https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index en-us 5 https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11290 Wed 12 May 2021 23:22:42 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11282 2) in activity. Lethal dose at 50 (LD50) showed 82.64 ± 1.40 degree of toxicity at 24 hrs, and 95 percentile of cell death dose activity ranged from log 3.12 ± 0.01 to 4.59 ± 0.03. The activity of the eight fractions tested ranged from 1.0 ± 0.5 to 3.7 ± 1.6 mg/mL (IC50) and from 2.1 ± 0.8 to 6.25 ± 0 mg/mL (IC90) (Chapter 3). Due to the effect of compounds present in the crude extract and fractions, the P. aeruginosa treated with EAE had a reduction of sodium from 5.55 % (untreated) - 1.50 %. For C. albicans, pottasium was reduced from 4.16 % (untreated) - 0.76 % (T1). Remarkable morphological alterations were observed including deformation of the germ tubes and perforation of the cell wall (Chapter 4). Extract scavenging activity of 88.73± 6.69 % (25 μg mL-1), 53.93±1.09 % (25 μg mL-1) were recorded for H2O2 and NO respectively with proanthocyanidins (92.18±4.68 mg/g) occurring more (p < 0.05) in the extract compared to all other phenolics compounds (Chapter 5). Significant reduction in cell viability of the cells was noted as the MCF-7 cells were reduced from 100 - 54.33±1.84 % after 72 hrs of treatment with 5 μg/mL of EAE (P. value < 0.05). TEt10 was cytotoxic against human normal cells (chang liver cell) at EC50 of 37 μg/mL and 74 μg/mL after 24 and 48 h of treatment respectively. Marked antiproliferative activity of 13.2 μg/mL (EC50) was observed when HeLa cells were treated for 48 h. Internucleosomal DNA of MCF-7, HT-29 and HeLa cells randomly fragmented into an uninterrupted spectrum of sizes, complemented by the intercalation of nucleic acid-specific fluorochromes by PI and AO spotting two phases of apoptosis; early (EA) and late (LA) apoptosis. Distinctive ultramorphological changes observed include; cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, and typical cell induced death. The study also recorded 705.102 ± 28.56 % TEt10 caspase-3 activity compared to curcumin 592.857 ± 165.76 % (positive control) and untreated (negative control; 100 ± 15.81 %) cells. Percentage HeLa cell with Sub-G1 DNA phase increased from 0.13 ± 0.06 % (negative control) to 13.8 ± 3.04 % compared to curcumin (8.17 ± 2.20 %) after treatment with TEt10. The compounds identified in the fractions including Colchicine, N-(trifluoroacetyl)methyl-N-deacetyl-, Lupeol and .gamma.-Sitosterol may be responsible for the induction of apoptosis observed and could be further studied in vivo as a potential template for new anticancer treatment (Chapter 6 & 7).]]> Wed 12 May 2021 20:58:07 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11287 Wed 12 May 2021 19:08:58 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11288 Wed 12 May 2021 16:42:17 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11285 Thu 13 May 2021 07:33:05 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11289 Thu 13 May 2021 03:37:38 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11281 Thu 13 May 2021 03:14:29 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11286 Thu 13 May 2021 02:50:48 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11283 Thu 13 May 2021 02:04:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11279 Thu 13 May 2021 01:37:38 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11284 Thu 13 May 2021 00:16:13 SAST ]]>