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'n Ontleding van die reisgedigte van Joan Hambidge in 'Visums by verstek'

- Koen, Dewald

  • Authors: Koen, Dewald
  • Date: 2011
  • Subjects: African literature , Authors, African , Travel writing
  • Language: Afrikaans
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:8462 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010652 , African literature , Authors, African , Travel writing
  • Description: Reisbeskrywings, en veral die reispoësie as genre, het met die aanbreek van die twintigste eeu „n opbloei binne die Afrikaanse letterkunde beleef. Talle Afrikaanse skrywers en digters het na verskillende kontinente gereis en hul ondervindinge in roman, dagboek of joernaalvorm aangeteken. Die Afrikaanse skrywers sluit hulself gevolglik aan by die tradisie van die reisbeskrywing wat reeds eeue lank deel vorm van die globale literêre kanon. Reispoësie kom veral voor in die werk van digters soos C. Louis Leipoldt, Uys Krige, W.E.G. Louw, N.P. van Wyk Louw, D.J. Opperman, Breyten Breytenbach, Lina Spies, Petra Muller, Joan Hambidge en meer onlangs Melt Myburgh. Dit is veral Hambidge wat oor reis in haar poësie skryf. In 2011 verskyn „n versameling van Hambidge se reisgedigte wat sedert 1985-2010 in van haar bundels verskyn het onder die titel Visums by verstek – ‘n Keur uit die reisgedigte van Joan Hambidge. Hambidge bespreek sekere deurlopende temas in haar gedigte. Die temas sluit in: die poësie en die verhouding tussen die liefde en die poësie, die mens as alleenreisiger deur die wêreld, die dood en die huldiging van gestorwenes asook die beskrywing van sekere gebeurtenisse in die wêreldgeskiedenis. In hierdie skripsie word gefokus op die ontleding van Hambidge se reisgedigte wat onder drie verwante temas bespreek word naamlik die stad as vreemde rumite, reis as metafoor vir ontvlugting van die geliefde en reis as kreatiewe stimulus. Hierdie ondersoek geskied aan die hand van onder meer Pratt se konsep van “kontaksones”. Reispoësie word binne die konteks van globalisasie as „n belangrike bron van inligting en inspirasie beskou aangesien dit tot „n nuwe geslag wêreldreisigers spreek wat opnuut die literêre waarde van die reisbeskrywing- en poësie ontdek het.
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  • Date Issued: 2011

Teachers' perceptions of participative management in a primary school in Namibia

- Kambonde, Samuel Angaleni

  • Authors: Kambonde, Samuel Angaleni
  • Date: 2008
  • Subjects: Education, Elementary -- Namibia Teachers -- Namibia School management and organization -- Namibia Educational leadership -- Namibia
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
  • Identifier: vital:1795 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003680
  • Description: Participative management, a key theme in contemporary management literature, is one of the central aims of the decentralization policy in Namibian education. Current perceptions of participative management on the part of teachers in Namibia are therefore of topical interest. This study set out to explore such perceptions among teachers in a Namibian primary school. The study is an interpretive case study focusing on six individual teachers’ understanding and experience of participative management within their place of work, a primary school in the Oshikoto region of Namibia. Semi-structured interviews, observation and document analysis were used to gather data. The study revealed a strong sense of commitment among the respondents to participative management and its accompanying practices, such as shared decision making and broad stakeholder involvement. Participative management was implemented chiefly through a committee structure for school organisation and government. Respondents also highlighted challenges facing participative management, such as the persistence of autocratic leadership, conflicts of interest in decision making, laziness and unwillingness among staff members, and a lack of understanding among parents concerning their role in the schooling of their children. HIV/AIDS was also seen to pose challenges to the free and frequent participation of stakeholders. The chief recommendation arising from these findings is that school leaders and managers’ understanding of tenets of participative management, such as site-based management and democratic management approaches, requires improvement and development.
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  • Date Issued: 2008

Psychological capital as a moderator of the relationship between workplace conflict and organisational citizenship behaviour among administrative staff at the University of Fort Hare

- Motema, Boiketlo

  • Authors: Motema, Boiketlo
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Organizational behavior Employees -- Attitudes Organizational effectiveness
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18565 , vital:42609
  • Description: This study investigated psychological capital (PsyCap) as a mediator of the relationship between workplace conflict (WC) and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). The study was based on equity theory as well as the social exchange theory. The sample encompassed of 151 administrative staff members from the University of Fort Hare (Alice, Bhisho and East London campuses) in the Eastern Cape Province. Argentero, Cortese, and Ferretti (2008) organisational citizenship behaviour questionnaire was employed to assess OCB; the Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale (ICAWS) was employed to assess workplace conflict; and Luthans, Avolio, Avey, and Norman’s (2007) psychological capital questionnaire by McGee (2011) was employed to assess psychological capital. In terms of data analysis, a descriptive analysis, correlational analysis together with simple linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression models were applied using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The findings indicated a negative relationship between workplace conflict and organisational citizenship behaviour. Thus, for the purpose of enhancing extra-role behaviours amongst staff members, the management of the institution needs to ensure equitable compensation, rewards, and benefits amongst workers. This is vital because should the employees perceive that inequity exists, they will fight for fairness and justice, and if they are not heard, it will result in workplace conflict.
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  • Date Issued: 2020

Oversight for accountable governance in selected municipalities in the Eastern Cape province

- Gashi, Kayaletu

Michael Jackson : a psychobiography

- Ruiters, Jeremy John

  • Authors: Ruiters, Jeremy John
  • Date: 2014
  • Subjects: Jackson, Michael, 1958-2009 , Psychology -- Biographical methods , Psychoanalysis , African American singers -- Biography
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3228 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013061
  • Description: In a psychobiography a psychological theory is used as a framework to uncover the story of an individual. The psychobiographical approach to research tends to be underutilised. The result of this is that an important area for the application of psychobiographical theory and the study of completed lives is neglected. The value of psychobiographical studies has been advocated by many scholars in the field of psychobiographical research for the development and testing of theories relating to human development. The subject under investigation in this psychobiography is Michael Jackson. Although much has been written about Jackson, not much of the existing literature adopts a psychological focus. The sampling procedure was purposive, as the subject was deliberately selected. The aim of this research was to explore and describe the life of Jackson through the use of the psychobiographical case method. Life history material in the form of biographies, newspaper articles, documentaries and interviews aided in creating a biographical sketch of Jackson's life. The progression of Jackson's personality development was analysed using Erikson’s psychosocial development theory. The data collection and analysis were conducted according to Yin's analytical generalisation which consists of two main strategies: (1) using a theoretical framework as a guide to determine what data are relevant, and (2) developing a matrix as a descriptive framework for organising and integrating the data. Furthermore, the process of data analysis was aided by the use of guidelines prepared by Alexander with Erikson’s psychosocial development as the theoretical framework. This research undertaking can be recognised as a positive demonstration of the value of Erikson’s psychosocial developmental theory in understanding the process of Michael Jackson's personality development. Recommendations regarding future research that utilises the psychobiographical research design and methodology have been made.
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  • Date Issued: 2014

A discussion of the concept, “place of effective management” and the proposed changes, in the context of South African tax law

- Singh, Nishika

  • Authors: Singh, Nishika
  • Date: 2016
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4166 , vital:20629
  • Description: The concept, “place of effective management”, is used in South African tax legislation to determine the residency of companies and it is also used by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and in many tax treaties as a tie-breaker clause to determine the residency of companies that may appear to be dual resident or to determine which country has the taxing rights to income that may be subject to double tax due to the income being from a source outside of the company’s country of residence. The concept is not defined in any tax legislation and there is no uniform interpretation of the concept globally. The former guidance provided by the South African Revenue Services (SARS) adopted a hierarchal approach and the focus was the implementation of the Board of Directors’ decisions. This interpretation was not aligned to the guidance of the OECD whose focus is the place where the key management and commercial decisions of the entity are made. The current SARS guidance has been aligned to the OECD guidance and, essentially, the core principle is to determine who makes the key commercial and management decisions of the company and the place where these individuals are making these decisions. The current SARS and OECD guidance have now been aligned. The current SARS and OECD interpretations have been found to be a more effective tie-breaker clause than the former interpretations.
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  • Date Issued: 2016

The role of intergovernmental relations in municipal integrated development planning: case of Buffalo City Metropolitan municipality, Eastern Cape

- Vongwe, Pumla Patricia

  • Authors: Vongwe, Pumla Patricia
  • Date: 2014
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1213 , vital:26536
  • Description: The primary aim of this study was to assess the role of intergovernmental relations structures in municipal integrated development planning in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. There are three spheres of government in South Africa, which include the national, provincial and local governments. These spheres are modelled to co-operate and support each other through the structures of intergovernmental relations (hereafter referred to as “IGR”). The IGR structures were given an institutional and statutory expression through the Intergovernmental Relations Framework Act 13 of 2005. The IGR structures are a set of formal and informal processes through which bilateral and multi-lateral co-operation can be achieved, thereby ensuring the existence of the three spheres of government. The study asserts that the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality lacks the co-ordination of integrated development planning (IDP) activities to promote proper and efficient service delivery. Section 41 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (1996) (as amended), states that co-operation must establish or provide structures and institutions to promote and facilitate intergovernmental relations, and to provide for appropriate mechanisms and procedures to facilitate the settlement of intergovernmental disputes. The study adopted a mixed-method of research paradigms, in which both qualitative and quantitative research paradigms were utilized to assess the challenges facing the IGR structures at Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (hereafter referred to as “the municipality and BCMM”). The data were collected from a sample of 30 respondents – by carefully using judgmental and snowball sampling. Questionnaires, interviews, and documentary analysis were used as the sources of the data collection. The findings were analyzed, according to the same data collection techniques. The study found that there is legislation and structures to assist the municipality in directing integrated development planning (IDP) activities within the BCMM. The IDP involves a wide range of role players – from both inside and outside the municipality. The IGR structures are in existence; but they are non-performing, according to Intergovernmental Relations Framework Act 13 (2005) (hereafter referred to as “IGRFA”). There is a lack of political commitment in establishing the IGR structures, and a lack of information-sharing, and so forth. The study thus recommends that the BCMM should establish permanent and contractual positions; improve communication and information flow; establish a hierarchy of monitoring and evaluation systems and processes; and forge a strong partnership with the community-based organizations (hereafter referred to as “CBOs”) and the non-governmental organizations (hereafter referred to as “NGOs”). This would ensure that the IDP processes are linked to the councillors’ wards, and that the actions of programmes are known by the role players; thus this would focus on the participation and the co-ordination of the IGR structures.
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  • Date Issued: 2014

An anthropoligical Inquiry on knowledge and understanding of Diabetes: a cultural analysis of knowledge construction amongst the youth in Humewood, Port Elizabeth

- Bota, Zizipho

  • Authors: Bota, Zizipho
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: Diabetes -- Port Elizabeth --South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46659 , vital:39606
  • Description: The study sought to inquire about the youth’s knowledge and understanding of diabetes in relation to its different types with regards to determined societal components such as education, culture, healthcare and socioeconomic status. It then became important to establish what the youth in Humewood, Port Elizabeth, understand about diabetes in relation to its three different types with regard to education, culture, healthcare and socioeconomic status in Humewood, Port Elizabeth. Previous studies have failed to inquire about knowledge construction and understanding of diabetes in Port Elizabeth, this provided an opportunity to do so, especially since diabetes is growing rapidly and is a lifelong illness. Most studies tend to focus on disseminating information to those that already have diabetes, overlooking the importance of diabetes education as a preventative strategy. The research followed a qualitative approach which included semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews as a method of data collection amongst ten participants using convenience sampling. The data revealed the importance of diabetes education and representation, and showed that financial standing and healthcare are interconnected. Complex inferiorities and social stratification hinder the betterment of the general welfare and therefore signifying social injustice. This research is an important contribution to medical anthropology in the context of Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
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  • Date Issued: 2020

The design and construction of a recording spectrometer for the measurement of fluorescence excitation spectra in the vacuum ultra-violet region

- Davidson, A T

  • Authors: Davidson, A T
  • Date: 1963
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:21177 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6761
  • Description: Summary: A recording spectrometer for the measurement of fluorescence excitation spectra in the visible and ultra-violet regions of the spectrum is described. A direct method of modulating the hydrogen light source of the spectrograph is presented, whereby the discharge is driven by an A.C. power oscillator. The use of tuned amplifiers in the detecting unit is investigated as a means of eliminating the D.C. component of the dark current. Aspects of the modulation method are discussed. Fluorescence and energy transfer in aromatic hydrocarbon is discussed with particular regard to anthracene. Some absorption, fluorescence, excitation and reflection spectra of anthracene obtained by previous workers are presented9 together with Tables listing the wavelengths of principal maxima for the above spectra published in the literature. Features of the excitation spectrum of anthracene are discussed and are related to its absorption and fluorescence spectra. The role of surface effects, defects and impurities are discussed in relation to the fluorescence of anthracene. The method of A.C. detection was unable to resolve the excitation spectrum of anthracene due to the high noise level associated with the method. However, peaks in the ultra-violet region of the hydrogen molecular spectrum were recorded at a modulation frequency of 400 Kc/sec. The noise level is explained and ways of improving the signal to noise ratio of the A.C. detection system are suggested. It is concluded that D.C. detection is a simpler and more direct way of measuring excitation spectra. No modulated signals were detected when the hydrogen discharge was excited at 6·5 Mc/sec. Signals were recorded at modulation frequencies of 400 Kc/sec . The degree of modulation at 400 Kc/sec. increased with decrease in the pressure of the hydrogen discharge.
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  • Date Issued: 1963

Towards a sustainable bioprocess for the remediation of acid mine drainage

- Mambo, Mutsa Prudence

  • Authors: Mambo, Mutsa Prudence
  • Date: 2011
  • Subjects: Acid mine drainage , Algae culture , Reduction (Chemistry) , Hydrolysis , ASPAM model (Acid mine drainage) , Water -- Purification
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:5955 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006167 , Acid mine drainage , Algae culture , Reduction (Chemistry) , Hydrolysis , ASPAM model (Acid mine drainage) , Water -- Purification
  • Description: Acid mine drainage is of growing concern for both developing and developed economies. Thus there is increasing pressure to develop alternative remediation strategies. Biological sulphidogenic mechanisms have long since been studied but, very few have been implemented on a large scale. Limitations are due to the inability to acquire a suitable, low cost, environmentally friendly, renewable carbon source. The present study investigated the use of an algae biomass generated by the HRAOP of an IAPS as a carbon source for the EBRU 00AB/06 SRB consortium. The algae biomass and consortium were utilized together to remediate simulated AMD. Remediation involved decreasing the sulphate and metal concentrations in solution and decreasing the acidity of a simulated AMD. Experiments were carried out to investigate the capability of the EBRU 00AB/06 SRB consortium for sulphate reduction and sulphide generation. The consortium produced colonies when grown under anaerobic conditions in Petri dishes containing modified lactate SRB medium. The SRB consortium reduced the sulphate concentration of modified Postgates medium B and generated sulphide. Further analysis of the EBRU 00AB/06 SRB consortium revealed that the consortium was minimally impacted at pH 5 and by sulphate and iron at 3 g.L-1 and 0.5 g.L-1 respectively. The EBRU 00AB/06 SRB consortium was exposed to Actinomycin D and Ethidium Bromide to determine whether transcription and translation of proteins was required for sulphate reduction. Results indicated that sulphide generation and sulphate reduction were inducible. Analysis of the algae biomass used in this study revealed the empirical formula C1.0H1.91N0.084S0.003O0.36 indicating a carbon source rich in the nutrients required to sustain microbial development. Light microscopy revealed that algae cell walls and in particular those of Pediastrum were susceptible to acid hydrolysis. Dinitrosalicylic acid, Nile red, Bradford and Ninhydrin assays were used to determine the reducing sugar, lipid, protein and amino acid content respectively, of the mixed algae biomass. Results showed that upon exposure of the biomass to simulated AMD at pH 1 and pH 3, the concentration of reducing sugars and amino acids in solution increased. Whereas levels of lipids remained unchanged while the protein concentration decreased, indicating that, upon exposure of algae biomass to AMD, simulated or otherwise, cells ruptured, proteins were hydrolyzed and polysaccharides were broken down to sugars which are immediately available for SRB utilization. Exposure of biomass to simulated AMD revealed further that the presence of algae biomass increased the pH of simulated AMD (pH 3) to pH 7.67 after 4 d. Likewise, the pH of simulated AMD at 1 increased to 1.77 after 2 d while pH of the neutral control increased to 8.1 after 4 d. A direct comparison between lactate and algae biomass revealed 94 % sulphate removal after 23 d in the presence of algae biomass while 82 % sulphate removal was measured in the presence of lactate. Thus the EBRU 00AB/06 SRB consortium successfully utilized algae biomass for sulphate reduction and sulphide generation. In another experiment to establish if the consortium could remediate simulated AMD (pH 5) containing 0.5 g.L-1 iron and 3 g.L-1 sulphate while utilizing an algae biomass as the carbon source no residual iron was detected after 14 d and by day 23, an 89.07 % reduction in sulphate was measured. The results of this investigation are discussed in terms of utilizing a readily available and renewable biomass in the form of microalgae produced in HRAOPs as an effective carbon source in the SRB catalysed remediation of AMD.
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  • Date Issued: 2011

Twistors in curved space

- Ward, R S (Richard Samuel), 1951-

  • Authors: Ward, R S (Richard Samuel), 1951-
  • Date: 1975
  • Subjects: Twistor theory , Space and time
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:5429 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013472
  • Description: From the Introduction, p. 1. During the past decade, the theory of twistors has been introduced and developed, primarily by Professor Roger Penrose, as part of a long-term program aimed at resolving certain difficulties in present-day physical theory. These difficulties include, firstly, the problem of combining quantum mechanics and general relativity, and, secondly, the question of whether the concept of a continuum is at all relevant to physics. Most models of space-time used in general relativity employ the idea of a manifold consisting of a continuum of points. This feature of the models has often been criticised, on the grounds that physical observations are essentially discrete in nature; for reasons that are mathematical, rather than physical, the gaps between these observations are filled in a continuous fashion (see, for example, Schrodinger (I), pp.26-31). Although analysis (in its generally accepted form) demands that quantities should take on a continuous range of values, physics, as such,does not make such a demand. The situation in quantum mechanics is not all that much better since, although some quantities such as angular momentum can only take on certain discrete values, one still has to deal with the complex continuum of probability amplitudes. From this point of view it would be desirable to have all physical laws expressed in terms of combinatorial mathematics, rather than in terms of (standard) analysis.
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  • Date Issued: 1975

The talisman

- Reed, Graham Conan

Art and investment a study on how investment in art affects the contemporary artist in South Africa

- Jones, Caroline Elizabeth

Saligia

- Strydom, Gideon Louwrens

An investigation of the factors necessary in the development of a retention strategy for a financial organization

- Gouws, Erika

  • Authors: Gouws, Erika
  • Date: 2013-07-01
  • Subjects: Employee retention Organizational change Personnel management Discrimination in employment -- Law and legislation Employee motivation Incentives in industry Employee morale Employees -- Rating of
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3181 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008198
  • Description: rhe research study investigated the factors necessary for the development of an organizational retention ;trategy for a financial organization pertaining to key equity employees. Equity employees are those employees jescribed as such in the Employment Equity Act 55 of(1998). Bussin's (2002) Total Rewards Model was used as the theoretical framework for the study. The investigation was conducted within an interpretive paradigm and employed a qualitative methodology. Thematic analysis was used in the interpretation of the three data sources gained access through the data collection process. A previously completed employee relationship audit's findings, and the data derived from nine exit interviews formed the basis for the twenty-four semi-structured individual interviews, which were conducted with a sample ofthe employees. A purposive sampling technique enabled the identification of particular employees, who were the equity participants in the study. An additional component of the Total Rewards Model, namely Talent Management was identified from an analysis of the results. Six salient factors were highlighted in the investigation. The factors identified were: A need for a short-term incentive plan, which would provide recognition above and beyond an employee's monthly salary. The need for career development opportunities. The utilization of new skills from the training initiated by the organization. The representation of women and Black people in senior management positions. The need for formal performance support. The standardization of the recruitment process, the management of unrealistic or unattainable expectations and listening to employees' concerns. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
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The impact of inbound logistics activities on the operational performance of the postal services organization in South Africa

- Tabeni, Mvelo

  • Authors: Tabeni, Mvelo
  • Date: 2006
  • Subjects: South African Post Office Postal service -- South Africa Business logistics Business logistics -- Cost effectiveness Delivery of goods -- Management Physical distribution of goods Customer services -- Management
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
  • Identifier: vital:797 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004577
  • Description: Introduction and Relevant Details: This research investigates the impact of inbound logistics' activities on the operational performance of the business within the branches of the South African Post Office (SAPO) in the Eastern Cape Province. The study basically hypothesises a statistically significant positive correlation between inbound logistics' activities and the operational performance of the business with regards to revenue generation and operational costs in particular. A sample of 100 branch offices was randomly selected. A 50-item questionnaire was administered by mail to the branches to collect the data during September 2005, and statistical tests for correlation were conducted on at least five dependent variables; stock procurement costs, effects on revenue, number of stock variation occurrences, order variation occurrences and the stock holding effects. Results of Data Analysis: The results of 88 respondents (88%) showed the existence of the significant positive relationship between the inbound logistics activities and the operational performance of the business at the South African Post Office branches as proposed by the study. The Spearman Rank Correlation tests were above 0.7 for most of the tested variables, showing a strong relationship. The inbound logistics' activities were also found to be positively correlated to revenue generation as well as to the operational expenses of the business. Conclusion and Recommendations: The findings allowed the researcher to conclude also that whatever improvements are made to the inbound logistics will also impact on the operational performance of the business, while failures in the inbound logistics will do so negatively. Business endeavours to maximise revenue and minimise costs are directly affected by the inbound logistics' activities. The branches of the SAPO seemed to be dissatisfied with most of the services rendered by the Supply Distribution Centre (SOC) of the SAPO, and such services have negatively affected the achievement of revenue targets at the branches as well as the operational costs. Holistic approaches to developing positive perceptions in the branches together with improving service activities at the SOC are recommended. Collaborative initiatives between branches and the SOC, reviewing the lead-times and the establishment of proper structures to handle supply chain queries, enhanced by information system technology to provide accurate and up-to-date information to branches and related parties about stock order issues are required . Areas of further research highlighted include the inbound logistics' activities of the SOC and the effectiveness of company policies as a guide to Supply Chain Management (SCM).
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  • Date Issued: 2006

Market participation effect on profitability of Zanyokhwe and Melani irrigation schemes in Eastern Cape province of South Africa

- Qapeshu, Sipumle

  • Authors: Qapeshu, Sipumle
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Farms, Small -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MAgric
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15639 , vital:40493
  • Description: Profit accumulation is one of the key benefits associated with market access. However, market access tend to be the major challenge to many smallholder farmers and that ends up influencing their profitability. Irrigation schemes became one of the coping mechanisms for such farmers whereby they work collectively with the aim of overcoming the various technical and institutional constraints they confront. This study examined how profitability is influenced by market participation of irrigation schemes by identifying the market structures used by irrigation schemes and describing the challenges encountered by smallholder irrigation scheme members who operate in those markets and assessing the profitability of the identified market. Primary data were collected using a comprehensive questionnaire made up of both open and closed ended questions. Data were collected from two irrigation schemes namely: Melani irrigation scheme (Alice – Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality) and Zanyokhwe irrigation scheme (Keiskammahoek – Amahlathi Local Municipality). Multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select 100 respondents. SPSS (version 22) and Microsoft Excel computer programmes were employed to conduct the wide range of descriptive and inferential analyses involved. Frequencies, percentages and means were used for the descriptive results to describe the general characteristics (example: gender, age, marital status and level of education) and socioeconomic features of the respondents. A regression model (Binary logistic model) was done to examine how profitability is influenced by market participation. Furthermore, Gross Margin Analysis was conducted to find out the profitability of the market structures used by these irrigation schemes. The descriptive results showed that there is a relationship between profitability and market participation of smallholder irrigation schemes in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, by participate on markets this can improve the livelihood of farmers. The binary logistic regression model results revealed that there are five significant variables at different statistical levels. Age (10percent), years of schooling (1percent), distance to markets (1percent), farming experience (5percent) and the household income at (10percent) had a statistically significant influence on the market participation decision. These findings suggest that an improvement in each of the significant variables can significantly influence farmer market participation decisions. Furthermore, based on the results of the study, policy recommendations are suggested, including improving dissemination of market information to farmers, encouraging farmers to seek markets before production and encouraging farmers to add value to their produce. The Gross Margin Analysis that was performed showed that in Melani irrigation scheme farmers had positive gross margins and farmers in Zanyokhwe irrigation scheme had a negative gross margin. Therefore it can be concluded that the market that is available to Zanyokhwe irrigation scheme does not give good returns, suggesting a need for changing the market so as to ensure that farmers derive meaningful access. The study recommends the improvements to market participation through credit to low income farmers, formal training, market information, better price and tax policies for smallholder irrigation farming to ensure sustainable improvements in profitability of smallholder irrigation schemes.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

The holy spirit in the theology of St. Luke

- Paterson, Torquil

  • Authors: Paterson, Torquil
  • Date: 1977
  • Subjects: Bible. Luke -- Criticism, interpretation, etc. , Holy Spirit -- Biblical teaching
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BDiv
  • Identifier: vital:1265 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013007
  • Description: The essay consists of five main chapters with an introduction and conclusion. This defines the limits of the essay and explains the methodology employed. These chapters are examined particularly with reference to the Spirit as the agent of fulfillment of the old, and the inaugurator of the new. 'The main text examined is Lk. 1.35. The Spirit is shown to be also used in a skillful linking and differentiation of John the Baptist and Jesus. Through a fairly detailed synoptic comparison, the peculiarly Lukan emphasis is brought to light. The Baptism is linked with 1.35 and the Transfiguration. Again both the Baptism and Temptation are shown to be seen in the light of the fulfillment of the Old Covenant. All the lines of fulfilment join together in the Spirit's descent on Jesus. The immediate result of this is the testing of his Messiahship, and Proclamation in the synagogue of Nazareth. This proclamation is coupled with the Luken rejection motif. The Spirit is seen to be especially involved in Jesus' ministries of exorcism and healing, but also in his preaching and teaching. The position of Lk 4.18-19 is seen to be of great importance. The main problem is the lack of specific reference to the Spirit. This is resolved in similar fashion to the question of the Messianic Secret. The relation of the apostles to the spirit is also discussed, since this is relevant to the ministry of the Church. Firstly the relation between the Transfiguration and Ascension is examined. This points to the fundamental centrality of the Ascension in Luke's theology. Pentecost is then seen as the fulfilling of the Ascension in the Church. Secondly, as a minor theme, the resurrection appearances are looked into and the similarities with Johannine thought are noted. This raises the question of the historicity of the Lukan schematization. In the examination of Pentecost itself the problem of the quotation from Joel and also the relation of Pentecost to the founding of the Church and the Gentile mission are raised. The Spirit is revealed to be active in two main areas : (1) the mission of the Church in evangelization - this is especialy seen in the areas of preaching, miracles and the life of the Church ; (2) the establishing and justification of the Gentile mission - this overriding concern is shown to obscure the other functions of the Spirit especially in the realm of Baptism and the Christian life of the individual. Thus Luke's historical sense is seen to be coupled with a theological desire to justify and bolster the Gentile mission. This draws out the various conclusions within the essay. The question of 'salvation-history' is raised and a solution found in terms of Luke's use of the Spirit. In broad outline the schema of Conzelmann is accepted. The Lukan eschatology is mentioned in an attempt to find a solution to questions raised by the comparison of Luke with Paul and John. This comparison is only meant to place the main conclusions of the essay within the context of the wider New Testament.
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  • Date Issued: 1977

Investigation of strategies employed in rural households to improve food security in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality : a case of Zihlahleni Location in Middledrift, Eastern Cape Province

- Gqozo, Odwa

  • Authors: Gqozo, Odwa
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Food security -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Rural development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Households -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10758 , vital:35752
  • Description: Eastern Cape is one of the provinces experiencing a rapid increase in food prices while household income is increasing at a slower rate. Against this background, the main objective of this study was to investigate strategies used by rural households to improve food security in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality formally known as Nkonkobe in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Data were collected from 100 households using a questionnaire as the main instrument by using simple random sampling. Data were analyzed by employing simple descriptive statistics to describe household food security. Results revealed that most (50.3percent) households that were interviewed were male headed and unemployment was high (73.6percent). Moreover, the average age of the interviewed household heads was 59 years. Most (68percent) of the households owned home gardens and had access to arable land which was not being cultivated. Most (87percent) households indicated that lack of capital was the main cause of food security and depended on government grants. Most (100percent) of the interviewed household heads depend mostly on food purchases rather than their own production. The recommendation is that the government should continue fostering its agenda of improving agriculture as a strategy in rural households for curbing food insecurity.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Composition portfolio

- Richard, Paul Christian Patrice

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