Comparison of structural damage caused by Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko) and Bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) in a susceptible barley cultivar, Hordeum vulgare L. cv Clipper
- Saheed, Sefiu Adekilekun, Botha, Christiaan Edward Johannes, Liu, Lin, Jonsson, Lisbeth M V
- Authors: Saheed, Sefiu Adekilekun , Botha, Christiaan Edward Johannes , Liu, Lin , Jonsson, Lisbeth M V
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6540 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005981
- Description: The Russian wheat aphid (RWA, (Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko) and the Bird cherry-oat aphid (BCA, (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) cause severe damage to grain crops, including barley. An investigation of the effects of these aphids on a susceptible cultivar revealed that BCA-infested barley plants remained healthy-looking for two weeks after feeding commenced. In contrast, signs of stress and damage, including chlorosis and leaf necrosis were evident in RWA infested plants. Our study suggests that damage to the vascular tissue due to sustained feeding by BCA, was not as extensive as that caused by RWA. In addition, there is a marked difference in the salivary secretion pattern within xylem elements punctured by aphids tapping the xylem for water. RWA deposit electron-dense, amorphous to smooth saliva, which completely encases the inner walls of affected elements, and saliva encases pit membranes between xylem elements, and between xylem vessels and xylem parenchyma. Xylem tapped by BCA, contained more granular saliva, which apparently does not occlude vessel wall apertures or the pit membranes to the same extent as was observed with RWA. Damage to phloem tissue, including phloem parenchyma elements, sieve tube-companion cell (CC-ST) complexes as well as thick-walled sieve tubes, was extensive. Plasmodesmata between phloem parenchyma elements as well as pore-plasmodesmata between the CC-ST were occluded by callose. We conclude that severe, perhaps permanent damage to conducting elements in RWA infested leaves may be responsible for the detrimental chlorosis and necrosis symptoms. These symptoms are absent in BCA-infested plants.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Saheed, Sefiu Adekilekun , Botha, Christiaan Edward Johannes , Liu, Lin , Jonsson, Lisbeth M V
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6540 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005981
- Description: The Russian wheat aphid (RWA, (Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko) and the Bird cherry-oat aphid (BCA, (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) cause severe damage to grain crops, including barley. An investigation of the effects of these aphids on a susceptible cultivar revealed that BCA-infested barley plants remained healthy-looking for two weeks after feeding commenced. In contrast, signs of stress and damage, including chlorosis and leaf necrosis were evident in RWA infested plants. Our study suggests that damage to the vascular tissue due to sustained feeding by BCA, was not as extensive as that caused by RWA. In addition, there is a marked difference in the salivary secretion pattern within xylem elements punctured by aphids tapping the xylem for water. RWA deposit electron-dense, amorphous to smooth saliva, which completely encases the inner walls of affected elements, and saliva encases pit membranes between xylem elements, and between xylem vessels and xylem parenchyma. Xylem tapped by BCA, contained more granular saliva, which apparently does not occlude vessel wall apertures or the pit membranes to the same extent as was observed with RWA. Damage to phloem tissue, including phloem parenchyma elements, sieve tube-companion cell (CC-ST) complexes as well as thick-walled sieve tubes, was extensive. Plasmodesmata between phloem parenchyma elements as well as pore-plasmodesmata between the CC-ST were occluded by callose. We conclude that severe, perhaps permanent damage to conducting elements in RWA infested leaves may be responsible for the detrimental chlorosis and necrosis symptoms. These symptoms are absent in BCA-infested plants.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Composite polyester membranes with embedded dendrimer hosts and bimetallic Fe/Ni nanoparticles: synthesis, characterisation and application to water treatment
- Malinga, S P, Arotiba, O A, Mapolie, S F, Krause, Rui W M, Diallo, M S, Mamba, Bhekie B
- Authors: Malinga, S P , Arotiba, O A , Mapolie, S F , Krause, Rui W M , Diallo, M S , Mamba, Bhekie B
- Date: 1968
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/123619 , vital:35465 , https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-013-1698-y
- Description: This study describes the preparation, characterization and evaluation of new composite membranes with embedded dendrimer hosts and Fe/Ni nanoparticles. These new reactive membranes consist of films of cyclodextrin–poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers (β-CD–PPI) that are deposited onto commercial polysulfone microporous supports and crosslinked with trimesoyl chloride (TMC). The membranes were subsequently loaded with Fe/Ni nanoparticles and evaluated as separation/reactive media in aqueous solutions using 2,4,6-trichlorophenol as model pollutant. The morphology and physicochemical properties of the composite membranes were characterised using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), atomic force microscopy and measurements of contact angle, water intake, porosity and water permeability. The sorption capacity and catalytic activity of the membranes were evaluated using ion chromatography, atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation-mass spectrometry and UV–Vis spectroscopy (UV–Vis). The sizes of the embedded Fe/Ni nanoparticles in the membranes ranged from 40 to 66 nm as confirmed by HR-TEM. The reaction rates for the dechlorination of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol ranged from 0.00148 to 0.00250 min−1. In all cases, we found that the reaction by-products consisted of chloride ions and mixtures of compounds including phenol (m/z = 93), 2,4-dichlorophenol (m/z = 163) and 4-chlorophenol (m/z = 128). The overall results of this study suggest that β-CD–PPI dendrimers are promising building blocks for the synthesis of composite and reactive membranes for the efficient removal of chlorinated organic pollutants from water.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1968
- Authors: Malinga, S P , Arotiba, O A , Mapolie, S F , Krause, Rui W M , Diallo, M S , Mamba, Bhekie B
- Date: 1968
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/123619 , vital:35465 , https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-013-1698-y
- Description: This study describes the preparation, characterization and evaluation of new composite membranes with embedded dendrimer hosts and Fe/Ni nanoparticles. These new reactive membranes consist of films of cyclodextrin–poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers (β-CD–PPI) that are deposited onto commercial polysulfone microporous supports and crosslinked with trimesoyl chloride (TMC). The membranes were subsequently loaded with Fe/Ni nanoparticles and evaluated as separation/reactive media in aqueous solutions using 2,4,6-trichlorophenol as model pollutant. The morphology and physicochemical properties of the composite membranes were characterised using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), atomic force microscopy and measurements of contact angle, water intake, porosity and water permeability. The sorption capacity and catalytic activity of the membranes were evaluated using ion chromatography, atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation-mass spectrometry and UV–Vis spectroscopy (UV–Vis). The sizes of the embedded Fe/Ni nanoparticles in the membranes ranged from 40 to 66 nm as confirmed by HR-TEM. The reaction rates for the dechlorination of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol ranged from 0.00148 to 0.00250 min−1. In all cases, we found that the reaction by-products consisted of chloride ions and mixtures of compounds including phenol (m/z = 93), 2,4-dichlorophenol (m/z = 163) and 4-chlorophenol (m/z = 128). The overall results of this study suggest that β-CD–PPI dendrimers are promising building blocks for the synthesis of composite and reactive membranes for the efficient removal of chlorinated organic pollutants from water.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1968
Conditions of service of SAMWU staff
- SAMWU
- Authors: SAMWU
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: SAMWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178916 , vital:43019
- Description: This document is as adopted by the SAMWU NEC in November 1994. It serves to define the wages and conditions of employment applicable to all SAMWU staff and is the only conditions of employment document of the union. Employees who were staff of a pre-existing trade union which merged with SAMWU who have conditions which were previously declared personal to holder ( in terms of merger agreements ) are required to examine this document and to individually register where they, consider that their terms differ from this document. No improved condition hereby introduced can be taken to apply to such employees as a matter of right . They have a choice of registering specific conditions as ” personal to holder " or converting to the full set of conditions as contained herein. Where they register a condition as personal to holder the NEC will decide whether new conditions hereby introduced are also applicable to them. It is further recorded that whilst these conditions of service are open to be ammended from time to time ; as-the NEC may decide , any representations for amendments shall normally only be considered during the later part*of-each year.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
- Authors: SAMWU
- Date: 1994
- Subjects: SAMWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178916 , vital:43019
- Description: This document is as adopted by the SAMWU NEC in November 1994. It serves to define the wages and conditions of employment applicable to all SAMWU staff and is the only conditions of employment document of the union. Employees who were staff of a pre-existing trade union which merged with SAMWU who have conditions which were previously declared personal to holder ( in terms of merger agreements ) are required to examine this document and to individually register where they, consider that their terms differ from this document. No improved condition hereby introduced can be taken to apply to such employees as a matter of right . They have a choice of registering specific conditions as ” personal to holder " or converting to the full set of conditions as contained herein. Where they register a condition as personal to holder the NEC will decide whether new conditions hereby introduced are also applicable to them. It is further recorded that whilst these conditions of service are open to be ammended from time to time ; as-the NEC may decide , any representations for amendments shall normally only be considered during the later part*of-each year.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994
Corruption, state capture and the betrayal of South Africa’s vulnerable
- Authors: Erasmus, Deon
- Subjects: Political corruption -- South Africa , Business enterprises -- Corrupt practices -- South Africa , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53199 , vital:45037
- Description: The term state capture was first defined in a World Bank report on corruption in eastern Europe and central Asia in 2003. Hellman, Jones and Kaufmann (2000) point out in the report that some firms in transition economies were able to shape the rules of the game to their own advantage at a considerable social cost by creating a “capture economy.”
- Full Text:
- Authors: Erasmus, Deon
- Subjects: Political corruption -- South Africa , Business enterprises -- Corrupt practices -- South Africa , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53199 , vital:45037
- Description: The term state capture was first defined in a World Bank report on corruption in eastern Europe and central Asia in 2003. Hellman, Jones and Kaufmann (2000) point out in the report that some firms in transition economies were able to shape the rules of the game to their own advantage at a considerable social cost by creating a “capture economy.”
- Full Text:
COSATU press clipping service - Fight poverty & exploitation
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/109719 , vital:33183
- Description: The Congress of SA living wage campaign will be launched towards the end of this month. Already various regions report that police are refusing permission for public launches to be held. Initial plans by some regions to launch the campaign at the end of this week, to coincide with the commemoration of the Sharpeville and Langa massacres, had to be shelved when permission to hold a mass rally was turned down. Cosatu has vowed to make this the "biggest challenge to bosses and their profit system". The struggle is also seen as more than just an economic one. "It is a struggle against apartheid- capitalism which is built on ultra-cheap, ultra- controllable and super-exploitable labour.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/109719 , vital:33183
- Description: The Congress of SA living wage campaign will be launched towards the end of this month. Already various regions report that police are refusing permission for public launches to be held. Initial plans by some regions to launch the campaign at the end of this week, to coincide with the commemoration of the Sharpeville and Langa massacres, had to be shelved when permission to hold a mass rally was turned down. Cosatu has vowed to make this the "biggest challenge to bosses and their profit system". The struggle is also seen as more than just an economic one. "It is a struggle against apartheid- capitalism which is built on ultra-cheap, ultra- controllable and super-exploitable labour.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
Dangers of generic pedagogical panaceas: implementing sevice-learning differently in diverse disciplines
- Hlengwa, Amanda I, McKenna, Sioux
- Authors: Hlengwa, Amanda I , McKenna, Sioux
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61051 , vital:27933 , http://joe.ukzn.ac.za/Libraries/No_67_2017/Dangers_of_generic_pedagogical_panaceas_Implementing_service-learning_differently_in_diverse_disciplines.sflb.ashx
- Description: Descriptions of service-learning in the literature tend to position it as a powerful pedagogic tool as well as an exemplar of ‘best practice’ applicable across all disciplines and institutional contexts. Furthermore service-learning is couched as a moral imperative. In the South African context, this moral imperative is translated into policy pronouncements driving institutions of higher education to demonstrate responsiveness to the transformation needs of broader society. In this article, two departments, Philosophy and Environmental Science, at one university are used as case studies to interrogate what enables the uptake of service-learning as a pedagogic tool. Drawing on the work of Fairclough, this paper identifies the dominant discourses at play and considers how they constrain or enable the uptake of service-learning. We advocate for the infusion of service-learning in curricula, but argue that institutional culture, disciplinary values and the structure of knowledge impact on its uptake and should not be dismissed in the implementation process.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Hlengwa, Amanda I , McKenna, Sioux
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61051 , vital:27933 , http://joe.ukzn.ac.za/Libraries/No_67_2017/Dangers_of_generic_pedagogical_panaceas_Implementing_service-learning_differently_in_diverse_disciplines.sflb.ashx
- Description: Descriptions of service-learning in the literature tend to position it as a powerful pedagogic tool as well as an exemplar of ‘best practice’ applicable across all disciplines and institutional contexts. Furthermore service-learning is couched as a moral imperative. In the South African context, this moral imperative is translated into policy pronouncements driving institutions of higher education to demonstrate responsiveness to the transformation needs of broader society. In this article, two departments, Philosophy and Environmental Science, at one university are used as case studies to interrogate what enables the uptake of service-learning as a pedagogic tool. Drawing on the work of Fairclough, this paper identifies the dominant discourses at play and considers how they constrain or enable the uptake of service-learning. We advocate for the infusion of service-learning in curricula, but argue that institutional culture, disciplinary values and the structure of knowledge impact on its uptake and should not be dismissed in the implementation process.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Deciphering Isoniazid Drug Resistance Mechanisms on Dimeric Mycobacterium tuberculosis KatG via Post-molecular Dynamics Analyses Including Combined Dynamic Residue Network Metrics
- Barozi, Victor, Musyoka, Thommas M, Sheik Amamuddy, Olivier, Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Authors: Barozi, Victor , Musyoka, Thommas M , Sheik Amamuddy, Olivier , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/474493 , vital:77713 , https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c01036
- Description: Resistance mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) catalase peroxidase protein (KatG), an essential enzyme in isoniazid (INH) activation, reduce the sensitivity of Mtb to first-line drugs, hence presenting challenges in tuberculosis (TB) management. Thus, understanding the mutational imposed resistance mechanisms remains of utmost importance in the quest to reduce the TB burden. Herein, effects of 11 high confidence mutations in the KatG structure and residue network communication patterns were determined using extensive computational approaches. Combined traditional post-molecular dynamics analysis and comparative essential dynamics revealed that the mutant proteins have significant loop flexibility around the heme binding pocket and enhanced asymmetric protomer behavior with respect to wild-type (WT) protein. Heme contact analysis between WT and mutant proteins identified a reduction to no contact between heme and residue His270, a covalent bond vital for the heme-enabled KatG catalytic activity. Betweenness centrality calculations showed large hub ensembles with new hubs especially around the binding cavity and expanded to the dimerization domain via interface in the mutant systems, providing possible compensatory allosteric communication paths for the active site as a result of the mutations which may destabilize the heme binding pocket and the loops in its vicinity. Additionally, an interesting observation came from Eigencentrality hubs, most of which are located in the C-terminal domain, indicating relevance of the domain in the protease functionality. Overall, our results provide insight toward the mechanisms involved in KatG-INH resistance in addition to identifying key regions in the enzyme functionality, which can be used for future drug design.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Barozi, Victor , Musyoka, Thommas M , Sheik Amamuddy, Olivier , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/474493 , vital:77713 , https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c01036
- Description: Resistance mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) catalase peroxidase protein (KatG), an essential enzyme in isoniazid (INH) activation, reduce the sensitivity of Mtb to first-line drugs, hence presenting challenges in tuberculosis (TB) management. Thus, understanding the mutational imposed resistance mechanisms remains of utmost importance in the quest to reduce the TB burden. Herein, effects of 11 high confidence mutations in the KatG structure and residue network communication patterns were determined using extensive computational approaches. Combined traditional post-molecular dynamics analysis and comparative essential dynamics revealed that the mutant proteins have significant loop flexibility around the heme binding pocket and enhanced asymmetric protomer behavior with respect to wild-type (WT) protein. Heme contact analysis between WT and mutant proteins identified a reduction to no contact between heme and residue His270, a covalent bond vital for the heme-enabled KatG catalytic activity. Betweenness centrality calculations showed large hub ensembles with new hubs especially around the binding cavity and expanded to the dimerization domain via interface in the mutant systems, providing possible compensatory allosteric communication paths for the active site as a result of the mutations which may destabilize the heme binding pocket and the loops in its vicinity. Additionally, an interesting observation came from Eigencentrality hubs, most of which are located in the C-terminal domain, indicating relevance of the domain in the protease functionality. Overall, our results provide insight toward the mechanisms involved in KatG-INH resistance in addition to identifying key regions in the enzyme functionality, which can be used for future drug design.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
Detecting and removing sample contamination in phylogenomic data: an example and its implications for Cicadidae phylogeny (Insecta Hemiptera).
- Owen, Christopher L, Marshall, David C, Wade, Elizabeth J, Meister, Russ, Goemans, Geert, Kunte, Krushnamegh, Moulds, Max, Hill, Kathy, Villet, Martin H, Pham, Thai-Hong, Kortyna, Michelle, Lemmon, Emily M, Lemmon, Alan R, Simon, Chris
- Authors: Owen, Christopher L , Marshall, David C , Wade, Elizabeth J , Meister, Russ , Goemans, Geert , Kunte, Krushnamegh , Moulds, Max , Hill, Kathy , Villet, Martin H , Pham, Thai-Hong , Kortyna, Michelle , Lemmon, Emily M , Lemmon, Alan R , Simon, Chris
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/440749 , vital:73809 , https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syac043
- Description: Contamination of a genetic sample with DNA from one or more nontarget species is a continuing concern of molecular phylogenetic studies, both Sanger sequencing studies and next-generation sequencing studies. We developed an automated pipeline for identifying and excluding likely cross-contaminated loci based on the detection of bimodal distributions of patristic distances across gene trees. When contamination occurs between samples within a data set, a comparison between a contaminated sample and its contaminant taxon will yield bimodal distributions with one peak close to zero patristic distance. This new method does not rely on a priori knowledge of taxon relatedness nor does it determine the causes(s) of the contamination. Exclusion of putatively contaminated loci from a data set generated for the insect family Cicadidae showed that these sequences were affecting some topological patterns and branch supports, although the effects were sometimes subtle, with some contamination-influenced relationships exhibiting strong bootstrap support. Long tip branches and outlier values for one anchored phylogenomic pipeline statistic (AvgNHomologs) were correlated with the presence of contamination.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Owen, Christopher L , Marshall, David C , Wade, Elizabeth J , Meister, Russ , Goemans, Geert , Kunte, Krushnamegh , Moulds, Max , Hill, Kathy , Villet, Martin H , Pham, Thai-Hong , Kortyna, Michelle , Lemmon, Emily M , Lemmon, Alan R , Simon, Chris
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/440749 , vital:73809 , https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syac043
- Description: Contamination of a genetic sample with DNA from one or more nontarget species is a continuing concern of molecular phylogenetic studies, both Sanger sequencing studies and next-generation sequencing studies. We developed an automated pipeline for identifying and excluding likely cross-contaminated loci based on the detection of bimodal distributions of patristic distances across gene trees. When contamination occurs between samples within a data set, a comparison between a contaminated sample and its contaminant taxon will yield bimodal distributions with one peak close to zero patristic distance. This new method does not rely on a priori knowledge of taxon relatedness nor does it determine the causes(s) of the contamination. Exclusion of putatively contaminated loci from a data set generated for the insect family Cicadidae showed that these sequences were affecting some topological patterns and branch supports, although the effects were sometimes subtle, with some contamination-influenced relationships exhibiting strong bootstrap support. Long tip branches and outlier values for one anchored phylogenomic pipeline statistic (AvgNHomologs) were correlated with the presence of contamination.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
Dynamic run-time application development using CORBA objects and XML in the field of distributed GIS
- Preston, Michael, Clayton, Peter G, Wells, George C
- Authors: Preston, Michael , Clayton, Peter G , Wells, George C
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430500 , vital:72695 , https://doi.org/10.1080/1365881021000026557
- Description: The research presented describes our approach to enabling content developers and end-users to create and/or customise distributed GIS applications dynamical-ly at run-time through the incorporation of GIS services, implemented as stand-alone components or CORBA Objects, with a specialised XML descriptor. It also looks at some of the design considerations that must be dealt with by both the client-application developer as well as the service developer, including the GIS service description, associated GUI and help system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
Dynamic run-time application development using CORBA objects and XML in the field of distributed GIS
- Authors: Preston, Michael , Clayton, Peter G , Wells, George C
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430500 , vital:72695 , https://doi.org/10.1080/1365881021000026557
- Description: The research presented describes our approach to enabling content developers and end-users to create and/or customise distributed GIS applications dynamical-ly at run-time through the incorporation of GIS services, implemented as stand-alone components or CORBA Objects, with a specialised XML descriptor. It also looks at some of the design considerations that must be dealt with by both the client-application developer as well as the service developer, including the GIS service description, associated GUI and help system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
Ecological dominance along rocky shores, with a focus on intertidal ascidians
- Rius, Marc, Teske, Peter R, Manriquez, Patricio H, Suarez-Jimenez, Rocio, McQuaid, Christopher D
- Authors: Rius, Marc , Teske, Peter R , Manriquez, Patricio H , Suarez-Jimenez, Rocio , McQuaid, Christopher D
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/453416 , vital:75252 , ISBN 9781138197862 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/oa-edit/10.1201/b21944-4/ecological-dominance-along-rocky-shores-focus-intertidal-ascidians-marc-rius-peter-teske-patricio-manr%C3%ADquez-roc%C3%ADo-su%C3%A1rez-jim%C3%A9nez-christopher-mcquaid-juan-carlos-castilla?context=ubxandrefId=e4c0e0f7-2c0a-417f-8751-8225febf1536
- Description: The role of dominant species is of central importance in ecology. Such species play a key role in ecosystem structure, stability and function, regulating resource allocation across trophic levels and overall ecosystem productivity. Although ecological interactions between dominant and subordinate species are often considered to influence the latter negatively, the presence of dominant species can also be beneficial. These species commonly act as ecosystem engineers and enhance biodiversity by creating habitat for other species. Along rocky coastlines, dominant species are often sessile suspension-feeding organisms that can monopolize all available substrata. This is particularly noticeable in intertidal and shallow subtidal habitats where the number of species that achieve ecological dominance is limited. Here, we review the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that facilitate dominance along rocky coastlines. We then focus on a prominent example, the members of the Pyura stolonifera species complex (Tunicata), which are an emerging model system for studying ecological dominance. These ascidians achieve the highest biomass levels ever reported in rocky intertidal habitats and, when invasive, can fundamentally transform entire ecosystems. Finally, we discuss conservation implications and conclude with directions for future research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Rius, Marc , Teske, Peter R , Manriquez, Patricio H , Suarez-Jimenez, Rocio , McQuaid, Christopher D
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/453416 , vital:75252 , ISBN 9781138197862 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/oa-edit/10.1201/b21944-4/ecological-dominance-along-rocky-shores-focus-intertidal-ascidians-marc-rius-peter-teske-patricio-manr%C3%ADquez-roc%C3%ADo-su%C3%A1rez-jim%C3%A9nez-christopher-mcquaid-juan-carlos-castilla?context=ubxandrefId=e4c0e0f7-2c0a-417f-8751-8225febf1536
- Description: The role of dominant species is of central importance in ecology. Such species play a key role in ecosystem structure, stability and function, regulating resource allocation across trophic levels and overall ecosystem productivity. Although ecological interactions between dominant and subordinate species are often considered to influence the latter negatively, the presence of dominant species can also be beneficial. These species commonly act as ecosystem engineers and enhance biodiversity by creating habitat for other species. Along rocky coastlines, dominant species are often sessile suspension-feeding organisms that can monopolize all available substrata. This is particularly noticeable in intertidal and shallow subtidal habitats where the number of species that achieve ecological dominance is limited. Here, we review the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that facilitate dominance along rocky coastlines. We then focus on a prominent example, the members of the Pyura stolonifera species complex (Tunicata), which are an emerging model system for studying ecological dominance. These ascidians achieve the highest biomass levels ever reported in rocky intertidal habitats and, when invasive, can fundamentally transform entire ecosystems. Finally, we discuss conservation implications and conclude with directions for future research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Econo-Language Planning and Transformation in South Africa: From Localisation to Globalisation
- Authors: Kaschula, Russell H
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174657 , vital:42498 , ISBN 9781108425346
- Description: This chapter seeks to create an understanding of the historical, sociopolitical and economic context within which language planning has taken place in South Africa (Alexander 1992). Furthermore, the extent to which government agencies and other stakeholder bodies have taken language planning into account when developing economic and development policies within the contemporary global reality will be assessed (Edozie 2004). Policies (if one can call them policies) such as the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), as well as the National Development Plan (NDP) in South Africa are analysed against the backdrop of language policy planning and implementation, to see if there are linkages between opportunity language planning on the ground (Antia 2017) and economic development. In other words does language planning create work opportunities through policy creation and implementation where our languages are seen as resources to be used appropriately in the market place?.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Kaschula, Russell H
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/174657 , vital:42498 , ISBN 9781108425346
- Description: This chapter seeks to create an understanding of the historical, sociopolitical and economic context within which language planning has taken place in South Africa (Alexander 1992). Furthermore, the extent to which government agencies and other stakeholder bodies have taken language planning into account when developing economic and development policies within the contemporary global reality will be assessed (Edozie 2004). Policies (if one can call them policies) such as the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), as well as the National Development Plan (NDP) in South Africa are analysed against the backdrop of language policy planning and implementation, to see if there are linkages between opportunity language planning on the ground (Antia 2017) and economic development. In other words does language planning create work opportunities through policy creation and implementation where our languages are seen as resources to be used appropriately in the market place?.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Empirically modelled Pc3 activity based on solar wind parameters
- Heilig, B, Lotz, Stefanus I, Verő, J, Sutcliffe, P, Reda, J, Pajunpää, G, Raita, T
- Authors: Heilig, B , Lotz, Stefanus I , Verő, J , Sutcliffe, P , Reda, J , Pajunpää, G , Raita, T
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6814 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004324
- Description: It is known that under certain solar wind (SW)/interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions (e.g. high SW speed, low cone angle) the occurrence of ground-level Pc3–4 pulsations is more likely. In this paper we demonstrate that in the event of anomalously low SW particle density, Pc3 activity is extremely low regardless of otherwise favourable SW speed and cone angle. We re-investigate the SW control of Pc3 pulsation activity through a statistical analysis and two empirical models with emphasis on the influence of SW density on Pc3 activity. We utilise SW and IMF measurements from the OMNI project and ground-based magnetometer measurements from the MM100 array to relate SW and IMF measurements to the occurrence of Pc3 activity. Multiple linear regression and artificial neural network models are used in iterative processes in order to identify sets of SW-based input parameters, which optimally reproduce a set of Pc3 activity data. The inclusion of SW density in the parameter set significantly improves the models. Not only the density itself, but other density related parameters, such as the dynamic pressure of the SW, or the standoff distance of the magnetopause work equally well in the model. The disappearance of Pc3s during low-density events can have at least four reasons according to the existing upstream wave theory: 1. Pausing the ion-cyclotron resonance that generates the upstream ultra low frequency waves in the absence of protons, 2. Weakening of the bow shock that implies less efficient reflection, 3. The SW becomes sub-Alfvénic and hence it is not able to sweep back the waves propagating upstream with the Alfvén-speed, and 4. The increase of the standoff distance of the magnetopause (and of the bow shock). Although the models cannot account for the lack of Pc3s during intervals when the SW density is extremely low, the resulting sets of optimal model inputs support the generation of mid latitude Pc3 activity predominantly through upstream waves.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
- Authors: Heilig, B , Lotz, Stefanus I , Verő, J , Sutcliffe, P , Reda, J , Pajunpää, G , Raita, T
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6814 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004324
- Description: It is known that under certain solar wind (SW)/interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions (e.g. high SW speed, low cone angle) the occurrence of ground-level Pc3–4 pulsations is more likely. In this paper we demonstrate that in the event of anomalously low SW particle density, Pc3 activity is extremely low regardless of otherwise favourable SW speed and cone angle. We re-investigate the SW control of Pc3 pulsation activity through a statistical analysis and two empirical models with emphasis on the influence of SW density on Pc3 activity. We utilise SW and IMF measurements from the OMNI project and ground-based magnetometer measurements from the MM100 array to relate SW and IMF measurements to the occurrence of Pc3 activity. Multiple linear regression and artificial neural network models are used in iterative processes in order to identify sets of SW-based input parameters, which optimally reproduce a set of Pc3 activity data. The inclusion of SW density in the parameter set significantly improves the models. Not only the density itself, but other density related parameters, such as the dynamic pressure of the SW, or the standoff distance of the magnetopause work equally well in the model. The disappearance of Pc3s during low-density events can have at least four reasons according to the existing upstream wave theory: 1. Pausing the ion-cyclotron resonance that generates the upstream ultra low frequency waves in the absence of protons, 2. Weakening of the bow shock that implies less efficient reflection, 3. The SW becomes sub-Alfvénic and hence it is not able to sweep back the waves propagating upstream with the Alfvén-speed, and 4. The increase of the standoff distance of the magnetopause (and of the bow shock). Although the models cannot account for the lack of Pc3s during intervals when the SW density is extremely low, the resulting sets of optimal model inputs support the generation of mid latitude Pc3 activity predominantly through upstream waves.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
Ethics, cultures, fraud and corruption: the unanswered questions
- Authors: Fourie, Houdini
- Subjects: Fraud -- Moral and ethical aspects , Fraud -- South Africa , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31797 , vital:31846
- Description: idea for the paper emanated from my concern regarding the absolute flood of unethical behaviour in recent times. Fraud and corruption in South Africa is rife and it seems that the average person has no control over what comes next. Considering the impacts of peoples’ background, social standing and culture, the paper considered the psychological processes through which learning of habits and mannerisms take place; and how it influences ethical behaviour. Valuable lessons are learnt, namely that culture, whether it being ethnical, organisational, family or religious, have a direct impact on a person’s ethical value system and subsequently on whether a person is inclined to partake in fraud and corrupt activities. Fraud and corruption can cripple and destroy organisations and its auditors. Fraud and corruption are costly. The paper reports that it is ultimately the responsibility of executive management to manage fraud and associated risks – management must set the “Tone at the Top”. Managing ethics is costly, but ignoring it is fatal. Although it is not the primary responsibility of auditors to detect and investigate fraud and corruption, the accounting profession needs to do introspection to determine what society expects of them. A mere audit opinion on annual financial statements does not satisfy the demands of society any more. The question is apparently not whether fraud will occur in organisations, but rather when and that everybody must insist on doing the right thing – for the greater good.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Fourie, Houdini
- Subjects: Fraud -- Moral and ethical aspects , Fraud -- South Africa , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31797 , vital:31846
- Description: idea for the paper emanated from my concern regarding the absolute flood of unethical behaviour in recent times. Fraud and corruption in South Africa is rife and it seems that the average person has no control over what comes next. Considering the impacts of peoples’ background, social standing and culture, the paper considered the psychological processes through which learning of habits and mannerisms take place; and how it influences ethical behaviour. Valuable lessons are learnt, namely that culture, whether it being ethnical, organisational, family or religious, have a direct impact on a person’s ethical value system and subsequently on whether a person is inclined to partake in fraud and corrupt activities. Fraud and corruption can cripple and destroy organisations and its auditors. Fraud and corruption are costly. The paper reports that it is ultimately the responsibility of executive management to manage fraud and associated risks – management must set the “Tone at the Top”. Managing ethics is costly, but ignoring it is fatal. Although it is not the primary responsibility of auditors to detect and investigate fraud and corruption, the accounting profession needs to do introspection to determine what society expects of them. A mere audit opinion on annual financial statements does not satisfy the demands of society any more. The question is apparently not whether fraud will occur in organisations, but rather when and that everybody must insist on doing the right thing – for the greater good.
- Full Text:
Exploring grade 3 teachers’ resistance to ‘take up’progressive mathematics teaching roles
- Graven, Mellony, Westaway, Lise
- Authors: Graven, Mellony , Westaway, Lise
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69700 , vital:29568 , https://DOI: 10.1007/s13394-018-0237-7
- Description: This article addresses the question: Why teachers of mathematics have yet to ‘take up’ progressive roles? Drawing on the philosophy of critical realism and its methodological equivalent, social realism, we analyse interview and observation data of four grade 3 teachers, with the view to identifying the mechanisms conditioning the expression of teachers’ identities. In so doing, we show how post-apartheid changes in systemic roles of teachers create contradictory tensions for teachers as these bring their own mathematical learning and teaching experiences into contradiction with the new post-apartheid roles they are mandated to enact. We examine how this contradiction, together with beliefs about mathematics, pedagogy and learners, is expressed in the teaching of grade 3 mathematics. We maintain that the complementarity between teachers’ beliefs and old systemic roles provides an explanation for why teachers of grade 3 mathematics have yet to ‘take-up’ progressive roles. The implications point to the need for teacher development that creates enablers that lead to changes in classroom practices that align with policy-designated, progressive roles in teaching mathematics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Graven, Mellony , Westaway, Lise
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69700 , vital:29568 , https://DOI: 10.1007/s13394-018-0237-7
- Description: This article addresses the question: Why teachers of mathematics have yet to ‘take up’ progressive roles? Drawing on the philosophy of critical realism and its methodological equivalent, social realism, we analyse interview and observation data of four grade 3 teachers, with the view to identifying the mechanisms conditioning the expression of teachers’ identities. In so doing, we show how post-apartheid changes in systemic roles of teachers create contradictory tensions for teachers as these bring their own mathematical learning and teaching experiences into contradiction with the new post-apartheid roles they are mandated to enact. We examine how this contradiction, together with beliefs about mathematics, pedagogy and learners, is expressed in the teaching of grade 3 mathematics. We maintain that the complementarity between teachers’ beliefs and old systemic roles provides an explanation for why teachers of grade 3 mathematics have yet to ‘take-up’ progressive roles. The implications point to the need for teacher development that creates enablers that lead to changes in classroom practices that align with policy-designated, progressive roles in teaching mathematics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Festival fringe production and the long tail
- Authors: Snowball, Jeanette D
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/68855 , vital:29332 , http://www.econrsa.org/node/1170
- Description: Publisher version , In the past 15 years, there has been a worldwide proliferation of arts festivals, including so-called "fringe" festivals, which encouraged more experimental and avant-garde productions. While fringe festival productions had the potential to generate significant income for producers, their aims were primarily related to artistic innovation and it is well known that putting on a fringe show is highly unlikely to provide financial gain for most producers. This is what is referred to in statistics and marketing as a "long tail" distribution, in which a minority of producers in a particular market earn the vast majority of industry income. However, for individual producers of live theatre, such a distribution represents high risks and potentially large financial losses. This article uses producer data from two different fringe festivals in South Africa to explore determinants of ticket sales and box-office income. Included in the analysis is a consideration of the impact of genre and pricing strategies on the probability (Logit model) of shows being in the top 10%, 30% and 50% of best-selling and earning productions. Results support the long tail hypothesis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Snowball, Jeanette D
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/68855 , vital:29332 , http://www.econrsa.org/node/1170
- Description: Publisher version , In the past 15 years, there has been a worldwide proliferation of arts festivals, including so-called "fringe" festivals, which encouraged more experimental and avant-garde productions. While fringe festival productions had the potential to generate significant income for producers, their aims were primarily related to artistic innovation and it is well known that putting on a fringe show is highly unlikely to provide financial gain for most producers. This is what is referred to in statistics and marketing as a "long tail" distribution, in which a minority of producers in a particular market earn the vast majority of industry income. However, for individual producers of live theatre, such a distribution represents high risks and potentially large financial losses. This article uses producer data from two different fringe festivals in South Africa to explore determinants of ticket sales and box-office income. Included in the analysis is a consideration of the impact of genre and pricing strategies on the probability (Logit model) of shows being in the top 10%, 30% and 50% of best-selling and earning productions. Results support the long tail hypothesis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Agaonidae, Pteromalidae) associated with Asian fig trees (Ficus, Moraceae) in southern Africa: Asian followers and African colonists: Insecta: Hymenoptera
- Van Noort, Simon, Wang, Rong, Compton, Stephen G
- Authors: Van Noort, Simon , Wang, Rong , Compton, Stephen G
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/479048 , vital:78255 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC143130
- Description: The Asian and Indo-Australasian fig tree species Ficus microcarpa and F. religiosa are widely-planted street and garden ornamentals in southern Africa and elsewhere. Like other fig trees, they depend for pollination on host specific fig wasps (Agaonidae). Their pollinators have also been widely introduced, and this allows the trees to become naturalised weeds. Both trees also support numerous non-pollinating fig wasps that can reduce seed or pollinator numbers, and a sub-set of these assemblages also now have wide distributions outside their native range. Two South African pollinators (Elisabethiella baijnathi, E. stuckenbergi), a galler (Otitesella uluzi) and a parasitoid (Sycoryctes species) occasionally succeed in reproducing in the figs of F. microcarpa, but in very small numbers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Van Noort, Simon , Wang, Rong , Compton, Stephen G
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/479048 , vital:78255 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC143130
- Description: The Asian and Indo-Australasian fig tree species Ficus microcarpa and F. religiosa are widely-planted street and garden ornamentals in southern Africa and elsewhere. Like other fig trees, they depend for pollination on host specific fig wasps (Agaonidae). Their pollinators have also been widely introduced, and this allows the trees to become naturalised weeds. Both trees also support numerous non-pollinating fig wasps that can reduce seed or pollinator numbers, and a sub-set of these assemblages also now have wide distributions outside their native range. Two South African pollinators (Elisabethiella baijnathi, E. stuckenbergi), a galler (Otitesella uluzi) and a parasitoid (Sycoryctes species) occasionally succeed in reproducing in the figs of F. microcarpa, but in very small numbers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
From the Booth to the Dock: 2018 elections in Zimbabwe and the elusive search for electoral integrity
- Mwonzora, Gift, Xaba, Mzingaye Brilliant
- Authors: Mwonzora, Gift , Xaba, Mzingaye Brilliant
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159946 , vital:40358 , https://doi.org/10.1080/14662043.2020.1813457
- Description: The issue of presidential election petitions seems to be repeating itself with regularity in much of Africa, thus warranting the need for thorough analysis. Utilising the 2018 presidential election petition in Zimbabwe, the article examines whether electoral integrity and legitimacy can be derived from court-based action. Data for this article was gleaned from case law analysis, review of expert analysis from constitutional lawyers and election experts, video evidence, in-depth and critical reading of grey material. The article concludes that there are limitations in relying on litigation in seeking to realise electoral justice in much of Africa, including in Zimbabwe.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Mwonzora, Gift , Xaba, Mzingaye Brilliant
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159946 , vital:40358 , https://doi.org/10.1080/14662043.2020.1813457
- Description: The issue of presidential election petitions seems to be repeating itself with regularity in much of Africa, thus warranting the need for thorough analysis. Utilising the 2018 presidential election petition in Zimbabwe, the article examines whether electoral integrity and legitimacy can be derived from court-based action. Data for this article was gleaned from case law analysis, review of expert analysis from constitutional lawyers and election experts, video evidence, in-depth and critical reading of grey material. The article concludes that there are limitations in relying on litigation in seeking to realise electoral justice in much of Africa, including in Zimbabwe.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Futures studies for the southern African region : ‘from Africa’ not ‘on Africa’
- Fox, Roddy C, Rowntree, Kate M, Kaskinen, J
- Authors: Fox, Roddy C , Rowntree, Kate M , Kaskinen, J
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Conference paper
- Identifier: vital:6668 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006685
- Description: Futures studies is well established in the Nordic region and its history can be readily charted, but in Africa it barely exists in an institutional form and its evolution and impact is little known or understood. The first two sections of our paper briefly examine the history of futures studies, spending most attention on the African experience. We go on to show that the Higher Education landscape in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region is very different to that in the Nordic region. Recent futures reports present forecasts and scenarios that show a differentiated Higher Education landscape in the SADC; there are few Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and even the most optimistic forecasts show that the region as a whole will not meet the international enrollment norm of 30% by 2050. The last part of the paper examines our experience of collaboration with Finland and its well developed linkages between state and Universities. One outcome of three years of collaboration from 2007 to 2009 between two SANORD members, the Finland Futures Research Centre (now a part of the University of Turku) and Rhodes University, was a proposal to develop a multi-disciplinary, inter-institutional futures studies program intended to help Africa find its own voice in futures studies. The final part of our presentation reflects on the unsuccessful experiences that we have had to date in finding funding. We conclude by asking whether our experience can be seen as highlighting some of the challenges SANORD may be positioned to overcome if the SADC region’s HEIs are to achieve the Knowledge Village scenario and begin to match their Nordic counterparts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Fox, Roddy C , Rowntree, Kate M , Kaskinen, J
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Conference paper
- Identifier: vital:6668 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006685
- Description: Futures studies is well established in the Nordic region and its history can be readily charted, but in Africa it barely exists in an institutional form and its evolution and impact is little known or understood. The first two sections of our paper briefly examine the history of futures studies, spending most attention on the African experience. We go on to show that the Higher Education landscape in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region is very different to that in the Nordic region. Recent futures reports present forecasts and scenarios that show a differentiated Higher Education landscape in the SADC; there are few Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and even the most optimistic forecasts show that the region as a whole will not meet the international enrollment norm of 30% by 2050. The last part of the paper examines our experience of collaboration with Finland and its well developed linkages between state and Universities. One outcome of three years of collaboration from 2007 to 2009 between two SANORD members, the Finland Futures Research Centre (now a part of the University of Turku) and Rhodes University, was a proposal to develop a multi-disciplinary, inter-institutional futures studies program intended to help Africa find its own voice in futures studies. The final part of our presentation reflects on the unsuccessful experiences that we have had to date in finding funding. We conclude by asking whether our experience can be seen as highlighting some of the challenges SANORD may be positioned to overcome if the SADC region’s HEIs are to achieve the Knowledge Village scenario and begin to match their Nordic counterparts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Gender and Culture Shock at University: Perspectives of First-Year Male Students From a Public University in South Africa
- Authors: Aiseng, Kealeboga
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/453392 , vital:75250 , ISBN 9781668469613 , DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-6961-3.ch006
- Description: The chapter seeks to embark on a qualitative study with first-year male students from a public university in South Africa to understand their adjustment and adapting to university life due to challenges with gender and sexuality matters that they face. The authors is mostly interested in male students as they are the usual perpetrators of gender and sexuality offences in universities. With this chapter, the author wants to understand the experiences of these students as they transition from one world (their hometowns) to another (university campuses). Of interest in this study is that some of the students at this university come from previously disadvantaged backgrounds: villages, townships, and farmsteads. Some of them have gone through traditional rites of passage such as initiation schools; others come from patriarchal backgrounds and heteronormative backgrounds.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
- Authors: Aiseng, Kealeboga
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/453392 , vital:75250 , ISBN 9781668469613 , DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-6961-3.ch006
- Description: The chapter seeks to embark on a qualitative study with first-year male students from a public university in South Africa to understand their adjustment and adapting to university life due to challenges with gender and sexuality matters that they face. The authors is mostly interested in male students as they are the usual perpetrators of gender and sexuality offences in universities. With this chapter, the author wants to understand the experiences of these students as they transition from one world (their hometowns) to another (university campuses). Of interest in this study is that some of the students at this university come from previously disadvantaged backgrounds: villages, townships, and farmsteads. Some of them have gone through traditional rites of passage such as initiation schools; others come from patriarchal backgrounds and heteronormative backgrounds.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
Gender and Racial Stereotyping in Rape Coverage: An analysis of rape coverage in a South African newspaper, Grocott’s Mail
- Authors: Bonnes, Stephanie M
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/453321 , vital:75245 , https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2011.623170
- Description: This article uses critical discourse analysis to discuss and analyse articles about rape that appeared in a South African newspaper, Grocott's Mail, between 14 October, 2008 and 29 October, 2009. Drawing on existing literature on “rape myths” in media coverage of rape, this article argues that Grocott's Mail perpetuates racial and gender stereotypes through the way in which it reports on rape. While not all of the articles included in the analysis use rape myths, most use one or more when discussing rape incidents. Specifically, Grocott's Mail tends to use rape myths that blame the victim for the rape and de-emphasise the role of the perpetrator in the rape.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Bonnes, Stephanie M
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/453321 , vital:75245 , https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2011.623170
- Description: This article uses critical discourse analysis to discuss and analyse articles about rape that appeared in a South African newspaper, Grocott's Mail, between 14 October, 2008 and 29 October, 2009. Drawing on existing literature on “rape myths” in media coverage of rape, this article argues that Grocott's Mail perpetuates racial and gender stereotypes through the way in which it reports on rape. While not all of the articles included in the analysis use rape myths, most use one or more when discussing rape incidents. Specifically, Grocott's Mail tends to use rape myths that blame the victim for the rape and de-emphasise the role of the perpetrator in the rape.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011