https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index en-us 5 https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:808 Wed 12 Oct 2022 12:46:37 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4639 Wed 12 Oct 2022 12:31:41 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1204 Wed 12 May 2021 23:41:16 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2874 Wed 12 May 2021 23:39:57 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4192 Wed 12 May 2021 23:18:25 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1857 Wed 12 May 2021 23:13:28 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3168 Wed 12 May 2021 23:04:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2934 Wed 12 May 2021 22:46:10 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5511 Wed 12 May 2021 22:45:13 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3833 Wed 12 May 2021 22:38:20 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4412 Wed 12 May 2021 22:37:27 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5704 7mm) were equivalent to ≈10% and ≈5% of body dry weight, respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth curve parameters were empirically identified, by cohort analysis of data collected during 4 years, as K = 0.22239/year, L[subscript]∞ = 14.05789mm, t₀ = -0.05174, L₀ = 0.16083mm. N. marionis can survive up to seven years under natural conditions.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 22:28:01 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2089 Wed 12 May 2021 22:23:39 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:817 Wed 12 May 2021 22:23:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3964 0.05]. These results imply that differences in the biosynthetic pathways for biomass accumulation in sibling strains play a significant role in the intraspecific variation observed in pollutant sensitivity, pollutant degradation, and enzyme production. Categorical analysis of intraspecific differences was assessed according to four criterions. These included growth, extracellular peroxidase activities, tolerance to toxic pollutants and the biodegradation of model pollutants. Sibling strains showing the most variable responses in three or more of the selective criterion were recommended for further studies. These strains include P. chrysosporium ME446, BS 2.52, BS 13, BS 17, BS 18, and BS 24. Interestingly, BS 2.52 (a dikaryotic strain generating from the crossing of two haploid progeny) showed significantly lower degradation capabilities than the wildtype parent strain ME446. The inherited variability observed between sibling strains is to be further explored through proteome and transcriptome analysis and genetic linkage studies aimed at describing the mechanisms or pathways conferring tolerance to or degradation of environmental pollutants. In examining fewer organisms at this next level, the number of replicates examined can be increased and thus the power of detection of experimental procedures improved, enabling the detection of multigenic traits amongst genetically related organisms. Growth was shown to play a significant role in the intraspecific differences detected in pollutant sensitivity and degradation between sibling strains. Little is known about the mechanism of growth and differentiation, or the role of differentiation in regulating the lignolytic activity in this organism. The membrane gradostat bioreactor and a unique plug-flow membrane bioreactor were evaluated as novel tools with which to further explore the relationship between secondary metabolism, pollutant degradation and biofilm development in sibling strains. High yield MnP production at levels as high as 1478.8 U.l-1 was achieved using a laboratory scale membrane gradostat bioreactor. Furthermore, extensive mycelial differentiation and tissue formation are reported for P. chrysosporium in both the membrane gradostat bioreactor and plug-flow membrane bioreactor. Intraspecific differences in the extent of this differentiation were observed in strains ME446, BS 13, BS 17 and BS 26 cultured using the membrane gradostat bioreactor, highlighting the potential of these techniques as a platform for future strain improvement strategies.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 22:17:57 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2830 Wed 12 May 2021 20:59:35 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5241 Wed 12 May 2021 20:14:05 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2728 Wed 12 May 2021 20:10:20 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2007 Wed 12 May 2021 19:40:29 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3251 Wed 12 May 2021 19:34:34 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1034 Wed 12 May 2021 19:33:35 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5223 Wed 12 May 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https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1934 Wed 12 May 2021 17:48:18 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5831 Wed 12 May 2021 17:47:39 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1061 Wed 12 May 2021 17:39:38 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3970 Wed 12 May 2021 17:15:50 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3797 Wed 12 May 2021 17:14:56 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2406 Wed 12 May 2021 16:51:31 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4603 Wed 12 May 2021 16:51:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1170 Wed 12 May 2021 16:46:37 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2860 Wed 12 May 2021 16:40:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3091 Wed 12 May 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https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3416 Wed 12 May 2021 16:08:51 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:997 Wed 12 May 2021 16:04:59 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1650 Wed 12 May 2021 16:01:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2868 Wed 12 May 2021 15:58:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5954 Wed 12 May 2021 15:53:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1548 Tue 18 Jul 2023 22:55:00 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5232 Thu 13 May 2021 10:47:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3769 Thu 13 May 2021 10:28:35 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3939 Thu 13 May 2021 08:52:34 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2988 Thu 13 May 2021 08:46:54 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4631 Thu 13 May 2021 08:16:07 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3439 Thu 13 May 2021 08:11:04 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5832 Thu 13 May 2021 07:35:55 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:765 Thu 13 May 2021 07:35:22 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2006 Thu 13 May 2021 07:25:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5712 Thu 13 May 2021 07:16:42 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3929 Thu 13 May 2021 07:14:41 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:737 Thu 13 May 2021 06:55:59 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1315 Thu 13 May 2021 06:39:27 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3699 Thu 13 May 2021 06:37:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1625 Thu 13 May 2021 06:20:56 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1418 Thu 13 May 2021 06:17:24 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3015 Thu 13 May 2021 06:12:52 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2938 Thu 13 May 2021 06:07:27 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3793 Thu 13 May 2021 05:42:51 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3343 Thu 13 May 2021 05:29:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4746 Thu 13 May 2021 04:56:04 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3142 Thu 13 May 2021 04:39:15 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3869 Thu 13 May 2021 04:37:15 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2841 Thu 13 May 2021 04:33:05 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5913 0.05). The multivariate analysis identified two interacting mechanisms controlling the distribution patterns, abundance and biomass of the various euphausiid species, namely (1) diel changes in abundance and biomass, (2) and restricted distribution patterns associated with the different water masses. Ingestion rates were determined for five euphausiid species. E. triacantha was found to have the highest daily ingestion rate ranging from 1 226.1 to 6 029.1 ng pigm ind⁻¹d⁻¹, while the lowest daily ingestion rates were observed in the juvenile Thysanoessa species (6.4 to 943.0 ng pigm ind⁻¹ d⁻¹). The total grazing impact of the selected euphausiids ranged from < 0.1 to 20.1 μg pigm m⁻²d⁻¹, corresponding to < 0.15 % of the areal chl-a biomass. The daily ration estimates of autotrophic carbon for the euphausiids suggested that phytoplankton represented a minor component in their diets, with only the sub-adult E. vallentini consuming sufficient phytoplankton to meet their daily carbon requirements. A cyclonic cold-core eddy spawned from the region of the APF located in the southwest Indian sector of the PFZ was the dominant feature during the 2005 survey. The total areal chl-a biomass throughout the region was low, ranging between 5.6 and 11.4 mg chl-a m⁻², and was significantly higher within the core of the eddy compared to the surrounding waters (p < 0.05). RMT-8 and WP-2 total euphausiid abundance and biomass estimates were high, and ranged from 0.004 to 0.36 ind m⁻³ and 0.065 to 1.21 mg dwt m⁻³, and from 0.01 to 18.2 ind m⁻³ and 0.01 to 15.7 mg dwt m⁻³, respectively. A distinct spatial pattern in the euphausiid community was evident with the Antarctic species, Euphausia frigida, E. triacantha and E. superba predominating within the core of the eddy, while the PFZ waters were characterized by the sub-Antarctic species, E. longirostris, Stylocheiron maximum, Nematoscelis megalops and Thysanoessa gregaria. The eddy edge acted as a transition zone where species from both regions co-occurred. Within the survey area the combined ingestion rate of the six numerically dominant euphausiid species ranged between 0.02 and 5.31 μg pigm m⁻²d¹, which corresponded to a loss of between < 0.001 and 0.11 % of the available chl-a biomass. E. triacantha and juvenile T. macura were identified as the dominant grazers. There was no apparent spatial pattern in the grazing activity of the euphausiids within the region of investigation. The average daily rations of the euphausiids examined were < 2 % of their body carbon. The low daily ration of the euphausiids could be ascribed to the predominance of small picophytoplankton in the region of investigation, which are too small to be grazed efficiently by larger zooplankton. The marked spatial patterns in species composition and the elevated abundance and biomass of euphausiids, suggest that the mesoscale eddies contribute to the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the planktonic community of the PFZ and may represent important foraging regions for many of the apex predators within the region.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 04:21:56 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3163 Thu 13 May 2021 04:18:50 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1559 Thu 13 May 2021 03:54:54 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1142 Thu 13 May 2021 03:53:34 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1494 Thu 13 May 2021 03:29:46 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1148 Thu 13 May 2021 02:54:25 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1649 Thu 13 May 2021 02:35:46 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3440 Thu 13 May 2021 02:29:17 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1634 Thu 13 May 2021 02:10:21 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3021 Thu 13 May 2021 01:56:40 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1059 Thu 13 May 2021 01:41:12 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4188 Thu 13 May 2021 01:17:07 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3779 Thu 13 May 2021 01:14:36 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3446 Thu 13 May 2021 01:08:32 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1682 Thu 13 May 2021 01:00:17 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3841 Thu 13 May 2021 00:55:31 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4964 0.60) and are poorly mineralized. The low D-values «0.40) of the well mineralized vein systems reflect the higher degree of fracture connectivity. These vein systems were capable of efficiently draining and localizing large volumes of mineralizing fluids from crustal-scale structures. A metamorphic devolatization model is proposed where the entire Damaran metasedimentary and meta-volcanic package is seen as a large source area of very low concentrations of Cu, Au and other metals. Localization of deformation into crustal-scale faults and shear zones led to regional-scale hydrothermal fluid flow and focussing into the upstream fracture networks of the Onguati study area. Strong mineralization resulted when fluids encountered the reactive marble lithologies]]> Thu 13 May 2021 00:43:54 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4004 Thu 13 May 2021 00:20:34 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1139 Thu 13 May 2021 00:12:51 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1467 Thu 06 Jul 2023 12:06:41 SAST ]]>