Knowledge, attitudes and practises of professional nurses working with patients with tuberculosis in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District
- Authors: Nxumalo, Avela
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Tuberculosis -- Patients -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Tuberculosis -- Treatment -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Primary health care -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Professional Nursing -- Dissertations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33715 , vital:32994
- Description: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems worldwide, and includes the development of drug resistant TB. Tuberculosis is reportedly the second most common infectious cause of death worldwide and thus a global threat. In 2014, 9.6 million people were estimated to have TB and 1.5 million people died of the disease worldwide. South Africa is one of the African countries with the highest burden of TB with 1% of the population of about 50 000 000 who develop the TB disease each year. The research study explored and described the knowledge, attitudes and practices of professional nurses working with patients with TB in primary health care clinics in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). A quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used to operationalise the research objectives. The target population comprised professional nurses in primary health care clinics. Consecutive sampling, a type of non-probability sampling, was used in this study. Descriptive data analysis was applied to analyse and describe the data using the data analysis software programme Statistica Version 11. The majority of the participants (99%) had a high level of knowledge about the cause of TB as well as the question about contracting TB (94.9%). On the TB diagnostic tests: biopsy and sputum culture and sensitivity scored the lowest (22.2% and 36.4% respectively). Regarding the duration of TB treatment and the drug used to prevent TB most participants responded positively (97% and 91.9% respectively). Most of the participants had a positive attitude regarding TB (79.8%) confirming their willingness to wear masks although it makes them uncomfortable. Furthermore, most participants (99%) would like to be screened for TB if they have signs and symptoms suggestive of TB. The majority of participants (99%) responded positively to completing TB treatment if they were to be diagnosed with TB. The practices of professional nurses regarding TB were generally low (18.2%) in the areas of when to wear a mask, ventilation in the clinics and infection control. The results are displayed graphically using bar graphs and tables. Recommendations to the NMBHD were made and also for nursing practice, education, and research. Ethical principles have been maintained throughout the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Nxumalo, Avela
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Tuberculosis -- Patients -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Tuberculosis -- Treatment -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Primary health care -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Professional Nursing -- Dissertations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33715 , vital:32994
- Description: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems worldwide, and includes the development of drug resistant TB. Tuberculosis is reportedly the second most common infectious cause of death worldwide and thus a global threat. In 2014, 9.6 million people were estimated to have TB and 1.5 million people died of the disease worldwide. South Africa is one of the African countries with the highest burden of TB with 1% of the population of about 50 000 000 who develop the TB disease each year. The research study explored and described the knowledge, attitudes and practices of professional nurses working with patients with TB in primary health care clinics in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). A quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used to operationalise the research objectives. The target population comprised professional nurses in primary health care clinics. Consecutive sampling, a type of non-probability sampling, was used in this study. Descriptive data analysis was applied to analyse and describe the data using the data analysis software programme Statistica Version 11. The majority of the participants (99%) had a high level of knowledge about the cause of TB as well as the question about contracting TB (94.9%). On the TB diagnostic tests: biopsy and sputum culture and sensitivity scored the lowest (22.2% and 36.4% respectively). Regarding the duration of TB treatment and the drug used to prevent TB most participants responded positively (97% and 91.9% respectively). Most of the participants had a positive attitude regarding TB (79.8%) confirming their willingness to wear masks although it makes them uncomfortable. Furthermore, most participants (99%) would like to be screened for TB if they have signs and symptoms suggestive of TB. The majority of participants (99%) responded positively to completing TB treatment if they were to be diagnosed with TB. The practices of professional nurses regarding TB were generally low (18.2%) in the areas of when to wear a mask, ventilation in the clinics and infection control. The results are displayed graphically using bar graphs and tables. Recommendations to the NMBHD were made and also for nursing practice, education, and research. Ethical principles have been maintained throughout the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Guidelines for the responsible use of social media by nursing students
- Authors: Nyangeni, Thandolwakhe
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Nursing students , Social media
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10065 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020658
- Description: Social media use is becoming a popular activity among students at Nursing Education Institutions in South Africa, with Facebook, WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram, Blackberry Messaging, Mxit and Google Plus being some of the social networking sites adopted for various reasons by nursing students. However, lack of accountability and unethical use of social media by nursing students in South Africa has been reported. Owing to the lack of accountability and unethical misconduct associated with the use of social media, guidelines for responsible usage are needed. A qualitative, descriptive, explorative and contextual research study was conducted to explore and describe the perceptions of nursing students regarding the responsible use of social media. Nursing students registered for the undergraduate nursing degree at a Nursing Education Institution in the Eastern Cape, South Africa were interviewed using a semi-structured individual interview method in order to elicit rich descriptions of their perceptions regarding the use of social media. The goal of the study was to develop guidelines for the responsible use of social media by nursing students. In phase one, the researcher explores and describes the perceptions of nursing students regarding the use of social media. In phase two, guidelines for the responsible use of social media by nursing students were developed, using the findings of the study. Tesch’s method of thematic synthesis was utilised to analyse the data. To ensure rigour and trustworthiness in the study, the researcher used Guba and Lincoln’s criteria, namely: credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability. To protect the rights and dignity of the participants and to safeguard the integrity of this study, the researcher complied with the following ethical principles: beneficence and non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, privacy, and confidentiality. Twelve in-depth, semi-structured interviews provided saturated data, which was then transcribed and coded to yield the major and sub-themes that were identified in this study. The information shared by the participants provided the basis for the development of guidelines for the responsible use of social media by nursing students, which are intended to provide guidance for legally and ethically acceptable social networking. Three themes that emerged from the data were: Nursing student’s lives are centred around social media, Nursing students experience blurred personal and professional boundaries and lack of accountability, and Students expressed a need for the guidelines for the responsible use of social media. Six principle guidelines focusing on accountable and ethically acceptable use of social media were developed. The study concludes with the recommendations regarding nursing practice, nursing education and nursing research. The limitations of the study were that data was collected from students in the undergraduate nursing degree programme and therefore the experiences of the nursing students in the postgraduate degree and diploma programmes regarding the use of social media are not known. The researcher depended solely on the story as told by the participants and did not get the opportunity to observe their social networking conduct, so the researcher made inferences based on the information that was supplied by students. The paucity of research in this topic made it a challenge for the researcher to find context-specific research articles for South Africa. Recommendations from this study could be used to influence further research aimed at establishing the effectiveness of the guidelines. The findings of this research study could also be used to influence policy making at national and provincial levels of government regarding the use of social media at healthcare facilities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Nyangeni, Thandolwakhe
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Nursing students , Social media
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10065 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020658
- Description: Social media use is becoming a popular activity among students at Nursing Education Institutions in South Africa, with Facebook, WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram, Blackberry Messaging, Mxit and Google Plus being some of the social networking sites adopted for various reasons by nursing students. However, lack of accountability and unethical use of social media by nursing students in South Africa has been reported. Owing to the lack of accountability and unethical misconduct associated with the use of social media, guidelines for responsible usage are needed. A qualitative, descriptive, explorative and contextual research study was conducted to explore and describe the perceptions of nursing students regarding the responsible use of social media. Nursing students registered for the undergraduate nursing degree at a Nursing Education Institution in the Eastern Cape, South Africa were interviewed using a semi-structured individual interview method in order to elicit rich descriptions of their perceptions regarding the use of social media. The goal of the study was to develop guidelines for the responsible use of social media by nursing students. In phase one, the researcher explores and describes the perceptions of nursing students regarding the use of social media. In phase two, guidelines for the responsible use of social media by nursing students were developed, using the findings of the study. Tesch’s method of thematic synthesis was utilised to analyse the data. To ensure rigour and trustworthiness in the study, the researcher used Guba and Lincoln’s criteria, namely: credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability. To protect the rights and dignity of the participants and to safeguard the integrity of this study, the researcher complied with the following ethical principles: beneficence and non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, privacy, and confidentiality. Twelve in-depth, semi-structured interviews provided saturated data, which was then transcribed and coded to yield the major and sub-themes that were identified in this study. The information shared by the participants provided the basis for the development of guidelines for the responsible use of social media by nursing students, which are intended to provide guidance for legally and ethically acceptable social networking. Three themes that emerged from the data were: Nursing student’s lives are centred around social media, Nursing students experience blurred personal and professional boundaries and lack of accountability, and Students expressed a need for the guidelines for the responsible use of social media. Six principle guidelines focusing on accountable and ethically acceptable use of social media were developed. The study concludes with the recommendations regarding nursing practice, nursing education and nursing research. The limitations of the study were that data was collected from students in the undergraduate nursing degree programme and therefore the experiences of the nursing students in the postgraduate degree and diploma programmes regarding the use of social media are not known. The researcher depended solely on the story as told by the participants and did not get the opportunity to observe their social networking conduct, so the researcher made inferences based on the information that was supplied by students. The paucity of research in this topic made it a challenge for the researcher to find context-specific research articles for South Africa. Recommendations from this study could be used to influence further research aimed at establishing the effectiveness of the guidelines. The findings of this research study could also be used to influence policy making at national and provincial levels of government regarding the use of social media at healthcare facilities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
An educational intervention on the liberation of ventilated adult patients in public critical care units
- Oamen, Benedict Raphael, ten Ham-Baloyi, Wilma
- Authors: Oamen, Benedict Raphael , ten Ham-Baloyi, Wilma
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Intensive care nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Intensive care units -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nurse and patient
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42968 , vital:36715
- Description: Professional nurses perform liberation of ventilated patients in the critical care units to ensure that ventilated patients can breathe on their own to maintain adequate oxygenation after the removal of an artificial airway and prevent liberation failure. The study aimed to describe the effect of an educational intervention on professional nurses’ knowledge concerning the liberation of ventilated adult patients in public critical care units. The research study described how an educational intervention increased the knowledge of professional nurses working in five public adult critical care units with a total of 54 beds for medical and surgical adult patients who are mechanically ventilated across the Eastern Cape Province. The objectives were first; to investigate the knowledge of professional nurses, concerning the liberation of ventilated adult patients. Secondly, to implement the evidence-based guidelines on liberation using an educational intervention. Thirdly, to describe the effect of an educational intervention on professional nurses’ knowledge concerning the liberation of ventilated adult patients in five public critical care units across the Eastern Cape Province. The researcher conducted an intervention research study using a quantitative, quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test with a control group design. The researcher recruited 150 participants who were professional nurses working in the five adult critical care units in academic hospitals. The five public adult critical care units were purposively divided into three sample groups, which consisted of two experimental groups and a control group. While considering the geographical location and proximity of the academic hospitals the groups were divided into Experimental Group 1 (comprised of 57 professional nurses from two critical care units) and Experimental Group 2 (comprised of 59 professional nurses from two critical care units), plus a Control Group (comprised of 34 professional nurses from one critical care unit). To achieve a large sample, all the professional nurses working in the five academic hospitals across the Eastern Cape Province were included in this study. The research study was conducted in three phases. In Phase One of the study, a pre-test questionnaire was administered to the professional nurses to investigate their current knowledge of the liberation of ventilated adult patients. Subsequently, in Phase Two, an educational intervention that was based on the liberation of ventilated adult patients used a PowerPoint in-service presentation in the form of a formal lecture, printed copies of the evidence-based guidelines on liberation and colour printed posters attached to the notice boards and strategic places such as the tea room and corridor of the critical care units in Experimental Group 1. Equally, Experimental Group 2 received only printed copies of the evidence-based guidelines. In the Control Group, the researcher did not implement the evidence-based guidelines. Three months after the implementation of the evidence-based guidelines, Phase Three was conducted, and a post-test questionnaire was administered to describe the effect of the educational intervention on the professional nurses’ knowledge. With the assistance of the statistician, data were analysed through descriptive analysis using the measure of frequency, central tendency, dispersion/variation and position. In addition to that, an inferential analysis used Analysis of Variance, Chi-square test, t-statistic (t-test), Cohen’s d, Cramér’s V, and Scheffe’s post-hoc test. Since there was no existing questionnaire, the researcher developed the questionnaires that were used in this study. The researcher ensured reliability and validity throughout the study. The ethical clearance reference number, H17-HEA-NUR-019 was obtained for the study from the Nelson Mandela University. A letter of permission was granted by the Provincial’s Department of Health, Bhisho, the Eastern Cape Province, with reference number, EC_201712_017. Other ethical principles were taking into consideration. The implementation of evidence-based guidelines on liberation using an educational intervention in the form of PowerPoint presentation, complemented with printed copies of the evidence-based guidelines and coloured posters as reminders showed an increase (Mean = 65,22; S.D = 12,08) in the mean knowledge score of professional nurses in Experimental Group 1. Contrary, the use of printed copies of the evidence-based guidelines on liberation showed a significant decrease (Mean = 53,41; S.D = 15,44; p = 0.033; Cohen's d = 0.49 small effect) in the mean knowledge score of professional nurses in Experimental Group 2. A single educational intervention method did not affect knowledge increase compared to a combined educational intervention method. Imparting knowledge in the public critical care units across the Eastern Cape Province is still very important. Further recommendations for practice, research and education were provided.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Oamen, Benedict Raphael , ten Ham-Baloyi, Wilma
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Intensive care nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Intensive care units -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nurse and patient
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42968 , vital:36715
- Description: Professional nurses perform liberation of ventilated patients in the critical care units to ensure that ventilated patients can breathe on their own to maintain adequate oxygenation after the removal of an artificial airway and prevent liberation failure. The study aimed to describe the effect of an educational intervention on professional nurses’ knowledge concerning the liberation of ventilated adult patients in public critical care units. The research study described how an educational intervention increased the knowledge of professional nurses working in five public adult critical care units with a total of 54 beds for medical and surgical adult patients who are mechanically ventilated across the Eastern Cape Province. The objectives were first; to investigate the knowledge of professional nurses, concerning the liberation of ventilated adult patients. Secondly, to implement the evidence-based guidelines on liberation using an educational intervention. Thirdly, to describe the effect of an educational intervention on professional nurses’ knowledge concerning the liberation of ventilated adult patients in five public critical care units across the Eastern Cape Province. The researcher conducted an intervention research study using a quantitative, quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test with a control group design. The researcher recruited 150 participants who were professional nurses working in the five adult critical care units in academic hospitals. The five public adult critical care units were purposively divided into three sample groups, which consisted of two experimental groups and a control group. While considering the geographical location and proximity of the academic hospitals the groups were divided into Experimental Group 1 (comprised of 57 professional nurses from two critical care units) and Experimental Group 2 (comprised of 59 professional nurses from two critical care units), plus a Control Group (comprised of 34 professional nurses from one critical care unit). To achieve a large sample, all the professional nurses working in the five academic hospitals across the Eastern Cape Province were included in this study. The research study was conducted in three phases. In Phase One of the study, a pre-test questionnaire was administered to the professional nurses to investigate their current knowledge of the liberation of ventilated adult patients. Subsequently, in Phase Two, an educational intervention that was based on the liberation of ventilated adult patients used a PowerPoint in-service presentation in the form of a formal lecture, printed copies of the evidence-based guidelines on liberation and colour printed posters attached to the notice boards and strategic places such as the tea room and corridor of the critical care units in Experimental Group 1. Equally, Experimental Group 2 received only printed copies of the evidence-based guidelines. In the Control Group, the researcher did not implement the evidence-based guidelines. Three months after the implementation of the evidence-based guidelines, Phase Three was conducted, and a post-test questionnaire was administered to describe the effect of the educational intervention on the professional nurses’ knowledge. With the assistance of the statistician, data were analysed through descriptive analysis using the measure of frequency, central tendency, dispersion/variation and position. In addition to that, an inferential analysis used Analysis of Variance, Chi-square test, t-statistic (t-test), Cohen’s d, Cramér’s V, and Scheffe’s post-hoc test. Since there was no existing questionnaire, the researcher developed the questionnaires that were used in this study. The researcher ensured reliability and validity throughout the study. The ethical clearance reference number, H17-HEA-NUR-019 was obtained for the study from the Nelson Mandela University. A letter of permission was granted by the Provincial’s Department of Health, Bhisho, the Eastern Cape Province, with reference number, EC_201712_017. Other ethical principles were taking into consideration. The implementation of evidence-based guidelines on liberation using an educational intervention in the form of PowerPoint presentation, complemented with printed copies of the evidence-based guidelines and coloured posters as reminders showed an increase (Mean = 65,22; S.D = 12,08) in the mean knowledge score of professional nurses in Experimental Group 1. Contrary, the use of printed copies of the evidence-based guidelines on liberation showed a significant decrease (Mean = 53,41; S.D = 15,44; p = 0.033; Cohen's d = 0.49 small effect) in the mean knowledge score of professional nurses in Experimental Group 2. A single educational intervention method did not affect knowledge increase compared to a combined educational intervention method. Imparting knowledge in the public critical care units across the Eastern Cape Province is still very important. Further recommendations for practice, research and education were provided.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Establishing baseline data of Cradock and Tarkastad’s communities’ disease profile ahead of hydraulic fracturing and shale gas development
- Authors: Olivera, Shanene
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Medical care -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Diseases -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Statistics, Medical Surveys
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43088 , vital:36734
- Description: The South African government is investigating alternative ways to address the electricity crisis and has identified fracking as an alternative energy source. Specific areas have been identified for the implementation of Shale Gas Development. Various research studies have connected fracking to the incidence of certain diseases. Since Cradock and Tarkastad have been identified as prospective areas for the implementation of fracking, the primary aim of this study was to determine the disease profile of the community members in Cradock and Tarkastad. This baseline data could be utilised at a later stage as a benchmark when similar studies are conducted after the implementation of Shale Gas Development in these communities. A quantitative approach utilising a comparative descriptive survey design was adopted to conduct this study. The research population comprised all community members in Cradock and Tarkastad. A multi-staged sampling process was applied namely, cluster, convenient and stratified random sampling process; 489 respondents were included in the research sample. Two structured questionnaires and checklists were developed and administered by Registered Nurses, who were recruited as fieldworkers, to collect the data for the study. One questionnaire and checklist were designed and used for the age groups five-year and under population (n=43), and the other questionnaire and checklist were used for the over five-year population group (n=446). This allowed for the establishment of a disease profile of all ages in both areas. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data, and a pilot study was conducted before the primary study. The results of the study revealed the current disease profile in Tarkastad and Cradock. One of the objectives of the study was to compare the prevalence of diseases and abnormalities found in Cradock and Tarkastad. Thereafter the disease profiles were combined in a single profile for both Cradock and Tarkastad. Statistical analysis among the five-year-old and under population group indicated significant associations between area and physiological status, birthweight and physical conditions identified and monthly household income and physiological status (p<0.05). The over five-year-old population group revealed a greater significance between the independent and dependent variable categories than in the age group five years and under. The study revealed that South Africa’s burden of disease is evident in these findings with HIV/AIDS topping the list. The prevalence rates of HIV/AIDS and Hypertention are higher than the national prevalence rates, in Cradock and Tarkastad. It was also worthwhile to mention that Tarkastad faces more socio-economic challenges compared to Cradock. Recommendations were made for nursing practice, nursing education and further development of nursing research based on the research findings.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Olivera, Shanene
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Medical care -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Diseases -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Statistics, Medical Surveys
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43088 , vital:36734
- Description: The South African government is investigating alternative ways to address the electricity crisis and has identified fracking as an alternative energy source. Specific areas have been identified for the implementation of Shale Gas Development. Various research studies have connected fracking to the incidence of certain diseases. Since Cradock and Tarkastad have been identified as prospective areas for the implementation of fracking, the primary aim of this study was to determine the disease profile of the community members in Cradock and Tarkastad. This baseline data could be utilised at a later stage as a benchmark when similar studies are conducted after the implementation of Shale Gas Development in these communities. A quantitative approach utilising a comparative descriptive survey design was adopted to conduct this study. The research population comprised all community members in Cradock and Tarkastad. A multi-staged sampling process was applied namely, cluster, convenient and stratified random sampling process; 489 respondents were included in the research sample. Two structured questionnaires and checklists were developed and administered by Registered Nurses, who were recruited as fieldworkers, to collect the data for the study. One questionnaire and checklist were designed and used for the age groups five-year and under population (n=43), and the other questionnaire and checklist were used for the over five-year population group (n=446). This allowed for the establishment of a disease profile of all ages in both areas. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data, and a pilot study was conducted before the primary study. The results of the study revealed the current disease profile in Tarkastad and Cradock. One of the objectives of the study was to compare the prevalence of diseases and abnormalities found in Cradock and Tarkastad. Thereafter the disease profiles were combined in a single profile for both Cradock and Tarkastad. Statistical analysis among the five-year-old and under population group indicated significant associations between area and physiological status, birthweight and physical conditions identified and monthly household income and physiological status (p<0.05). The over five-year-old population group revealed a greater significance between the independent and dependent variable categories than in the age group five years and under. The study revealed that South Africa’s burden of disease is evident in these findings with HIV/AIDS topping the list. The prevalence rates of HIV/AIDS and Hypertention are higher than the national prevalence rates, in Cradock and Tarkastad. It was also worthwhile to mention that Tarkastad faces more socio-economic challenges compared to Cradock. Recommendations were made for nursing practice, nursing education and further development of nursing research based on the research findings.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Infection control practices for the prevention of surgical site infections in the operating room
- Authors: Opadotun, Olukemi
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Surgical wound infections -- Prevention , Wounds and injuries -- Nursing , Operating room nursing , Surgical nursing , Evidence-based nursing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10050 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1017195
- Description: Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality during the post-operative phase of patients’ recovery. Wound infections are the second most commonly encountered type of nosocomial infection. Because wound infections can be introduced by not applying infection control measures and sterile technique principles in the operating room, the implementation of infection control principles is an imperative. The aim of this study was to explore and describe infection control practices related to the prevention of Surgical site infections in the operating rooms in a public health care sector in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The findings were compared with practices, as indicated in an evidence-based guideline. The research design was quantitative, explorative, descriptive, comparative-descriptive and contextual in nature. The research sample consisted of all the professional nurses, in the operating room. The data were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to present the data in the form of tables and graphs. Based on the analysis of the data, some recommendations were made for the implementation of infection control practices, in order to prevent Surgical site infections in the operating room.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Opadotun, Olukemi
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Surgical wound infections -- Prevention , Wounds and injuries -- Nursing , Operating room nursing , Surgical nursing , Evidence-based nursing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10050 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1017195
- Description: Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality during the post-operative phase of patients’ recovery. Wound infections are the second most commonly encountered type of nosocomial infection. Because wound infections can be introduced by not applying infection control measures and sterile technique principles in the operating room, the implementation of infection control principles is an imperative. The aim of this study was to explore and describe infection control practices related to the prevention of Surgical site infections in the operating rooms in a public health care sector in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The findings were compared with practices, as indicated in an evidence-based guideline. The research design was quantitative, explorative, descriptive, comparative-descriptive and contextual in nature. The research sample consisted of all the professional nurses, in the operating room. The data were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to present the data in the form of tables and graphs. Based on the analysis of the data, some recommendations were made for the implementation of infection control practices, in order to prevent Surgical site infections in the operating room.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Factors affecting experiential learning for midwifery students at the public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Pama, Nomzekelo
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Midwifery -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Midwives -- Training of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4524 , vital:28375
- Description: In nursing education, experiential learning is an important part of the curriculum and accounts for almost half of the requirements for the nursing programmes. A positive relationship with and collaboration between the training institutions and clinical placement facilities are vital for student achievement. Nurse educators are also expected to involve themselves in clinical accompaniment to bridge the theory-practice gap. Student nurses placed in midwifery clinical learning environments experience difficulty in meeting their experiential learning outcomes and programme requirements. Due to the overcrowded clinical facilities, they compete for the limited learning opportunities and resources which make the integration of theory and practice difficult. Therefore, this leads to delay in the commencement of community service by some of the nursing students as they do not graduate because of not achieving midwifery clinical outcomes and programme requirements. The purpose of the study is to assess factors affecting experiential learning for midwifery students at the public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape and the main objectives of the study were to: • Identify the challenges affecting the quality of learning in the clinical learning environment. • Determine the nature of supervision for experiential learning of midwifery students. • Determine the role of a nurse educator in the experiential learning of student nurses in midwifery clinical learning environment. Methods and analysis A quantitative, descriptive survey was conducted by making use of the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher (CLES+T) evaluation scale. The CLES+T is a reliable and valid evaluation scale for the gathering of information on the clinical learning environment and supervision of student nurses. The CLES+T evaluation scale was completed by 115 student nurses within the selected sites. The CLES+T evaluation scale is subdivided into three main sections with additional sub-sections: (1) the learning environment (2) the supervisory relationship and (3) the role of the nurse teacher (lecturer).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Pama, Nomzekelo
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Midwifery -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Midwives -- Training of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4524 , vital:28375
- Description: In nursing education, experiential learning is an important part of the curriculum and accounts for almost half of the requirements for the nursing programmes. A positive relationship with and collaboration between the training institutions and clinical placement facilities are vital for student achievement. Nurse educators are also expected to involve themselves in clinical accompaniment to bridge the theory-practice gap. Student nurses placed in midwifery clinical learning environments experience difficulty in meeting their experiential learning outcomes and programme requirements. Due to the overcrowded clinical facilities, they compete for the limited learning opportunities and resources which make the integration of theory and practice difficult. Therefore, this leads to delay in the commencement of community service by some of the nursing students as they do not graduate because of not achieving midwifery clinical outcomes and programme requirements. The purpose of the study is to assess factors affecting experiential learning for midwifery students at the public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape and the main objectives of the study were to: • Identify the challenges affecting the quality of learning in the clinical learning environment. • Determine the nature of supervision for experiential learning of midwifery students. • Determine the role of a nurse educator in the experiential learning of student nurses in midwifery clinical learning environment. Methods and analysis A quantitative, descriptive survey was conducted by making use of the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher (CLES+T) evaluation scale. The CLES+T is a reliable and valid evaluation scale for the gathering of information on the clinical learning environment and supervision of student nurses. The CLES+T evaluation scale was completed by 115 student nurses within the selected sites. The CLES+T evaluation scale is subdivided into three main sections with additional sub-sections: (1) the learning environment (2) the supervisory relationship and (3) the role of the nurse teacher (lecturer).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Factors contributing to non-adherence in HIV positive patients on antiretroviral treatment in primary health care facilities, East London, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Petse, Siphokazi
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Antiretroviral therapy -- Eastern Cape -- South Africa , Patient compliance , HIV-positive persons -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9734 , vital:34905
- Description: Aim: South Africa is faced with the major challenge of ensuring and sustaining the quality of services, including preventing and managing side- effects, and improving drug adherence, which are all critical, for the success of a comprehensive HIV programme. The aim of this study was to examine the underlying contributing factors to antiretroviral treatment adherence among HIV positive patients attending primary health care facilities in East London. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 371 HIV positive patients on antiretroviral treatment in xx primary health care facilities in East London, South Africa. The study utilized a self- designed structured questionnaire with both open- ended and closed ended questions, divided into socio-demographic, socio- economic, level of understanding and knowledge on HIV, quality of care and waiting times. Results: About 64 percent of the participants had a good knowledge of HIV, 25 percent had an average knowledge with few participants having poor knowledge of HIV (11 percent). Majority (92.2 percent) were counselled before starting ARVs treatment. Majority of participants (70.7 percent) do have money for transport to come to the clinic, while 53.1 percent experienced side effects. The majority (70 percent) of the participants were non-adherents. Concerning viral load distribution, 52 percent were undetectable, 26 percent unsuppressed and 22 percent suppressed. Marital status (married) (p=0.005), having no formal education (p=0.035), being Christian (p=0.007), alcohol consumption (p= 0.021) and viral load suppression had significant association with non-adherence to ARV treatment among participants. After adjusting for confounders, only non-Christians and unsuppressed viral loads were the independent predictors of non-adherence. Conclusion: The main contributing factors to ART non-adherence among participants on ARVs were marital status, level of education, religion, and Christians were more adherent to the treatment than non-Christians. Alcohol consumption also contributed to non-adherence and viral load. Adherence counseling should be done on each and every visit to remind the participants on the importance of taking their treatment. These factors need to be addressed to improve adherence to the treatment, decrease the virus in the blood (viral load) and improve their health in general.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Petse, Siphokazi
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Antiretroviral therapy -- Eastern Cape -- South Africa , Patient compliance , HIV-positive persons -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9734 , vital:34905
- Description: Aim: South Africa is faced with the major challenge of ensuring and sustaining the quality of services, including preventing and managing side- effects, and improving drug adherence, which are all critical, for the success of a comprehensive HIV programme. The aim of this study was to examine the underlying contributing factors to antiretroviral treatment adherence among HIV positive patients attending primary health care facilities in East London. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 371 HIV positive patients on antiretroviral treatment in xx primary health care facilities in East London, South Africa. The study utilized a self- designed structured questionnaire with both open- ended and closed ended questions, divided into socio-demographic, socio- economic, level of understanding and knowledge on HIV, quality of care and waiting times. Results: About 64 percent of the participants had a good knowledge of HIV, 25 percent had an average knowledge with few participants having poor knowledge of HIV (11 percent). Majority (92.2 percent) were counselled before starting ARVs treatment. Majority of participants (70.7 percent) do have money for transport to come to the clinic, while 53.1 percent experienced side effects. The majority (70 percent) of the participants were non-adherents. Concerning viral load distribution, 52 percent were undetectable, 26 percent unsuppressed and 22 percent suppressed. Marital status (married) (p=0.005), having no formal education (p=0.035), being Christian (p=0.007), alcohol consumption (p= 0.021) and viral load suppression had significant association with non-adherence to ARV treatment among participants. After adjusting for confounders, only non-Christians and unsuppressed viral loads were the independent predictors of non-adherence. Conclusion: The main contributing factors to ART non-adherence among participants on ARVs were marital status, level of education, religion, and Christians were more adherent to the treatment than non-Christians. Alcohol consumption also contributed to non-adherence and viral load. Adherence counseling should be done on each and every visit to remind the participants on the importance of taking their treatment. These factors need to be addressed to improve adherence to the treatment, decrease the virus in the blood (viral load) and improve their health in general.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
The perceptions of professional nurses with regard to the process of withdrawing life-support treatment in a private intensive care unit
- Authors: Pheiffer, Evette
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Artificial respiration , Cardiotonic agents , Life support systems (Critical care)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3115 , vital:20400
- Description: Life-support treatment is regarded as the support of vital functions of respiration and circulation such as mechanical ventilation and inotropic support, and life-sustaining therapy which incorporate therapies such as artificial hydration, nutrition and haemodialysis. Life-support treatment is rendered to critically ill patients within the intensive care units. However, when treatment options are maximised, and the patient’s condition is unchanged, a decision is often made to withdraw treatment. Professional nurses are usually involved in the process of withdrawal of life-support treatment as they care for this population of patients. The study followed a qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research paradigm in order to explore and describe the perceptions of professional nurses with regard to the process of withdrawing life-support treatment in a private intensive care unit. Data was collected by means of interviews, which were transcribed according to Tesch’s method of analysis. Field notes were used to supplement the data findings. Based on the data collected, it is clear that professional nurses experience difficulties when performing withdrawal of life-support treatment. There are a number of communication concerns which need to be addressed and suggestions were also made by the interview participants regarding these concerns. The study makes recommendations to assist professional nurses with the process of withdrawing life-support treatment in a private intensive care unit. The findings of the study will be disseminated to the relevant hospital and unit managers. Ethical principles were maintained throughout the study by adhering to the principles of privacy, confidentiality, anonymity and beneficence.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Pheiffer, Evette
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Artificial respiration , Cardiotonic agents , Life support systems (Critical care)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3115 , vital:20400
- Description: Life-support treatment is regarded as the support of vital functions of respiration and circulation such as mechanical ventilation and inotropic support, and life-sustaining therapy which incorporate therapies such as artificial hydration, nutrition and haemodialysis. Life-support treatment is rendered to critically ill patients within the intensive care units. However, when treatment options are maximised, and the patient’s condition is unchanged, a decision is often made to withdraw treatment. Professional nurses are usually involved in the process of withdrawal of life-support treatment as they care for this population of patients. The study followed a qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research paradigm in order to explore and describe the perceptions of professional nurses with regard to the process of withdrawing life-support treatment in a private intensive care unit. Data was collected by means of interviews, which were transcribed according to Tesch’s method of analysis. Field notes were used to supplement the data findings. Based on the data collected, it is clear that professional nurses experience difficulties when performing withdrawal of life-support treatment. There are a number of communication concerns which need to be addressed and suggestions were also made by the interview participants regarding these concerns. The study makes recommendations to assist professional nurses with the process of withdrawing life-support treatment in a private intensive care unit. The findings of the study will be disseminated to the relevant hospital and unit managers. Ethical principles were maintained throughout the study by adhering to the principles of privacy, confidentiality, anonymity and beneficence.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
The experiences of pregnant teenagers as related to ante-natal care
- Authors: Pienaar, Nadine
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Pregnant teenagers -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municpality , Prenatal diagnosis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10028 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1321 , Pregnant teenagers -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municpality , Prenatal diagnosis
- Description: The experiences of pregnant teenagers as related to ante-natal care were researched. The primary objective of the study was to explore and describe the experiences pregnant teenagers had of their ante-natal care. The researcher recommended measures based on the findings of the study to midwives to encourage ante-natal care clinic attendance amongst pregnant teenagers. The recommendations were such that even nurses at Primary Health Care clinics could utilise them as they also come into contact with pregnant teenagers. An increasing number of pregnant teenagers in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality area are admitted to referral hospitals with complications during pregnancy and labour. Some of these teenagers are un-booked or had only a few ante-natal clinic visits. The researcher therefore wanted to obtain first hand information related to the reluctance of pregnant teenagers to attend ante-natal care clinics. Attendance at ante-natal care clinics plays an important part in enabling the staff to screen pregnant mothers for health problems and so limit complications. Hence the concern and need to develop measures to motivate pregnant teenagers to attend ante-natal clinics.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Pienaar, Nadine
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Pregnant teenagers -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municpality , Prenatal diagnosis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10028 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1321 , Pregnant teenagers -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municpality , Prenatal diagnosis
- Description: The experiences of pregnant teenagers as related to ante-natal care were researched. The primary objective of the study was to explore and describe the experiences pregnant teenagers had of their ante-natal care. The researcher recommended measures based on the findings of the study to midwives to encourage ante-natal care clinic attendance amongst pregnant teenagers. The recommendations were such that even nurses at Primary Health Care clinics could utilise them as they also come into contact with pregnant teenagers. An increasing number of pregnant teenagers in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality area are admitted to referral hospitals with complications during pregnancy and labour. Some of these teenagers are un-booked or had only a few ante-natal clinic visits. The researcher therefore wanted to obtain first hand information related to the reluctance of pregnant teenagers to attend ante-natal care clinics. Attendance at ante-natal care clinics plays an important part in enabling the staff to screen pregnant mothers for health problems and so limit complications. Hence the concern and need to develop measures to motivate pregnant teenagers to attend ante-natal clinics.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011
Perceptions of nurse unit managers regarding the preparedness for practice of newly- qualified professional nurses trained at a public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Piet, Sheila Ann
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Nursing -- Practice -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Training of -- South Africa School-to-work transition -- South Africa Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43182 , vital:36757
- Description: Nurses belong to a noble and caring profession, characterized by a specific and scientific body of knowledge and skills that need to be obtained from an accredited Nursing Education Institution (NEI). The World Health Organization (WHO) states that nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well, and in all settings. It includes the promotion of health, the prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people (Muller, 2009:4). The newly-qualified professional nurse (NQPN) works within a specific scope of practice, as stipulated by the South African Nursing Council (SANC). Nurses need to have the knowledge, skills and attributes to be able to render quality nursing care to the community at large. There was, however, a concern voiced by nurse unit managers that the NQPN lacked the ability to be an independent practitioner and does not have problem-solving and analytical skills, and therefore their preparedness for practice in the clinical field was questioned. This is a concern for the profession and the colleges of nursing. Sound guidelines are therefore needed regarding the educational programme in order to ensure that NQPNs trained at a public college of nursing are ready to practice, both competently and independently, upon completion of their training. A qualitative, descriptive, explorative and contextual research study was conducted to explore and describe the perceptions of nurse unit managers regarding the preparedness for practice of NQPNs trained at a public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape. Nurse unit managers from the public hospitals and Primary Health Care (PHC) services in the Nelson Mandela Health District, in the Eastern Cape, were interviewed using focus groups in order to obtain information until data saturation was obtained. The focus group interviews were transcribed verbatim and Tesch’s (1990) in Creswell (2009:186) data analysis and coding was followed to create themes from the data collected. To protect the dignity of the participants and the integrity of the study, the researcher incorporated the following ethical principles: respect for persons, beneficence and justice. The findings were described in detail and a literature control was conducted. The main findings were: The nurse unit managers indicated that NQPNs were not prepared for clinical practice and pose a danger to patients. Education deficiencies were identified by nurse unit managers. Students do not demonstrate the expected professional behaviour, but nurse unit managers acknowledged that they also contribute towards the under-preparedness of NQPNs. Lastly, nurse unit managers acknowledged their responsibility regarding clinical education, but shifted the blame (role) to other organizations and people. Guidelines were developed for the curriculum development committee and nurse educators, and recommendations were made regarding clinical practice, education and research, and the limitations of the study were identified.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Piet, Sheila Ann
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Nursing -- Practice -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Training of -- South Africa School-to-work transition -- South Africa Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43182 , vital:36757
- Description: Nurses belong to a noble and caring profession, characterized by a specific and scientific body of knowledge and skills that need to be obtained from an accredited Nursing Education Institution (NEI). The World Health Organization (WHO) states that nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well, and in all settings. It includes the promotion of health, the prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people (Muller, 2009:4). The newly-qualified professional nurse (NQPN) works within a specific scope of practice, as stipulated by the South African Nursing Council (SANC). Nurses need to have the knowledge, skills and attributes to be able to render quality nursing care to the community at large. There was, however, a concern voiced by nurse unit managers that the NQPN lacked the ability to be an independent practitioner and does not have problem-solving and analytical skills, and therefore their preparedness for practice in the clinical field was questioned. This is a concern for the profession and the colleges of nursing. Sound guidelines are therefore needed regarding the educational programme in order to ensure that NQPNs trained at a public college of nursing are ready to practice, both competently and independently, upon completion of their training. A qualitative, descriptive, explorative and contextual research study was conducted to explore and describe the perceptions of nurse unit managers regarding the preparedness for practice of NQPNs trained at a public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape. Nurse unit managers from the public hospitals and Primary Health Care (PHC) services in the Nelson Mandela Health District, in the Eastern Cape, were interviewed using focus groups in order to obtain information until data saturation was obtained. The focus group interviews were transcribed verbatim and Tesch’s (1990) in Creswell (2009:186) data analysis and coding was followed to create themes from the data collected. To protect the dignity of the participants and the integrity of the study, the researcher incorporated the following ethical principles: respect for persons, beneficence and justice. The findings were described in detail and a literature control was conducted. The main findings were: The nurse unit managers indicated that NQPNs were not prepared for clinical practice and pose a danger to patients. Education deficiencies were identified by nurse unit managers. Students do not demonstrate the expected professional behaviour, but nurse unit managers acknowledged that they also contribute towards the under-preparedness of NQPNs. Lastly, nurse unit managers acknowledged their responsibility regarding clinical education, but shifted the blame (role) to other organizations and people. Guidelines were developed for the curriculum development committee and nurse educators, and recommendations were made regarding clinical practice, education and research, and the limitations of the study were identified.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Operating room nursing science learning programmes in South Africa
- Authors: Prince, Jacqueline Yvonne
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: Operating room nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10047 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/594 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012880 , Operating room nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa
- Description: Operating room nurses form the corner-stone of the operating room because perioperative care of the patient rests mainly in the hands of the nursing personnel. Unique challenges face nurses functioning in the stressful surgical environment where anticipation to prevent or cope with life-threatening situations is the order of the day. The operating room nurse must be knowledgeable, skilled and alert, as he/she is held accountable for all acts of commission and omission. To ensure that nurses are appropriately educated and trained and able to keep trend with the changing technology in the operating room, it is essential that learning programmes meet the minimum standards for registration as prescribed by the South African Nursing Council. Reviewing and evaluating learning programmes on a regular basis by specialist nursing educationists, are therefore essential to ensure that the standards of education and training are maintained and upgraded if required. The aim of this study is to explore and describe the various Operating Room Nursing Science Learning Programmes offered at accredited Higher Education Institutions, utilized for the education and training of the operating room nursing students in South Africa. The proposed research is based on a qualitative paradigm and the theoretical grounding is found in Bergman’s model for professional accountability (Bergman, 1982:8). A document analysis of five approved comprehensive Operating Room Nursing Science Learning Programmes from higher education institutions in South Africa (nursing colleges and universities) was carried out, together with a sixth programme, the Operating Theatre Learning Programme, as suggested by the Standard Generating Body. Requests for permission were forwarded to the management of the selected colleges or universities for inclusion of the respective programmes in the study. The researcher formulated and utilized thirty-four essential criteria derived from three documents, the first being a document entitled “Proposed Standards for Nursing and Midwifery Qualifications” submitted to the SANC and SAQA by the SGB for Nursing and Midwifery (2001-2004). The second document entitled the Public and Private Higher Education Institutions format template for criteria for the Generation and Evaluation of Qualifications and Standards within the National Qualifications Framework was also utilized (SAQA, 1430/00) and thirdly the researcher included the most relevant criteria from the list of criteria for curriculum development as indicated by the South African Nursing Council. Various tables were compiled, to reflect the findings of the document analysis according to the thirty-three criteria indicated above, to provide a clear and broad overview of the specific data in the respective six Operating Room Nursing Science Learning Programmes utilized in the study. In conclusion recommendations for a broad macro-curriculum were made to facilitate formulation of programmes in Operating Room Nursing Science relevant to the South African context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Prince, Jacqueline Yvonne
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: Operating room nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10047 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/594 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012880 , Operating room nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa
- Description: Operating room nurses form the corner-stone of the operating room because perioperative care of the patient rests mainly in the hands of the nursing personnel. Unique challenges face nurses functioning in the stressful surgical environment where anticipation to prevent or cope with life-threatening situations is the order of the day. The operating room nurse must be knowledgeable, skilled and alert, as he/she is held accountable for all acts of commission and omission. To ensure that nurses are appropriately educated and trained and able to keep trend with the changing technology in the operating room, it is essential that learning programmes meet the minimum standards for registration as prescribed by the South African Nursing Council. Reviewing and evaluating learning programmes on a regular basis by specialist nursing educationists, are therefore essential to ensure that the standards of education and training are maintained and upgraded if required. The aim of this study is to explore and describe the various Operating Room Nursing Science Learning Programmes offered at accredited Higher Education Institutions, utilized for the education and training of the operating room nursing students in South Africa. The proposed research is based on a qualitative paradigm and the theoretical grounding is found in Bergman’s model for professional accountability (Bergman, 1982:8). A document analysis of five approved comprehensive Operating Room Nursing Science Learning Programmes from higher education institutions in South Africa (nursing colleges and universities) was carried out, together with a sixth programme, the Operating Theatre Learning Programme, as suggested by the Standard Generating Body. Requests for permission were forwarded to the management of the selected colleges or universities for inclusion of the respective programmes in the study. The researcher formulated and utilized thirty-four essential criteria derived from three documents, the first being a document entitled “Proposed Standards for Nursing and Midwifery Qualifications” submitted to the SANC and SAQA by the SGB for Nursing and Midwifery (2001-2004). The second document entitled the Public and Private Higher Education Institutions format template for criteria for the Generation and Evaluation of Qualifications and Standards within the National Qualifications Framework was also utilized (SAQA, 1430/00) and thirdly the researcher included the most relevant criteria from the list of criteria for curriculum development as indicated by the South African Nursing Council. Various tables were compiled, to reflect the findings of the document analysis according to the thirty-three criteria indicated above, to provide a clear and broad overview of the specific data in the respective six Operating Room Nursing Science Learning Programmes utilized in the study. In conclusion recommendations for a broad macro-curriculum were made to facilitate formulation of programmes in Operating Room Nursing Science relevant to the South African context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Experiences of professional nurses regarding the implementation of the re-engineering of the primary health care programme in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District
- Authors: Reid, Nolita
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Nurses -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Primary health care -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Public health -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19927 , vital:29009
- Description: As a clinic supervisor overseeing a cluster of clinics in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD), the researcher observed a number of problems with the implementation of the re-engineering of the primary health care (RPHC) programme. The problems observed include inadequate supervision of RPHC staff, poor communication and conflict between clinic and RPHC staff, failure to filter RPHC statistics into clinic statistics and the incorrect management of patients by RPHC staff. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses regarding the implementation of the RPHC programme in the NMBHD and to make recommendations the district manager could use to address the research findings. The study used a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design. The research population consisted of professional nurses who are implementing the RPHC programme in the NMBHD, and the sampling technique was a non-probability, purposive technique for the selection of the research sample. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data and Tesch’s model respectively. The researcher adhered to ethical considerations throughout the study and ensured trustworthiness of the data by using the criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability. Three themes were identified; namely; the professional nurses expression of their concerns regarding poor working conditions; issues regarding the community health workers and their positive experiences associated with the RPHC programme. The study concludes with recommendations made to the District manager with regard to nursing practice, as well as recommendations to nursing education and research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Reid, Nolita
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Nurses -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Primary health care -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Public health -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19927 , vital:29009
- Description: As a clinic supervisor overseeing a cluster of clinics in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD), the researcher observed a number of problems with the implementation of the re-engineering of the primary health care (RPHC) programme. The problems observed include inadequate supervision of RPHC staff, poor communication and conflict between clinic and RPHC staff, failure to filter RPHC statistics into clinic statistics and the incorrect management of patients by RPHC staff. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses regarding the implementation of the RPHC programme in the NMBHD and to make recommendations the district manager could use to address the research findings. The study used a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design. The research population consisted of professional nurses who are implementing the RPHC programme in the NMBHD, and the sampling technique was a non-probability, purposive technique for the selection of the research sample. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data and Tesch’s model respectively. The researcher adhered to ethical considerations throughout the study and ensured trustworthiness of the data by using the criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability. Three themes were identified; namely; the professional nurses expression of their concerns regarding poor working conditions; issues regarding the community health workers and their positive experiences associated with the RPHC programme. The study concludes with recommendations made to the District manager with regard to nursing practice, as well as recommendations to nursing education and research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Experiences of professional nurses related to caring for chronic mentally ill patients at rural primary healthcare clinics
- Authors: Sam, Noluthando
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Mentally ill -- Rehabilitation , Chronically ill -- Rehabilitation , Hospitals -- Case management services , Mentally ill -- Care
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10068
- Description: Since the deinstitutionalisation of chronic mentally ill patients, there has been an increase in the number of relapsed chronic mentally ill patients who become acutely mentally ill and need to be re-admitted for acute care in psychiatric institutions. Professional nurses working at rural primary healthcare clinics find it difficult to care for these individuals because they lack the necessary knowledge and skills. Chronic mentally ill patients who have been admitted to acute care facilities are stabilised by rendering care, treatment and rehabilitation and then released into the care of the professional nurses working at rural primary healthcare clinics. These patients live in the community and have to make use of the primary healthcare clinics nearest to their homes to provide them with their prescribed medication and care. Furthermore the patients’ mental conditions do not always remain stable, possibly because of a knowledge deficit, at times about their mental status. Patients may become non-compliant, resulting in the recurrence of symptoms, and thus need to be re-admitted to the acute care facility. However, the problem leading to re-admission is not clear for all admissions. It may be that patients do not make use of the primary healthcare clinics. It also seems that the professional nurses in the primary healthcare clinics are unfamiliar in dealing with chronic mentally ill patients living in rural communities. The aim of this study was therefore, to explore and describe the experiences of these professional nurses in caring for chronic mentally ill patients living in a rural community. The researcher used qualitative, explorative, descriptive, and contextual research design. The research population consisted of professional nurses working at primary healthcare clinics. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to identify participants for inclusion in the study. Data collection was conducted using one-on-one, semi structured interviews, observations and field notes and interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed. Data analysis was conducted using Tesh’s method of content analysis to identify themes and sub-themes. A literature control was done to compare the findings to the current published research. Trustworthiness was ensured by using Gubas’s model (1985) of trustworthiness. A pilot study, conducted by interviewing a small sample prior to the start of the main study, determined whether the sampling and interviewing techniques of the researcher as well as the research questions were adequate for data collection. The researcher ensured that the study was of a high ethical standard by taking into consideration values that guide the principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. The findings of the study was categorised into three main themes and 13 sub-themes. The main themes were as follow: Professional nurses experience problems when they have to take care of psychiatric patients attending rural primary healthcare clinics. This theme had six sub-themes which were discussed in details in chapter three. The second theme was that professional nurses experience that psychiatric patients in rural communities experience problems which affected their well-being. This second theme has got five sub-themes which were discussed further in chapter three. The last theme was that professional nurses have positive experiences when caring for psychiatric patients in rural communities. This theme has got two sub-themes as well discussed further in chapter three.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Sam, Noluthando
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Mentally ill -- Rehabilitation , Chronically ill -- Rehabilitation , Hospitals -- Case management services , Mentally ill -- Care
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10068
- Description: Since the deinstitutionalisation of chronic mentally ill patients, there has been an increase in the number of relapsed chronic mentally ill patients who become acutely mentally ill and need to be re-admitted for acute care in psychiatric institutions. Professional nurses working at rural primary healthcare clinics find it difficult to care for these individuals because they lack the necessary knowledge and skills. Chronic mentally ill patients who have been admitted to acute care facilities are stabilised by rendering care, treatment and rehabilitation and then released into the care of the professional nurses working at rural primary healthcare clinics. These patients live in the community and have to make use of the primary healthcare clinics nearest to their homes to provide them with their prescribed medication and care. Furthermore the patients’ mental conditions do not always remain stable, possibly because of a knowledge deficit, at times about their mental status. Patients may become non-compliant, resulting in the recurrence of symptoms, and thus need to be re-admitted to the acute care facility. However, the problem leading to re-admission is not clear for all admissions. It may be that patients do not make use of the primary healthcare clinics. It also seems that the professional nurses in the primary healthcare clinics are unfamiliar in dealing with chronic mentally ill patients living in rural communities. The aim of this study was therefore, to explore and describe the experiences of these professional nurses in caring for chronic mentally ill patients living in a rural community. The researcher used qualitative, explorative, descriptive, and contextual research design. The research population consisted of professional nurses working at primary healthcare clinics. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to identify participants for inclusion in the study. Data collection was conducted using one-on-one, semi structured interviews, observations and field notes and interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed. Data analysis was conducted using Tesh’s method of content analysis to identify themes and sub-themes. A literature control was done to compare the findings to the current published research. Trustworthiness was ensured by using Gubas’s model (1985) of trustworthiness. A pilot study, conducted by interviewing a small sample prior to the start of the main study, determined whether the sampling and interviewing techniques of the researcher as well as the research questions were adequate for data collection. The researcher ensured that the study was of a high ethical standard by taking into consideration values that guide the principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. The findings of the study was categorised into three main themes and 13 sub-themes. The main themes were as follow: Professional nurses experience problems when they have to take care of psychiatric patients attending rural primary healthcare clinics. This theme had six sub-themes which were discussed in details in chapter three. The second theme was that professional nurses experience that psychiatric patients in rural communities experience problems which affected their well-being. This second theme has got five sub-themes which were discussed further in chapter three. The last theme was that professional nurses have positive experiences when caring for psychiatric patients in rural communities. This theme has got two sub-themes as well discussed further in chapter three.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Workplace violence among professional nurses in a private healthcare facility
- Authors: Schlebusch-Marie, Linda
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Violence in the workplace -- Nursing -- South Africa Nurses -- Violence against -- South Africa , Health facilities -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12801 , vital:27122
- Description: Workplace violence is an international problem and has negative consequences for individuals, organizations and communities. For individuals, the effect includes symptoms of fear, stress, irritability, feelings of isolation, insecurity, and low selfesteem. Healthcare organizations incur increased cost due to litigation due to poor quality of care, high staff turnovers and absenteeism, and their brands are negatively affected. Community members, who are the recipients of care, are placed in danger and are indirectly the victims of such workplace violence, which in turn affects their trust in private healthcare organizations or professions to provide the quality health care that they expect and deserve. Workplace violence takes many forms such as incivility, horizontal violence and bullying to name but a few. The perpetrators of such violence are doctors, nurses, patients and relatives. Workplace violence takes place in South Africa however, paucity in research was found by the researcher. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses regarding workplace violence in a private healthcare facility in order to develop guidelines to address workplace violence in such a facility. A qualitative, explorative, contextual and descriptive study was conducted, using the Critical Social Theory as the paradigm. Data were gathered from professional nurses that have experienced workplace violence utilizing narratives. Fourteen narrative interviews were done until data was saturated. The data was transcribed verbatim and Tesch’s method of thematic synthesis was used to analyse the data. The three themes that emerged from the data were: Professional nurses acknowledge the existence of workplace violence where they work, Participants described the effect of workplace violence on themselves, others and the work environment, and Participants discussed their views regarding management of violence in the workplace. A thick description of the data with a literature control was provided. Thereafter inferences were made regarding the main themes of the guidelines and these focussed on: Preventing and addressing workplace violence by Nursing Service Managers; Preventing and addressing workplace violence by Nurse Unit Managers and Empowering professional nurses to address workplace violence. To ensure rigour and trustworthiness of the study, the researcher used Lincoln and Guba’s criteria namely: credibility, dependability, conformability and transferability. To protect the right and dignity of the participants and to safeguard the integrity of the study the researcher complied with the following ethical principles: beneficence, non- maleficence, autonomy, justice, veracity, privacy, and confidentiality. The limitations of this study were that data was collected from only one category of nurses and only one private healthcare facility was used. Recommendations from this study include implementation of the guidelines to establish their effectiveness. The findings of this study can be used to empower professional nurses to deal with workplace violence and to prevent the short and long term effects of workplace violence on the individual, the organization and the community. Nursing education institutions can also incorporate workplace violence into their curriculum to increase the awareness of students regarding this phenomenon.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Schlebusch-Marie, Linda
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Violence in the workplace -- Nursing -- South Africa Nurses -- Violence against -- South Africa , Health facilities -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12801 , vital:27122
- Description: Workplace violence is an international problem and has negative consequences for individuals, organizations and communities. For individuals, the effect includes symptoms of fear, stress, irritability, feelings of isolation, insecurity, and low selfesteem. Healthcare organizations incur increased cost due to litigation due to poor quality of care, high staff turnovers and absenteeism, and their brands are negatively affected. Community members, who are the recipients of care, are placed in danger and are indirectly the victims of such workplace violence, which in turn affects their trust in private healthcare organizations or professions to provide the quality health care that they expect and deserve. Workplace violence takes many forms such as incivility, horizontal violence and bullying to name but a few. The perpetrators of such violence are doctors, nurses, patients and relatives. Workplace violence takes place in South Africa however, paucity in research was found by the researcher. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses regarding workplace violence in a private healthcare facility in order to develop guidelines to address workplace violence in such a facility. A qualitative, explorative, contextual and descriptive study was conducted, using the Critical Social Theory as the paradigm. Data were gathered from professional nurses that have experienced workplace violence utilizing narratives. Fourteen narrative interviews were done until data was saturated. The data was transcribed verbatim and Tesch’s method of thematic synthesis was used to analyse the data. The three themes that emerged from the data were: Professional nurses acknowledge the existence of workplace violence where they work, Participants described the effect of workplace violence on themselves, others and the work environment, and Participants discussed their views regarding management of violence in the workplace. A thick description of the data with a literature control was provided. Thereafter inferences were made regarding the main themes of the guidelines and these focussed on: Preventing and addressing workplace violence by Nursing Service Managers; Preventing and addressing workplace violence by Nurse Unit Managers and Empowering professional nurses to address workplace violence. To ensure rigour and trustworthiness of the study, the researcher used Lincoln and Guba’s criteria namely: credibility, dependability, conformability and transferability. To protect the right and dignity of the participants and to safeguard the integrity of the study the researcher complied with the following ethical principles: beneficence, non- maleficence, autonomy, justice, veracity, privacy, and confidentiality. The limitations of this study were that data was collected from only one category of nurses and only one private healthcare facility was used. Recommendations from this study include implementation of the guidelines to establish their effectiveness. The findings of this study can be used to empower professional nurses to deal with workplace violence and to prevent the short and long term effects of workplace violence on the individual, the organization and the community. Nursing education institutions can also incorporate workplace violence into their curriculum to increase the awareness of students regarding this phenomenon.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Experiences of labouring women of unexpected neonatal resuscitation
- Authors: Senti, Nomphiwe Priscilla
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Neonatal nursing Newborn infants -- Patients -- Hospital care , Pediatric nursing Neonatology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18486 , vital:28650
- Description: Experiences of women regarding unexpected neonatal resuscitation were studied in this research. The objective of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of labouring women whose babies required unexpected resuscitation at birth. Recommendations were made based on the findings of the study. Labour and birth do not always go as well as expected as deviations could happen at any of the four stages of labour. Midwives tend to focus on the neonate when resuscitation is needed and leave the mother unattended and wondering what is happening as they rush away with the neonate. The situation motivated the researcher to conduct the study. The focus was on the experience of during the time of resuscitation. The study is qualitative, and exploratory, descriptive, contextual and narrative research approaches were used to reach the objective. The research population included women who delivered in the identified site from six hours to six weeks post delivery period. Inclusion criteria were the following: Women must have attended antenatal care at least four times. Their pregnancies were categorized as low risk. The ages of the women were 18-35 years. Gestational age was 38-41 weeks. The neonate should have been resuscitated successfully and admitted for observation in the nursery. Non-probability, purposive sampling was used. Data was collected by conducting semi-structured one-on-one interviews using a tape recorder. The site for the study was a public hospital, and the managers and operational midwives were used as gatekeepers. Fifteen participants gave permission to participate in the study willingly and were interviewed individually and anonymously. The interviews were transcribed, and Creswell’s data analysis spiral image was used. The period for data collection was seven months in one academic year. An independent coder’s services were utilized to increase the trustworthiness of the findings. The trustworthiness of the study was also ensured by conforming to Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness. Strategies used to ensure trustworthiness were credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability. The researcher maintained the ethical standards for conducting research by adhering to ethical principles, such as human rights, beneficence and justice. Confidentiality was maintained by using numbers instead of names, and only the researcher knows the participants’ names. Only the researcher, supervisor and the independent coder have access to the information. The data is kept in a locked cabinet and will be kept for the next five years following the publication of results. Two main themes emerged from the data analysis with each having two sub-themes Mothers verbalized varying emotions regarding their neonates’ inability to breathe properly. Mothers verbalized the importance of receiving support and information from midwives. To optimise the discussion of research findings, direct quotes were used from the raw data of interviews to support the description of experiences. Recommendations for midwives were to prepare the pregnant women during antenatal care for unexpected emergencies during labour and to reinforce this information on admission when labour commences. Managers are to update the guidelines on maternity care and the health education checklist. Nursing schools should train student midwives in debriefing and counselling skills. Both study objectives were successfully met.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Senti, Nomphiwe Priscilla
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Neonatal nursing Newborn infants -- Patients -- Hospital care , Pediatric nursing Neonatology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18486 , vital:28650
- Description: Experiences of women regarding unexpected neonatal resuscitation were studied in this research. The objective of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of labouring women whose babies required unexpected resuscitation at birth. Recommendations were made based on the findings of the study. Labour and birth do not always go as well as expected as deviations could happen at any of the four stages of labour. Midwives tend to focus on the neonate when resuscitation is needed and leave the mother unattended and wondering what is happening as they rush away with the neonate. The situation motivated the researcher to conduct the study. The focus was on the experience of during the time of resuscitation. The study is qualitative, and exploratory, descriptive, contextual and narrative research approaches were used to reach the objective. The research population included women who delivered in the identified site from six hours to six weeks post delivery period. Inclusion criteria were the following: Women must have attended antenatal care at least four times. Their pregnancies were categorized as low risk. The ages of the women were 18-35 years. Gestational age was 38-41 weeks. The neonate should have been resuscitated successfully and admitted for observation in the nursery. Non-probability, purposive sampling was used. Data was collected by conducting semi-structured one-on-one interviews using a tape recorder. The site for the study was a public hospital, and the managers and operational midwives were used as gatekeepers. Fifteen participants gave permission to participate in the study willingly and were interviewed individually and anonymously. The interviews were transcribed, and Creswell’s data analysis spiral image was used. The period for data collection was seven months in one academic year. An independent coder’s services were utilized to increase the trustworthiness of the findings. The trustworthiness of the study was also ensured by conforming to Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness. Strategies used to ensure trustworthiness were credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability. The researcher maintained the ethical standards for conducting research by adhering to ethical principles, such as human rights, beneficence and justice. Confidentiality was maintained by using numbers instead of names, and only the researcher knows the participants’ names. Only the researcher, supervisor and the independent coder have access to the information. The data is kept in a locked cabinet and will be kept for the next five years following the publication of results. Two main themes emerged from the data analysis with each having two sub-themes Mothers verbalized varying emotions regarding their neonates’ inability to breathe properly. Mothers verbalized the importance of receiving support and information from midwives. To optimise the discussion of research findings, direct quotes were used from the raw data of interviews to support the description of experiences. Recommendations for midwives were to prepare the pregnant women during antenatal care for unexpected emergencies during labour and to reinforce this information on admission when labour commences. Managers are to update the guidelines on maternity care and the health education checklist. Nursing schools should train student midwives in debriefing and counselling skills. Both study objectives were successfully met.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Perceptions of adolescents regarding induced abortion in two public hospitals in East London, South Africa
- Authors: Sidloyi, Nozitulele
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Abortion -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenage pregnancy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Sexual behavior
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4428 , vital:28339
- Description: Adolescent pregnancy is a concern worldwide and has risen at an alarming rate in South African societies. Many teenage pregnancies end up being aborted. Despite the availability of contraceptives free of charge in public institutions, unintended pregnancies among adolescents still persist. These unintended pregnancies result in a high rate of induced abortion, both safe and unsafe. The study was conducted to explore and describe the perceptions of adolescents regarding induced abortion in two public hospitals in East London, South Africa. This was a qualitative, phenomenological research study to explore the perceptions of adolescents regarding the induced abortion. Participants were purposively selected to participate in the study. Data were collected by means of individual interviews using interview guide in order to allow the participants to express their perceptions freely because of the sensitivity of the issue. Data were collected until saturation was reached. Saturation was reached after 24 participants were interviewed by the researcher. Data analysis used Tech’s (1990) steps as outlined by Creswell (2014:198). Themes, categories, and subcategories were identified following the data analysis. All adolescents admitted having consensual unprotected sex. Engagement in early sexual behaviour by the adolescents was evident as their sexual debut was between the ages of fifteen and sixteen years. Adolescents emphasised that they had abortions because they had no choice. Adolescents cited poor-socio economic status as their main reason for having abortions. Some findings were that adolescent men were against abortion and they had to be persuaded by their female counter parts. A recurrent factor in the results was the infrequent use of contraceptives, including condoms by the adolescents. This indicated that adolescents practised unsafe sex, with little or no regard for sexual transmitted diseases including Human Immune Deficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV and AIDS). The results also indicated poor treatment by the nursing staff at the family planning clinics. This poor treatment resulted in adolescents not attending family planning clinics. This led to adolescents using abortion as the only method of contraception. Shortage of staff was a contributing factor to the poor treatment of adolescents in the family planning clinics. Adolescents cited that contraception at the clinics is not prioritised. The participants suggested that they should be reminded when to come to the clinic for family planning. Perceptions of reasons for adolescents choosing induced abortion ranges from psychosocial to socio-economic reasons. The knowledge of participants of what was happening to them and what they were doing seemed adequate. The perceptions of the adolescents regarding induced abortion were that abortion is wrong, against their morals as they are Christians; they use abortion because they have no choice due to their poor socio-economic status. The strategies to reduce the unintended pregnancy through the proper management of the contraception programmes, including the change in negative attitudes of health care providers in the family planning clinics could yield positive results.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Sidloyi, Nozitulele
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Abortion -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenage pregnancy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Sexual behavior
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4428 , vital:28339
- Description: Adolescent pregnancy is a concern worldwide and has risen at an alarming rate in South African societies. Many teenage pregnancies end up being aborted. Despite the availability of contraceptives free of charge in public institutions, unintended pregnancies among adolescents still persist. These unintended pregnancies result in a high rate of induced abortion, both safe and unsafe. The study was conducted to explore and describe the perceptions of adolescents regarding induced abortion in two public hospitals in East London, South Africa. This was a qualitative, phenomenological research study to explore the perceptions of adolescents regarding the induced abortion. Participants were purposively selected to participate in the study. Data were collected by means of individual interviews using interview guide in order to allow the participants to express their perceptions freely because of the sensitivity of the issue. Data were collected until saturation was reached. Saturation was reached after 24 participants were interviewed by the researcher. Data analysis used Tech’s (1990) steps as outlined by Creswell (2014:198). Themes, categories, and subcategories were identified following the data analysis. All adolescents admitted having consensual unprotected sex. Engagement in early sexual behaviour by the adolescents was evident as their sexual debut was between the ages of fifteen and sixteen years. Adolescents emphasised that they had abortions because they had no choice. Adolescents cited poor-socio economic status as their main reason for having abortions. Some findings were that adolescent men were against abortion and they had to be persuaded by their female counter parts. A recurrent factor in the results was the infrequent use of contraceptives, including condoms by the adolescents. This indicated that adolescents practised unsafe sex, with little or no regard for sexual transmitted diseases including Human Immune Deficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV and AIDS). The results also indicated poor treatment by the nursing staff at the family planning clinics. This poor treatment resulted in adolescents not attending family planning clinics. This led to adolescents using abortion as the only method of contraception. Shortage of staff was a contributing factor to the poor treatment of adolescents in the family planning clinics. Adolescents cited that contraception at the clinics is not prioritised. The participants suggested that they should be reminded when to come to the clinic for family planning. Perceptions of reasons for adolescents choosing induced abortion ranges from psychosocial to socio-economic reasons. The knowledge of participants of what was happening to them and what they were doing seemed adequate. The perceptions of the adolescents regarding induced abortion were that abortion is wrong, against their morals as they are Christians; they use abortion because they have no choice due to their poor socio-economic status. The strategies to reduce the unintended pregnancy through the proper management of the contraception programmes, including the change in negative attitudes of health care providers in the family planning clinics could yield positive results.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Attitudes of midwives towards the use of traditional medicine among pregnant women in Nelson Mandela Bay
- Simelane, Nompumelelo Andiswa
- Authors: Simelane, Nompumelelo Andiswa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Midwifery -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Pregnancy -- Alternative treatment -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Women's health services -- Social aspects -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Traditional medicine -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Integrative medicine -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23197 , vital:30452
- Description: The use of traditional medicines by pregnant women is a global concern. Despite limited theoretical evidence on the safety profile of traditional medicines to substantiate their use in pregnancy, expectant mothers are found to be widely using them. Safety concerns related to traditional medicine use in pregnancy include its use during the critical embryonic period, antenatal and intrapartum periods. These medications were associated with complications such as obstructed labour, foetal distress, emergency caesarean sections having to be performed and neonates delivered with low Apgar scorings. Midwives are usually the first and at times the only healthcare providers that come into contact with pregnant women. It was therefore necessary to investigate the midwives’ attitudes towards the use of traditional medicine among pregnant women. The objectives of this study were to: Explore and describe the attitudes of midwives towards the use of traditional medicine in Nelson Mandela Bay. Based on the findings of the study, make recommendations for midwives and nurse managers on how they could inform pregnant women of the benefits and harms of using traditional medicine during pregnancy. The study was conducted between November 2016 and January 2017, using a quantitative approach with an explorative, descriptive, and contextual design having obtained the necessary approval from the university and relevant authorities. The research population was midwives who work in maternity units in Nelson Mandela Bay. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from conveniently sampled participants using set inclusion and exclusion criteria after obtaining informed consent. Data were captured by the researcher on a Microsoft Excel spread sheet and were reduced and analysed with the help of a statistician using the software package IBM SPSS Statistics 24 to ensure efficacy of the results. One hundred and twenty questionnaires were distributed and 89 were returned, yielding a 74% response rate. From the research findings, midwives in the Nelson Mandela Bay do not support the use of traditional medicine during pregnancy. Midwives acknowledged their responsibility to enquire and provide relevant information regarding the use of traditional medicine in pregnancy. Furthermore, midwives associated the use of traditional medicine with womens’ cultural diversity and lack of knowledge about pregnancy and labour. Based on these findings, recommendations for midwives and nurse managers on how they could inform pregnant women of the benefits and harms of using traditional medicine during pregnancy were made. Further recommendations were made for midwifery practice, nursing education and future research. The researcher used a literature control to ensure validation and integrity of the study. Further quality of the study was maintained by observing the principles of reliability and validity. Ethical considerations were guided by the Belmont Report adopting the principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Simelane, Nompumelelo Andiswa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Midwifery -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Pregnancy -- Alternative treatment -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Women's health services -- Social aspects -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Traditional medicine -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Integrative medicine -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23197 , vital:30452
- Description: The use of traditional medicines by pregnant women is a global concern. Despite limited theoretical evidence on the safety profile of traditional medicines to substantiate their use in pregnancy, expectant mothers are found to be widely using them. Safety concerns related to traditional medicine use in pregnancy include its use during the critical embryonic period, antenatal and intrapartum periods. These medications were associated with complications such as obstructed labour, foetal distress, emergency caesarean sections having to be performed and neonates delivered with low Apgar scorings. Midwives are usually the first and at times the only healthcare providers that come into contact with pregnant women. It was therefore necessary to investigate the midwives’ attitudes towards the use of traditional medicine among pregnant women. The objectives of this study were to: Explore and describe the attitudes of midwives towards the use of traditional medicine in Nelson Mandela Bay. Based on the findings of the study, make recommendations for midwives and nurse managers on how they could inform pregnant women of the benefits and harms of using traditional medicine during pregnancy. The study was conducted between November 2016 and January 2017, using a quantitative approach with an explorative, descriptive, and contextual design having obtained the necessary approval from the university and relevant authorities. The research population was midwives who work in maternity units in Nelson Mandela Bay. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from conveniently sampled participants using set inclusion and exclusion criteria after obtaining informed consent. Data were captured by the researcher on a Microsoft Excel spread sheet and were reduced and analysed with the help of a statistician using the software package IBM SPSS Statistics 24 to ensure efficacy of the results. One hundred and twenty questionnaires were distributed and 89 were returned, yielding a 74% response rate. From the research findings, midwives in the Nelson Mandela Bay do not support the use of traditional medicine during pregnancy. Midwives acknowledged their responsibility to enquire and provide relevant information regarding the use of traditional medicine in pregnancy. Furthermore, midwives associated the use of traditional medicine with womens’ cultural diversity and lack of knowledge about pregnancy and labour. Based on these findings, recommendations for midwives and nurse managers on how they could inform pregnant women of the benefits and harms of using traditional medicine during pregnancy were made. Further recommendations were made for midwifery practice, nursing education and future research. The researcher used a literature control to ensure validation and integrity of the study. Further quality of the study was maintained by observing the principles of reliability and validity. Ethical considerations were guided by the Belmont Report adopting the principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Guidelines for a therapeutic programme to address the mental health needs of adolescents being treated in a psychiatric hospital
- Authors: Smith, Lourett
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Teenagers , Psychiatric hospitals , Mental health facilities
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10036 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010963 , Teenagers , Psychiatric hospitals , Mental health facilities
- Description: It is estimated that about 10 million children and adolescents worldwide, annually suffer from psychiatric disorders. They often require hospital treatment because they are not coping with their psychiatric condition at home or there is a lack of supervision. Suicide amongst adolescents who are experiencing a crisis is a bleak reality. In-patient treatment provides the necessary structure and supervision in order to secure a stable environment which is vital for treating adolescents. Treatment usually includes a therapeutic programme provided by members of the multi-professional team. Since there is at present no adolescent in-patient treatment facility in the Nelson Mandela Bay to provide psychiatric care to adolescents who are experiencing a mental problem, these patients are admitted to psychiatric hospitals which cater only for the needs of adult patients or they are referred to facilities in other provinces. The goals and objectives of this study are firstly, to explore and describe the perceptions of mental health professionals working in psychiatric hospitals regarding what should be included in a therapeutic programme for adolescents and secondly, to develop guidelines for treating adolescents that can be implemented in psychiatric hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Bay. The study followed a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual design. The research population included various professionals who provide services at psychiatric hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Bay. Purposive sampling was utilized. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect information-rich data and field notes were kept. The interviews were transcribed and Tesch’s eight steps of data analysis were followed to create meaning from the data collected. Themes were identified and grouped together to form new categories. An independent coder assisted with the coding process to ensure the trustworthiness of the findings. Literature was reviewed in order to identify research that was done previously regarding adolescent psychiatric in-patient programmes in order to bridge the gaps that were identified. The researcher ensured the validity of the study by conforming to Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness which consists of the following four constructs, namely, credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. The researcher ensured that the study was conducted in an ethical manner by adhering to ethical principles such as beneficence, justice and fidelity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Smith, Lourett
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Teenagers , Psychiatric hospitals , Mental health facilities
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10036 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010963 , Teenagers , Psychiatric hospitals , Mental health facilities
- Description: It is estimated that about 10 million children and adolescents worldwide, annually suffer from psychiatric disorders. They often require hospital treatment because they are not coping with their psychiatric condition at home or there is a lack of supervision. Suicide amongst adolescents who are experiencing a crisis is a bleak reality. In-patient treatment provides the necessary structure and supervision in order to secure a stable environment which is vital for treating adolescents. Treatment usually includes a therapeutic programme provided by members of the multi-professional team. Since there is at present no adolescent in-patient treatment facility in the Nelson Mandela Bay to provide psychiatric care to adolescents who are experiencing a mental problem, these patients are admitted to psychiatric hospitals which cater only for the needs of adult patients or they are referred to facilities in other provinces. The goals and objectives of this study are firstly, to explore and describe the perceptions of mental health professionals working in psychiatric hospitals regarding what should be included in a therapeutic programme for adolescents and secondly, to develop guidelines for treating adolescents that can be implemented in psychiatric hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Bay. The study followed a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual design. The research population included various professionals who provide services at psychiatric hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Bay. Purposive sampling was utilized. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect information-rich data and field notes were kept. The interviews were transcribed and Tesch’s eight steps of data analysis were followed to create meaning from the data collected. Themes were identified and grouped together to form new categories. An independent coder assisted with the coding process to ensure the trustworthiness of the findings. Literature was reviewed in order to identify research that was done previously regarding adolescent psychiatric in-patient programmes in order to bridge the gaps that were identified. The researcher ensured the validity of the study by conforming to Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness which consists of the following four constructs, namely, credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. The researcher ensured that the study was conducted in an ethical manner by adhering to ethical principles such as beneficence, justice and fidelity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Effectiveness of the basic antenatal care package in primary health care clinics
- Authors: Snyman, J S
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: Pregnant women -- Health and hygiene , Hospitals -- Maternity services -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Evaluation , Maternal health services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10037 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/728 , Pregnant women -- Health and hygiene , Hospitals -- Maternity services -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Evaluation , Maternal health services
- Description: Pregnancy challenges the health care system in a unique way in that it involves at least two individuals – the woman and the fetus. The death rates of both pregnant women (maternal mortality) and newborns (perinatal mortality) are often used to indicate the quality of care the health system is providing. In terms of maternal and perinatal outcomes South Africa scores poorly compared to other upper-middle income countries (Penn-Kekana & Blaauw, 2002:14). The high stillbirth rate compared to the neonatal death rate reflects poor quality of antenatal care. Maternal and perinatal mortality is recognised as a problem and as a priority for action in the Millennium Development Goals (Thieren & Beusenberg, 2005:11). The Saving Mothers (Pattinson, 2002: 37-135) and Saving Babies (Pattinson, 2004:4-35) reports describe the causes and avoidable factors of these deaths with recommendations on how to improve care. The quality of care during the antenatal period may impact on the health of the pregnant woman and the outcome of the pregnancy, in particular on the still birth rate. In primary health care services there are many factors which may impact on and influence the quality of antenatal care. For example with the implementation of the comprehensive primary health care services package (Department of Health, 2001a:21-35) changes at clinic level resulted in a large number of primary health care professional nurses having to provide antenatal care, who previously may only have worked with one aspect of the primary health care package such as minor ailments or childcare. Because skills of midwifery or antenatal care, had not been practiced by some of these professional nurses, perhaps since completion of basic training, their level of competence has declined, and they have not been exposed to new developments in the field of midwifery. The practice of primary health care nurses is also influenced by the impact of diseases not specifically related to pregnancy like HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis. The principles of quality antenatal care are known (Chalmers et al. 2001:203) but despite the knowledge about these principles the maternal and perinatal mortality remains high. The Basic Antenatal Care quality improvement package is designed to assist clinical management and decision making in antenatal care. The implementation of the BANC package may influence the quality of antenatal care positively, which in turn may impact on the outcome of pregnancy for the mother and her baby. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Basic antenatal care (BANC) package to improve the quality of antenatal care at primary health care clinics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Snyman, J S
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: Pregnant women -- Health and hygiene , Hospitals -- Maternity services -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Evaluation , Maternal health services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10037 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/728 , Pregnant women -- Health and hygiene , Hospitals -- Maternity services -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Evaluation , Maternal health services
- Description: Pregnancy challenges the health care system in a unique way in that it involves at least two individuals – the woman and the fetus. The death rates of both pregnant women (maternal mortality) and newborns (perinatal mortality) are often used to indicate the quality of care the health system is providing. In terms of maternal and perinatal outcomes South Africa scores poorly compared to other upper-middle income countries (Penn-Kekana & Blaauw, 2002:14). The high stillbirth rate compared to the neonatal death rate reflects poor quality of antenatal care. Maternal and perinatal mortality is recognised as a problem and as a priority for action in the Millennium Development Goals (Thieren & Beusenberg, 2005:11). The Saving Mothers (Pattinson, 2002: 37-135) and Saving Babies (Pattinson, 2004:4-35) reports describe the causes and avoidable factors of these deaths with recommendations on how to improve care. The quality of care during the antenatal period may impact on the health of the pregnant woman and the outcome of the pregnancy, in particular on the still birth rate. In primary health care services there are many factors which may impact on and influence the quality of antenatal care. For example with the implementation of the comprehensive primary health care services package (Department of Health, 2001a:21-35) changes at clinic level resulted in a large number of primary health care professional nurses having to provide antenatal care, who previously may only have worked with one aspect of the primary health care package such as minor ailments or childcare. Because skills of midwifery or antenatal care, had not been practiced by some of these professional nurses, perhaps since completion of basic training, their level of competence has declined, and they have not been exposed to new developments in the field of midwifery. The practice of primary health care nurses is also influenced by the impact of diseases not specifically related to pregnancy like HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis. The principles of quality antenatal care are known (Chalmers et al. 2001:203) but despite the knowledge about these principles the maternal and perinatal mortality remains high. The Basic Antenatal Care quality improvement package is designed to assist clinical management and decision making in antenatal care. The implementation of the BANC package may influence the quality of antenatal care positively, which in turn may impact on the outcome of pregnancy for the mother and her baby. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Basic antenatal care (BANC) package to improve the quality of antenatal care at primary health care clinics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Experiences and mentoring needs of novice nurse educators at a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Sodidi, Khanyisa Annelice
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Nurse educators -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape College student development programs Nursing students
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23175 , vital:30450
- Description: The nurse educator role is challenging to novice nurse educators and even more so when mentorship is lacking or ineffective. Novice nurse educators who enter the academic world are expected to demonstrate knowledge of both the clinical and classroom environment. Such an expectation creates role strain, stress and frustration. Mentorship has proved to make this entry easier. There appears to be a lack of mentorship for newly-appointed nurse educators in most schools and/or departments of nursing at higher education institutions in South Africa. This phenomenon prompted the researcher to investigate the experiences and mentoring needs of novice nurse educators with the goal of making recommendations on the mentorship of novice nurse educators. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual design and phenomenological approach was used to explore and describe the experiences and mentoring needs of novice nurse educators at a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape. Purposive sampling of nurse educators with less than five years’ experience at a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape, South Africa and with no experience, or less than one year’s previous experience as a nurse educator at any other nursing education institution (NEI) was used. Data was collected using face-to-face, semi-structured individual interviews and unstructured observations. Sixteen in-depth, semistructured interviews that were digitally recorded provided saturated data that was then transcribed verbatim. To ensure that the study was trustworthy, the researcher used Guba and Lincoln’s criteria, namely: credibility, confirmability, dependability and transferability. Ethical standards were maintained throughout the study as the researcher complied with the ethical principles: respect for persons, beneficence and justice. Tesch’s method of thematic analysis was used by the researcher and the independent coder to analyse data and to draw meaning from the content. The five themes that emerged from the data were: novice nurse educators experience challenges related to theoretical mentoring; novice nurse educators experience challenges related to clinical mentoring; novice nurse educators experience a lack of orientation; novice nurse educators experience a lack of resources and novice nurse educators provide recommendations in order to optimise the experience and performance of the novice nurse educators in their first year of teaching at a nursing college. The results of the study reveal that novice nurse educators have reservations about their experiences. Their insights on how their mentoring needs could have been realized were incorporated into recommendations for the mentoring of novice nurse educators. These recommendations can be adopted at local, provincial, and national levels.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Sodidi, Khanyisa Annelice
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Nurse educators -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape College student development programs Nursing students
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23175 , vital:30450
- Description: The nurse educator role is challenging to novice nurse educators and even more so when mentorship is lacking or ineffective. Novice nurse educators who enter the academic world are expected to demonstrate knowledge of both the clinical and classroom environment. Such an expectation creates role strain, stress and frustration. Mentorship has proved to make this entry easier. There appears to be a lack of mentorship for newly-appointed nurse educators in most schools and/or departments of nursing at higher education institutions in South Africa. This phenomenon prompted the researcher to investigate the experiences and mentoring needs of novice nurse educators with the goal of making recommendations on the mentorship of novice nurse educators. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual design and phenomenological approach was used to explore and describe the experiences and mentoring needs of novice nurse educators at a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape. Purposive sampling of nurse educators with less than five years’ experience at a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape, South Africa and with no experience, or less than one year’s previous experience as a nurse educator at any other nursing education institution (NEI) was used. Data was collected using face-to-face, semi-structured individual interviews and unstructured observations. Sixteen in-depth, semistructured interviews that were digitally recorded provided saturated data that was then transcribed verbatim. To ensure that the study was trustworthy, the researcher used Guba and Lincoln’s criteria, namely: credibility, confirmability, dependability and transferability. Ethical standards were maintained throughout the study as the researcher complied with the ethical principles: respect for persons, beneficence and justice. Tesch’s method of thematic analysis was used by the researcher and the independent coder to analyse data and to draw meaning from the content. The five themes that emerged from the data were: novice nurse educators experience challenges related to theoretical mentoring; novice nurse educators experience challenges related to clinical mentoring; novice nurse educators experience a lack of orientation; novice nurse educators experience a lack of resources and novice nurse educators provide recommendations in order to optimise the experience and performance of the novice nurse educators in their first year of teaching at a nursing college. The results of the study reveal that novice nurse educators have reservations about their experiences. Their insights on how their mentoring needs could have been realized were incorporated into recommendations for the mentoring of novice nurse educators. These recommendations can be adopted at local, provincial, and national levels.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018