Responsive integrative treatment of PTSD and trauma related disorders : an expanded evidence-based model
- Authors: Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6223 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007679
- Description: In this article a practitioner oriented review of the literature on the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder is used to construct a phase-based model that can serve as a basis for case formulation and treatment planning. Treatments shown to be efficacious in randomized controlled trials are listed and two discourses about them are contrasted. One calls for therapists to implement treatments scrupulously according to the manual, the other calls for flexibility and responsiveness to contextual understanding of the situation and personality of individual clients. Evidence for the centrality of the principles of this latter discourse for professional practice is summarized from work on case formulation, standards for therapist competence, and the concept of evidence-based practice. This provides the foundation for a model for treatment of PTSD, both simple and complex, that has five levels which represent increasing degrees of depth of clinical work. In accordance with the phased approach, conditions at one level need to be satisfied before proceeding to work on a deeper level. At each level specific areas of clinical focus are highlighted including risk management (at level 1), building the therapeutic alliance (at level 2) and trauma-focused work (at level 3). The model serves as a broad structured summary of accumulated clinical knowledge about PTSD and its treatment that provides an evidence-based foundation for assessment and treatment planning.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6223 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007679
- Description: In this article a practitioner oriented review of the literature on the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder is used to construct a phase-based model that can serve as a basis for case formulation and treatment planning. Treatments shown to be efficacious in randomized controlled trials are listed and two discourses about them are contrasted. One calls for therapists to implement treatments scrupulously according to the manual, the other calls for flexibility and responsiveness to contextual understanding of the situation and personality of individual clients. Evidence for the centrality of the principles of this latter discourse for professional practice is summarized from work on case formulation, standards for therapist competence, and the concept of evidence-based practice. This provides the foundation for a model for treatment of PTSD, both simple and complex, that has five levels which represent increasing degrees of depth of clinical work. In accordance with the phased approach, conditions at one level need to be satisfied before proceeding to work on a deeper level. At each level specific areas of clinical focus are highlighted including risk management (at level 1), building the therapeutic alliance (at level 2) and trauma-focused work (at level 3). The model serves as a broad structured summary of accumulated clinical knowledge about PTSD and its treatment that provides an evidence-based foundation for assessment and treatment planning.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
From panic disorder to complex traumatic stress disorder : retrospective reflections on the case of Tariq
- Authors: Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6234 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007784
- Description: This is a phenomenological-hermeneutic case study of Tariq who initially presented with panic disorder. It documents how, as therapy proceeded, the underlying meaning of his initial panic deepened as its roots in traumatic memories of childhood emerged. There were four spaced phases of treatment over four years. The first focused on anxiety management; the second was conceptualized within schema-focused therapy, and evoked and worked with childhood memories using inner child guided imagery; in the third and fourth phases insights gained led to an authentic re-engagement with family members in relationships that had been problematic. The panic attacks resolved and there were two dreams representing a reconfiguring of his relationship with his deceased father. The first two phases were the focus of an unpublished case study presented at a conference in 1995. This article incorporates material from that study and looks back at the case both in light of developments in phases two and three and also in light of theoretical developments in our understanding of complex trauma since the initial presentation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6234 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007784
- Description: This is a phenomenological-hermeneutic case study of Tariq who initially presented with panic disorder. It documents how, as therapy proceeded, the underlying meaning of his initial panic deepened as its roots in traumatic memories of childhood emerged. There were four spaced phases of treatment over four years. The first focused on anxiety management; the second was conceptualized within schema-focused therapy, and evoked and worked with childhood memories using inner child guided imagery; in the third and fourth phases insights gained led to an authentic re-engagement with family members in relationships that had been problematic. The panic attacks resolved and there were two dreams representing a reconfiguring of his relationship with his deceased father. The first two phases were the focus of an unpublished case study presented at a conference in 1995. This article incorporates material from that study and looks back at the case both in light of developments in phases two and three and also in light of theoretical developments in our understanding of complex trauma since the initial presentation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Surface patterning using scanning electrochemical microscopy to locally trigger a “click” chemistry reaction
- Quinton, Damien, Maringa, Audacity, Griveau, Sophie, Nyokong, Tebello, Bedioui, Fethi
- Authors: Quinton, Damien , Maringa, Audacity , Griveau, Sophie , Nyokong, Tebello , Bedioui, Fethi
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7331 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020592
- Description: We report on the surface micropatterning of conductive surfaces via the electrochemical triggering of a click reaction, the copper(I) catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) by SECM via a two-step approach: (i) functionalization on the entire surface with azido-aryl groups by using the diazonium approach followed by (ii) the covalent linkage of alkyne-bearing ferrocene by CuAAC within a local area by SECM. More precisely, the click reaction was triggered by Cu(I) catalyst generation for 30 min at the SECM tip positioned ≈ 10 μm above the azido-aryl modified surface. The dimension of the spot obtained under these conditions was ≈ 75 μm. The electrochemical imaging by SECM of the ultra thin area locally clicked with ferrocene moieties was made thanks to the electrocatalytic properties of the ferrocene modified surface towards ferrocyanide electrooxidation. This local clicking procedure opens the gate to further controlled functionalization of restricted small substrates. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2013.03.021
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Quinton, Damien , Maringa, Audacity , Griveau, Sophie , Nyokong, Tebello , Bedioui, Fethi
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7331 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020592
- Description: We report on the surface micropatterning of conductive surfaces via the electrochemical triggering of a click reaction, the copper(I) catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) by SECM via a two-step approach: (i) functionalization on the entire surface with azido-aryl groups by using the diazonium approach followed by (ii) the covalent linkage of alkyne-bearing ferrocene by CuAAC within a local area by SECM. More precisely, the click reaction was triggered by Cu(I) catalyst generation for 30 min at the SECM tip positioned ≈ 10 μm above the azido-aryl modified surface. The dimension of the spot obtained under these conditions was ≈ 75 μm. The electrochemical imaging by SECM of the ultra thin area locally clicked with ferrocene moieties was made thanks to the electrocatalytic properties of the ferrocene modified surface towards ferrocyanide electrooxidation. This local clicking procedure opens the gate to further controlled functionalization of restricted small substrates. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2013.03.021
- Full Text: false
Form over function? The practical application of the Recognition of Customary Marriages Act 1998 in South Africa
- Authors: Kruuse, Helen
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/54094 , vital:26389 , http://journals.co.za/content/ju_jur/2013/1/EJC148455
- Description: The Recognition of Customary Marriages Act 120 of 1998 is a major legislative measure for the development of customary marriages in line with the constitutional principle of equality, specifically for women. The article explores the interactions between this ideal in the Act with empirical observations and the latest judicial decisions concerning its application. It considers various examples of the lack of protection of women in relationships of a customary nature, and it concludes that both the state and courts favour a formal or definitional approach to customary marriage. In considering alternative approaches that could adequately protect vulnerable parties, two conclusions emerge: First, the article recommends a wholesale revision of the South African family law approach from a focus on form to dependency. Second (and as a short-term measure), the article advocates for the putative marriage doctrine to be applied in the customary marriage context to protect many women who are denied access to 'customary marriage' as a form, and as a result, all of the benefits that flow from such marriage.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Kruuse, Helen
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/54094 , vital:26389 , http://journals.co.za/content/ju_jur/2013/1/EJC148455
- Description: The Recognition of Customary Marriages Act 120 of 1998 is a major legislative measure for the development of customary marriages in line with the constitutional principle of equality, specifically for women. The article explores the interactions between this ideal in the Act with empirical observations and the latest judicial decisions concerning its application. It considers various examples of the lack of protection of women in relationships of a customary nature, and it concludes that both the state and courts favour a formal or definitional approach to customary marriage. In considering alternative approaches that could adequately protect vulnerable parties, two conclusions emerge: First, the article recommends a wholesale revision of the South African family law approach from a focus on form to dependency. Second (and as a short-term measure), the article advocates for the putative marriage doctrine to be applied in the customary marriage context to protect many women who are denied access to 'customary marriage' as a form, and as a result, all of the benefits that flow from such marriage.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus using low symmetrically substituted phthalocyanines supported on a polystyrene polymer fiber
- Masilela, Nkosiphile, Kleyi, Phumelele, Tshentu, Zenixole, Priniotakis, Georgios, Westbroek, Philippe, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Masilela, Nkosiphile , Kleyi, Phumelele , Tshentu, Zenixole , Priniotakis, Georgios , Westbroek, Philippe , Nyokong, Tebello
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7330 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020591
- Description: This work reports on the antimicrobial photo-activities of a series of low symmetrically substituted phthalocyanine complexes in solution and in a fiber matrix. Phthalocyanine complexes were successfully electrospun into a polystyrene polymer. The fiber diameter ranged from 240 nm to 390 nm in average. The modified polymer fiber showed successful singlet oxygen production with the Ge monocarboxy phthalocyanine modified fiber giving the highest singlet oxygen quantum yield value of 0.46 due to lack of aggregation when in the polymer. All the unsymmetrically substituted complexes showed antimicrobial activity towards S. Aureus under illumination with visible light. The symmetrical ZnPc and ZnTPCPc showed no activity under illumination with light in the fiber matrix due to low singlet oxygen production. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2012.10.001
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Masilela, Nkosiphile , Kleyi, Phumelele , Tshentu, Zenixole , Priniotakis, Georgios , Westbroek, Philippe , Nyokong, Tebello
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7330 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020591
- Description: This work reports on the antimicrobial photo-activities of a series of low symmetrically substituted phthalocyanine complexes in solution and in a fiber matrix. Phthalocyanine complexes were successfully electrospun into a polystyrene polymer. The fiber diameter ranged from 240 nm to 390 nm in average. The modified polymer fiber showed successful singlet oxygen production with the Ge monocarboxy phthalocyanine modified fiber giving the highest singlet oxygen quantum yield value of 0.46 due to lack of aggregation when in the polymer. All the unsymmetrically substituted complexes showed antimicrobial activity towards S. Aureus under illumination with visible light. The symmetrical ZnPc and ZnTPCPc showed no activity under illumination with light in the fiber matrix due to low singlet oxygen production. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2012.10.001
- Full Text: false
Finding the best clay: experiences of rural potter Alice Gqa Nongebeza contextualised
- Authors: Steele, John
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1023 , vital:30216
- Description: When creating artefacts that belong in the material world artists choose specific raw materials for particular reasons, including that selected resources are accessible and well suited to fitness for purpose and expression of intentions. Many potters in Africa are engaged in zero electricity usage ceramics practice, and each creative cycle usually starts with extracting clay from local sites according to preferences and well established procedures that may sometimes include certain rituals. Ways in which some potters who source their own clay are particular about certain factors that are thought to be capable of influencing the effectiveness of physical properties of that raw material are explored, with particular reference to what is known about the practices of Eastern Cape potter Alice Gqa Nongebeza, of Nkonxeni Village [31°37‘59.66“S, 29°23‘22.26“E], Tombo, near Port St Johns. Specific choices enacted by potters when gathering and using clayey raw materials are considered in order to better understand some aspects of conceptual and social frameworks that may influence clay extraction procedures. Thus, by means of comparisons between particular potter’s practices, as well as through analysis of interview material and observed events, this paper aims to contextualise how it transpired, inter alia, that clay seams close to the Nongebeza homestead were ignored by her in favour of a relatively distant and almost inaccessible site that yielded a particular clay well suited to her unique firing style of placing raw ware onto an already roaring bonfire, thereby effectively creating pots for daily use and enjoyment
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Steele, John
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1023 , vital:30216
- Description: When creating artefacts that belong in the material world artists choose specific raw materials for particular reasons, including that selected resources are accessible and well suited to fitness for purpose and expression of intentions. Many potters in Africa are engaged in zero electricity usage ceramics practice, and each creative cycle usually starts with extracting clay from local sites according to preferences and well established procedures that may sometimes include certain rituals. Ways in which some potters who source their own clay are particular about certain factors that are thought to be capable of influencing the effectiveness of physical properties of that raw material are explored, with particular reference to what is known about the practices of Eastern Cape potter Alice Gqa Nongebeza, of Nkonxeni Village [31°37‘59.66“S, 29°23‘22.26“E], Tombo, near Port St Johns. Specific choices enacted by potters when gathering and using clayey raw materials are considered in order to better understand some aspects of conceptual and social frameworks that may influence clay extraction procedures. Thus, by means of comparisons between particular potter’s practices, as well as through analysis of interview material and observed events, this paper aims to contextualise how it transpired, inter alia, that clay seams close to the Nongebeza homestead were ignored by her in favour of a relatively distant and almost inaccessible site that yielded a particular clay well suited to her unique firing style of placing raw ware onto an already roaring bonfire, thereby effectively creating pots for daily use and enjoyment
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Physicochemical properties of a zinc phthalocyanine – pyrene conjugate adsorbed onto single walled carbon nanotubes
- Ogbodu, Racheal O, Antunes, Edith M, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Ogbodu, Racheal O , Antunes, Edith M , Nyokong, Tebello
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7328 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020589
- Description: A conjugate between zinc monoamino phthalocyanine (ZnMAPc) and pyrene (Py) represented as ZnMAPc–Py (complex 3) was synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and by elemental analysis. This manuscript also reports on the photochemical and photophysical properties of 3. This new compound exhibited higher triplet, fluorescence and singlet oxygen quantum yields in comparison to the phthalocyanine alone, hence showing the advantages of attaching pyrene to the Pc without breaking the conjugation. We also observed a decrease in photophysical parameters upon adsorbing the ZnMAPc–Py complex onto single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). However, ZnMAPc–Py still generated some singlet oxygen when adsorbed onto SWCNT. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3DT50335F
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ogbodu, Racheal O , Antunes, Edith M , Nyokong, Tebello
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7328 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020589
- Description: A conjugate between zinc monoamino phthalocyanine (ZnMAPc) and pyrene (Py) represented as ZnMAPc–Py (complex 3) was synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and by elemental analysis. This manuscript also reports on the photochemical and photophysical properties of 3. This new compound exhibited higher triplet, fluorescence and singlet oxygen quantum yields in comparison to the phthalocyanine alone, hence showing the advantages of attaching pyrene to the Pc without breaking the conjugation. We also observed a decrease in photophysical parameters upon adsorbing the ZnMAPc–Py complex onto single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). However, ZnMAPc–Py still generated some singlet oxygen when adsorbed onto SWCNT. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3DT50335F
- Full Text:
Victimisation in the lives of lesbian-identified women in South Africa : implications for clinical assessment and treatment
- Padmanabhanunni, A, Edwards, David J A
- Authors: Padmanabhanunni, A , Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6237 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007787
- Description: Few clinical studies have examined victimisation in the lives of lesbian women in South Africa and whether there are distinct implications for psychological treatment. This paper presents the assessment and treatment of a lesbian-identified South African survivor of childhood sexual abuse who, as an adult, was raped and later gang raped. Her victimisation in adulthood represented ‘corrective rape’ motivated by the prejudiced assumption that the sexuality of lesbian women is pathological and should be ‘corrected’ through rape. This paper lends insights into the role of heterosexism in shaping vulnerability to victimisation and the process of recovery. It provides recommendations for work with sexual minority clients and highlights the implications when there is an absence of safety and support in the external environment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Padmanabhanunni, A , Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6237 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007787
- Description: Few clinical studies have examined victimisation in the lives of lesbian women in South Africa and whether there are distinct implications for psychological treatment. This paper presents the assessment and treatment of a lesbian-identified South African survivor of childhood sexual abuse who, as an adult, was raped and later gang raped. Her victimisation in adulthood represented ‘corrective rape’ motivated by the prejudiced assumption that the sexuality of lesbian women is pathological and should be ‘corrected’ through rape. This paper lends insights into the role of heterosexism in shaping vulnerability to victimisation and the process of recovery. It provides recommendations for work with sexual minority clients and highlights the implications when there is an absence of safety and support in the external environment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Obituary: John Mayne English 1922-2013
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article , text
- Identifier: vital:6162 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004782
- Description: In 1962 John moved south to Johannesburg, but that bustling city held few attractions for him and he moved further south, to the cathedral city of Grahamstown. Grahamstown, with its nineteenth century Gothic cathedral, elegant Georgian buildings, and distinctive grandeur of Rhodes University, St Andrew's College and other buildings designed by Herbert Baker and his colleagues, suited John. He particularly enjoyed the academic, social, artistic and dramatic life of the community, where many older members of society were distinguished old-Africa hands. John thoroughly enjoyed Grahamstown where, in the partnership of Hoskins and English, he made his mark in the restoration and extension of many significant buildings. His addition to the Anglican chapel at Hog's Back is a masterpiece, as is his incorporation of the old fayade into the rebuilding and extension of the Magistrates' Court.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article , text
- Identifier: vital:6162 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004782
- Description: In 1962 John moved south to Johannesburg, but that bustling city held few attractions for him and he moved further south, to the cathedral city of Grahamstown. Grahamstown, with its nineteenth century Gothic cathedral, elegant Georgian buildings, and distinctive grandeur of Rhodes University, St Andrew's College and other buildings designed by Herbert Baker and his colleagues, suited John. He particularly enjoyed the academic, social, artistic and dramatic life of the community, where many older members of society were distinguished old-Africa hands. John thoroughly enjoyed Grahamstown where, in the partnership of Hoskins and English, he made his mark in the restoration and extension of many significant buildings. His addition to the Anglican chapel at Hog's Back is a masterpiece, as is his incorporation of the old fayade into the rebuilding and extension of the Magistrates' Court.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
The use of phthalocyanines in cancer therapy
- Nyokong, Tebello, Gledhill, Igle
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello , Gledhill, Igle
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7323 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020572
- Description: Phthalocyanines are synthetic analogues of porphyrins employed as photosensitizers in cancer therapy. We present the history of photodynamic therapy and developments in the use of phthalocyanines as photosensitizers. New efforts in the development of more cancer-specific phthalocyanines are presented. The combination of phthalocyanines with nanoparticles for "combination therapy" of cancer is also discussed. The nanoparticles employed are quantum dots, gold, and magnetic nanoparticles. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.10631.4794220
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello , Gledhill, Igle
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7323 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020572
- Description: Phthalocyanines are synthetic analogues of porphyrins employed as photosensitizers in cancer therapy. We present the history of photodynamic therapy and developments in the use of phthalocyanines as photosensitizers. New efforts in the development of more cancer-specific phthalocyanines are presented. The combination of phthalocyanines with nanoparticles for "combination therapy" of cancer is also discussed. The nanoparticles employed are quantum dots, gold, and magnetic nanoparticles. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.10631.4794220
- Full Text: false
Curriculum Vitae of Prof Tebello Nyokong (OMB)
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article , text
- Identifier: vital:7233 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006180
- Description: Department of Science and Technology (DST) and National Research Foundation (NRF) Professor of Medicinal Chemistry and Nanotechnology and Distinguished Professor of Chemistry at Rhodes University.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article , text
- Identifier: vital:7233 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006180
- Description: Department of Science and Technology (DST) and National Research Foundation (NRF) Professor of Medicinal Chemistry and Nanotechnology and Distinguished Professor of Chemistry at Rhodes University.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Ultrafast Photodynamics of the Indoline Dye D149 Adsorbed to Porous ZnO in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
- Rohwer, Egmont, Richter, Christoph, Heming, Nadine, Strauch, Kerstin, Litwinski, Christian, Nyokong, Tebello, Schlettwein, Derck, Schwoerer, Heinrich
- Authors: Rohwer, Egmont , Richter, Christoph , Heming, Nadine , Strauch, Kerstin , Litwinski, Christian , Nyokong, Tebello , Schlettwein, Derck , Schwoerer, Heinrich
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7326 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020576
- Description: We investigate the ultrafast dynamics of the photoinduced electron transfer between surface-adsorbed indoline D149 dye and porous ZnO as used in the working electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells. Transient absorption spectroscopy was conducted on the dye in solution, on solid state samples and for the latter in contact to a I−/I3− redox electrolyte typical for dye-sensitized solar cells to elucidate the effect of each component in the observed dynamics. D149 in a solution of 1:1 acetonitrile and tert-butyl alcohol shows excited-state lifetimes of 300±50 ps. This signature is severely quenched when D149 is adsorbed to ZnO, with the fastest component of the decay trace measured at 150±20 fs due to the charge-transfer mechanism. Absorption bands of the oxidized dye molecule were investigated to determine regeneration times which are in excess of 1 ns. The addition of the redox electrolyte to the system results in faster regeneration times, of the order of 1 ns. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201200715
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Rohwer, Egmont , Richter, Christoph , Heming, Nadine , Strauch, Kerstin , Litwinski, Christian , Nyokong, Tebello , Schlettwein, Derck , Schwoerer, Heinrich
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7326 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020576
- Description: We investigate the ultrafast dynamics of the photoinduced electron transfer between surface-adsorbed indoline D149 dye and porous ZnO as used in the working electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells. Transient absorption spectroscopy was conducted on the dye in solution, on solid state samples and for the latter in contact to a I−/I3− redox electrolyte typical for dye-sensitized solar cells to elucidate the effect of each component in the observed dynamics. D149 in a solution of 1:1 acetonitrile and tert-butyl alcohol shows excited-state lifetimes of 300±50 ps. This signature is severely quenched when D149 is adsorbed to ZnO, with the fastest component of the decay trace measured at 150±20 fs due to the charge-transfer mechanism. Absorption bands of the oxidized dye molecule were investigated to determine regeneration times which are in excess of 1 ns. The addition of the redox electrolyte to the system results in faster regeneration times, of the order of 1 ns. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201200715
- Full Text: false
Rural racing is thriving: competing is mainly for prestige
- MacGregor, David, Paterson, Craig
- Authors: MacGregor, David , Paterson, Craig
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7100 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006618
- Description: Commissioned by the Eastern Cape Gambling and Betting Board (ECGBB), the Status of Traditional Horse Racing in the Eastern Cape report provides a fascinating glimpse into the long-lasting and often little known connection many Xhosa people have with horses. A cornerstone of rural Xhosa life, horses have been used for generations for work and transport - as well as racing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: MacGregor, David , Paterson, Craig
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7100 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006618
- Description: Commissioned by the Eastern Cape Gambling and Betting Board (ECGBB), the Status of Traditional Horse Racing in the Eastern Cape report provides a fascinating glimpse into the long-lasting and often little known connection many Xhosa people have with horses. A cornerstone of rural Xhosa life, horses have been used for generations for work and transport - as well as racing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Plasmodium falciparum Hsp70-x : a heat shock protein at the host-parasite interface
- Hatherley, R, Blatch, Gregory L, Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Authors: Hatherley, R , Blatch, Gregory L , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6489 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007081 , https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2013.834849
- Description: Plasmodium falciparum 70 kDa heat shock proteins (PfHsp70s) are expressed at all stages of the pathogenic erythrocytic phase of the malaria parasite lifecycle. There are six PfHsp70s,all of which have orthologues in other plasmodial species, except for PfHsp70-x which is unique to P. falciparum. This paper highlights a number of original results obtained by a detailed bioinformatics analysis of the protein. Large scale sequence analysis indicated the presence of an extended transit peptide sequence of PfHsp70-x which potentially directs it to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Further analysis showed that PfHsp70-x does not have an ER-retention sequence, suggesting that the protein transits through the ER and is secreted into the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) or beyond into the erythrocyte cytosol. These results are consistent with experimental findings. Next, possible interactions between PfHsp70-x and exported P. falciparum Hsp40s or host erythrocyte DnaJs were interrogated by modeling and docking. Docking results indicated that interaction between PfHsp70-x and each of the Hsp40s, regardless of biological feasibility, seems equally likely. This suggests that J domain might not provide the specificity in the formation of unique Hsp70-Hsp40 complexes, but that the specificity might be provided by other domains of Hsp40s. By studying different structural conformations of PfHsp70-x, it was shown that Hsp40s can only bind when PfHsp70-x is in a certain conformation. Additionally, this work highlighted the possible dependence of the substrate binding domain residues on the orientation of the α-helical lid for formation of the substrate binding pocket.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Hatherley, R , Blatch, Gregory L , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6489 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007081 , https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2013.834849
- Description: Plasmodium falciparum 70 kDa heat shock proteins (PfHsp70s) are expressed at all stages of the pathogenic erythrocytic phase of the malaria parasite lifecycle. There are six PfHsp70s,all of which have orthologues in other plasmodial species, except for PfHsp70-x which is unique to P. falciparum. This paper highlights a number of original results obtained by a detailed bioinformatics analysis of the protein. Large scale sequence analysis indicated the presence of an extended transit peptide sequence of PfHsp70-x which potentially directs it to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Further analysis showed that PfHsp70-x does not have an ER-retention sequence, suggesting that the protein transits through the ER and is secreted into the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) or beyond into the erythrocyte cytosol. These results are consistent with experimental findings. Next, possible interactions between PfHsp70-x and exported P. falciparum Hsp40s or host erythrocyte DnaJs were interrogated by modeling and docking. Docking results indicated that interaction between PfHsp70-x and each of the Hsp40s, regardless of biological feasibility, seems equally likely. This suggests that J domain might not provide the specificity in the formation of unique Hsp70-Hsp40 complexes, but that the specificity might be provided by other domains of Hsp40s. By studying different structural conformations of PfHsp70-x, it was shown that Hsp40s can only bind when PfHsp70-x is in a certain conformation. Additionally, this work highlighted the possible dependence of the substrate binding domain residues on the orientation of the α-helical lid for formation of the substrate binding pocket.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
The Evil of sluits : a re-assessment of soil erosion in the Karoo of South Africa as portrayed in century-old sources
- Authors: Rowntree, Kate M
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6725 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006803
- Description: Deep, linear gullies are a common feature of the present landscape of the Karoo of South Africa, where they were known locally in the early twentieth century as ‘sluits’. Recent research has shown that many of these features are now stable and are no longer significant sediment sources, although they are efficient connectors in the landscape. Because most of the gully networks predate the first aerial photographs, little is known in the scientific literature about the timing of their formation. One secondary source, however, throws interesting light on the origin of these features, and the early response by landowners to their rehabilitation. The Agricultural Journal of the Cape of Good Hope at the turn of the Twentieth Century carried a number of articles by farmers and agricultural officers concerning the "evil of sluits". The authors gave accounts of widespread incision of valley bottoms by deep, wide gullies. Many of these gullies had been in existence for some thirty years but apparently had formed within living memory. A number of attempts to prevent further erosion had been put in place at the time of writing. This paper presents a review of land degradation, specifically gully erosion, and rehabilitation recommendations as given by authors writing in this journal. It reflects on the findings in the context of assessing land degradation processes through the local knowledge portrayed in the journal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Rowntree, Kate M
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6725 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006803
- Description: Deep, linear gullies are a common feature of the present landscape of the Karoo of South Africa, where they were known locally in the early twentieth century as ‘sluits’. Recent research has shown that many of these features are now stable and are no longer significant sediment sources, although they are efficient connectors in the landscape. Because most of the gully networks predate the first aerial photographs, little is known in the scientific literature about the timing of their formation. One secondary source, however, throws interesting light on the origin of these features, and the early response by landowners to their rehabilitation. The Agricultural Journal of the Cape of Good Hope at the turn of the Twentieth Century carried a number of articles by farmers and agricultural officers concerning the "evil of sluits". The authors gave accounts of widespread incision of valley bottoms by deep, wide gullies. Many of these gullies had been in existence for some thirty years but apparently had formed within living memory. A number of attempts to prevent further erosion had been put in place at the time of writing. This paper presents a review of land degradation, specifically gully erosion, and rehabilitation recommendations as given by authors writing in this journal. It reflects on the findings in the context of assessing land degradation processes through the local knowledge portrayed in the journal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Photophysical and photochemical properties of a novel thiol terminated low symmetry zinc phthalocyanine complex and its gold nanoparticles conjugate
- Mthethwa, Thandekile P., Tuncel, Sinem, Durmuş, Mahmut, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Mthethwa, Thandekile P. , Tuncel, Sinem , Durmuş, Mahmut , Nyokong, Tebello
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7329 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020590
- Description: A novel thiol functionalized zinc phthalocyanine complex (ZnPcSH) is reported in this work. This complex was conjugated to gold nanoparticles. The photophysical and photochemical properties of the complex and the conjugate were investigated. Upon conjugation a blue shift was observed from the UV-Vis spectra. The conjugate showed a decrease in the fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime. An increase in the triplet quantum yield and lifetime was observed for ZnPcSH following conjugation to gold nanoparticles. Both ZnPcSH and its conjugate with gold nanoparticles showed high singlet oxygen quantum yields with the conjugate being higher than the Pc alone. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3DT32698E
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mthethwa, Thandekile P. , Tuncel, Sinem , Durmuş, Mahmut , Nyokong, Tebello
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7329 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020590
- Description: A novel thiol functionalized zinc phthalocyanine complex (ZnPcSH) is reported in this work. This complex was conjugated to gold nanoparticles. The photophysical and photochemical properties of the complex and the conjugate were investigated. Upon conjugation a blue shift was observed from the UV-Vis spectra. The conjugate showed a decrease in the fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime. An increase in the triplet quantum yield and lifetime was observed for ZnPcSH following conjugation to gold nanoparticles. Both ZnPcSH and its conjugate with gold nanoparticles showed high singlet oxygen quantum yields with the conjugate being higher than the Pc alone. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3DT32698E
- Full Text:
The status of traditional horse racing in the Eastern Cape
- Roberts, Jaine, Griffith, Michelle, Paterson, Craig, Mantolo, Thumeka, Dume, Monde
- Authors: Roberts, Jaine , Griffith, Michelle , Paterson, Craig , Mantolo, Thumeka , Dume, Monde
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7099 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006617 , http://www.ecgbb.co.za/ecgb/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/THR-WEB.pdf
- Description: From introduction: The Eastern Cape Gambling and Betting Board advertised a tender for research assessing and auditing the status of traditional horse racing in the Eastern Cape. The term ‘traditional horse racing’ (THR) is used for convenience but covers a range of horse racing events, not all of which are ‘traditional’. The term, within the research and this report, is used to denote all horse racing in the Eastern Cape which lies outside of the formal gambling horse racing industry which is localised to Port Elizabeth.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Roberts, Jaine , Griffith, Michelle , Paterson, Craig , Mantolo, Thumeka , Dume, Monde
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7099 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006617 , http://www.ecgbb.co.za/ecgb/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/THR-WEB.pdf
- Description: From introduction: The Eastern Cape Gambling and Betting Board advertised a tender for research assessing and auditing the status of traditional horse racing in the Eastern Cape. The term ‘traditional horse racing’ (THR) is used for convenience but covers a range of horse racing events, not all of which are ‘traditional’. The term, within the research and this report, is used to denote all horse racing in the Eastern Cape which lies outside of the formal gambling horse racing industry which is localised to Port Elizabeth.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Vrou is gif : the representation of violence against women in Margie Orford’s Clare Hart novels
- Authors: Naidu, Samantha
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article , text
- Identifier: vital:26372 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/53997 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/asp/article/view/136092 , https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9456-8657
- Description: This article takes as its starting point that crime fiction is a public and political response to gender-based violence. Using the methods of both discourse analysis and literary analysis of the crime fiction genre, the novels of Margie Orford, internationally acclaimed crime author and patron of Rape Crisis, are examined for their representations of violence against women, and the role played by these representations in Orford’s overall feminist project in the Clare Hart series. The article also considers theories about gender-based violence which link male violence to a purported crisis in the established gender order of South Africa. An attempt is made to understand the relationship between fictionalised representations of violence and the ‘banality’ of real-life violence. Finally, Hart, Orford’s hard-boiled female detective figure, is assessed to determine whether this character constitutes a significant feminist achievement that contributes to discourses which counter gender-based violence
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Naidu, Samantha
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article , text
- Identifier: vital:26372 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/53997 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/asp/article/view/136092 , https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9456-8657
- Description: This article takes as its starting point that crime fiction is a public and political response to gender-based violence. Using the methods of both discourse analysis and literary analysis of the crime fiction genre, the novels of Margie Orford, internationally acclaimed crime author and patron of Rape Crisis, are examined for their representations of violence against women, and the role played by these representations in Orford’s overall feminist project in the Clare Hart series. The article also considers theories about gender-based violence which link male violence to a purported crisis in the established gender order of South Africa. An attempt is made to understand the relationship between fictionalised representations of violence and the ‘banality’ of real-life violence. Finally, Hart, Orford’s hard-boiled female detective figure, is assessed to determine whether this character constitutes a significant feminist achievement that contributes to discourses which counter gender-based violence
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2013
The development of catalytic oxovanadium(IV)-containing microspheres for the oxidation of various organosulfur compounds
- Ogunlaja, Adeniyi S, Khene, M Samson, Antunes, Edith M, Nyokong, Tebello, Torto, Nelson, Tshentu, Zenixole R
- Authors: Ogunlaja, Adeniyi S , Khene, M Samson , Antunes, Edith M , Nyokong, Tebello , Torto, Nelson , Tshentu, Zenixole R
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7324 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020574
- Description: The development of poly[allylSB-co-EGDMA] beads containing a tetradentate ligand was achieved via suspension polymerization. The catalyst poly[allylSB-co-EGDMA]-VO was synthesized by reacting VIVOSO4 with poly[allylSB-co-EGDMA]. XPS and EPR were used to confirm the presence of vanadium (V4+) on the beads. The synthesized catalyst (poly[allylSB-co-EGDMA]-VO) was found to have a BET surface area of 22 m2 g−1 and porosity of 135 Å, with the atomic force microscopy (AFM) showing more insight on the porous nature of the beads. Oxidation of thiophene (TH), benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) was carried out using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH) as oxidant. An overall conversion of 60%, 82%, 98% and 87% was achieved for thiophene (TH), benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6 dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) respectively at higher (t-BuOOH) to substrate ratio and at a temperature of 40 °C. The efficient oxidation of the various organosulfur compounds presents potential for the possible application of this catalyst in oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of crude oil. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2013.05.004
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Ogunlaja, Adeniyi S , Khene, M Samson , Antunes, Edith M , Nyokong, Tebello , Torto, Nelson , Tshentu, Zenixole R
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7324 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020574
- Description: The development of poly[allylSB-co-EGDMA] beads containing a tetradentate ligand was achieved via suspension polymerization. The catalyst poly[allylSB-co-EGDMA]-VO was synthesized by reacting VIVOSO4 with poly[allylSB-co-EGDMA]. XPS and EPR were used to confirm the presence of vanadium (V4+) on the beads. The synthesized catalyst (poly[allylSB-co-EGDMA]-VO) was found to have a BET surface area of 22 m2 g−1 and porosity of 135 Å, with the atomic force microscopy (AFM) showing more insight on the porous nature of the beads. Oxidation of thiophene (TH), benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) was carried out using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH) as oxidant. An overall conversion of 60%, 82%, 98% and 87% was achieved for thiophene (TH), benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6 dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) respectively at higher (t-BuOOH) to substrate ratio and at a temperature of 40 °C. The efficient oxidation of the various organosulfur compounds presents potential for the possible application of this catalyst in oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of crude oil. , Original publication is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2013.05.004
- Full Text: false
Eudicella trimeni Janson, 1884 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Goliathini): Description of larva with notes on conservation status, biology and taxonomy
- Perissinotto, R, Orozco, Jesús (Entomologist)
- Authors: Perissinotto, R , Orozco, Jesús (Entomologist)
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Afrotropical , Goliathini , Eudicella trimeni , Scarab beetles , Fruit chafers , Flower chafers , Larva , Grubs , Rosenkäfer
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6559 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006605 , http://africaninvertebrates.org/ojs/index.php/AI/article/view/307
- Description: Eudicella trimeni is reportedly one of the most endangered species of the genus, having been declared virtually extinct until recently. Present research has shown that the species occurs in an area wider than previously known. However, its habitat is disappearing at a fast rate and the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal populations appear to be sufficiently different from each other to warrant at least subspecies status and further investigation. Third instar larvae of the northern population were collected recently in the Karkloof Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal. They were reared to adulthood under environmentally controlled conditions and are here described.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Perissinotto, R , Orozco, Jesús (Entomologist)
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Afrotropical , Goliathini , Eudicella trimeni , Scarab beetles , Fruit chafers , Flower chafers , Larva , Grubs , Rosenkäfer
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6559 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006605 , http://africaninvertebrates.org/ojs/index.php/AI/article/view/307
- Description: Eudicella trimeni is reportedly one of the most endangered species of the genus, having been declared virtually extinct until recently. Present research has shown that the species occurs in an area wider than previously known. However, its habitat is disappearing at a fast rate and the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal populations appear to be sufficiently different from each other to warrant at least subspecies status and further investigation. Third instar larvae of the northern population were collected recently in the Karkloof Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal. They were reared to adulthood under environmentally controlled conditions and are here described.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013