https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36882 90% survival compared to the control at Mistley (93 versus 83%), Bloemendal (96 versus 62%) and Enon (burn) (96 versus 89%). At Garfield, Vulindlela, and Baynesfield, survival in both the treated and untreated treatments was below 90%, whereas both the treated and untreated treatments were above 90% at Rustig, Greenhill, Enon (slash), Umvoti, Dargle and Umvoti North. This data indicates that where soil-borne pests are present, the application of an insecticide is beneficial. Due to the costs associated with insecticide application, the challenge will be to determine which are high-risk sites that require treatment with an insecticide. Results from these trials indicate that on sites where soil-borne pests are present (and active), the application of insecticides is beneficial. However, even if present, the level of impact is less obvious, and possibly influenced by life cycle stage, site management and climate. The testing of alternative and less highly hazardous insecticides indicated the potential future use of insecticides in terms of limited seedling phytotoxicity (some of the products tested). To understand more fully the extent of their efficacy, these products would need to be re-tested again on sites where soil-borne pests are active. Optimum establishment practices, together with the planting of quality seedlings and application of an approved insecticide, will all contribute to improved survival and growth. Perhaps the biggest challenge will be the determination of soil pest activity, such that the application of pesticides can be limited to those sites where control is necessary..]]> Wed 12 May 2021 20:33:07 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5586 Wed 12 May 2021 20:11:35 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30691 Wed 12 May 2021 19:55:49 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4322 Wed 12 May 2021 15:54:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10406 Thu 13 May 2021 07:03:18 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:20803 Thu 13 May 2021 05:25:23 SAST ]]>