https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10495 Wed 12 May 2021 23:47:26 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:16154 Wed 12 May 2021 23:20:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8369 Wed 12 May 2021 23:15:46 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8347 Wed 12 May 2021 23:12:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39802 Wed 12 May 2021 23:04:40 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10500 Wed 12 May 2021 23:00:25 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4689 Wed 12 May 2021 22:55:56 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9322 Wed 12 May 2021 22:55:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9572 Wed 12 May 2021 22:45:13 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:6045 Wed 12 May 2021 22:42:16 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9587 Wed 12 May 2021 22:41:21 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26408 Wed 12 May 2021 22:39:17 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10358 Wed 12 May 2021 22:29:58 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9576 Wed 12 May 2021 22:23:46 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10070 Wed 12 May 2021 22:17:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10759 Wed 12 May 2021 20:37:37 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26864 Wed 12 May 2021 20:33:38 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4725 Wed 12 May 2021 20:25:10 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1327 Wed 12 May 2021 20:23:16 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26623 Wed 12 May 2021 20:17:12 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26508 Wed 12 May 2021 19:53:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26461 5% per liver weight in all treated groups. The present study demonstrates that these two plant extracts and metformin have different glucogenic and lipogenic effects from that presented by HFD alone when compared to the LFD alone. In conclusion, metformin and P. africana extract can attenuate HFD‐induced fatty liver without changing the dietary habits. Hence S. frutescens extract is less effective in the prevention of HFD‐induced fatty liver. A change in the dietary habits is recommended to be considered during the use of these three remedies in the treatment of HFD‐induced insulin resistance and fatty liver. All three treatments enhanced antioxidant capacity, and may improve insulin resistance and fatty liver mediated by the present HFD through different mechanism of actions in the liver.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 19:40:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:16224 Wed 12 May 2021 19:32:39 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4698 Wed 12 May 2021 19:29:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:16152 Wed 12 May 2021 19:24:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26893 Wed 12 May 2021 19:22:05 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3630 Wed 12 May 2021 19:11:50 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5855 Wed 12 May 2021 19:02:24 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3372 Wed 12 May 2021 18:54:33 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4103 Wed 12 May 2021 18:47:03 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4486 Wed 12 May 2021 18:44:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9822 Wed 12 May 2021 18:35:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11721 Wed 12 May 2021 18:23:13 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:16225 Wed 12 May 2021 18:03:42 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26448 Wed 12 May 2021 17:59:50 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2164 Wed 12 May 2021 17:43:45 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26607 Wed 12 May 2021 17:33:21 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9461 Wed 12 May 2021 17:29:41 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10671 Wed 12 May 2021 17:29:22 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8919 Wed 12 May 2021 17:27:07 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11965 Wed 12 May 2021 17:17:35 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5519 Wed 12 May 2021 17:12:10 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9717 Wed 12 May 2021 17:04:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:21793 Wed 12 May 2021 16:46:37 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1964 Wed 12 May 2021 16:42:11 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10494 Wed 12 May 2021 16:38:46 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26493 Wed 12 May 2021 16:29:46 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39196 Wed 12 May 2021 16:18:08 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9326 Wed 12 May 2021 16:12:24 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9325 Wed 12 May 2021 15:50:01 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11830 0.05) in A. hebraeum infested herds. It was concluded that management practices aimed at movement and tick control would help reduce the prevalence of clinical dermatophilosis in herds.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 15:48:21 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10063 Thu 13 May 2021 15:49:24 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26580 99 % in selectively extracting the metalloporphyrins. The impact of the template on the affinity of recognition for NTPP was evaluated. The results showed that the NTPP adsorption capacity increased as the molar ratio of NTPP to styrene was increased from 1:1 to 3:1. The optimal ratio of template to functional monomer which yielded the best specific affinity and highest recovery (99.9 %) was 3:1. The effects of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), dichloromethane (DCM), dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), pentane (PEN) on electro-spinnability of the polymer solutions and the morphological appearance of the nanofibers were investigated. The imprinted nanofibers exhibited the same selectivity specialism for both NTPP and VTPP. A remarkable stability in relation to reusability was observed when imprinted nanofibers were used, as they could be reused nine times without incurring any significant loss in removal efficiency. The results were validated by analysing a certified reference material. The imprinted sorbents were therefore found to be selective sorbents that are well suited for handling trace metals in organic media.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 09:54:20 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9727 Thu 13 May 2021 09:35:39 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11767 Thu 13 May 2021 08:53:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28540 Thu 13 May 2021 07:35:41 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8430 Thu 13 May 2021 07:33:41 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29380 20% habitat loss due to invasion). Upstream invasion by centrarchids isolated and fragmented P. afer populations into headwater refugia, while top down invasion by salmonids excluded B. trevelyani from invaded, more pristine stream reaches, by forcing the species into degraded unsuitable lower stream reaches. Predation also disrupted population processes such as adult dispersal for P. afer, and centrarchid-invaded zones acted as demographic sinks, where adults dispersing through invaded reaches were rapidly depleted. While the Mandela lineage of P. afer exhibited little within or between drainage genetic structuring, B. trevelyani was >4% divergent between drainages, and up to 2% divergent between streams within the Keiskamma River system (Chapter 7). The distribution of genetic diversity for B. trevelyani also indicated that the loss of diversity was imminent without immediate conservation interventions. This thesis has provided conclusive evidence that native fishes are vulnerable to invasion and that non-native predatory fishes have significant impacts on native fishes in Eastern Cape headwater streams. If management and conservation measures are implemented, the unwanted introduction and spread of non-native fishes may be restricted, allowing native fishes opportunities for recovery.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 07:28:56 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9831 Thu 13 May 2021 07:04:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9676 Thu 13 May 2021 06:51:25 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:16204 Thu 13 May 2021 06:46:27 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1324 Thu 13 May 2021 06:43:15 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:20793 Thu 13 May 2021 06:37:01 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4535 Thu 13 May 2021 06:36:49 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26533 Thu 13 May 2021 06:31:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3370 Thu 13 May 2021 06:25:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26539 Thu 13 May 2021 06:24:46 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2003 Thu 13 May 2021 06:16:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3211 Thu 13 May 2021 06:11:58 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11278 10 mg/ml for the aqueous extract. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranges of the extracts were 0.625–10 mg/ml for both the n-hexane and the dichloromethane extract; 5-10 mg/ml for the methanol extract; and those for the aqueous extract were above 10 mg/ml against all the susceptible Listeria isolates. The rate of kill analysis was then determined for the three most active crude extracts that is excluding the aqueous extract and it was assessed against four representative Listeria species namely L. monocytogenes (LAL 8), L. grayi (LAL 15), L. ivanovii (LEL 30) and L. ivanovii (LEL 18). All the three extracts showed a general trend of being concentration and time dependent in their rate of kill profiles such that most bacteria cells were killed at the highest test concentration of 4× MIC value after the maximum exposure time of 2 h. The n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were bactericidal against 4, 3 and 1 isolates out of the four test Listeria isolates respectively.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 06:09:04 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1968 Thu 13 May 2021 05:36:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1976 Thu 13 May 2021 05:19:48 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5877 1 yr in the absence of herbivores) and showed that sea urchins and browsing fishes were able to remove significant amounts of macroalgae where either herbivore was abundant. However, using multiple-choice selectivity assays and in situ video recordings, I found that browsing fishes fed very selectively with low overlap in diet among species, leading to low functional redundancy within a high diversity system. Finally, using long-term survey data (from 28 sites) to build a 43-year chronosequence, I showed that it is possible that the effects of herbivory will not be constant across transitions from open fishing to fishery closures through non-linear grazing intensity. Therefore, increases in herbivory within fisheries closures may not be immediate and may allow a window of opportunity for algae to go from turf to unpalatable macroalgae until scraping and browsing fishes fully recover from fishing (~ 20 years). The findings in this thesis are novel and raise concern over the potential implications of the slow recovery of parrotfishes or, given lower than expected functional redundancy in grazing effects, the absence of even one browsing fish species in fisheries closures. Overall, this thesis highlights the importance of herbivore community dynamics in mediating interactions among algae, and provides new insights for conservation and management actions that attempt to bolster the resilience of coral reefs.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 04:09:10 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:20615 Thu 13 May 2021 03:57:36 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9125 Thu 13 May 2021 03:47:03 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26547 Thu 13 May 2021 03:42:40 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39453 Thu 13 May 2021 03:28:24 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2326 Thu 13 May 2021 03:23:33 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5846 Thu 13 May 2021 03:19:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4691 Thu 13 May 2021 03:01:40 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2004 Thu 13 May 2021 03:00:34 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1966 Thu 13 May 2021 02:30:31 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5870 Thu 13 May 2021 02:28:03 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8798 Thu 13 May 2021 02:16:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4117 Thu 13 May 2021 02:12:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4109 Thu 13 May 2021 01:52:04 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1325 Thu 13 May 2021 01:50:11 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3719 Thu 13 May 2021 01:37:42 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10643 Thu 13 May 2021 01:30:41 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11871 2 mm aggregates. The reverse occurred in Alice Jozini, which had relatively low clay content of 120 g kg-1. Two significantly different groups of the SSIR were observed. The SSIR was between 1.24 and 3.60 mm hr-1 in the group of ecotopes dominated by primary minerals and relatively lower clay content. In the second group, consisting one ecotope dominated by kaolinite and relatively higher clay content, the SSIR was 15.23 mm hr-1. Rainfall pattern i.e. rainfall applied either as an eight minute single rainstorm (SR) or four-two minute intermittent rainstorms (IR) separated by a 48 h drying period significantly (p < 0.05) affected crust strength, SSIR and erosion. The IR resulted in higher crust strength and SSIR than SR. The effect of rainfall pattern on SSIR was mostly influenced by the primary minerals namely, quartz. Three maize seeds of equal size were planted in plastic pots, pre-wetted by capillary action and then subjected to simulated rainfall at three intensities for 5 min. Rainfall intensity (30, 45 and 60 mm h-1) significantly (P < 0.05) affected crust strength and mean emergence day (MED) but not emergence percentage (EMP) and shoot length (P > 0.05). The 60 mm h-1 rainfall intensity resulted in the highest crust strength and MED.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 01:21:01 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:20983 Thu 13 May 2021 01:13:37 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:6046 Thu 13 May 2021 01:12:38 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9716 Thu 13 May 2021 01:08:14 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10363 Thu 13 May 2021 01:01:02 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39219 Thu 13 May 2021 00:41:31 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4114 Thu 13 May 2021 00:22:21 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11531 Thu 13 May 2021 00:19:14 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11338 Thu 13 May 2021 00:08:03 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11311 Thu 13 May 2021 00:03:33 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1985 Thu 06 Apr 2023 14:25:46 SAST ]]>