An assessment of the sustainability of the selected NGOs' interventions on poverty alleviation: the case of Mafeteng and Leribe Districts
- Authors: Ntobo-Letsie, Hlompho
- Date: 2011-11
- Subjects: Non-governmental organizations -- Lesotho , Poverty -- Lesotho
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25777 , vital:64478
- Description: The escalating levels of poverty present a serious challenge of vulnerability to most citizens of Lesotho. The government of Lesotho and its Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) partners have been engaged in several programs aimed at alleviating poverty, whose persistence has threatened the current and future generations of the country. This study aimed at assessing the sustainability of NGO`s poverty alleviation programmes established for selected beneficiaries in rural communities. The main participants in this study were beneficiaries of poverty alleviation projects, government officials and NGO project managers. Using a combination of empowerment, sustainable livelihood approach and the sustainable development theoretical frameworks, the study adopted the qualitative research methodology to investigate the pertinent issues. The research design was a case study which helped to direct the researcher in the process of collecting and analyzing data. The study revealed that the sustainability of these projects in poverty alleviation remains questionable due to a number of challenges. These challenges include; lack of participation of the beneficiaries, inadequate funding, natural disasters, lack of commitment of the beneficiaries and lack of government support to the project beneficiaries. Nevertheless, there are commendable efforts made by the NGOs involved to enhance the sustainability of these projects and these include; training the beneficiaries in crop production, marketing, natural resources management and disaster management. In light of the challenges faced by NGOs and participants in alleviating poverty, this study advocates, The three stakeholders are expected to work harmoniously together using communication channels that are open to all of them. That enables them to work with a singleness of purpose to attain the sustainability goals of the project. There is need also for NGOs to reconsider their targeting schemes, and to advance their training, monitoring and evaluation skills of their projects. It also recommended that the beneficiaries must be empowered in order for the sustainability of the projects to be realized. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-11
- Authors: Ntobo-Letsie, Hlompho
- Date: 2011-11
- Subjects: Non-governmental organizations -- Lesotho , Poverty -- Lesotho
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25777 , vital:64478
- Description: The escalating levels of poverty present a serious challenge of vulnerability to most citizens of Lesotho. The government of Lesotho and its Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) partners have been engaged in several programs aimed at alleviating poverty, whose persistence has threatened the current and future generations of the country. This study aimed at assessing the sustainability of NGO`s poverty alleviation programmes established for selected beneficiaries in rural communities. The main participants in this study were beneficiaries of poverty alleviation projects, government officials and NGO project managers. Using a combination of empowerment, sustainable livelihood approach and the sustainable development theoretical frameworks, the study adopted the qualitative research methodology to investigate the pertinent issues. The research design was a case study which helped to direct the researcher in the process of collecting and analyzing data. The study revealed that the sustainability of these projects in poverty alleviation remains questionable due to a number of challenges. These challenges include; lack of participation of the beneficiaries, inadequate funding, natural disasters, lack of commitment of the beneficiaries and lack of government support to the project beneficiaries. Nevertheless, there are commendable efforts made by the NGOs involved to enhance the sustainability of these projects and these include; training the beneficiaries in crop production, marketing, natural resources management and disaster management. In light of the challenges faced by NGOs and participants in alleviating poverty, this study advocates, The three stakeholders are expected to work harmoniously together using communication channels that are open to all of them. That enables them to work with a singleness of purpose to attain the sustainability goals of the project. There is need also for NGOs to reconsider their targeting schemes, and to advance their training, monitoring and evaluation skills of their projects. It also recommended that the beneficiaries must be empowered in order for the sustainability of the projects to be realized. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-11
An evaluation of stress tolerant open pollinated maize varieties in selected environments of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Chimonyo, Vimbayi G P https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9912-9848
- Authors: Chimonyo, Vimbayi G P https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9912-9848
- Date: 2011-11
- Subjects: Crops -- Effect of stress on
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24487 , vital:63045
- Description: The use of farmer acceptable, stress tolerant open pollinated maize varieties (OPVs) could be a strategy to help increase maize productivity for resource-poor farmers in the Eastern Cape (EC) Province. The current study investigated the following: a) participatory selection of newly introduced stress tolerant maize OPVs; b) characteristics of maize producing farmers, their production constraints and criteria for variety selections; c) multi-environment yield trials in which genotype and environment interactions (GEI) were investigated, and d) morphological diversity of newly introduced maize varieties. Nine newly introduced maize OPVs were evaluated in this study. These varieties were: ZM 305, ZM 423 ZM 501, ZM 525, Obatanpa, ZM 621, ZM 627, which were from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), BR 993, and Comp 4 which from where the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). Check varieties, Pan 6479 (a hybrid) and three locally grown OPVs (Okavango, Afric 1 and Nelson‘s Choice) were also included. Participatory variety selection (PVS) was conducted during the 2009/10 summer season to evaluate farmer acceptance of these newly introduced OPVs. The most preferred varieties farmers were Okavango, ZM 305 and ZM 501, and these varieties were not significantly different from the highest yielding variety within each site. Therefore, varieties like ZM 305 and ZM 501 could easily be adopted by farmers, and their use could result in yield improvements. To gather information on farmer characteristics, and perceptions on maize production constraints and maize selection criteria, focus group discussions and household surveys were conducted during the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons, respectively. Results indicated that, elderly farmers dominated the farming communities. Maize production was generally low, with 98percent of the farmers obtaining less than 1.6 t/ha. The most important constraints affecting maize production were extreme weather events (floods and drought), pests and diseases, and poor access to credit. The most preferred traits that made up farmer selection criteria were ear traits such as taste, long cobs, and big kernels. Other traits, such as, prolificacy, early maturity, retainability of seed and dark leaves, were village specific. Yield trials, assessing genotype and environment interactions, were conducted in eight sites during the 2009/10 and 2010/11 seasons. The genotypes exhibited non-significant crossover and non-crossover GEI over the environments. Okavango, the most stable variety, was generally low yielding (4.28 t/ha) than other stable varieties such as ZM 305, ZM 501, ZM 621 and ZM 423. The later varieties had significantly (p<0.05) higher yields of between 4.46 t/ha and 4.97 t/ha. The highest yielding varieties, Pan 6479 (5.29 t/ha) and ZM 525 (4.87 t/ha), showed specific adaptations to high potential environments, while BR 993 (4.07 t/ha) and Afric 1 (4.24 t/ha) were low yielding, unstable and specifically adapted to low potential environments. New varieties, therefore, exhibited both specific and wide adaptation. Qualitative and quantitative traits were evaluated to establish the morphological diversity of the 13 varieties. Ear height, plant height, days to 50percent anthesis and grain yield contributed the most to variety diversity. Cluster Analysis discriminated varieties into four main clusters. The first cluster consisted of four CIMMYT varieties that were short in height and early maturing (ZM 305, ZM 423, ZM 501 and ZM 525), while hybrid Pan 6479 was placed into cluster two. Nelson‘s Choice and Okavango were grouped into the third cluster, while tall and late maturing varieties, ZM 621, ZM 627, Obatanpa, BR 993, Comp 4 and Afric 1, were placed in the fourth cluster. The segregation of the newly introduced varieties into two distinct groups shows that these varieties can be recommended into more than on cropping system and agro-ecology. Differences in village agro-ecologies resulted in farmers selecting varieties differently. This diversity in agro-ecology also brought about variations on farmer perceptions in selection criteria and production constraints. Most of the new varieties were observed to be superior in yield performance when compared to local check OPVs, exhibiting either wide or specific adaptation. The study also demonstrated that, the study of morphological diversity can be used to suggest varieties to different environmental potentials and cropping systems. Multi-evaluation trials were able to give an insight on variety preferences and performance. These new varieties should, therefore, be introduced to selected farmers living in their respective environments on the basis of results obtained. However, varieties still need to be evaluated under farmer-managed conditions to determine whether they actually bring about yield improvement when compared with current varieties being used. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-11
- Authors: Chimonyo, Vimbayi G P https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9912-9848
- Date: 2011-11
- Subjects: Crops -- Effect of stress on
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24487 , vital:63045
- Description: The use of farmer acceptable, stress tolerant open pollinated maize varieties (OPVs) could be a strategy to help increase maize productivity for resource-poor farmers in the Eastern Cape (EC) Province. The current study investigated the following: a) participatory selection of newly introduced stress tolerant maize OPVs; b) characteristics of maize producing farmers, their production constraints and criteria for variety selections; c) multi-environment yield trials in which genotype and environment interactions (GEI) were investigated, and d) morphological diversity of newly introduced maize varieties. Nine newly introduced maize OPVs were evaluated in this study. These varieties were: ZM 305, ZM 423 ZM 501, ZM 525, Obatanpa, ZM 621, ZM 627, which were from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), BR 993, and Comp 4 which from where the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). Check varieties, Pan 6479 (a hybrid) and three locally grown OPVs (Okavango, Afric 1 and Nelson‘s Choice) were also included. Participatory variety selection (PVS) was conducted during the 2009/10 summer season to evaluate farmer acceptance of these newly introduced OPVs. The most preferred varieties farmers were Okavango, ZM 305 and ZM 501, and these varieties were not significantly different from the highest yielding variety within each site. Therefore, varieties like ZM 305 and ZM 501 could easily be adopted by farmers, and their use could result in yield improvements. To gather information on farmer characteristics, and perceptions on maize production constraints and maize selection criteria, focus group discussions and household surveys were conducted during the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons, respectively. Results indicated that, elderly farmers dominated the farming communities. Maize production was generally low, with 98percent of the farmers obtaining less than 1.6 t/ha. The most important constraints affecting maize production were extreme weather events (floods and drought), pests and diseases, and poor access to credit. The most preferred traits that made up farmer selection criteria were ear traits such as taste, long cobs, and big kernels. Other traits, such as, prolificacy, early maturity, retainability of seed and dark leaves, were village specific. Yield trials, assessing genotype and environment interactions, were conducted in eight sites during the 2009/10 and 2010/11 seasons. The genotypes exhibited non-significant crossover and non-crossover GEI over the environments. Okavango, the most stable variety, was generally low yielding (4.28 t/ha) than other stable varieties such as ZM 305, ZM 501, ZM 621 and ZM 423. The later varieties had significantly (p<0.05) higher yields of between 4.46 t/ha and 4.97 t/ha. The highest yielding varieties, Pan 6479 (5.29 t/ha) and ZM 525 (4.87 t/ha), showed specific adaptations to high potential environments, while BR 993 (4.07 t/ha) and Afric 1 (4.24 t/ha) were low yielding, unstable and specifically adapted to low potential environments. New varieties, therefore, exhibited both specific and wide adaptation. Qualitative and quantitative traits were evaluated to establish the morphological diversity of the 13 varieties. Ear height, plant height, days to 50percent anthesis and grain yield contributed the most to variety diversity. Cluster Analysis discriminated varieties into four main clusters. The first cluster consisted of four CIMMYT varieties that were short in height and early maturing (ZM 305, ZM 423, ZM 501 and ZM 525), while hybrid Pan 6479 was placed into cluster two. Nelson‘s Choice and Okavango were grouped into the third cluster, while tall and late maturing varieties, ZM 621, ZM 627, Obatanpa, BR 993, Comp 4 and Afric 1, were placed in the fourth cluster. The segregation of the newly introduced varieties into two distinct groups shows that these varieties can be recommended into more than on cropping system and agro-ecology. Differences in village agro-ecologies resulted in farmers selecting varieties differently. This diversity in agro-ecology also brought about variations on farmer perceptions in selection criteria and production constraints. Most of the new varieties were observed to be superior in yield performance when compared to local check OPVs, exhibiting either wide or specific adaptation. The study also demonstrated that, the study of morphological diversity can be used to suggest varieties to different environmental potentials and cropping systems. Multi-evaluation trials were able to give an insight on variety preferences and performance. These new varieties should, therefore, be introduced to selected farmers living in their respective environments on the basis of results obtained. However, varieties still need to be evaluated under farmer-managed conditions to determine whether they actually bring about yield improvement when compared with current varieties being used. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-11
Negotiating identity in an online virtual environment
- Authors: Dube, Nompumelelo
- Date: 2011-11
- Subjects: Online Identities , Internet , Personal Information Managenment
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23883 , vital:61284
- Description: This study investigates ways in which people in an online anonymous virtual environment use language to negotiate and manage their identities. The study is informed by the tenets of social constructionism, a theory that explores the problematic manner in which the self is taken for granted as unchanging (Burr, 1998). One point made by alternative theorists other than social constructionist theorists is the notion of the “essential self”; one tenet of social constructionist theory suggests that the “essential self” of a person remains fluid. The implication is that one ultimately changes as each day passes, for example at the core of one’s personality is an “essential self” that changes with experiences, conflicts and/or age (Tuffin, 2005). From a social constructionist perspective, the self is more fractured and contingent on life’s circumstances. This theory was found to be an appropriate paradigm from which to study anonymous online identities, where individuals were found to create and negotiate certain identities outside of those identities that people often find important to portray to outsiders in the general public. Sixty-seven (67) students from different races participated in this study and online discussions from a course discussion forum, “blackboard”, were monitored. This study found that one’s identity is negotiated in an anonymous virtual environment. Data was collected from these discussions and was analysed using Potter and Wetherell’s (1987) method of discourse analysis. Research findings ultimately found that people use discursive strategies in negotiating and maintaining their identity online, but that distinct racial characteristics were noticeable despite some attempts to mask one’s background. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-11
- Authors: Dube, Nompumelelo
- Date: 2011-11
- Subjects: Online Identities , Internet , Personal Information Managenment
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23883 , vital:61284
- Description: This study investigates ways in which people in an online anonymous virtual environment use language to negotiate and manage their identities. The study is informed by the tenets of social constructionism, a theory that explores the problematic manner in which the self is taken for granted as unchanging (Burr, 1998). One point made by alternative theorists other than social constructionist theorists is the notion of the “essential self”; one tenet of social constructionist theory suggests that the “essential self” of a person remains fluid. The implication is that one ultimately changes as each day passes, for example at the core of one’s personality is an “essential self” that changes with experiences, conflicts and/or age (Tuffin, 2005). From a social constructionist perspective, the self is more fractured and contingent on life’s circumstances. This theory was found to be an appropriate paradigm from which to study anonymous online identities, where individuals were found to create and negotiate certain identities outside of those identities that people often find important to portray to outsiders in the general public. Sixty-seven (67) students from different races participated in this study and online discussions from a course discussion forum, “blackboard”, were monitored. This study found that one’s identity is negotiated in an anonymous virtual environment. Data was collected from these discussions and was analysed using Potter and Wetherell’s (1987) method of discourse analysis. Research findings ultimately found that people use discursive strategies in negotiating and maintaining their identity online, but that distinct racial characteristics were noticeable despite some attempts to mask one’s background. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-11
Perceptions of homosexual Xhosa men of ulwaluko (traditional circumcision)
- Ntozini, Anathi (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-7383)
- Authors: Ntozini, Anathi (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-7383)
- Date: 2011-11
- Subjects: Homosexuality , Initiation Rites , Social Life and Customs
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23894 , vital:61292
- Description: The study investigated perceptions of homosexual Xhosa traditionally circumcised men with regards to ulwaluko (Xhosa initiation into manhood). The study employed snowball sampling as a method of data collection. As a result of the assumption that ulwaluko is a terrain of masculinity, initiates were expected to exemplify traditional notions of masculinity. The study found that reasons for going to initiation school differed. Respondents wanted to validate their manhood while some felt forced to undergo the ritual. Dominant family values also played a role in respondent’s decision to undergo initiation. Respondents reported that community members and family members had hoped that ulwaluko would reform or convert those who were homosexual. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-11
- Authors: Ntozini, Anathi (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-7383)
- Date: 2011-11
- Subjects: Homosexuality , Initiation Rites , Social Life and Customs
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23894 , vital:61292
- Description: The study investigated perceptions of homosexual Xhosa traditionally circumcised men with regards to ulwaluko (Xhosa initiation into manhood). The study employed snowball sampling as a method of data collection. As a result of the assumption that ulwaluko is a terrain of masculinity, initiates were expected to exemplify traditional notions of masculinity. The study found that reasons for going to initiation school differed. Respondents wanted to validate their manhood while some felt forced to undergo the ritual. Dominant family values also played a role in respondent’s decision to undergo initiation. Respondents reported that community members and family members had hoped that ulwaluko would reform or convert those who were homosexual. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-11
An assessment of the sustainability of the selected NGOs interventions on poverty alleviation: the case of Mafeteng and Leribe Districts
- Ntobo-Letsie, Hlompho Cynthia
- Authors: Ntobo-Letsie, Hlompho Cynthia
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Non-governmental organizations--Lesotho , Lesotho--Economic conditions , Maps
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24543 , vital:63091
- Description: The escalating levels of poverty present a serious challenge of vulnerability to most citizens of Lesotho. The government of Lesotho and its Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) partners have been engaged in several programs aimed at alleviating poverty, whose persistence has threatened the current and future generations of the country. This study aimed at assessing the sustainability of NGO`s poverty alleviation programmes established for selected beneficiaries in rural communities. The main participants in this study were beneficiaries of poverty alleviation projects, government officials and NGO project managers. Using a combination of empowerment, sustainable livelihood approach and the sustainable development theoretical frameworks, the study adopted the qualitative research methodology to investigate the pertinent issues. The research design was a case study which helped to direct the researcher in the process of collecting and analyzing data. The study revealed that the sustainability of these projects in poverty alleviation remains questionable due to a number of challenges. These challenges include; lack of participation of the beneficiaries, inadequate funding, natural disasters, lack of commitment of the beneficiaries and lack of government support to the project beneficiaries. Nevertheless, there are commendable efforts made by the NGOs involved to enhance the sustainability of these projects and these include; training the beneficiaries in crop production, marketing, natural resources management and disaster management. In light of the challenges faced by NGOs and participants in alleviating poverty, this study advocates, The three stakeholders are expected to work harmoniously together using communication channels that are open to all of them. That enables them to work with a singleness of purpose to attain the sustainability goals of the project. There is need also for NGOs to reconsider their targeting schemes, and to advance their training, monitoring and evaluation skills of their projects. It also recommended that the beneficiaries must be empowered in order for the sustainability of the projects to be realized. , Thesis (MSoc (Dev)) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
- Authors: Ntobo-Letsie, Hlompho Cynthia
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Non-governmental organizations--Lesotho , Lesotho--Economic conditions , Maps
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24543 , vital:63091
- Description: The escalating levels of poverty present a serious challenge of vulnerability to most citizens of Lesotho. The government of Lesotho and its Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) partners have been engaged in several programs aimed at alleviating poverty, whose persistence has threatened the current and future generations of the country. This study aimed at assessing the sustainability of NGO`s poverty alleviation programmes established for selected beneficiaries in rural communities. The main participants in this study were beneficiaries of poverty alleviation projects, government officials and NGO project managers. Using a combination of empowerment, sustainable livelihood approach and the sustainable development theoretical frameworks, the study adopted the qualitative research methodology to investigate the pertinent issues. The research design was a case study which helped to direct the researcher in the process of collecting and analyzing data. The study revealed that the sustainability of these projects in poverty alleviation remains questionable due to a number of challenges. These challenges include; lack of participation of the beneficiaries, inadequate funding, natural disasters, lack of commitment of the beneficiaries and lack of government support to the project beneficiaries. Nevertheless, there are commendable efforts made by the NGOs involved to enhance the sustainability of these projects and these include; training the beneficiaries in crop production, marketing, natural resources management and disaster management. In light of the challenges faced by NGOs and participants in alleviating poverty, this study advocates, The three stakeholders are expected to work harmoniously together using communication channels that are open to all of them. That enables them to work with a singleness of purpose to attain the sustainability goals of the project. There is need also for NGOs to reconsider their targeting schemes, and to advance their training, monitoring and evaluation skills of their projects. It also recommended that the beneficiaries must be empowered in order for the sustainability of the projects to be realized. , Thesis (MSoc (Dev)) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
An examination of the constitutional congruity of the current media legislation in Zimbabwe to global trends
- Authors: Chabinjwa, Trevor
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Mass Media , Zimbabwe , Freedom of speech
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24161 , vital:62438
- Description: The focus of this dissertation was on the nature and operation of laws and regulations that were and are still being used to limit the freedom of the media in Zimbabwe. Through a legal and political analysis of the evolution and use of these laws and regulations by successive governments in Zimbabwe, the study provides an important perspective on the struggle for media freedom in Zimbabwe. The main focus of this study was to examine the impact of media laws in Zimbabwe on the freedom of expression of its citizens. Some of the key media laws under the spotlight include; Access to Information and Protection of Privacy Act (AIPPA), the Public Order and Security Act (POSA) and the Broadcasting Services Act (BSA). The underpinning theoretical framework was informed by the Authoritarian, Libertarian and the Social Responsibility schools of thought. Questionnaires and in-depth interviews with selected key informants were the chief methods for data collection. Secondary data such as court cases, newspapers and some documents from organisations such as the UN, African Charter and Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) Protocol on Culture, Information and Sport were also consulted. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic content analysis while tables, graphs and charts which were interpreted and linked with processed qualitative data to come up with emerging trends and resolutions. The research revealed that the government is aware of the shortcomings in the regulations and laws relating to the media, but is not willing to make genuine and comprehensive reforms. These laws impact negatively on freedom of expression on citizens especially journalists and their media houses. It is evident from the findings that media houses in Zimbabwe are vulnerable. These laws have forced some media houses such as Daily news, Tribune and Capital radio to close. Some of these institutions have since opened after the formation of the Government of National Unity (GNU). But little has changed even after the formation of the GNU. Some of the journalists left Zimbabwe for fear of prosecution. This goes on to confirm that the current media legislations in Zimbabwe are not congruent with global norms such as the SADC Protocol on Culture, Information and Sport, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 19, the African Charter Article 9, and African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) which advocates for freedom of the media and expression. The study concluded that there is no freedom of expression in media legislation as has been witnessed from the findings of the study. The study then recommended crafting of new laws which promote freedom of expression of the citizens of Zimbabwe. , Thesis (MA) -- Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
- Authors: Chabinjwa, Trevor
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Mass Media , Zimbabwe , Freedom of speech
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24161 , vital:62438
- Description: The focus of this dissertation was on the nature and operation of laws and regulations that were and are still being used to limit the freedom of the media in Zimbabwe. Through a legal and political analysis of the evolution and use of these laws and regulations by successive governments in Zimbabwe, the study provides an important perspective on the struggle for media freedom in Zimbabwe. The main focus of this study was to examine the impact of media laws in Zimbabwe on the freedom of expression of its citizens. Some of the key media laws under the spotlight include; Access to Information and Protection of Privacy Act (AIPPA), the Public Order and Security Act (POSA) and the Broadcasting Services Act (BSA). The underpinning theoretical framework was informed by the Authoritarian, Libertarian and the Social Responsibility schools of thought. Questionnaires and in-depth interviews with selected key informants were the chief methods for data collection. Secondary data such as court cases, newspapers and some documents from organisations such as the UN, African Charter and Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) Protocol on Culture, Information and Sport were also consulted. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic content analysis while tables, graphs and charts which were interpreted and linked with processed qualitative data to come up with emerging trends and resolutions. The research revealed that the government is aware of the shortcomings in the regulations and laws relating to the media, but is not willing to make genuine and comprehensive reforms. These laws impact negatively on freedom of expression on citizens especially journalists and their media houses. It is evident from the findings that media houses in Zimbabwe are vulnerable. These laws have forced some media houses such as Daily news, Tribune and Capital radio to close. Some of these institutions have since opened after the formation of the Government of National Unity (GNU). But little has changed even after the formation of the GNU. Some of the journalists left Zimbabwe for fear of prosecution. This goes on to confirm that the current media legislations in Zimbabwe are not congruent with global norms such as the SADC Protocol on Culture, Information and Sport, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 19, the African Charter Article 9, and African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) which advocates for freedom of the media and expression. The study concluded that there is no freedom of expression in media legislation as has been witnessed from the findings of the study. The study then recommended crafting of new laws which promote freedom of expression of the citizens of Zimbabwe. , Thesis (MA) -- Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
Delays in seeking treatment for sick children in rural Malawi: A study of the utilisation of village clinics
- Bonongwe, Enock (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2819-130X)
- Authors: Bonongwe, Enock (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2819-130X)
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Community Health Services , Rural Health , Health Planning
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23326 , vital:57314
- Description: The world’s highest mortality figures are found in developing countries among under-five children (Black et al., 2003:2227). Efforts in reducing childhood mortality are stifled if treatment is delayed (sought after 24 hours). The aim of this study was to find out the factors that contribute to delays in seeking treatment for sick children in a community where health services are free and accessible. From data collected using a questionnaire through face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), the study found out the factors that contribute to delayed care. It collected data from 150 mothers who sought treatment at village clinics within 14 days prior to the survey date. Qualitative data were collected in five FGDs with old women, young women, men, youth and community leaders. The study found that out of 150 mothers, 54 percent delayed seeking treatment for sick children. Mothers who had given sick children home treatment and those who sought treatment from other providers for the same illness brought to the village clinic were more likely to delay care. FGDs revealed that most factors contributing to delayed care were to do with the health system, although beliefs and perceptions played a part. In summary, delays in seeking treatment for sick children are a product of an interplay of many factors. Overall, it was found that caregivers’ interpretation of the child’s illness influenced timeliness of care and the choice of health care provider. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
- Authors: Bonongwe, Enock (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2819-130X)
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Community Health Services , Rural Health , Health Planning
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23326 , vital:57314
- Description: The world’s highest mortality figures are found in developing countries among under-five children (Black et al., 2003:2227). Efforts in reducing childhood mortality are stifled if treatment is delayed (sought after 24 hours). The aim of this study was to find out the factors that contribute to delays in seeking treatment for sick children in a community where health services are free and accessible. From data collected using a questionnaire through face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), the study found out the factors that contribute to delayed care. It collected data from 150 mothers who sought treatment at village clinics within 14 days prior to the survey date. Qualitative data were collected in five FGDs with old women, young women, men, youth and community leaders. The study found that out of 150 mothers, 54 percent delayed seeking treatment for sick children. Mothers who had given sick children home treatment and those who sought treatment from other providers for the same illness brought to the village clinic were more likely to delay care. FGDs revealed that most factors contributing to delayed care were to do with the health system, although beliefs and perceptions played a part. In summary, delays in seeking treatment for sick children are a product of an interplay of many factors. Overall, it was found that caregivers’ interpretation of the child’s illness influenced timeliness of care and the choice of health care provider. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
Experiences of community psychiatric nurses and guardians of discharged psychiatric patients on the effectiveness of community mental health services of the Zomba district in Malawi
- Authors: Kachingwe, Bertha Maggie
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Psychiatric nursing , Community mental health services
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24183 , vital:62440
- Description: Sturdy: Experiences of community psychiatric nurses and guardians of discharged psychiatric patients on the effectiveness of community mental health services of the Zomba District in Malawi. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of community psychiatric nurses and guardians of discharged psychiatric patients with regard to failure of Community Mental Health Services of the Zomba District, and make recommendations to improve community mental health services. Although such services exist, their effectiveness is unknown, either from the nurses’ point of view or from the consumers’ point of view. Method: A qualitative approach with phenomenological research design was used to answer the research question on the effectiveness of the services. This method was chosen because the researcher was committed to explore the lived in-depth experiences of the study participants. A purposive sampling method was used to select participants for the study, who were selected based on their knowledge of the phenomena. Data collection Instruments used were unstructured interviews, using face- to- face interaction. One broad, open-ended question was used to gather information from the participants. Data analysis was done using Atlas.ti software to help the researcher uncover complex phenomena hidden in the text. Findings: Participants from both groups overwhelmingly reported that community mental health services were not effective. Four categories and eleven themes of barriers impacting on ineffective services emerged from the nurses. For example; Inadequate service provision related to unavailability of resources (human, time and materials). Themes hindering effective services emerged from the guardians for example; Services not accessible related to inconsistent appointment dates, shortage of medications and poor economic status of participants. , Thesis (MCur) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
- Authors: Kachingwe, Bertha Maggie
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Psychiatric nursing , Community mental health services
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24183 , vital:62440
- Description: Sturdy: Experiences of community psychiatric nurses and guardians of discharged psychiatric patients on the effectiveness of community mental health services of the Zomba District in Malawi. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of community psychiatric nurses and guardians of discharged psychiatric patients with regard to failure of Community Mental Health Services of the Zomba District, and make recommendations to improve community mental health services. Although such services exist, their effectiveness is unknown, either from the nurses’ point of view or from the consumers’ point of view. Method: A qualitative approach with phenomenological research design was used to answer the research question on the effectiveness of the services. This method was chosen because the researcher was committed to explore the lived in-depth experiences of the study participants. A purposive sampling method was used to select participants for the study, who were selected based on their knowledge of the phenomena. Data collection Instruments used were unstructured interviews, using face- to- face interaction. One broad, open-ended question was used to gather information from the participants. Data analysis was done using Atlas.ti software to help the researcher uncover complex phenomena hidden in the text. Findings: Participants from both groups overwhelmingly reported that community mental health services were not effective. Four categories and eleven themes of barriers impacting on ineffective services emerged from the nurses. For example; Inadequate service provision related to unavailability of resources (human, time and materials). Themes hindering effective services emerged from the guardians for example; Services not accessible related to inconsistent appointment dates, shortage of medications and poor economic status of participants. , Thesis (MCur) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
Exploring the role of rural entrepreneurship on welfare in South Africa: a case of Nkonkobe Municipal area in the Eastern Cape Province
- Ngorora, Grace Portia Kuda https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4756-3137
- Authors: Ngorora, Grace Portia Kuda https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4756-3137
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Rural development projects , Public welfare --South Africa , Entrepreneurship
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26357 , vital:65248
- Description: The study set out to explore the role of rural entrepreneurship on welfare in Nkonkobe Municipal Area of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The objectives of the study were to identify the role rural entrepreneurship plays on welfare and determine the factors that promote or hinder rural entrepreneurship. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to establish the perceptions of rural entrepreneurs. Findings from the study suggest that rural entrepreneurship contributes immensely to the welfare of individuals, family and community in Nkonkobe Municipal Area of the Eastern Cape Province. Rural entrepreneurship is the most important activity for entrepreneurs for it enables individuals to access quality health facilities and experience an improved quality of life. The study also found that families have more income which they use to acquire assets. They are able to send children to good schools using earnings from their business activities. Entrepreneurs can also contribute to the welfare of their relatives as result of being entrepreneurial. The results imply that rural entrepreneurship improves the quality of livelihood for rural dwellers. There was a significant correlation between the role rural entrepreneurship plays in generating more income and the rural dwellers ability to send their children to good schools. Findings from this study also showed that rural entrepreneurship improves the quality of livelihood in rural areas through the creation of wealth and employment. For most respondents 83 percent entrepreneurship alone provides them with income. Social capital in the form of special relationships, access to critical information, unique local knowledge and previous experience was ranked the most important factor when starting businesses. Irregular payments from customers were considered the factor affecting entrepreneurs most in Nkonkobe Municipality. Lack of finance was ranked the factor hindering rural entrepreneurship most in Nkonkobe Municipality. Training and educational programs, capacitating as well as support from government were found to be very important for entrepreneurship to grow in Nkonkobe Municipality. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
- Authors: Ngorora, Grace Portia Kuda https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4756-3137
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Rural development projects , Public welfare --South Africa , Entrepreneurship
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26357 , vital:65248
- Description: The study set out to explore the role of rural entrepreneurship on welfare in Nkonkobe Municipal Area of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The objectives of the study were to identify the role rural entrepreneurship plays on welfare and determine the factors that promote or hinder rural entrepreneurship. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to establish the perceptions of rural entrepreneurs. Findings from the study suggest that rural entrepreneurship contributes immensely to the welfare of individuals, family and community in Nkonkobe Municipal Area of the Eastern Cape Province. Rural entrepreneurship is the most important activity for entrepreneurs for it enables individuals to access quality health facilities and experience an improved quality of life. The study also found that families have more income which they use to acquire assets. They are able to send children to good schools using earnings from their business activities. Entrepreneurs can also contribute to the welfare of their relatives as result of being entrepreneurial. The results imply that rural entrepreneurship improves the quality of livelihood for rural dwellers. There was a significant correlation between the role rural entrepreneurship plays in generating more income and the rural dwellers ability to send their children to good schools. Findings from this study also showed that rural entrepreneurship improves the quality of livelihood in rural areas through the creation of wealth and employment. For most respondents 83 percent entrepreneurship alone provides them with income. Social capital in the form of special relationships, access to critical information, unique local knowledge and previous experience was ranked the most important factor when starting businesses. Irregular payments from customers were considered the factor affecting entrepreneurs most in Nkonkobe Municipality. Lack of finance was ranked the factor hindering rural entrepreneurship most in Nkonkobe Municipality. Training and educational programs, capacitating as well as support from government were found to be very important for entrepreneurship to grow in Nkonkobe Municipality. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
Knowledge and attitudes of professional nurses towards HIV and AIDS patients at the Libode District Health Services in the Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Gedu, Grace Nontuthuzelo
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Rural health services , AIDS (Disease)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24610 , vital:63213
- Description: This study was conducted at the Libode District Health Services amongst professional nurses who render services to HIV and AIDS patients. Generally, caring for HIV positive patients, nurses need to be knowledgeable about the transmission of the HIV virus, in order to render quality care to the patients. They also need to be sensitive and to demonstrate positive attitudes towards the patients. It was unknown whether the professional nurses at the Libode District Health Services are knowledgeable or not regarding HIV and AIDS. Their attitudes towards the HIV positive patients, were also unknown. Not knowing the knowledge and attitude of professional nurses regarding HIV and AIDS has the potential to compromise the quality of nursing care rendered to the patients. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the level of knowledge of professional nurses regarding HIV and AIDS well as their attitudes towards the HIV-positive patients so as to make recommendations for quality patient care based on the results. A quantitative explorative descriptive research design was used to examine the level of knowledge about HIV and AIDS as well as the attitudes of professional nurses to HIV and AIDS patients. The target populations were the 218 professional nurses working at the Libode District Health services who had nursed HIV positive patients. A simple random sampling method was used to select a sample of 120 participants. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data. The questionnaire consisted of a section on the demographic profile of the participants, and two other sections for responses on knowledge and attitudes. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 software for consistency of the twenty (20) items in the questionnaire. Findings showed that nurses of Libode District Health Services had an approximately fair amount of knowledge. The majority (79percent) of participants scored above the cut-off point of 24. Twenty one percent (21percent) scored below 24. On attitude, the majority (76percent) had scored below the cut-off point of 36. Recommendations were that professional nurses of Libode District Health Services, need to be exposed to ongoing training on HIV and AIDS to increase their knowledge about HIV and AIDS and to ensure that they demonstrate positive attitudes towards HIV and AIDS patients. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
- Authors: Gedu, Grace Nontuthuzelo
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Rural health services , AIDS (Disease)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24610 , vital:63213
- Description: This study was conducted at the Libode District Health Services amongst professional nurses who render services to HIV and AIDS patients. Generally, caring for HIV positive patients, nurses need to be knowledgeable about the transmission of the HIV virus, in order to render quality care to the patients. They also need to be sensitive and to demonstrate positive attitudes towards the patients. It was unknown whether the professional nurses at the Libode District Health Services are knowledgeable or not regarding HIV and AIDS. Their attitudes towards the HIV positive patients, were also unknown. Not knowing the knowledge and attitude of professional nurses regarding HIV and AIDS has the potential to compromise the quality of nursing care rendered to the patients. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the level of knowledge of professional nurses regarding HIV and AIDS well as their attitudes towards the HIV-positive patients so as to make recommendations for quality patient care based on the results. A quantitative explorative descriptive research design was used to examine the level of knowledge about HIV and AIDS as well as the attitudes of professional nurses to HIV and AIDS patients. The target populations were the 218 professional nurses working at the Libode District Health services who had nursed HIV positive patients. A simple random sampling method was used to select a sample of 120 participants. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data. The questionnaire consisted of a section on the demographic profile of the participants, and two other sections for responses on knowledge and attitudes. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 software for consistency of the twenty (20) items in the questionnaire. Findings showed that nurses of Libode District Health Services had an approximately fair amount of knowledge. The majority (79percent) of participants scored above the cut-off point of 24. Twenty one percent (21percent) scored below 24. On attitude, the majority (76percent) had scored below the cut-off point of 36. Recommendations were that professional nurses of Libode District Health Services, need to be exposed to ongoing training on HIV and AIDS to increase their knowledge about HIV and AIDS and to ensure that they demonstrate positive attitudes towards HIV and AIDS patients. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
The design of a Hydrotherapy center on the Swartkops River
- Authors: Heuer, Morgan
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Health resorts --South Africa -- Port Elizabeth --Designs and plans , Recreational therapy – South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58728 , vital:60032
- Description: This treatise deals with the design of a Hydrotherapy Center, as well as it’s direct link to nature. Contemporary lifestyles in a technologically-advanced world have caused increased amounts of stress, anxiety, and chronic illness. The goal is to design a place of healing by reinforcing and establishing the connection between man and nature. Wellness is multidimensional; it deals with both mental and physical health. The design concept is a building that is one with nature, that leaves a small footprint on the natural landscape and that gives back more than it takes. The focus point is to work with the concept of healing in four different spheres: Psychological, Physiological, Sociological, and Environmental. By understanding the physical properties and applications of water to treat both mental and physical healthcare issues, an innovative center of natural healing can be established. The conventional healthcare facilities are mostly hostile, clinical, and institutional-like environments that do not contribute to a healthy state of mind. The mind is uneasy in distracting environments, and one is unable to focus solely on restoration. By bringing people to a natural environment and to the water source, their minds are at ease and they can focus on healing process, allowing them to reach a higher potential of functioning naturally. , Thesis (MArch) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Architecture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
- Authors: Heuer, Morgan
- Date: 2011-12
- Subjects: Health resorts --South Africa -- Port Elizabeth --Designs and plans , Recreational therapy – South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58728 , vital:60032
- Description: This treatise deals with the design of a Hydrotherapy Center, as well as it’s direct link to nature. Contemporary lifestyles in a technologically-advanced world have caused increased amounts of stress, anxiety, and chronic illness. The goal is to design a place of healing by reinforcing and establishing the connection between man and nature. Wellness is multidimensional; it deals with both mental and physical health. The design concept is a building that is one with nature, that leaves a small footprint on the natural landscape and that gives back more than it takes. The focus point is to work with the concept of healing in four different spheres: Psychological, Physiological, Sociological, and Environmental. By understanding the physical properties and applications of water to treat both mental and physical healthcare issues, an innovative center of natural healing can be established. The conventional healthcare facilities are mostly hostile, clinical, and institutional-like environments that do not contribute to a healthy state of mind. The mind is uneasy in distracting environments, and one is unable to focus solely on restoration. By bringing people to a natural environment and to the water source, their minds are at ease and they can focus on healing process, allowing them to reach a higher potential of functioning naturally. , Thesis (MArch) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Architecture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-12
Critical analysis of anti-corruption strategies, policies, plans and practices- in the selected municipalities in the case of the Eastern Cape, Joe Gqabi District (2008-2011)
- Authors: Nonjola, Mcebisi Patrick
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Municipal services -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25959 , vital:64637
- Description: Corruption is a virus that has infected all sectors of society not only in South Africa but also in the whole world. The various spheres of government are seemingly not immune against this scourge and its paralysing effect on service delivery. There is no universally acceptable definition of corruption. Its causes are diverse, ranging from administrative to socio-economic, and it manifests itself in various ways. The plethora of anti-corruption legislation and agencies has only served to minimise but not to eradicate corruption from the face of the public institutions. In order to scale up its fight against corruption, the Department of Public Service and Administration developed a strategy aimed at preventing, detecting and investigating corruption in government departments. Subsequently, the Department of Local Government and Traditional Affairs, now called Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs, developed a similar strategy for the municipalities. The strategy requires inter alia municipalities to develop minimum anti-corruption capacity which entail developing strategies, systems, policies, procedures and plans to prevent, detect and investigate fraud and corruption. The study sought to establish, in selected municipalities in Joe Gqabi District municipality, whether or not they have established the minimum capacity envisaged in the National anti-corruption strategy. The study found municipalities to have progressed at different stages of establishing and ensuring functioning of those systems, policies and plans but none of them had developed anti-corruption strategy. Consequently, the study recommends inter alia that the establishment of minimum anti-corruption capacity be made one of the national key performance indicators which must be incorporated in the performance agreements of the Senior management of municipalities. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012-01
- Authors: Nonjola, Mcebisi Patrick
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Municipal services -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25959 , vital:64637
- Description: Corruption is a virus that has infected all sectors of society not only in South Africa but also in the whole world. The various spheres of government are seemingly not immune against this scourge and its paralysing effect on service delivery. There is no universally acceptable definition of corruption. Its causes are diverse, ranging from administrative to socio-economic, and it manifests itself in various ways. The plethora of anti-corruption legislation and agencies has only served to minimise but not to eradicate corruption from the face of the public institutions. In order to scale up its fight against corruption, the Department of Public Service and Administration developed a strategy aimed at preventing, detecting and investigating corruption in government departments. Subsequently, the Department of Local Government and Traditional Affairs, now called Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs, developed a similar strategy for the municipalities. The strategy requires inter alia municipalities to develop minimum anti-corruption capacity which entail developing strategies, systems, policies, procedures and plans to prevent, detect and investigate fraud and corruption. The study sought to establish, in selected municipalities in Joe Gqabi District municipality, whether or not they have established the minimum capacity envisaged in the National anti-corruption strategy. The study found municipalities to have progressed at different stages of establishing and ensuring functioning of those systems, policies and plans but none of them had developed anti-corruption strategy. Consequently, the study recommends inter alia that the establishment of minimum anti-corruption capacity be made one of the national key performance indicators which must be incorporated in the performance agreements of the Senior management of municipalities. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012-01
Exploring the practices of school management teams (SMT's) in the promotion of quality teaching and learning: A case study of three rural primary schools in King Williams Town District
- Authors: Blie-Musoke, Nondumiso
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: School management teams , Effective teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24671 , vital:63434
- Description: This study sought to investigate the practices that the School Management Teams (SMTs) utilize in promoting and monitoring quality teaching and learning in the rural primary schools. The researcher thought it important due to the fact that such actions form part of their central activities. It also aims to explore the kind of difficulties that may be experienced by these formations in rural settings while supporting quality teaching and learning. The main delineations and limitations of this work was that SMTs are supposed to be operational across the spectrum of schools from the first grade to the last one in the high schools. However, due to time constraints and lack of resources, this study was only carried out in three rural primary schools of the king William’s Town district. SMTs are ideally made up of the Principal, Deputy-Principal and HODs (school heads of Department) of these sampled schools who were interviewed. However, in some of the schools under study, the positions of HOD and deputy-principals had already been abolished. The researcher was informed that this was because they had low numbers of learners. In such instances, Senior Teachers were substituted since they are incorporated in the SMTs of those schools. These educators were purposively selected from the foundation, intermediate and senior phases in each primary school. With the research exploring the practices of the SMTs of three rural primary schools, a case study research design was utilized. The research instruments utilized by the researcher to collect data in this case study were Interviews and Document Analysis. The data collected was put into categories and interpreted into common themes. Sources included responses of the participants, school documents, field notes and other relevant documentation such as minutes of the minutes of the SMTs. Constructs, themes and patterns that speak to the strategies used by SMTs in promoting teaching and learning in schools were explored. Briefly, the main findings indicated that the SMTs of the sampled rural primary schools do understand the Departmental policies, but need to be innovative and create space for the practices that they could employ to promote quality teaching and learning. They seem to be working under difficult circumstances. They are grossly over-loaded as full-time administrators and teachers with many learning areas, as well as being responsible for the school nutrition programme. The vacant posts created by retired caretakers added to the overload. There was a concern about the difficulty they were experiencing in the teaching and learning of Mathematics which is nationally regarded as a scarce skill. As an overview of the researcher’s conclusions, it is noted that the SMTs do support the educators to a certain extent. However, there was no documentation that showed how resolutions were made and implemented to validate the nature of support that they give to them. There seemed to be a lack of meaningful parental involvement in the sampled rural primary schools, possibly due to poverty, lack of education and alcohol abuse in the community. Lastly, it seemed to the researcher that there could be uncertainty and uneasiness about the functionality of the senior teachers. Their job descriptions as members of the SMTs remain vaguely defined. In response to the problem statement posed in this study, six major recommendations were made as follows: • Schools, irrespective of their size, ought to have clerks who are able to deal specifically with office administration and external communications. • The teacher-learner ratio as a means of determining the number of educators a school ought to have, should be reviewed as a matter of urgency, if the vital goal of quality teaching and learning is to be realized. • A clear official mandate concerning the job description of senior teachers ought to be established and their positions advertised in that category. This will ensure their equitable distribution as some schools are having them in excess, while others have none. • The department of Education should work with sister departments in government such as Social Development to enforce the law regarding parental negligence. A data basis of negligence parents should be compiled by the concerned departments and reviewed from time to time. Teachers should attend workshops on various policies that govern their roles in the delivery of quality teaching and learning. They need not be conversant with the subject matter only, but also with the relevant policies as a vehicle that facilitates service delivery in education. The introduction of Mathematics support educators who specialized in the learning area should be introduced in each phase of schooling. Such incumbents would rotate from school to school within a circuit, with special reference to rural schools where they would tackle problematic topics as reported by the educators. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012-01
- Authors: Blie-Musoke, Nondumiso
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: School management teams , Effective teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24671 , vital:63434
- Description: This study sought to investigate the practices that the School Management Teams (SMTs) utilize in promoting and monitoring quality teaching and learning in the rural primary schools. The researcher thought it important due to the fact that such actions form part of their central activities. It also aims to explore the kind of difficulties that may be experienced by these formations in rural settings while supporting quality teaching and learning. The main delineations and limitations of this work was that SMTs are supposed to be operational across the spectrum of schools from the first grade to the last one in the high schools. However, due to time constraints and lack of resources, this study was only carried out in three rural primary schools of the king William’s Town district. SMTs are ideally made up of the Principal, Deputy-Principal and HODs (school heads of Department) of these sampled schools who were interviewed. However, in some of the schools under study, the positions of HOD and deputy-principals had already been abolished. The researcher was informed that this was because they had low numbers of learners. In such instances, Senior Teachers were substituted since they are incorporated in the SMTs of those schools. These educators were purposively selected from the foundation, intermediate and senior phases in each primary school. With the research exploring the practices of the SMTs of three rural primary schools, a case study research design was utilized. The research instruments utilized by the researcher to collect data in this case study were Interviews and Document Analysis. The data collected was put into categories and interpreted into common themes. Sources included responses of the participants, school documents, field notes and other relevant documentation such as minutes of the minutes of the SMTs. Constructs, themes and patterns that speak to the strategies used by SMTs in promoting teaching and learning in schools were explored. Briefly, the main findings indicated that the SMTs of the sampled rural primary schools do understand the Departmental policies, but need to be innovative and create space for the practices that they could employ to promote quality teaching and learning. They seem to be working under difficult circumstances. They are grossly over-loaded as full-time administrators and teachers with many learning areas, as well as being responsible for the school nutrition programme. The vacant posts created by retired caretakers added to the overload. There was a concern about the difficulty they were experiencing in the teaching and learning of Mathematics which is nationally regarded as a scarce skill. As an overview of the researcher’s conclusions, it is noted that the SMTs do support the educators to a certain extent. However, there was no documentation that showed how resolutions were made and implemented to validate the nature of support that they give to them. There seemed to be a lack of meaningful parental involvement in the sampled rural primary schools, possibly due to poverty, lack of education and alcohol abuse in the community. Lastly, it seemed to the researcher that there could be uncertainty and uneasiness about the functionality of the senior teachers. Their job descriptions as members of the SMTs remain vaguely defined. In response to the problem statement posed in this study, six major recommendations were made as follows: • Schools, irrespective of their size, ought to have clerks who are able to deal specifically with office administration and external communications. • The teacher-learner ratio as a means of determining the number of educators a school ought to have, should be reviewed as a matter of urgency, if the vital goal of quality teaching and learning is to be realized. • A clear official mandate concerning the job description of senior teachers ought to be established and their positions advertised in that category. This will ensure their equitable distribution as some schools are having them in excess, while others have none. • The department of Education should work with sister departments in government such as Social Development to enforce the law regarding parental negligence. A data basis of negligence parents should be compiled by the concerned departments and reviewed from time to time. Teachers should attend workshops on various policies that govern their roles in the delivery of quality teaching and learning. They need not be conversant with the subject matter only, but also with the relevant policies as a vehicle that facilitates service delivery in education. The introduction of Mathematics support educators who specialized in the learning area should be introduced in each phase of schooling. Such incumbents would rotate from school to school within a circuit, with special reference to rural schools where they would tackle problematic topics as reported by the educators. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012-01
Impact of performance evaluation on service rendering by the Department of Education in the Lady Frere District at selected schools (2010-2011)
- Authors: Ngodwane, Anele Anthony
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: Performance standards , Education and state , School management and organization
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26437 , vital:65312
- Description: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of performance evaluation on the service rendering by the department of education. There have been studies made around performance management system but to my knowledge it was the first of this nature in Lady Frere District. Performance Management System has not been a success ever since its implementation. A lot had happened in our country from apartheid era to the present democratic dispensation. Among the achievements South Africa masters is the ability to formulate or the formulation of policies but its weakness is on the implementation. Performance management system is among the policies that were developed but its implementation has never been a success. Its main aim is to enhance service delivery and attempt to make government effective and efficient. This research considers if performance management system and performance evaluation might address the question of service delivery in the Department of Education in Lady Frere District. Findings on this research spell it out that effective implementation performance management system will lead to an enhanced service delivery. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce , 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012-01
- Authors: Ngodwane, Anele Anthony
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: Performance standards , Education and state , School management and organization
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26437 , vital:65312
- Description: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of performance evaluation on the service rendering by the department of education. There have been studies made around performance management system but to my knowledge it was the first of this nature in Lady Frere District. Performance Management System has not been a success ever since its implementation. A lot had happened in our country from apartheid era to the present democratic dispensation. Among the achievements South Africa masters is the ability to formulate or the formulation of policies but its weakness is on the implementation. Performance management system is among the policies that were developed but its implementation has never been a success. Its main aim is to enhance service delivery and attempt to make government effective and efficient. This research considers if performance management system and performance evaluation might address the question of service delivery in the Department of Education in Lady Frere District. Findings on this research spell it out that effective implementation performance management system will lead to an enhanced service delivery. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce , 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012-01
Representation of the twentieth century socio-economic and political history of Red Location New Brighton (Port Elizabeth) 1903-1963
- Authors: Maliza, Nokuzola Thozama
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: History -- Economic conditions , World politics -- South Africa , Squatter settlements -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26415 , vital:65306
- Description: This study sets out to recapture the rich history and diverse culture of Red Location, New Brighton. Port Elizabeth. It explains the reasons for the establishment of Red Location in 1903, and goes on to look at the Economic and Social life of the Community. Two chapters are then devoted to political struggles in Red Location and New Brighton, long regarded as one of the most militant African townships in the apartheid era. Finally, we look at the way in which Red Location has been represented in the substantial Red Location Museum project, and the extent to which the Museum reflects the historical reality. , Thesis (MHIS) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012-01
- Authors: Maliza, Nokuzola Thozama
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: History -- Economic conditions , World politics -- South Africa , Squatter settlements -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26415 , vital:65306
- Description: This study sets out to recapture the rich history and diverse culture of Red Location, New Brighton. Port Elizabeth. It explains the reasons for the establishment of Red Location in 1903, and goes on to look at the Economic and Social life of the Community. Two chapters are then devoted to political struggles in Red Location and New Brighton, long regarded as one of the most militant African townships in the apartheid era. Finally, we look at the way in which Red Location has been represented in the substantial Red Location Museum project, and the extent to which the Museum reflects the historical reality. , Thesis (MHIS) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012-01
The mediating role of mobile technology in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty.
- Authors: Chihombori, Rumbidzai
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: Mobile Communication Systems--South Africa--Eastern Cape , Mobile Computing South Africa , South Africa Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25472 , vital:64282
- Description: The main objective of this study was to critically investigate the mediating role that the use of mobile technology plays in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a semi-urban environment. The research problem focused on the application of mobile technology in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the clothing industry in King Williams Town. In accomplishing this objective, this research study hypothesised that mobile technology plays a mediating role in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of customers of clothing retailers in South Africa. Multiple regression was conducted to test for the first hypothesis. The first secondary objective aimed at establishing if there is disconfirmation between customer expectations and the performance of clothing retail outlets in King Williams Town. In exploring this objective, it was hypothesised that there is negative disconfirmation between customer expectations and performance. A paired sample test was conducted to test for this hypothesis. In addition, the influence of service quality and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty was explored. To accomplish these, it was hypothesised that both service quality and customer satisfaction have an influence on customer loyalty. Pearson’s Correlation and the Chi-Square Test were applied to test the influence of service quality and Customer satisfaction on Customer loyalty. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software. Regression analysis, chi-square tests, Paired sample tests and correlation reports were used to analyse data inferentially. Reliability and validity of the research was also tested using Cronchbach’s alpha test. The results show that mobile phones have become a basic necessity for customers and that mobile technology plays a mediating role in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty; however, the mediation is partial. The results also show that there is positive disconfirmation between customer expectations and retailer performance; that both service quality and customer satisfaction have a positive correlation with customer loyalty and that mobile technology enhances customer loyalty. Finally, the results show that the total service experience of customers is favourable because the five components of service quality were rendered at a high level of service quality. The study offers several managerial recommendations. Firstly, retail managers should make strategic investments in mobile technology and use this technology to the full to reap the benefits of technologically advanced mobile communication. Secondly, managers should be creative in their use of this mobile technology to enhance customer satisfaction and, hence, customer loyalty. Thirdly, managers should prioritise the improvement of all five components of service quality in order to enhance customer loyalty. Finally, managers should provide a customer-centred service experience that exceeds customer expectations for service quality and mobile communication, one that maximises customer satisfaction and loyalty. The implementation of these recommendations could result in clothing retailers providing a customer-focused service experience in all five aspects of service quality. To successfully implement these recommendations, clothing retailers should: ensure that expectations created, could be accomplished or exceeded to build and enhance customer satisfaction; create expectations that are realistic to avoid negative disconfirmation and hence customer dissatisfaction; implement innovative and creative mobile communication strategies to build and enhance customer loyalty; and finally, improve loyalty programmes to enlarge the customer base. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012-01
- Authors: Chihombori, Rumbidzai
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: Mobile Communication Systems--South Africa--Eastern Cape , Mobile Computing South Africa , South Africa Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25472 , vital:64282
- Description: The main objective of this study was to critically investigate the mediating role that the use of mobile technology plays in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a semi-urban environment. The research problem focused on the application of mobile technology in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the clothing industry in King Williams Town. In accomplishing this objective, this research study hypothesised that mobile technology plays a mediating role in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of customers of clothing retailers in South Africa. Multiple regression was conducted to test for the first hypothesis. The first secondary objective aimed at establishing if there is disconfirmation between customer expectations and the performance of clothing retail outlets in King Williams Town. In exploring this objective, it was hypothesised that there is negative disconfirmation between customer expectations and performance. A paired sample test was conducted to test for this hypothesis. In addition, the influence of service quality and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty was explored. To accomplish these, it was hypothesised that both service quality and customer satisfaction have an influence on customer loyalty. Pearson’s Correlation and the Chi-Square Test were applied to test the influence of service quality and Customer satisfaction on Customer loyalty. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software. Regression analysis, chi-square tests, Paired sample tests and correlation reports were used to analyse data inferentially. Reliability and validity of the research was also tested using Cronchbach’s alpha test. The results show that mobile phones have become a basic necessity for customers and that mobile technology plays a mediating role in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty; however, the mediation is partial. The results also show that there is positive disconfirmation between customer expectations and retailer performance; that both service quality and customer satisfaction have a positive correlation with customer loyalty and that mobile technology enhances customer loyalty. Finally, the results show that the total service experience of customers is favourable because the five components of service quality were rendered at a high level of service quality. The study offers several managerial recommendations. Firstly, retail managers should make strategic investments in mobile technology and use this technology to the full to reap the benefits of technologically advanced mobile communication. Secondly, managers should be creative in their use of this mobile technology to enhance customer satisfaction and, hence, customer loyalty. Thirdly, managers should prioritise the improvement of all five components of service quality in order to enhance customer loyalty. Finally, managers should provide a customer-centred service experience that exceeds customer expectations for service quality and mobile communication, one that maximises customer satisfaction and loyalty. The implementation of these recommendations could result in clothing retailers providing a customer-focused service experience in all five aspects of service quality. To successfully implement these recommendations, clothing retailers should: ensure that expectations created, could be accomplished or exceeded to build and enhance customer satisfaction; create expectations that are realistic to avoid negative disconfirmation and hence customer dissatisfaction; implement innovative and creative mobile communication strategies to build and enhance customer loyalty; and finally, improve loyalty programmes to enlarge the customer base. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012-01
An assessment of the implementation of intervention programmes which ensure the right to education for orphans in King Williams Town District
- Authors: Ntshuntshe, Zoleka
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Student assistance programs
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24661 , vital:63399
- Description: The purpose of the study was to assess the implementation of intervention programmes that ensure the right to education for orphans in schools in the King William’s Town District. Data from the study revealed that there were a number of challenges faced by orphans with regards to accessing social grants and this affected their school performance negatively. Some of the challenges were (1) even though orphans were receiving the social grant, it was inadequate to provide for their home and school needs; (2) there was lack of information by applicants to access documents they needed to apply for social grants. This was an impediment to access to funds from social grants. (3) The long distances travelled by people to reach social services posed obstacles to those wishing to apply for grants. (4) Applicants lacked proper documentation such as birth certificates and parents’ death certificates which could impede application processes for social grants and (5) Lack of monitoring of social grants resulted in the misuse of funds by some caregivers. In the schools it was also established that there was irregular distribution of food parcels which resulted from some people who gave food to their families and friends, leaving the needy ones out. The No fee policy however was a success as most learners were able to remain in school. With regard to school attendance, some of the challenges were: (1) that some learners were struggling to buy school books as this was not covered by the policy. (2) There was slow implementation of scholar nutrition programme with some schools in quintile 1-3 still not being able to benefit from the programme. (3) Scholar transport was not available to most of the learners and (4) learners were without counseling services, since teachers were not trained in psychosocial support. Nonetheless, social workers were adequately trained to provide psychosocial support to learners. In addition, non governmental organizations contributed a vital service by providing orphans with uniforms and food. However their work was limited by resources and funding. The study was situated in the interpretive paradigm which seeks to construct detailed descriptions of reality. The qualitative methods were suitable for data collection purposes because they allowed the use of interviews which collected detailed, authentic information of what goes on in the schools. It was therefore the best method for the research study which seeks to assess implementation of intervention programmes for orphans as they related the challenges they encounter in the implementation of intervention programmes in their schools. Purposive sampling was used to select 8 orphans, 8 caregivers, 4 principals, 4 teachers and 4 social workers from the 4 schools in the district. The study recommends that the Child Support Grant be reviewed upwards and that monitoring be strengthened so that grants are not misused. It is further recommended that the department of social services synchronize its information dissemination strategies with other stakeholder departments, such as the department of education so as to benefit orphans. It is also recommended that the No fee policy be strengthened by such additions as providing books for orphans and other vulnerable children in schools. Finally the study recommends scholar transport to be implemented as learners still have to walk long distances to school. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Ntshuntshe, Zoleka
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Student assistance programs
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24661 , vital:63399
- Description: The purpose of the study was to assess the implementation of intervention programmes that ensure the right to education for orphans in schools in the King William’s Town District. Data from the study revealed that there were a number of challenges faced by orphans with regards to accessing social grants and this affected their school performance negatively. Some of the challenges were (1) even though orphans were receiving the social grant, it was inadequate to provide for their home and school needs; (2) there was lack of information by applicants to access documents they needed to apply for social grants. This was an impediment to access to funds from social grants. (3) The long distances travelled by people to reach social services posed obstacles to those wishing to apply for grants. (4) Applicants lacked proper documentation such as birth certificates and parents’ death certificates which could impede application processes for social grants and (5) Lack of monitoring of social grants resulted in the misuse of funds by some caregivers. In the schools it was also established that there was irregular distribution of food parcels which resulted from some people who gave food to their families and friends, leaving the needy ones out. The No fee policy however was a success as most learners were able to remain in school. With regard to school attendance, some of the challenges were: (1) that some learners were struggling to buy school books as this was not covered by the policy. (2) There was slow implementation of scholar nutrition programme with some schools in quintile 1-3 still not being able to benefit from the programme. (3) Scholar transport was not available to most of the learners and (4) learners were without counseling services, since teachers were not trained in psychosocial support. Nonetheless, social workers were adequately trained to provide psychosocial support to learners. In addition, non governmental organizations contributed a vital service by providing orphans with uniforms and food. However their work was limited by resources and funding. The study was situated in the interpretive paradigm which seeks to construct detailed descriptions of reality. The qualitative methods were suitable for data collection purposes because they allowed the use of interviews which collected detailed, authentic information of what goes on in the schools. It was therefore the best method for the research study which seeks to assess implementation of intervention programmes for orphans as they related the challenges they encounter in the implementation of intervention programmes in their schools. Purposive sampling was used to select 8 orphans, 8 caregivers, 4 principals, 4 teachers and 4 social workers from the 4 schools in the district. The study recommends that the Child Support Grant be reviewed upwards and that monitoring be strengthened so that grants are not misused. It is further recommended that the department of social services synchronize its information dissemination strategies with other stakeholder departments, such as the department of education so as to benefit orphans. It is also recommended that the No fee policy be strengthened by such additions as providing books for orphans and other vulnerable children in schools. Finally the study recommends scholar transport to be implemented as learners still have to walk long distances to school. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Effect of fluoroquinolones antibiotics on vancomycin and oxacillin resistant staphylococcus species in Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Soyege, Oludotun
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Staphylococcus aureus , Quinolone antibacterial agents , Fluoroquinolones
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25349 , vital:64212
- Description: This study shows the susceptibility profile of some Staphylococcus species isolated from commensal Staphylococci in Nkonkobe municipality, South Africa. A total number of 120 Staphylococcal isolates were screened for their susceptibilities to various classes of antibiotics such as Aminoglycoside (Gentamycin), Aminoglycoside (Kanamycin), Macrolide (Erythromycin), Tetracycline (Minocycline), Anti-tuberculous (Rifampicin), Lincosamides (Clindamycin), Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolones in general. During the study, 32 (26percent) the test organisms were susceptible to both methicillin and vancomycin, while 12 (10percent) had co-resistance to the antibiotics. Furthermore, Gentamycin (an Aminoglycoside) had a relatively high potency against the isolates with 107 (89.17percent) of the bacteria being susceptible to it, while 10 (8.33percent) were resistant. On the other hand, Erythromycin (a Macrolide) was active against 72 (60percent) of the isolates, while 5 (4.17percent) and 74 (61.67percent) of the isolates yielded intermediate and resistant responses respectively. In addition , 51 (42.5percent) of the isolates were susceptible to rifampicin, while 1 (0.83percent) and 17 (14.17percent) were intermediate and resistant respectively. Ten percent of the isolates screened for their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in this study were positive for mecA gene among the vancomycin-oxacillin resistant strains while van gene was not detected in any of the isolates. This shows how the synergy of both vancomycin and oxacillin contribute to some resistance nature of Staphylococci. In order to overcome this resistance attributes of Staphylococci, to the commonly used antibiotics as discussed under this context, various types of fluoroquinolones were tested. The result shows that less than 10percent of the isolates were generally resistant to the fluoroquinolones except against Nalidix acid to which all the isolates were resistant. Other antibiotics had relatively higher resistance patterns as observed for minocycline (39.51percent), clindamycin (12.75percent), gentamycin (12.31percent) and vancomycin (12.3percent). The new generation fluoroquinolones including Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin and Ciprofloxacin to which less than 5percent of the bacteria are resistant gives some clinical advantage over the Methicillin and Vancomycin resistant strains. About 31percent of the isolates had multiple antibiotic resistance index of ≥1 and suggests animals in the community as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance determinants in the environment. Data obtained in this study is of epidemiological importance and valuable for disease control. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Soyege, Oludotun
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Staphylococcus aureus , Quinolone antibacterial agents , Fluoroquinolones
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25349 , vital:64212
- Description: This study shows the susceptibility profile of some Staphylococcus species isolated from commensal Staphylococci in Nkonkobe municipality, South Africa. A total number of 120 Staphylococcal isolates were screened for their susceptibilities to various classes of antibiotics such as Aminoglycoside (Gentamycin), Aminoglycoside (Kanamycin), Macrolide (Erythromycin), Tetracycline (Minocycline), Anti-tuberculous (Rifampicin), Lincosamides (Clindamycin), Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolones in general. During the study, 32 (26percent) the test organisms were susceptible to both methicillin and vancomycin, while 12 (10percent) had co-resistance to the antibiotics. Furthermore, Gentamycin (an Aminoglycoside) had a relatively high potency against the isolates with 107 (89.17percent) of the bacteria being susceptible to it, while 10 (8.33percent) were resistant. On the other hand, Erythromycin (a Macrolide) was active against 72 (60percent) of the isolates, while 5 (4.17percent) and 74 (61.67percent) of the isolates yielded intermediate and resistant responses respectively. In addition , 51 (42.5percent) of the isolates were susceptible to rifampicin, while 1 (0.83percent) and 17 (14.17percent) were intermediate and resistant respectively. Ten percent of the isolates screened for their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in this study were positive for mecA gene among the vancomycin-oxacillin resistant strains while van gene was not detected in any of the isolates. This shows how the synergy of both vancomycin and oxacillin contribute to some resistance nature of Staphylococci. In order to overcome this resistance attributes of Staphylococci, to the commonly used antibiotics as discussed under this context, various types of fluoroquinolones were tested. The result shows that less than 10percent of the isolates were generally resistant to the fluoroquinolones except against Nalidix acid to which all the isolates were resistant. Other antibiotics had relatively higher resistance patterns as observed for minocycline (39.51percent), clindamycin (12.75percent), gentamycin (12.31percent) and vancomycin (12.3percent). The new generation fluoroquinolones including Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin and Ciprofloxacin to which less than 5percent of the bacteria are resistant gives some clinical advantage over the Methicillin and Vancomycin resistant strains. About 31percent of the isolates had multiple antibiotic resistance index of ≥1 and suggests animals in the community as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance determinants in the environment. Data obtained in this study is of epidemiological importance and valuable for disease control. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Effectiveness of housing delivery in the Reconstruction and Development Programme in Duncan Village
- Authors: Millie, Lindile Churchill
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Housing development -- South Africa , Public housing -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24199 , vital:62441
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Housing delivery in the Reconstruction and Development Programme in Duncan Village. This thesis has tried to answer to why there are still places like Duncan Village, situated at the heart of Buffalo City Metropolitan Local Municipality, in the Eastern Cape Province with alarming rate at which the “shanty resident” has been growing and showing no signs of coming to an end? The researcher used both qualitative and quantitative approaches in this research. The researcher conducted the research using officials from the Department of Human Settlements, officials from Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Ward Councillor, and Duncan Village community. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Millie, Lindile Churchill
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Housing development -- South Africa , Public housing -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24199 , vital:62441
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Housing delivery in the Reconstruction and Development Programme in Duncan Village. This thesis has tried to answer to why there are still places like Duncan Village, situated at the heart of Buffalo City Metropolitan Local Municipality, in the Eastern Cape Province with alarming rate at which the “shanty resident” has been growing and showing no signs of coming to an end? The researcher used both qualitative and quantitative approaches in this research. The researcher conducted the research using officials from the Department of Human Settlements, officials from Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Ward Councillor, and Duncan Village community. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Molecular detection and drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in raw milk from a major dairy farm in the Nkonkobe region, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Silaigwana, Blessing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-1607
- Authors: Silaigwana, Blessing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-1607
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Drug resistance in microorganisms , Tuberculosis -- Pathogenesis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24239 , vital:62543
- Description: Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) organisms are the causative agents of tuberculosis in humans as well as animals. The study aimed to use molecular techniques for detection and drug susceptibility testing of MTBC in raw milk from cattle at a dairy farm in the Nkonkobe region of South Africa. Two hundred samples (100mL each) were collected and processed using the modified Petroff’s method. DNA was isolated using the Zymo Research bacterial DNA kit and amplified using the Seeplex® MTB Nested ACE assay. Drug susceptibility testing was performed using the Genotype® MTBDRplus assay. MTBC DNA was detected in 11 (6percent) of the samples tested. Resistance to both rifampicin and isoniazid was detected in 90.9percent of the positive samples. The most frequent rpoB mutations detected were H526Y (90percent), H526D (80percent), S531L (60percent) and D516V (20percent). No mutation was detected in the katG gene. All isoniazid resistant samples harboured mutations in the inhA gene. The most frequent (100percent) mutation conferring low level isoniazid resistance was the T8A substitution. The inhA mutations C15T, A16G and T8C were equally represented with 60percent frequency. A high prevalence of multi-drug resistance was noted in the Nkonkobe region. Therefore, the results of this study have clinico-veterinary and epidemiological significance and calls for further studies and necessary actions to delineate the situation. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Silaigwana, Blessing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-1607
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Drug resistance in microorganisms , Tuberculosis -- Pathogenesis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24239 , vital:62543
- Description: Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) organisms are the causative agents of tuberculosis in humans as well as animals. The study aimed to use molecular techniques for detection and drug susceptibility testing of MTBC in raw milk from cattle at a dairy farm in the Nkonkobe region of South Africa. Two hundred samples (100mL each) were collected and processed using the modified Petroff’s method. DNA was isolated using the Zymo Research bacterial DNA kit and amplified using the Seeplex® MTB Nested ACE assay. Drug susceptibility testing was performed using the Genotype® MTBDRplus assay. MTBC DNA was detected in 11 (6percent) of the samples tested. Resistance to both rifampicin and isoniazid was detected in 90.9percent of the positive samples. The most frequent rpoB mutations detected were H526Y (90percent), H526D (80percent), S531L (60percent) and D516V (20percent). No mutation was detected in the katG gene. All isoniazid resistant samples harboured mutations in the inhA gene. The most frequent (100percent) mutation conferring low level isoniazid resistance was the T8A substitution. The inhA mutations C15T, A16G and T8C were equally represented with 60percent frequency. A high prevalence of multi-drug resistance was noted in the Nkonkobe region. Therefore, the results of this study have clinico-veterinary and epidemiological significance and calls for further studies and necessary actions to delineate the situation. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2012
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012