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Transport and General Workers Union: Newsletter November, 1988

- Transport and General Workers' Union (South Africa)

Authors: Transport and General Workers' Union (South Africa)
Date: 1988-11
Subjects: Uncatalogued
Language: eng
Type: text , pamphlet
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/102764 , vital:32172
Description: In August, 3 Putco TGWU drivers and one unemployed man were sentenced to death in the Supreme Court in Durban. The judge said they were guilty of murdering another bus driver, Shezi, in November 1986. How did all this come about? The crisis started in October 1986. The traffic manager at Durban South Putco depot wanted to discipline a driver who was in an accident. But the manager did not follow the disciplinary procedure so workers lodged a grievance against the manager. The manager did not come to the grievance hearing.
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Date Issued: 1988-11

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Transport and General Workers Union: Bi-Annual Congress 1991: Financial Progress Report from Dec 1989-May 1991

- Transport and General Workers' Union (South Africa)

Authors: Transport and General Workers' Union (South Africa)
Date: 1991-05
Subjects: Uncatalogued
Language: eng
Type: text , pamphlet
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/103038 , vital:32203
Description: In reviewing the 1990 financial year for TGWU (1 Jan 1990 - 31 Dec 1990) it is clear that the union was in an unstable financial position. The income from subscriptions was forever fluctuating. In most cases expenditure for this period exceeded the income from subscriptions. Our bank balance was, from time to time, in an overdraft situation. The union couldn’t be self-sufficient—and as a result, relied on foreign funding. This report will deal with both the income and expenditure for the said financial period.
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Date Issued: 1991-05

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Patterns of inclusion and exclusion among trans women in South Africa: a critical narrative inquiry

- Shabalala, Siyanda Buyile

Authors: Shabalala, Siyanda Buyile
Date: 2023-03-30
Subjects: Uncatalogued
Language: English
Type: Academic theses , Master's theses , text
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/408874 , vital:70533
Description: Trans women have for the most part remained grossly marginalised in gender development frameworks that have concerned themselves with resolving the historical disenfranchisement of women in patriarchal societies. Considering this continuing systemic erasure of trans subjectivity, this study has aimed to foreground transness, engaging trans women’s experiences of inclusion and exclusion to better understand the traditionally oppressive institutionality of gender in South Africa from a historically silenced trans standpoint. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with five trans women living in South Africa. Data was transcribed and analysed using narrative analysis. Mapping the structures, practices and norms that contribute to the marginalisation of trans women in South Africa, the study found that trans women face economic vulnerability driven by familial rejection along with structural discrimination in a gender-biased labour system. Furthermore, trans women were revealed to contend with institutional erasure and stigmatisation in sex-segregated healthcare structures as well as invisibilisation in cisnormative South African knowledge systems that underrepresent trans identities and their viewpoints of the world. Underlyingly, the societal exclusion of trans women emerged as centrally organised by a structure of genderism that rigidly assumes the binariness and fixedness of gender, principally in ways that restrict trans women's right to self-determine as women. Genderism was observed to collude with factors of race and class in a largely capitalist post-apartheid South African society, working concurrently and jointly to reinforce the social exclusion of trans women. However, often subtle narratives of trans social inclusion located marginalising cisgender power in South African democracy as contested terrain. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 2023
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Date Issued: 2023-03-30

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The reform of world order?: BRICS in an Interpolar world

- Phyllis, Yvonne

Authors: Phyllis, Yvonne
Date: 2015
Subjects: Uncatalogued
Language: English
Type: Master's theses , text
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/193520 , vital:45339
Description: International relations has recently seen new developments which are unpredictable and in their infant stage. The causes of these developments are plentiful, the consequences stemming from waning unipolarity to the emergence of new fora creating their own spaces. Whatever the case, international relations is not as it was in the period just after the Cold War. As a result, the terms of global governance established after 1990 have come under serious scrutiny. This transition has the makings of a new world order, an interpolar world order. This study asserts that we no longer live in a unipolar world, nor do we live in a world which can only be described as multipolar. It makes the argument that although multipolarity is a crucial element of the world, it only offers a partial description of today’s order. The study asserts that it is interpolarity which is closest in accounting for today’s world. Not only does it describe the world as multipolar, it also describes it as interdependent. To this end, the study provides a detailed account of what is meant by an interpolar world order and how differently it explains international events. It also provides an account of factors which can develop in an interpolar world. One of these includes allowing room for emerging powers to create their own spaces in efforts of avoiding co-option while continuing to realise the importance of operating within a context of continuity. This means that emerging countries create their own spaces but they also realise the importance of working with already established regimes such as the G20. BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) is used as a case study to indicate one of the new developments afforded by an interpolar order-the emergence of new fora. The study asserts that although BRICS is rife with internal dissimilarities, it has indicated some degree of political will in one aspect; that is; advocating for the reform of the terms of global governance, advocating for more representative forms of global governance. The study thus explores factors of a world whose contours are gradually changing but which are unpredictable and in flux. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Political and International Studies, 2015
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Date Issued: 2015

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Repurposing a polymer precursor scaffold for medicinal application: Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of ferrocenyl 1,3-benzoxazine derivatives as potential antiprotozoal and anticancer agents

- Mbaba, Mziyanda

Authors: Mbaba, Mziyanda
Date: 2020
Subjects: Uncatalogued
Language: English
Type: Doctoral theses , text
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/164502 , vital:41124 , DOI 10.21504/10962/164502
Description: The benzoxazines are a prominent class of heterocyclic compounds that possess a multitude of properties. To this end, benzoxazine derivatives have been used as versatile compounds for various utilities ranging from biological applications to the fabrication of polymers. Particularly, the 1,3-benzoxazine scaffold has featured in several bioactive compounds showing antimalarial, anticancer and antibacterial activities. Traditionally, it has been employed as a substrate in the synthesis of polymers with appealing physical and chemical properties. Due to the increasing interest in the polymer application of 1,3-benzoxazines, research of the 1,3-benzoxazine motif for polymer synthesis has been prioritized over other applications including its medicinal potential. The continuous development of resistance to clinical anticancer and antimalarial drugs has necessitated the need for the search of innovative bioactive compounds as potential alternative medicinal agents. To address this, the field of medicinal chemistry is adapting new approaches to counter resistance by incorporating nonconventional chemical moieties such as organometallic complexes, like ferrocene, into bioactive chemical motifs to serve as novel compounds with medicinal benefits. Incorporation of ferrocene into known bioactive chemical moieties has been shown to impart beneficial biological effects into the resultant compounds, which include the introduction of novel, and sometimes varied, mechanistic modalities and enhanced potency. Presented with the benefits of this strategy, the current work aims to design and evaluate the pharmaceutical capacity of novel derivatives containing 1,3-benzoxazine scaffold (traditionally applied in polymer synthesis) hybridized with the organometallic ferrocene unit as bioactive agents. Using a combination of expedient synthetic procedures such as the Burke three-component Mannich-type condensation, Vilsmeier-Haack formylation and reductive amination, four series of ferrocenyl 1,3-benzoxazine derivatives were synthesized and their structures confirmed by common spectroscopic techniques: nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The target compounds were evaluated in vitro for potential antimalarial and anticancer activities against strains of the malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 and Dd2) and the triple-negative breast cancer cell line HCC70. Compounds exhibited higher potency towards the Plasmodium falciparum strains with IC50 values in the low and sub-micromolar range in comparison to the breast cancer cell line against for which mid-molar activities were observed. To gain insight into the possible mode of action of ferrocenyl 1,3-benzoxazines, representative compounds showing most efficacy from each series were assessed for DNA binding affinity by employing UV-Vis and fluorescence DNA titration experiments. The selected compounds were found to interact with the DNA by binding to the minor groove, and these findings were confirmed by in silico ligand docking studies using a B-DNA structure as the receptor. Compound 3.16c (IC50: 0.261 μM [3D7], 0.599 μM [Dd2], 11.0 μM [HCC70]), which emerged as the most promising compound, was found to induce DNA damage in HCC70 cancer cells when investigated for effects of DNA interaction. Additionally, compound 3.16c displayed a higher binding constant (Kb) against DNA isolated from 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum trophozoites (Kb = 1.88×106 M-1) than the mammalian DNA (Kb = 6.33×104 M-1) from calf thymus, thus explaining the preferred selectivity of the compounds for the malaria parasite. Moreover, the investigated compounds demonstrated binding affinity for synthetic hemozoin, β-hematin. Collectively, these data suggest that the compounds possess a dual mode of action for antimalarial activity involving DNA interaction and hemozoin inhibition. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, Chemistry, 2020
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Date Issued: 2020

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