https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9946 Wed 12 May 2021 23:50:45 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:21056 Wed 12 May 2021 23:48:08 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:884 Wed 12 May 2021 23:47:47 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9217 Wed 12 May 2021 23:34:18 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11900 Wed 12 May 2021 23:27:32 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9793 Wed 12 May 2021 23:18:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10270 Wed 12 May 2021 23:12:05 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8364 Wed 12 May 2021 23:00:50 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1484 Wed 12 May 2021 22:50:04 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10474 Wed 12 May 2021 22:48:57 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:16170 . 05) or (p = .46), qualitative evidence suggests a relationship between context and disciplinary offences. Third, principals’ roles in instilling discipline were focused mainly on reactive administrative and management functions rather than on giving leadership designed to inspire alternative ways of behaving. Fourth, principals’ and teachers’ belief in the use of alternatives to corporal punishment revealed ambivalence and lack of understanding. Fifth, measures to instil discipline, even though they were said to be based on alternatives to corporal punishment, placed heavy emphasis on inflicting pain and relied on extrinsic control. Sixth, two disciplinary measures designed to inflict pain were found to be weakly associated, but significantly (p < 0.05) with violent behaviour, lending credence to view that in using certain practices to instil discipline there are socialisation consequences. Finally, the use of some measures recommended by alternatives to corporal punishment yielded some unintended socialisation consequences. The study concludes that there was lack of consistency between disciplinary practices in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality primary schools and the principles of Alternatives to Corporal Punishment. The findings suggest that it is difficult to achieve the consistency without a school leadership which understands that the alternatives call for a paradigm shift in measures to instil discipline. For improving discipline in schools, it is recommended that school principals and stakeholders must focus on measures that are meant to cultivate a new school culture guided by values of self-discipline in order to minimise the need for extrinsic punitive control. For further research, a follow up study based on a probability sample, which should include secondary schools, could be undertaken in order that results can be generalised.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 22:27:34 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11610 Wed 12 May 2021 21:00:04 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8864 Wed 12 May 2021 20:35:57 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9407 Wed 12 May 2021 20:30:45 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8339 Wed 12 May 2021 20:24:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5534 Wed 12 May 2021 20:15:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11157 Wed 12 May 2021 20:09:07 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9819 Wed 12 May 2021 20:06:58 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:18446 Wed 12 May 2021 19:58:54 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10419 Ni > Cu > Fe > Mg. The mass of metal ions that accumulated on one gram of clinoptilolite as determined from the isotherms was calculated to be 6.16 mg/g for lead and 0.74 mg/g for copper. Data from the lead equilibrium studies were fitted into Langmuir and Freundlich equations and linear regression was used to calculate linearity coefficients for the isotherms. The results showed that the removal of lead ions by clinoptilolite is complex as both monolayer and multilayer adsorption occurs on a heterogeneous surface.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 19:56:33 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8702 Wed 12 May 2021 19:47:55 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:16172 Wed 12 May 2021 19:46:09 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9426 Wed 12 May 2021 19:26:15 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:784 Wed 12 May 2021 19:18:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8272 Wed 12 May 2021 19:14:15 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10661 Wed 12 May 2021 19:09:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8861 Wed 12 May 2021 18:55:15 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11155 Wed 12 May 2021 18:53:29 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4752 Wed 12 May 2021 18:49:36 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:16218 Wed 12 May 2021 18:43:51 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9566 Wed 12 May 2021 18:42:16 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1007 Wed 12 May 2021 18:31:06 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9945 Wed 12 May 2021 17:56:15 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11842 Wed 12 May 2021 17:43:47 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9915 Wed 12 May 2021 17:36:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11441 Wed 12 May 2021 17:28:22 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8254 Wed 12 May 2021 17:22:00 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5454 Wed 12 May 2021 17:16:47 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:888 Wed 12 May 2021 17:09:46 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1147 Wed 12 May 2021 16:53:10 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10284 Wed 12 May 2021 16:28:25 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5644 Wed 12 May 2021 16:23:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5229 0.05) amount of variability (63%) was explained by a predictive model incorporating these variables as investigations were constrained by small sample sizes and aggregated catch information. Scientific survey data provided multi-species information and highlighted the high proportion of non-native fish species in Eastern Cape impoundments. Gillnet catches were influenced primarily by species composition and were less subject to fluctuations induced by environmental factors. Overall standardised gillnet CPUE was influenced by surface area, conductivity and age of impoundment. Although the model fit was not significant at the p<0.05 level, 23% of the variability in the data was explained by a predictive model incorporating these variables. The presence of species which could be effectively targeted by gillnets was hypothesised to represent the most important factor influencing catch rates. Investigation of factors influencing CPUE in impoundments dominated by Clarias gariepinus and native cyprinids indicated that warmer, younger impoundments and smaller, colder impoundments produced higher catches of C. gariepinus and native cyprinids respectively. A predictive model for C. gariepinus abundance explained a significant amount of variability (77%) in CPUE although the small sample size of impoundments suggests that predictions from this model may not be robust. CPUE of native cyprinids was influenced primarily by the presence of Labeo umbratus and constrained by small sample size of impoundments and the model did not adequately explain the variability in the data (r² = 0.31, p>0.05). These results indicate that angling catch- and scientific survey data can be useful in providing predictions of fish abundance that are biologically realistic. However, more data over a greater spatial scale would allow for more robust predictions of catch rates. This could be achieved through increased monitoring of existing resource users, the creation of a centralised database for catch records from angling competitions, and increased scientific surveys of South African impoundments conducted by a dedicated governmental function.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 16:19:14 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3778 Wed 12 May 2021 16:16:36 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10744 Wed 12 May 2021 16:14:28 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11434 Wed 12 May 2021 16:12:59 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8873 Wed 12 May 2021 16:12:29 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8196 Wed 12 May 2021 16:07:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10489 Wed 12 May 2021 15:51:55 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9804 Thu 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