africa. The ecology and effectiveness of C. cactorum on O. ficus-indica and O. aurantiaca was assessed in terms of its oviposition behaviour, survival and feeding on these host plants. The proportion of C. cactorum eggs laid on O. ficus-indica and O. aurantiaca was similar and was influenced by the size, conspicuousness and condition of the host plant as well as by the proximity of the host plant to moth emergence sites. Factors affecting oviposition site selection on the plant are also considered. Life tables, compiled for a summer and a winter generation, showed that the survival of C. cactorum was greater on O. ficus-indica than on O. aurantiaca, mainly because higher egg predation by ants occurred on the latter host plant species. During the period of study, the population size of C. cactorum was reduced by a number of mortality factors, of which egg predation and the effects of low temperatures on fecundity were the most important. Although there was evidence of a partial, positive response by predatory ants to C. cactorum egg densities on plants, the extent of egg predation was also affected by other factors, particularly seasonal effects. C. cactorum destroyed a greater percentage of cladodes on O. ficu-indica than on O. aurantiaca, but even on O. ficus-indica it was unable to contain the growth of plants within the study area. C. cactorum larvae rarely killed the woody rooted cladodes of O. ficus-indica and O. aurantiaca and consequently whole plants were not often destroyed. The detrimental effects of host plant resistance, natural enemies and climate on the effectiveness of C. cactorum as a biological control agent all appear to be greater in South Africa than in most of the regions occupied by C. cactorum in Australia. A field experiment conducted at the study site showed that inundative release methods for improving the effectiveness of C. cactorum on O. aurantiaca are not feasible. The importation of biotypes of C. cactorum from South America that might be better suited for destroying O. aurantiaca infestations in South Africa, is also not a viable option. Results of a survey of a 218 ha area that is regarded as being heavily infested with O. aurantiaca, illustrate how this cactus species has been overrated as a weed problem. It is argued that the present strategy for O. aurantiaca control in South Africa is not based on sound economic or ecological criteria.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
- Authors: Robertson, Hamish Gibson
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Insect-plant relationships Lepidoptera -- South Africa Cactus -- South Africa Weeds -- Biological control -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5671 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005356
- Description: The successful biological control of the shrub-like prickly pear Opuntia stricta Haworth in Australia by cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) was not repeated when C. cactorum, derived from the Australian population, was released in South Africa in the 1930's against the tree prickly pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller. Resistance of the woody portions of o. ficus-indica to attack by C. cactorum was regarded as the main reason for the poor performance of C. cactorum in South Africa. C. cactorum also oviposits and feeds on Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley, which is currently South Africa's most important weed and which is also considered to be partly resistant to attack by C. cactorum. This study had three main objectives: (i) to compare the ecology and effectiveness of C. cactorum as a biological control agent on O. ficusindica and O. aurantiaca; (ii) to reassess why C. cactorum has not been as effective a biological control agent in South Africa as it has been in Australia; and (iii) to evaluate whether inundative release or the importation of new biotypes of C. cactorum from South America (where it is indigenous) might be feasible methods of improving its effectiveness as a biological control agent of O. aurantiaca in South Africa. All field work was undertaken at a site near Grahamstown in South Africa. The ecology and effectiveness of C. cactorum on O. ficus-indica and O. aurantiaca was assessed in terms of its oviposition behaviour, survival and feeding on these host plants. The proportion of C. cactorum eggs laid on O. ficus-indica and O. aurantiaca was similar and was influenced by the size, conspicuousness and condition of the host plant as well as by the proximity of the host plant to moth emergence sites. Factors affecting oviposition site selection on the plant are also considered. Life tables, compiled for a summer and a winter generation, showed that the survival of C. cactorum was greater on O. ficus-indica than on O. aurantiaca, mainly because higher egg predation by ants occurred on the latter host plant species. During the period of study, the population size of C. cactorum was reduced by a number of mortality factors, of which egg predation and the effects of low temperatures on fecundity were the most important. Although there was evidence of a partial, positive response by predatory ants to C. cactorum egg densities on plants, the extent of egg predation was also affected by other factors, particularly seasonal effects. C. cactorum destroyed a greater percentage of cladodes on O. ficu-indica than on O. aurantiaca, but even on O. ficus-indica it was unable to contain the growth of plants within the study area. C. cactorum larvae rarely killed the woody rooted cladodes of O. ficus-indica and O. aurantiaca and consequently whole plants were not often destroyed. The detrimental effects of host plant resistance, natural enemies and climate on the effectiveness of C. cactorum as a biological control agent all appear to be greater in South Africa than in most of the regions occupied by C. cactorum in Australia. A field experiment conducted at the study site showed that inundative release methods for improving the effectiveness of C. cactorum on O. aurantiaca are not feasible. The importation of biotypes of C. cactorum from South America that might be better suited for destroying O. aurantiaca infestations in South Africa, is also not a viable option. Results of a survey of a 218 ha area that is regarded as being heavily infested with O. aurantiaca, illustrate how this cactus species has been overrated as a weed problem. It is argued that the present strategy for O. aurantiaca control in South Africa is not based on sound economic or ecological criteria.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
The life-world of youth in children's homes
- Mudaly, Balasundran Subramani
- Authors: Mudaly, Balasundran Subramani
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Children -- Institutional care -- Psychological aspects Self in children Emotions in children Identity (Psychology) in children
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2915 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002080
- Description: The study sought to obtain an insightful understanding of the life-world of youth who have not only experienced long-term separation from their biological parents and families but who have also simultaneously experienced prolonged institutional life in a children'e home. Using a descriptive praxis in the context of an existential phenomenological perspective, the study elicited from participants written descriptions of their personal experiences of the phenomenon of self-fulfilment. The data were structurally analysed, expressed in the form of extended descriptions and utilised as the basis for an exposition/appreciation of the life-world relationships of institutional youth. The target group of teenagers was drawn from a specific children's home. However, in order to enhance the findings of the study, data from a comparative group of youth from intact families in the community were also utilised. The study yielded some useful comparative insights which not only formed the basis for certain recommendations but also served as directions for future research. Hopefully, these recommendations and research proposals will be of some immediate interest and comfort to both reeearchers and practitioners in the field of residential child and youth care
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
- Authors: Mudaly, Balasundran Subramani
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: Children -- Institutional care -- Psychological aspects Self in children Emotions in children Identity (Psychology) in children
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2915 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002080
- Description: The study sought to obtain an insightful understanding of the life-world of youth who have not only experienced long-term separation from their biological parents and families but who have also simultaneously experienced prolonged institutional life in a children'e home. Using a descriptive praxis in the context of an existential phenomenological perspective, the study elicited from participants written descriptions of their personal experiences of the phenomenon of self-fulfilment. The data were structurally analysed, expressed in the form of extended descriptions and utilised as the basis for an exposition/appreciation of the life-world relationships of institutional youth. The target group of teenagers was drawn from a specific children's home. However, in order to enhance the findings of the study, data from a comparative group of youth from intact families in the community were also utilised. The study yielded some useful comparative insights which not only formed the basis for certain recommendations but also served as directions for future research. Hopefully, these recommendations and research proposals will be of some immediate interest and comfort to both reeearchers and practitioners in the field of residential child and youth care
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
An analysis of the social and economic consequences of residential relocation arising out of the implementation of an agricultural development scheme in a rural Ciskei village
- Authors: De Wet, C J
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Black people -- Relocation -- South Africa -- Ciskei Ciskei (South Africa) -- Social life and customs Agricultural development projects -- South Africa -- Ciskei Chatha (Ciskei, South Africa) Ciskei (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2116 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008090
- Description: From preface: This dissertation is concerned with the impact of the implementation of a particular kind of agricultural development project, viz. Betterment Planning, upon a rural Black village in the Keiskammahoek Magisterial District of the Ciskei, in South Africa. The project was implemented in the mid-1960s, and involved the re-organisation of the village environment into demarcated arable, grazing and residential areas, which necessitated the villagers moving from their old, scattered residential clusters to several new, concentrated residential areas. This dissertation seeks to trace the consequences of this development project, and particularly the socio-economic consequences of the residential relocation that it involved.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: De Wet, C J
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Black people -- Relocation -- South Africa -- Ciskei Ciskei (South Africa) -- Social life and customs Agricultural development projects -- South Africa -- Ciskei Chatha (Ciskei, South Africa) Ciskei (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2116 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008090
- Description: From preface: This dissertation is concerned with the impact of the implementation of a particular kind of agricultural development project, viz. Betterment Planning, upon a rural Black village in the Keiskammahoek Magisterial District of the Ciskei, in South Africa. The project was implemented in the mid-1960s, and involved the re-organisation of the village environment into demarcated arable, grazing and residential areas, which necessitated the villagers moving from their old, scattered residential clusters to several new, concentrated residential areas. This dissertation seeks to trace the consequences of this development project, and particularly the socio-economic consequences of the residential relocation that it involved.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
Aspects of musical education in Grahamstown, 1832-1950
- Authors: Sparrow, Marion Janet
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: School music -- South Africa -- Grahamstown School music -- Instruction and study -- South Africa -- Grahamstown Music -- South Africa -- Grahamstown -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2664 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004616
- Description: From Introduction: An investigation into aspects of musical education in Grahamstown cannot be isolated from the prevailing economic and social influences and must be seen within that setting. By the 1830's Grahamstown had developed from the frontier military post of 1812, to a settlement with an increasing population, aware of the importance of general education in raising standards and whose attention was concentrated in commerce, allied with agriculture, being a wool centre and a halting-place for traders conveying merchandise northwards, by ox-wagon and later also the chief centre of the ostrich industry. This development had gone on despite a succession of Frontier Wars, the last in 1878. A military presence was felt throughout the years of the nineteenth century and into the early years of the next, although from the late 1850's the chief military posts were in King William's Town and not in Grahamstown. The 1860's witnessed the important discovery of diamonds in South Africa, the first of which was identified by the famous Grahamstonian, Dr William G. Atherstone. This discovery, together with the discovery of gold to the north in the 1880's and the new railway line in that direction side-tracking Grahamstown, plus a slump in the ostrich industry, resulted in the economic decline of the town, but it then directed its energy and enterprise in another direction, education. The many small schools, which had sprung up during earlier decades, were superseded by newly established larger ones, initially for boys, but the 1870's in South Africa saw a revolution in the education of girls (similar to that of the 1850's in England), an occurrence which had an important bearing upon the founding of high schools for girls and Grahamstown was no exception in this respect. In South Africa, tertiary education for women was introduced soon after 1900 (as had occurred in England in the 1870's) and Grahamstown again kept apace. The years of the twentieth century brought about numerous advances in communication (motor cars, roads, aeroplanes, the radio and telephone), the invention of the gramophone, the appearance of "talkies" to replace silent films, the development of electricity as a source of power, great changes from peace to war, worldwide and financial stringency. In addition droughts plagued the farming community. All these influenced life in Grahamstown and education in general. The age of many scholastic institutions in Grahamstown became such, that they were receiving the sons and daughters and also grandsons and granddaughters of former pupils. This continuity played an important part in establishing traditions. Aspects of musical education during more than a century will be examined, firstly, in connection with each individual school and tertiary institution and secondly, by means of a survey. The newspapers, "Graham's Town Journal" and "Grocott's Penny Mail" - later "Grocott's Daily Mail", will be referred to as "IJournal" and "Grocott's", respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: Sparrow, Marion Janet
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: School music -- South Africa -- Grahamstown School music -- Instruction and study -- South Africa -- Grahamstown Music -- South Africa -- Grahamstown -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2664 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004616
- Description: From Introduction: An investigation into aspects of musical education in Grahamstown cannot be isolated from the prevailing economic and social influences and must be seen within that setting. By the 1830's Grahamstown had developed from the frontier military post of 1812, to a settlement with an increasing population, aware of the importance of general education in raising standards and whose attention was concentrated in commerce, allied with agriculture, being a wool centre and a halting-place for traders conveying merchandise northwards, by ox-wagon and later also the chief centre of the ostrich industry. This development had gone on despite a succession of Frontier Wars, the last in 1878. A military presence was felt throughout the years of the nineteenth century and into the early years of the next, although from the late 1850's the chief military posts were in King William's Town and not in Grahamstown. The 1860's witnessed the important discovery of diamonds in South Africa, the first of which was identified by the famous Grahamstonian, Dr William G. Atherstone. This discovery, together with the discovery of gold to the north in the 1880's and the new railway line in that direction side-tracking Grahamstown, plus a slump in the ostrich industry, resulted in the economic decline of the town, but it then directed its energy and enterprise in another direction, education. The many small schools, which had sprung up during earlier decades, were superseded by newly established larger ones, initially for boys, but the 1870's in South Africa saw a revolution in the education of girls (similar to that of the 1850's in England), an occurrence which had an important bearing upon the founding of high schools for girls and Grahamstown was no exception in this respect. In South Africa, tertiary education for women was introduced soon after 1900 (as had occurred in England in the 1870's) and Grahamstown again kept apace. The years of the twentieth century brought about numerous advances in communication (motor cars, roads, aeroplanes, the radio and telephone), the invention of the gramophone, the appearance of "talkies" to replace silent films, the development of electricity as a source of power, great changes from peace to war, worldwide and financial stringency. In addition droughts plagued the farming community. All these influenced life in Grahamstown and education in general. The age of many scholastic institutions in Grahamstown became such, that they were receiving the sons and daughters and also grandsons and granddaughters of former pupils. This continuity played an important part in establishing traditions. Aspects of musical education during more than a century will be examined, firstly, in connection with each individual school and tertiary institution and secondly, by means of a survey. The newspapers, "Graham's Town Journal" and "Grocott's Penny Mail" - later "Grocott's Daily Mail", will be referred to as "IJournal" and "Grocott's", respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
Discordant bodies of postcumulis, ultramafic rock in the upper critical zone of the Bushveld complex : iron-rich ultramafic pegmatite bodies at Amandelbult and the Driekop platiniferous ultramafic pipe
- Authors: Scoon, Roger N
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Ultrabasic rocks -- South Africa -- North-western Transvaal Pegmatites -- South Africa -- North-western Transvaal Platinum ores -- South Africa -- North-western Transvaal
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4930 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004912
- Description: From the abstract: In the layered sequence of the Bushveld Complex a number of distinct, but possibly genetically related groups of transgressive, postcumulus, ultramafic and mafic rock are recognised. The main part of this thesis investigates a suite of postcumulus rocks for which the name iron-rich ultramafic pegmatite is proposed. The majority of iron-rich ultramafic pegmatite bodies examined are from the upper critical zone of the layered sequence at Rustenburg Platinum Mines Amandelbult Section, in the northern sector of the western Bushveld Complex. Field relationships imply that the iron-rich ultramafic pegmatites should be considered as an integral feature of the layered sequence, even though they transgress the cumulates. Consequently, this thesis also includes a study of the cumulate sequence at Amandelbult. A second group of postcumulus, ultramafic rocks which is investigated comprises latiniferous ultramafic pipes; the Driekop pipe has been selected as a case study. This thesis is presented in four sections, namely, an introduction and verview, and studies on the Driekop pipe, the cumulate sequence at mandelbult and the iron-rich ultramafic pegmatite suite. A new classification scheme of discordant bodies of postcumulus, ultramafic rock in he Bushveld Complex is proposed (see also Viljoen & Scoon, in press). In he scheme presented here, two main varieties of postcumulus, ultramafic rock re recognised, namely, non-platiniferous magnesian dunites and iron-rich ltramafic pegmatites.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: Scoon, Roger N
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Ultrabasic rocks -- South Africa -- North-western Transvaal Pegmatites -- South Africa -- North-western Transvaal Platinum ores -- South Africa -- North-western Transvaal
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4930 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004912
- Description: From the abstract: In the layered sequence of the Bushveld Complex a number of distinct, but possibly genetically related groups of transgressive, postcumulus, ultramafic and mafic rock are recognised. The main part of this thesis investigates a suite of postcumulus rocks for which the name iron-rich ultramafic pegmatite is proposed. The majority of iron-rich ultramafic pegmatite bodies examined are from the upper critical zone of the layered sequence at Rustenburg Platinum Mines Amandelbult Section, in the northern sector of the western Bushveld Complex. Field relationships imply that the iron-rich ultramafic pegmatites should be considered as an integral feature of the layered sequence, even though they transgress the cumulates. Consequently, this thesis also includes a study of the cumulate sequence at Amandelbult. A second group of postcumulus, ultramafic rocks which is investigated comprises latiniferous ultramafic pipes; the Driekop pipe has been selected as a case study. This thesis is presented in four sections, namely, an introduction and verview, and studies on the Driekop pipe, the cumulate sequence at mandelbult and the iron-rich ultramafic pegmatite suite. A new classification scheme of discordant bodies of postcumulus, ultramafic rock in he Bushveld Complex is proposed (see also Viljoen & Scoon, in press). In he scheme presented here, two main varieties of postcumulus, ultramafic rock re recognised, namely, non-platiniferous magnesian dunites and iron-rich ltramafic pegmatites.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
For love and money: Beatrice Grimshaw's Passage to Papua
- Authors: Gardner, Susan Jane
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Grimshaw, Beatrice, 1871-1953 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2259 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004509
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: Gardner, Susan Jane
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Grimshaw, Beatrice, 1871-1953 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2259 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004509
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
The adsorption of chelating reagents on oxide minerals
- Bryson, Michael Andrew Walker
- Authors: Bryson, Michael Andrew Walker
- Date: 1986
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:20969 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5729
- Description: This work constitutes a fundamental study of the interaction between chelating reagents and oxide minerals . The adsorption mechanisms have been elucidated for most of the systems generated by the oxides of copper(II) or iron(III) and chelating reagents octyl hydroxamate, N-phenylbenzohydroxamate, salicylaldoxime, 5-nitrosalicylaldoxime or 8-hydroxyquinoline. The results of the preliminary work on one of the systems, viz. the oxide-hydroxamate system, indicated that the classical type adsorption process, in which the reagent forms a uniform layer of chelate over the oxide surface was not applicable. Rather, the adsorption occurred via the formation of a discrete metal-chelate precipitate at the oxide surface. In order to better understand the associated with copper (II) oxide, adsorption process the oxide was recrystallized to produce a coarser material with a more uniform surface. This allowed the oxide surface to be viewed under the scanning electron microscope and also enabled the relative concentration of "surface" and "bulk" chelate to be assessed. A detailed investigation of the effect of the system variables; pH, conditioning period, concentration, temperature, surface area and dispersing reagent on the rate of precipitation of the copper chelate species of general form, Cu(chel)2' was made. In addition the chemical nature of the adsorbed species and the structural form of the precipitates were determined with the aid of infra-red spectroscopy and the scanning electron microscope. On the basis of these results a model has been formulated for the adsorption processes. In this model the adsorption dissolution, is considered to occur in stages: 1. Oxide dissolution, 2. metal complex formation, 3. Metal chelate precipitation at the oxide surface and 4. “bulk” chelate formation by post-precipitation processes. The precipitation process was examined in more detail by the study of the adsorption of chelate on copper metal. The results of this study showed that it was possible to relate the structural type of precipitate formed, ie. fibrous or platelike, to the degree of supersaturation of the metal complex in solution. Furthermore, it was found that the precipitate structure determined whether it remained attached to the surface or detached. Contact angle measurements of air bubbles on copper metal conditioned with chelate were related to the adsorption results in an attempt to isolate the optimum conditions for flotation of oxide minerals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: Bryson, Michael Andrew Walker
- Date: 1986
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:20969 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5729
- Description: This work constitutes a fundamental study of the interaction between chelating reagents and oxide minerals . The adsorption mechanisms have been elucidated for most of the systems generated by the oxides of copper(II) or iron(III) and chelating reagents octyl hydroxamate, N-phenylbenzohydroxamate, salicylaldoxime, 5-nitrosalicylaldoxime or 8-hydroxyquinoline. The results of the preliminary work on one of the systems, viz. the oxide-hydroxamate system, indicated that the classical type adsorption process, in which the reagent forms a uniform layer of chelate over the oxide surface was not applicable. Rather, the adsorption occurred via the formation of a discrete metal-chelate precipitate at the oxide surface. In order to better understand the associated with copper (II) oxide, adsorption process the oxide was recrystallized to produce a coarser material with a more uniform surface. This allowed the oxide surface to be viewed under the scanning electron microscope and also enabled the relative concentration of "surface" and "bulk" chelate to be assessed. A detailed investigation of the effect of the system variables; pH, conditioning period, concentration, temperature, surface area and dispersing reagent on the rate of precipitation of the copper chelate species of general form, Cu(chel)2' was made. In addition the chemical nature of the adsorbed species and the structural form of the precipitates were determined with the aid of infra-red spectroscopy and the scanning electron microscope. On the basis of these results a model has been formulated for the adsorption processes. In this model the adsorption dissolution, is considered to occur in stages: 1. Oxide dissolution, 2. metal complex formation, 3. Metal chelate precipitation at the oxide surface and 4. “bulk” chelate formation by post-precipitation processes. The precipitation process was examined in more detail by the study of the adsorption of chelate on copper metal. The results of this study showed that it was possible to relate the structural type of precipitate formed, ie. fibrous or platelike, to the degree of supersaturation of the metal complex in solution. Furthermore, it was found that the precipitate structure determined whether it remained attached to the surface or detached. Contact angle measurements of air bubbles on copper metal conditioned with chelate were related to the adsorption results in an attempt to isolate the optimum conditions for flotation of oxide minerals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
The biology of the South African cliff swallow hirundo spilodera
- Authors: Earlé, Roy Anthony
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Hirundo pyrrhonota Birds -- Breeding -- South Africa Birds -- Behavior -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5631 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004927
- Description: The general biology of the South African Cliff Swallow Hirundo spilodera was studied over a two year period in the central Orange Free State. This species is highly colonial, nesting mostly on man-made structures such as concrete road bridges. Adult birds were usually faithful to their breeding colony and very few individuals changed colonies. The Cliff Swallow had a surprisingly large vocal repertoire for a swallow and contact calls of the young were individually recognizable. Three species-specific ectoparasites parasitized the Cliff Swallow but none seemed to have a noticeable negative effect on the swallows. Breeding started earlier in larger colonies than in smaller ones and conspecific brood parasitism was a common feature in some colonies. Individual pairs made up to four breeding attempts per season. The findings of this study are compared with the available information on other members of the Hirundinidae and the advantages and costs of Cliff Swallow coloniality are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: Earlé, Roy Anthony
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Hirundo pyrrhonota Birds -- Breeding -- South Africa Birds -- Behavior -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5631 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004927
- Description: The general biology of the South African Cliff Swallow Hirundo spilodera was studied over a two year period in the central Orange Free State. This species is highly colonial, nesting mostly on man-made structures such as concrete road bridges. Adult birds were usually faithful to their breeding colony and very few individuals changed colonies. The Cliff Swallow had a surprisingly large vocal repertoire for a swallow and contact calls of the young were individually recognizable. Three species-specific ectoparasites parasitized the Cliff Swallow but none seemed to have a noticeable negative effect on the swallows. Breeding started earlier in larger colonies than in smaller ones and conspecific brood parasitism was a common feature in some colonies. Individual pairs made up to four breeding attempts per season. The findings of this study are compared with the available information on other members of the Hirundinidae and the advantages and costs of Cliff Swallow coloniality are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
The development of the meaning of non-ostensive words in a group of primary school children
- Authors: Segal, Denise Erica
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Connotation (Linguistics) , Children -- Language , Language acquisition
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2372 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004917 , Connotation (Linguistics) , Children -- Language , Language acquisition
- Description: The purpose of the present study was to investigate word meaning and its development in primary school children (6-12 years) . It was argued that the learning and development of the meanings of words such as pain cannot be primarily explained by means of ostensive definition. Furthermore, existing theories of word meaning which deal predominantly with substantive words fail to account for the learning of non-ostensive words. The pertinent psychological, linguistic and developmental psycholinguistic approaches to word meaning are reviewed briefly. The prototype approaches to word meaning are modified to apply to non-ostensive words . The focus is on conceptual meaning, that is, the way in which the senses of a word alter in different contexts. It is argued that the meaning of the word is its use in a diversity of linguistic contexts. The term "grammar" is applied in a unique way to encompass the meaning of the word (which stems in part from the words with which it co-occurs) as well as its selective use with other words in the language. Ninety-five metalinguistically-phrased tasks comprising short questions and picture-story sequences were analyzed in depth. The tasks were administered individually. A flexible interview afforded additional probing for each question. The analysis comprised percentage scores of responses at different age levels together with verbatim transcripts and qualitative descriptions: Uniformity, variation and developmental trends were found on different tasks for any particular word. Developmental trends were noted in children's understanding of particular words (for example, same), thereby extending the findings of previous researchers. There was evidence for a progression in children's ability to take into consideration that a word alters its sense according to the linguistic context in which it occurs (for example, same as it relates to chair versus dress versus pain). A comprehensive account of the words meaning could be established when a diversity of tasks was applied for each word. Children of different age levels employed different strategies in answering the questions posed. A model is proposed to describe the development of the meaning of non-ostensive words during the primary school years. It is suggested that psycholinguistic studies on word meaning be re-evaluated and that language and reading programmes incorporate the notion of "grammar". Application of this approach to the study of substantive word meaning in preschool children has important implications for theories of word meaning and for therapeutic intervention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: Segal, Denise Erica
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Connotation (Linguistics) , Children -- Language , Language acquisition
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2372 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004917 , Connotation (Linguistics) , Children -- Language , Language acquisition
- Description: The purpose of the present study was to investigate word meaning and its development in primary school children (6-12 years) . It was argued that the learning and development of the meanings of words such as pain cannot be primarily explained by means of ostensive definition. Furthermore, existing theories of word meaning which deal predominantly with substantive words fail to account for the learning of non-ostensive words. The pertinent psychological, linguistic and developmental psycholinguistic approaches to word meaning are reviewed briefly. The prototype approaches to word meaning are modified to apply to non-ostensive words . The focus is on conceptual meaning, that is, the way in which the senses of a word alter in different contexts. It is argued that the meaning of the word is its use in a diversity of linguistic contexts. The term "grammar" is applied in a unique way to encompass the meaning of the word (which stems in part from the words with which it co-occurs) as well as its selective use with other words in the language. Ninety-five metalinguistically-phrased tasks comprising short questions and picture-story sequences were analyzed in depth. The tasks were administered individually. A flexible interview afforded additional probing for each question. The analysis comprised percentage scores of responses at different age levels together with verbatim transcripts and qualitative descriptions: Uniformity, variation and developmental trends were found on different tasks for any particular word. Developmental trends were noted in children's understanding of particular words (for example, same), thereby extending the findings of previous researchers. There was evidence for a progression in children's ability to take into consideration that a word alters its sense according to the linguistic context in which it occurs (for example, same as it relates to chair versus dress versus pain). A comprehensive account of the words meaning could be established when a diversity of tasks was applied for each word. Children of different age levels employed different strategies in answering the questions posed. A model is proposed to describe the development of the meaning of non-ostensive words during the primary school years. It is suggested that psycholinguistic studies on word meaning be re-evaluated and that language and reading programmes incorporate the notion of "grammar". Application of this approach to the study of substantive word meaning in preschool children has important implications for theories of word meaning and for therapeutic intervention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
Xhosa narrative : an analysis of the production and linguistic properties of discourse with particular reference to "iintsomi" texts
- Authors: Gough, David Huw
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Folk literature, Xhosa Xhosa language -- Spoken Xhosa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3564 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002086
- Description: Although the areas I intend to investigate are rather diverse, what unites them is a concern for the ancient and fascinating question of the relationship between language and thought. Assumptions concerning the latter are surely latent as the basis for any inquiry into language. One of my general purposes is to give some overt orientation to this problem which is all too often simply glossed over. More particularly, I am also concerned with shaping a new approach to Bantu linguistic inquiry in terms of an emphasis on discourse analysis. In the context of the burgeoning of discourse analysis internationally, the field has been seriously neglected in Southern Africa. Studies of discourse are, we believe, vital to advancing our knowledge of inter-ethnic communication and understanding, an area that cannot be ignored in Southern Africa. In more general terms, I hope that this thesis represents a challenge to linguistic inquiry in ways that we have already outlined above. Most importantly, is that while it appears that most South African linguists are satisfied with adopting a rigid monotheoretical approach, I differ, advocating a multitheoretical perspective. This, I believe, allows a greater and more holistic view not only of the 'data' in question but also in terms of the general nature of inquiry, as well as the 'world' it attempts to describe. The body of this thesis is divided into two sections which reflect the two central concerns we have outlined above. Section A, divided into three chapters, is chiefly concerned with the conceptual basis of Xhosa narrative and its linguistic manifestation. In this section we shall find cause to query and to redefine traditional approaches to the linguistic categories manifest in Xhosa narrative. In section B, also divided into three chapters, we shall be concerned with the development of a theory of narrative production with specific reference to intsomi production. In this section we include an in depth criticism of previous approaches to this problem before developing and applying our own theory. There are two appendices attached to this thesis. The first presents certain tables and figures relevant to chapter 4. while the second includes the narrative texts from which we draw our examples. (Introduction, p. 21-22)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: Gough, David Huw
- Date: 1986
- Subjects: Folk literature, Xhosa Xhosa language -- Spoken Xhosa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3564 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002086
- Description: Although the areas I intend to investigate are rather diverse, what unites them is a concern for the ancient and fascinating question of the relationship between language and thought. Assumptions concerning the latter are surely latent as the basis for any inquiry into language. One of my general purposes is to give some overt orientation to this problem which is all too often simply glossed over. More particularly, I am also concerned with shaping a new approach to Bantu linguistic inquiry in terms of an emphasis on discourse analysis. In the context of the burgeoning of discourse analysis internationally, the field has been seriously neglected in Southern Africa. Studies of discourse are, we believe, vital to advancing our knowledge of inter-ethnic communication and understanding, an area that cannot be ignored in Southern Africa. In more general terms, I hope that this thesis represents a challenge to linguistic inquiry in ways that we have already outlined above. Most importantly, is that while it appears that most South African linguists are satisfied with adopting a rigid monotheoretical approach, I differ, advocating a multitheoretical perspective. This, I believe, allows a greater and more holistic view not only of the 'data' in question but also in terms of the general nature of inquiry, as well as the 'world' it attempts to describe. The body of this thesis is divided into two sections which reflect the two central concerns we have outlined above. Section A, divided into three chapters, is chiefly concerned with the conceptual basis of Xhosa narrative and its linguistic manifestation. In this section we shall find cause to query and to redefine traditional approaches to the linguistic categories manifest in Xhosa narrative. In section B, also divided into three chapters, we shall be concerned with the development of a theory of narrative production with specific reference to intsomi production. In this section we include an in depth criticism of previous approaches to this problem before developing and applying our own theory. There are two appendices attached to this thesis. The first presents certain tables and figures relevant to chapter 4. while the second includes the narrative texts from which we draw our examples. (Introduction, p. 21-22)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
A study of the nature, function and availability of orders of restitutio in integrum and specific performance as remedies in South African law
- Authors: Lambiris, Michael A
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Restitutio in integrum (Roman law) Restitutio in integrum -- South Africa Remedies (Law) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3703 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004752
- Description: This study is of two remedies that are available in South African law: orders of restitutio in integrum, and specific performance. The study demonstrates that, by treating these remedies as legal topics in their own right, a greater understanding emerges of their inherent characteristics, the role that they play in the law, and of the particular circumstances in which these remedies are available. An order of restitutio in integrum performs an important and unique function in South African law. The fundamental realisation is that it is a remedy in terms of which the courts exercise an extraordinary and discretionary power, and nullify ab initio legal transactions, or the legal consequences of events, which were previously perfectly valid and enforceable at law. Because of the extraordinary nature of this remedy, the circumstances in which it is available are limited by the requirement that iusta causa must exist to justify nullification. Further, before the remedy is available, the person seeking relief must have suffered loss or prejudice as a result of the event complained of. Finally, a mutual restoration of benefits received by the persons involved is required. The nature and effect of orders of restitutio in integrum, and the essential elements which determine the availability of the remedy, enable it to be distinguished from, and contrasted with, other remedies in South African law. An order of specific performance is available in South African law, at the option of a plaintiff, to enforce the actual performance of contractual undertakings. The remedy is appropriate to enforce positive undertakings, as well as acts of restraint. For the remedy to be available, it is firstly necessary that a contractual obligation be proved to exist. Secondly, performance of that obligation must be due. Thirdly, the performance sought must not in fact have already been rendered. These elements determine the availability of the remedy in particular factual circumstances, such as in cases involving pre-emptive rights. The nature and characteristics of the remedy are determined by principles of South African, and not English law. The remedy is available as of right in South African law, but subject to a discretionary power of a court to refuse to order specific performance. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
- Authors: Lambiris, Michael A
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Restitutio in integrum (Roman law) Restitutio in integrum -- South Africa Remedies (Law) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3703 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004752
- Description: This study is of two remedies that are available in South African law: orders of restitutio in integrum, and specific performance. The study demonstrates that, by treating these remedies as legal topics in their own right, a greater understanding emerges of their inherent characteristics, the role that they play in the law, and of the particular circumstances in which these remedies are available. An order of restitutio in integrum performs an important and unique function in South African law. The fundamental realisation is that it is a remedy in terms of which the courts exercise an extraordinary and discretionary power, and nullify ab initio legal transactions, or the legal consequences of events, which were previously perfectly valid and enforceable at law. Because of the extraordinary nature of this remedy, the circumstances in which it is available are limited by the requirement that iusta causa must exist to justify nullification. Further, before the remedy is available, the person seeking relief must have suffered loss or prejudice as a result of the event complained of. Finally, a mutual restoration of benefits received by the persons involved is required. The nature and effect of orders of restitutio in integrum, and the essential elements which determine the availability of the remedy, enable it to be distinguished from, and contrasted with, other remedies in South African law. An order of specific performance is available in South African law, at the option of a plaintiff, to enforce the actual performance of contractual undertakings. The remedy is appropriate to enforce positive undertakings, as well as acts of restraint. For the remedy to be available, it is firstly necessary that a contractual obligation be proved to exist. Secondly, performance of that obligation must be due. Thirdly, the performance sought must not in fact have already been rendered. These elements determine the availability of the remedy in particular factual circumstances, such as in cases involving pre-emptive rights. The nature and characteristics of the remedy are determined by principles of South African, and not English law. The remedy is available as of right in South African law, but subject to a discretionary power of a court to refuse to order specific performance. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
A study of the population dynamics, production and potential yield of the sardine Limnothrissa Miodon (Boulenger) in Lake Kariba
- Authors: Marshall, Brian Eric
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Fishes Lake Tanganyika sardine
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5191 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001967
- Description: The limnology of Lake Kariba, especially those aspects that affect sardine biology, are described. The hydrological regime of the lake is seen as a major influence and may be one of the reasons why the fish are very much smaller in Kariba than they are in Lakes Tanganyika or Kivu. Growth was reassessed and there appeared to be a correlation between rates of growth and limnological parameters. In particular, the fish appeared to grow faster, but smaller, in the man-made lakes and this may be a consequence of food shortages brought about by their hydrological characteristics. Mortality rates were also much higher in Kariba and this tended to support the view that the lake is a relatively unsuitable habitat for the sardines. However, estimates of biomass, expressed in terms of lake volume, contradicted this as they were very similar in both Kariba and Tanganyika. The life history strategy of Limnothrissa in Kariba was therefore to reduce its size and increase its productivity in order to maintain the maximum possible biomass and its very high P/B̄ ratio was probably the means by which this was achieved. In terms of lake volume the predicted yields from the pelagic communities of Kariba and Tanganyika were very similar, equivalent to about 20 000 t annually for Kariba. This is close to the yield predicted by several empirical models and the fishery now appears to be entering a phase where increases in effort will not be matched by increased yields. The mechanisms for controlling effort in the fishery appear to be inadequate and particular concern was expressed about the lack of co-ordination between the Zimbabwean and Zambian fishery authorities in planning the development of this shared resource.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
- Authors: Marshall, Brian Eric
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Fishes Lake Tanganyika sardine
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5191 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001967
- Description: The limnology of Lake Kariba, especially those aspects that affect sardine biology, are described. The hydrological regime of the lake is seen as a major influence and may be one of the reasons why the fish are very much smaller in Kariba than they are in Lakes Tanganyika or Kivu. Growth was reassessed and there appeared to be a correlation between rates of growth and limnological parameters. In particular, the fish appeared to grow faster, but smaller, in the man-made lakes and this may be a consequence of food shortages brought about by their hydrological characteristics. Mortality rates were also much higher in Kariba and this tended to support the view that the lake is a relatively unsuitable habitat for the sardines. However, estimates of biomass, expressed in terms of lake volume, contradicted this as they were very similar in both Kariba and Tanganyika. The life history strategy of Limnothrissa in Kariba was therefore to reduce its size and increase its productivity in order to maintain the maximum possible biomass and its very high P/B̄ ratio was probably the means by which this was achieved. In terms of lake volume the predicted yields from the pelagic communities of Kariba and Tanganyika were very similar, equivalent to about 20 000 t annually for Kariba. This is close to the yield predicted by several empirical models and the fishery now appears to be entering a phase where increases in effort will not be matched by increased yields. The mechanisms for controlling effort in the fishery appear to be inadequate and particular concern was expressed about the lack of co-ordination between the Zimbabwean and Zambian fishery authorities in planning the development of this shared resource.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
An empirical phenomenological study of happiness
- Authors: Parker, Peter Burns
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Happiness
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2912 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002077
- Description: The aim of this study was to investigate man's attunement when happy. Having established a question which would elicit actual experiences of this phenomenon, the researcher collected sixty-four written accounts of the experience. Of these he chose the twelve psychologically richest accounts and, having interviewed each of these twelve subjects to push their written descriptions to their limits, he analysed the resulting protocols using an empirical phenomenological method. The general structure of the experience of happiness suggested that happiness emerged as a special openness against a background where individuals were less than happy. During happiness there is a breaking through the bonds of the individual's mundane, everyday disclosure of the world. It transports the individual to an existence in which the ruptures which form part of man's lived relationships to himself, to his fellowman, to the world and to life itself are healed, and in which life is lived in increased harmony with all. There is a coming home to the self, a move toward wholeness which is enlivened bodily by a radiating vibrancy (often a tingling lightness and brightness), as the individual expands with energy, power, self-confidence and mastery, and rises above the troubles of life. This structure of happiness was dialogued with the writing of existential philosophers and psychologists, psychoanalysts and humanists
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
- Authors: Parker, Peter Burns
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Happiness
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2912 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002077
- Description: The aim of this study was to investigate man's attunement when happy. Having established a question which would elicit actual experiences of this phenomenon, the researcher collected sixty-four written accounts of the experience. Of these he chose the twelve psychologically richest accounts and, having interviewed each of these twelve subjects to push their written descriptions to their limits, he analysed the resulting protocols using an empirical phenomenological method. The general structure of the experience of happiness suggested that happiness emerged as a special openness against a background where individuals were less than happy. During happiness there is a breaking through the bonds of the individual's mundane, everyday disclosure of the world. It transports the individual to an existence in which the ruptures which form part of man's lived relationships to himself, to his fellowman, to the world and to life itself are healed, and in which life is lived in increased harmony with all. There is a coming home to the self, a move toward wholeness which is enlivened bodily by a radiating vibrancy (often a tingling lightness and brightness), as the individual expands with energy, power, self-confidence and mastery, and rises above the troubles of life. This structure of happiness was dialogued with the writing of existential philosophers and psychologists, psychoanalysts and humanists
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
An intelligent computer-based tutor for elementary mechanics problems
- Authors: Oberem, Graham Edmund
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Physics -- Programmed instruction Physics -- Computer-assisted instruction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5444 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001997
- Description: ALBERT, an intelligent problem-solving monitor and coach, has been developed to assist students solving problems in one-dimensional kinematics. Students may type in kinematics problems directly from their textbooks. ALBERT understands the problems, knows how to solve them, and can teach students how to solve them. The program is implemented in the TUTOR language and runs on the Control Data mainframe PLATO system. A natural language interface was designed to understand kinematics problems stated in textbook English. The interface is based on a pattern recognition system which is intended to parallel a cognitive model of language processing. The natural language system has understood over 60 problems taken directly from elementary Physics textbooks. Two problem-solving routines are included in ALBERT. One is goal-directed and solves the problems using the standard kinematic equations. The other uses the definition of acceleration and the relationship between displacement and average velocity to solve the problems. It employs a forward-directed problem-solving strategy. The natural language interface and both the problem-solvers are fast and completely adequate for the task. The tutorial dialogue system uses a modified version of the natural language interface which operates in a two-tier fashion. First an attempt is made to understand the input with the pattern recognition system, and if that fails, a keyword matching system is invoked. The result has been a fairly robust language interface. The tutorial is driven by a tutorial management system (embodying a tutorial model) and a context model. The context model consists of a student model, a tutorial status model and a dynamic dialogue model. ALBERT permits a mixed initiative dialogue in the discussion of a problem. The system has been tested by Physics students in more than 80 problemsolving sessions and the results have been good. The response of the students has been very favourable
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
- Authors: Oberem, Graham Edmund
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Physics -- Programmed instruction Physics -- Computer-assisted instruction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5444 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001997
- Description: ALBERT, an intelligent problem-solving monitor and coach, has been developed to assist students solving problems in one-dimensional kinematics. Students may type in kinematics problems directly from their textbooks. ALBERT understands the problems, knows how to solve them, and can teach students how to solve them. The program is implemented in the TUTOR language and runs on the Control Data mainframe PLATO system. A natural language interface was designed to understand kinematics problems stated in textbook English. The interface is based on a pattern recognition system which is intended to parallel a cognitive model of language processing. The natural language system has understood over 60 problems taken directly from elementary Physics textbooks. Two problem-solving routines are included in ALBERT. One is goal-directed and solves the problems using the standard kinematic equations. The other uses the definition of acceleration and the relationship between displacement and average velocity to solve the problems. It employs a forward-directed problem-solving strategy. The natural language interface and both the problem-solvers are fast and completely adequate for the task. The tutorial dialogue system uses a modified version of the natural language interface which operates in a two-tier fashion. First an attempt is made to understand the input with the pattern recognition system, and if that fails, a keyword matching system is invoked. The result has been a fairly robust language interface. The tutorial is driven by a tutorial management system (embodying a tutorial model) and a context model. The context model consists of a student model, a tutorial status model and a dynamic dialogue model. ALBERT permits a mixed initiative dialogue in the discussion of a problem. The system has been tested by Physics students in more than 80 problemsolving sessions and the results have been good. The response of the students has been very favourable
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
Die dood, die minnaar en die oedipale struktuur in die Ingrid Jonker-teks
- Authors: Van Wyk, André Johan
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Jonker, Ingrid, 1933-1965 -- Criticism and interpretation Afrikaans poetry -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3608 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003917
- Description: From Inleiding: In dié inleiding word die implikasies van die woord "teks", asook die resepsie van die Ingrid Jonker-teks in die lig van haar dood, en 'n eie benaderingswyse, in teenstelling met die tradisionele kritiese metodes, bespreek. 1.1 Die teks: Die Ingrid Jonker-teks behels (met die dood, die rninnaar en die OedipaIe struktuur as uitgangspunt) aIIes waarop die woorde "Ingrid Jonker", as teks - die parentese tussen die datums op haar grafsteen - dui. Dit beteken dat genre-onderskeidinge en die onderskeid biografie en literatuur opgehef word. Verdere implikasies van die woord "teks" gaan vervolgens ter inleiding ondersoek word. Daar sal ruim gebruik gemaak word van die literêr-teoretiese en filosofiese veronderstellinge van Julia Kristeva, Maurice Blanchot, Jacques Derrida, Jacques Lacan, Pierre Macherey en Roland Barthes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
- Authors: Van Wyk, André Johan
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Jonker, Ingrid, 1933-1965 -- Criticism and interpretation Afrikaans poetry -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3608 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003917
- Description: From Inleiding: In dié inleiding word die implikasies van die woord "teks", asook die resepsie van die Ingrid Jonker-teks in die lig van haar dood, en 'n eie benaderingswyse, in teenstelling met die tradisionele kritiese metodes, bespreek. 1.1 Die teks: Die Ingrid Jonker-teks behels (met die dood, die rninnaar en die OedipaIe struktuur as uitgangspunt) aIIes waarop die woorde "Ingrid Jonker", as teks - die parentese tussen die datums op haar grafsteen - dui. Dit beteken dat genre-onderskeidinge en die onderskeid biografie en literatuur opgehef word. Verdere implikasies van die woord "teks" gaan vervolgens ter inleiding ondersoek word. Daar sal ruim gebruik gemaak word van die literêr-teoretiese en filosofiese veronderstellinge van Julia Kristeva, Maurice Blanchot, Jacques Derrida, Jacques Lacan, Pierre Macherey en Roland Barthes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
Investering : die problematiek van investering-besluitneming vir die privaatsektor in die vervaardigingsbedryf in die Grens, Ciskei en Transkei
- Authors: O'Neill, Richard Charles
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Investments -- South Africa -- Ciskei , Investments -- South Africa -- Transkei
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:924 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001450
- Description: Die langtermynaard van 'n investering noop die voornemende investeerder om meer omsigtig te beplan as in die geval van 'n belegging wat gewoonlik oor 'n korter termyn strek. Die voornemende investeerder moet besef dat 'n investeringsbesluit nie in isolasie van eksterne faktore geneem kan word nie. Dit is daarom raadsaam dat die voornemende investeerder hom deeglik van die makro- en mikro ekonomiese milieu waarbinne die investering beoog word, sal vergewis. Ten einde die kompleksiteit van investeringsbesluitneming op te helder, word daareerstens in hoofstuk 1 op die begrip van investering gekonsentreer. Voorts word die beginsel dat die investeringsbesluit nie in isolasie geneem kan word nie, beklemtoon. In hierdie opsig word daar veral na die determinante van investering gekyk. In makro-ekonomiese verband word die gedagte sterk beklemtoon dat investering nodig is om kapitaalvorming te laat plaasvind wat op sy beurt een van die vereistes is om ontwikkeling te bevorder. As gevolg van meningsverskille ten opsigte van die invloed van investering in ontwikkelde teenoor ontwikkelende lande is daar gevolglik aandag aan enkele ekonomiese groeimodelle gegee. Gesien uit die oogpunt van die daarstelling van 'n konsessiepakket om streeksekonomiese ontwikkeling te stimuleer, is die huidige konsessiepakket met die determinante van investering vergelyk. Daardeur word die kwessie aangeraak of die konsessiepakket weI die teoretiese determinante van investering in ag geneem het. Die belangrike vraag of die nyweraars self met die konsessiepakket tevrede is, word in die empiriese studie behandel. Die langtermynaard van 'n investering sal die weldeurdagte investeerder dwing om 'n verdere determinant, naamlik die land as risikofaktor deeglik in ag te neem. Met hierdie veronderstelling word daar in hoofstuk 2 na die land waar die investering oorweeg sal word, naamlik Suid-Afrika gekyk. Daar word veral aan die ekonomiese ontwikkeling van Suid-Afrika aandag gegee. In hierdie opsig word die ongelyke verdeling van inkome wat gedurende die jare al hoe meer beklemtoon is, bespreek en word daar na owerheidspogings gekyk om die probleem op streeksvlak teen te werk. Hierdie owerheidspogings konsentreer helaas op die daarstelling van 'n streeksekonomiese beleid wat moes meehelp om die geografiese verskille in die verdeling van inkome teen te werk. Die streeksekonomiese beleid het gestalte gekry in die vorm van 'n konsessiepakket wat dan ook in hierdie hoofstuk bespreek word. Aangesien die konsessiepakket daarop ingestel was om nyweraars na gedesentraliseerde gebiede te lok, is dit 'n voorwaarde vir die sukses van streeksekonomiese beleid dat nyweraars wat gedesentraliseer het met die konsessiepakket tevrede moet wees. Die navorsingsmetodiek wat gevolg is om hierdie vraag te probeer beantwoord word in hoofstuk 3 bespreek. Daar word in hierdie hoofstuk na die onderwerp, die hipotese, die vraelys en die beantwoordingsmetode gekyk. Hierdie hoofstuk dien dus as 'n skakel tussen die eerste twee hoofstukke wat hoofsaaklik oor die normatiewe en teoretiese aspekte van investering gehandel het en hoofstuk 4 wat die navorsingsresultate oftewel die werklikheid verteenwoordig. Die hipotese dat gedesentraliseerde nywerhede nie met die konsessiepakket tevrede is nie, word in hoofstuk 4 met die navorsingsresultate vergelyk en daar word ook na die verskille wat tussen die Grens, Ciskei en Transkei voorgekom het, gekyk. Die beleidsimplikasies van die navorsingsresultate sowel as In samevatting van die verhandeling word in hoofstuk 5 behandel terwyl daar ook na die implikasies ten opsigte van die huidige debat in die ontwikkelingsekonomie gekyk word (Introduction, p. ix-xi)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
- Authors: O'Neill, Richard Charles
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Investments -- South Africa -- Ciskei , Investments -- South Africa -- Transkei
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:924 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001450
- Description: Die langtermynaard van 'n investering noop die voornemende investeerder om meer omsigtig te beplan as in die geval van 'n belegging wat gewoonlik oor 'n korter termyn strek. Die voornemende investeerder moet besef dat 'n investeringsbesluit nie in isolasie van eksterne faktore geneem kan word nie. Dit is daarom raadsaam dat die voornemende investeerder hom deeglik van die makro- en mikro ekonomiese milieu waarbinne die investering beoog word, sal vergewis. Ten einde die kompleksiteit van investeringsbesluitneming op te helder, word daareerstens in hoofstuk 1 op die begrip van investering gekonsentreer. Voorts word die beginsel dat die investeringsbesluit nie in isolasie geneem kan word nie, beklemtoon. In hierdie opsig word daar veral na die determinante van investering gekyk. In makro-ekonomiese verband word die gedagte sterk beklemtoon dat investering nodig is om kapitaalvorming te laat plaasvind wat op sy beurt een van die vereistes is om ontwikkeling te bevorder. As gevolg van meningsverskille ten opsigte van die invloed van investering in ontwikkelde teenoor ontwikkelende lande is daar gevolglik aandag aan enkele ekonomiese groeimodelle gegee. Gesien uit die oogpunt van die daarstelling van 'n konsessiepakket om streeksekonomiese ontwikkeling te stimuleer, is die huidige konsessiepakket met die determinante van investering vergelyk. Daardeur word die kwessie aangeraak of die konsessiepakket weI die teoretiese determinante van investering in ag geneem het. Die belangrike vraag of die nyweraars self met die konsessiepakket tevrede is, word in die empiriese studie behandel. Die langtermynaard van 'n investering sal die weldeurdagte investeerder dwing om 'n verdere determinant, naamlik die land as risikofaktor deeglik in ag te neem. Met hierdie veronderstelling word daar in hoofstuk 2 na die land waar die investering oorweeg sal word, naamlik Suid-Afrika gekyk. Daar word veral aan die ekonomiese ontwikkeling van Suid-Afrika aandag gegee. In hierdie opsig word die ongelyke verdeling van inkome wat gedurende die jare al hoe meer beklemtoon is, bespreek en word daar na owerheidspogings gekyk om die probleem op streeksvlak teen te werk. Hierdie owerheidspogings konsentreer helaas op die daarstelling van 'n streeksekonomiese beleid wat moes meehelp om die geografiese verskille in die verdeling van inkome teen te werk. Die streeksekonomiese beleid het gestalte gekry in die vorm van 'n konsessiepakket wat dan ook in hierdie hoofstuk bespreek word. Aangesien die konsessiepakket daarop ingestel was om nyweraars na gedesentraliseerde gebiede te lok, is dit 'n voorwaarde vir die sukses van streeksekonomiese beleid dat nyweraars wat gedesentraliseer het met die konsessiepakket tevrede moet wees. Die navorsingsmetodiek wat gevolg is om hierdie vraag te probeer beantwoord word in hoofstuk 3 bespreek. Daar word in hierdie hoofstuk na die onderwerp, die hipotese, die vraelys en die beantwoordingsmetode gekyk. Hierdie hoofstuk dien dus as 'n skakel tussen die eerste twee hoofstukke wat hoofsaaklik oor die normatiewe en teoretiese aspekte van investering gehandel het en hoofstuk 4 wat die navorsingsresultate oftewel die werklikheid verteenwoordig. Die hipotese dat gedesentraliseerde nywerhede nie met die konsessiepakket tevrede is nie, word in hoofstuk 4 met die navorsingsresultate vergelyk en daar word ook na die verskille wat tussen die Grens, Ciskei en Transkei voorgekom het, gekyk. Die beleidsimplikasies van die navorsingsresultate sowel as In samevatting van die verhandeling word in hoofstuk 5 behandel terwyl daar ook na die implikasies ten opsigte van die huidige debat in die ontwikkelingsekonomie gekyk word (Introduction, p. ix-xi)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987