https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index en-us 5 https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31326 Wed 12 May 2021 22:55:24 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34072 Wed 12 May 2021 22:46:42 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:33974 Wed 12 May 2021 22:30:00 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30995 Wed 12 May 2021 22:20:50 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38179 Wed 12 May 2021 20:50:21 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34119 Wed 12 May 2021 20:37:42 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30555 Wed 12 May 2021 20:35:05 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29196 Wed 12 May 2021 20:28:09 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39630 Wed 12 May 2021 20:20:52 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31310 Wed 12 May 2021 20:18:35 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34264 Wed 12 May 2021 20:15:02 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34233 Wed 12 May 2021 19:58:52 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:33963 Wed 12 May 2021 19:39:01 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34121 Wed 12 May 2021 19:37:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30605 Wed 12 May 2021 19:34:18 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34232 Wed 12 May 2021 19:20:50 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34126 Wed 12 May 2021 19:08:39 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34260 Wed 12 May 2021 19:06:09 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38128 Wed 12 May 2021 19:00:05 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:33918 Wed 12 May 2021 18:22:21 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34120 Wed 12 May 2021 18:20:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30704 Wed 12 May 2021 18:19:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34275 Wed 12 May 2021 18:03:10 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38151 Wed 12 May 2021 17:46:24 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36661 Wed 12 May 2021 17:35:54 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35991 Wed 12 May 2021 17:13:21 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35988 Wed 12 May 2021 17:09:21 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39411 Wed 12 May 2021 17:07:25 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31192 Wed 12 May 2021 16:49:59 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29541 Wed 12 May 2021 16:44:31 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35990 Wed 12 May 2021 16:32:56 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34253 Wed 12 May 2021 16:31:35 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30942 Wed 12 May 2021 15:54:37 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40090 .05). The model chi-square value of 43.47 (approximately 44% ) was significant. Thus, the indication is that the model has a good fit in predicting the possibility of a fuel retail outlet being located in the core or peripheral zone of the metropolis as determined by the explanatory variables (the independent variables accounted for about 44% of possible factors which determined whether a fuel retail outlets is located either within the core or peripheral zones of the metropolis. The remaining 56% are factors not considered in the study). The result gotten from the in depth interview sessions corroborated the findings from the tested hypothesis. The third objective was to examine the effects which the supply chain technique employed (either vertically integrated model or third-party arrangement) has on the achievement of efficient and effective distribution of the products. In order to achieve this objective, all the 389 registered members of Petroleum Tanker Drivers (PTD) association who are members of the PTD in the metropolis were sampled, 265 (around 70%) of the distributed questionnaires were retrieved and used for the analysis. In depth interview sessions were also conducted with three different managers of the three major conglomerates in the downstream sector of the Nigerian petroleum sector. The result of one-way between subjects (ANOVA) which was conducted to compare differences in the management and performances of haulage services outsourced to the 3PLS and those run under VIM showed that there was a significant effect of ownership type on management performance (F (2,262) = 60.26, p<.05). The null hypothesis was therefore rejected while the alternate hypothesis was accepted. The findings from the interview sessions posted similar results. The fourth and final objective was to analyze the effect that the socio-economic attributes of the participants (haulers and managers of retail outlets) involved in the distribution of xxvi petroleum products has on the safe, efficient and cost-effective distribution of product and this was done through the use of descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and incisive analysis of the interview sessions. A total number of 265 (70%) out of the 389 registered members of Petroleum Tanker Driver Association (PTDA) participated in the study. Multiple regression analysis (MRA) was used to test this hypothesis. The result from the statistical analysis show that the use of stimulant, work condition, marital status and educational attainment/literacy level have joint influence on compliance (R2 = 0.31, F (4,260) = 29.72, p<.05). On the basis of the foregoing, the hypothesis is thus accepted. The result from the interview sessions confirmed the existence of strong relationship between the explanatory variables and the hypothetical dependant variable. The study recommended a review of the planning processes guiding the establishment of fuel retail outlets. The study also advocated that retailers should endeavour to have stronger control over the supply chain of their products this could done by investing more in VIM rather than outsourcing such functions to 3PLs. This will help in better business performances. Government agencies in charge of monitoring drug abuse among haulers are advised to be more proactive by the duo of prevention and punishment strategies. This should include advocacy campaign against drug abuse. Different ranges of punishments should also be meted out for individual haulers found culpable.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 15:06:55 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40715 Wed 12 May 2021 14:55:38 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:41083 Wed 12 May 2021 14:48:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:41091 Wed 12 May 2021 14:47:11 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40736 .05, partial η2 = 0.00). Based on these findings, it was recommended that teachers should adopt service learning and collaborative learning strategies in the teaching of environmental concepts and problems in Social Studies in order to improve students’ performance in Social Studies. Teachers should facilitate the use of service learning and collaborative learning strategies in schools to improve students’ environmental problem-solving skills and their achievement in the subject. Teaching institutions should not only include service learning and collaborative learning strategies in their curriculum but should endeavour to provide practical experience for pre-service teachers to be well grounded and equipped on the use of these strategies.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 14:46:14 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:41150 Wed 12 May 2021 14:41:58 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40764 Wed 12 May 2021 14:31:27 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:41132 Wed 12 May 2021 14:29:11 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40534 Wed 12 May 2021 14:24:01 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:41085 Wed 12 May 2021 14:22:55 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40695 Wed 12 May 2021 14:18:13 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:42704 Wed 12 May 2021 14:09:11 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40521 Wed 12 May 2021 14:01:05 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40703 Wed 12 May 2021 13:59:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:42071 Wed 12 May 2021 13:57:02 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40524 Wed 12 May 2021 13:55:04 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40183 Tue 07 May 2024 11:09:10 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31213 Thu 29 Sep 2022 14:24:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34274 Thu 13 May 2021 16:44:08 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31195 Thu 13 May 2021 14:48:31 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:33940 Thu 13 May 2021 08:53:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34231 Thu 13 May 2021 08:23:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30738 Thu 13 May 2021 08:18:40 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36623 Thu 13 May 2021 08:05:54 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30610 Thu 13 May 2021 07:33:34 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35989 Thu 13 May 2021 07:31:09 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38127 Thu 13 May 2021 07:27:17 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36658 Thu 13 May 2021 07:26:04 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36626 Thu 13 May 2021 07:18:13 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35986 Thu 13 May 2021 06:55:48 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36657 Thu 13 May 2021 06:51:10 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34081 Thu 13 May 2021 06:38:10 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31148 Thu 13 May 2021 06:10:06 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31391 Thu 13 May 2021 05:54:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34135 Thu 13 May 2021 05:53:40 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38132 Thu 13 May 2021 05:24:24 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30977 Thu 13 May 2021 05:13:22 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30027 5x105 K and >6x1021 W Hz-1 respectively. This work demonstrates that automated post-processing pipelines for wide-field, uniform sensitivity VLBI surveys are feasible and indeed made more efficient with new software, wide-field imaging algorithms and more purpose-built source- finders. This broadens the discovery space for future wide-field surveys with upcoming arrays such as the African VLBI Network (AVN), MeerKAT and the Square Kilometre Array (SKA).]]> Thu 13 May 2021 05:08:27 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31330 Thu 13 May 2021 04:33:51 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39633 Thu 13 May 2021 04:22:40 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39634 Thu 13 May 2021 04:21:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38186 Thu 13 May 2021 04:06:18 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:33996 Thu 13 May 2021 04:02:38 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36636 1500 m). Of these 21 sites, 17 were suitable for either methane analysis or groundwater sampling, with four of the Soekor boreholes unsuitable. The presence of methane in groundwater and being freely emitted seems to be a common occurrence above the Main Karoo basin and of the 17 sites investigated, 14 had freely emitted methane emission. All but one of these sites had δ13C-(CH4)g signatures greater than -50 ‰, indicating a thermogenic origin. Combining the results obtained from the Picarro instrument with those compiled by Talma & Esterhuyse (2015), a higher resolution distribution map was created. The δ13C-CH4 signatures show patterning with a decreasing trend from the southern Karoo Basin to the north, which corresponds to the general decrease in thermal maturity of the Ecca shales (Whitehill Formation) northward across the Karoo Basin. The δ13C-(CH4)d results from a case study conducted by Eymold et al. (2018) differ significantly with the data collected in this study that included several of the same sampling locations. This is explained by a two phase partitioning (gas + water) that leads to the thermogenic endmember of methane being released in its free state (analysed by Picarro G2201-i) and microbial methane that is formed in situ remains dissolved in the water (analysed by Eymold et al. 2018). Soekor and deep sites; SA 1/66, KA 1/66, and KWV-1 that have direct pathways for methane migration from the Whitehill are deemed the best proxies to resolve the thermogenic endmember of methane, with δ13C-(CH4)g signatures of -26.32‰, 31.66‰, and -34.57‰, respectively. The hydrochemistry results suggests that that free methane emissions do not necessarily have to be associated with saline Cl- waters, as multiple sites have CH4 emissions with low salinities (Cl < 50 mg/L) and that methane in its free state can migrate to the surface due to buoyancy. The results also indicate that dolerite intrusions act as conduits for upward migration of groundwater from depth, but that the deep groundwater signatures proposed by Murray et al., (2015) are related to their different migration pathways and water-rock interactions rather than being representative of the deep formation waters. Using an initial assessment δ13C-CH4, TOC concentration [TOC] and the tritium (3H) values, where water samples that have 3H ≤ 1 TU, detectable TOC and δ13C-CH4 signatures > -50‰ could indicate hydraulic connectivity between the shallow aquifer and an organic/CH4 rich sedimentary layer, which may or may not be from the Whitehill Formation. However, this method for determining aquifer connectivity requires further investigations in the Karoo Basin context. The results obtained in this study add to the limited isotopic data of methane across the Karoo Basin and demonstrates the effectiveness of an infield identification of methane emissions using the Picarro G2201-i.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 03:54:11 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30703 Thu 13 May 2021 03:32:02 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34197 70% of total counts) of sightings were made inside the MPAs. Short-term boat-based surveys were conducted three times a year between June 2014 and December 2016, contributing to a total of 47 days of surveys divided into three locations: Amathole, Hluleka, and Pondoland, each containing a MPA. Density and group size data were analyzed for both species and photographic identification analysis was performed for photographs of bottlenose dolphin dorsal fins. Results indicate that animal and sighting density did not differ temporally (bottlenose dolphin: sighting density – p=0.398, individual density –p=0.781; common dolphin: sighting density –p=0.472, individual density – p=0.204). Environmental factors (sea surface temperature, depth, substrate, and distance from shore) appeared to have limited effect on individual and sighting density and group size for both species (p>0.05). Photographic identification of bottlenose dolphins resulted in 2149 individuals, with a 11.8% resighting rate, with the highest resighting rate within the Pondoland MPA (16.1%). The resighting count did not differ temporally between monthly survey based on generalized linear models (p=0.866), but did differ between study areas (p<0.0001). These results provide the first evidence of the occurrence of both species of dolphin off the Wild Coast, as they were sighted in this region in all survey months. There was no trend in density based on temporal or environmental factors, which suggests other factors are influencing their occurrence. Resightings of bottlenose dolphins within the area suggest that there is some degree of residency, though the majority of animals were only sighted on a single occasion and there was no plateau in the discovery curve. A total of 256 biopsy samples (bottlenose dolphins =128; common dolphins=128) were collected during boat-based surveys. Bottlenose dolphin samples were also collected from adjacent areas to the southwest (Algoa Bay, n=22) and northeast (KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), n=20) of the Wild Coast to investigate similarities and differences between these areas. Despite a high degree of niche overlap between the two species (41%), common dolphins fed with a broader niche (standard ellipse area probability 0.89) than bottlenose dolphins in the summer and a narrower niche in the winter (probability 0.94). There was a clear spatial variation in the diet of bottlenose dolphins along the coast, with individuals from Algoa Bay and Amathole demonstrating 0% niche overlap with individuals from KZN, but the mechanism for these differences remains unclear as other species from South African waters demonstrate a strong southwest to northeast gradient in nitrogen for the Eastern Cape coastline. This research provides valuable baseline information regarding dolphins off the Wild Coast of South Africa, which remained largely unknown. My results indicate that bottlenose dolphins may be more resident in the Wild Coast than previous predicted, and confirm that common dolphins are highly mobile in this area.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 03:09:09 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:33964 Thu 13 May 2021 02:44:45 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35984 Thu 13 May 2021 02:17:49 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34124 Thu 13 May 2021 02:13:18 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34267 Thu 13 May 2021 02:08:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31150 Thu 13 May 2021 01:49:42 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29121 Thu 13 May 2021 01:46:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30939 Thu 13 May 2021 01:36:33 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38187 Thu 13 May 2021 01:23:04 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34216 Thu 13 May 2021 01:21:34 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36625 Thu 13 May 2021 01:12:35 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30972 Thu 13 May 2021 00:55:59 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38260 Thu 13 May 2021 00:38:50 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34139 Thu 13 May 2021 00:29:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35985 Thu 13 May 2021 00:27:26 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36624 0.8) for AP, when compared with the non-PA intervention group. No significant differences were found for AP in relation to intervention group comparisons for the health and hygiene education and nutrition intervention groups. Similarly, the intervention group comparisons revealed no significant differences regarding attention for post-intervention and pre- to post-intervention differences. Findings suggest that a school-based PA intervention can positively affect children’s AP. The current study emphasises the necessity of PA and reinforces the importance of PE in the school curriculum. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that PE regains its rightful place and be actively taught within the school curriculum.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 00:16:14 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:36662 Thu 13 May 2021 00:15:20 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:33953 Thu 13 May 2021 00:04:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34257 Thu 13 May 2021 00:02:25 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40704 Mon 06 May 2024 15:05:59 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35983 Fri 20 Aug 2021 17:34:26 SAST ]]> https://commons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30949 Fri 15 Mar 2024 13:00:57 SAST ]]>